高级语法(1)

1．情态动词

2．强调与倒装

3．虚拟语气

4．不定代词

5．动词的特殊搭配

6--8 不定式动名词现在分词与过去分词

一、情态动词

1.Mary’s score on the test is the highest in her class; she ________have studied very hard.

A)may B) should C) must D) ought to

2.With all his work on hand, he ___________ to the cinema last night.

A)mustn’t go C) oughtn’t to go

B)wouldn’t go D) shouldn’t have gone

3.She must have had an accident, or he ________ then.

A)would have been here C) should be here

B)had to be here D) would be here

4.You __________ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.

A)needn’t have done C) shouldn’t have done

B)must not have done D) can not have done

5.You _________ her in her office last Friday; she’s been out of town for two weeks.

A)needn’t have seen C) might have seen

B)must have seen D) can’t have seen

6.The conference _________ a full week by the time it ends.

A)must have lasted C) would last

B)will have lasted D) has lasted

7.As teachers we should concern(注意) ourselves with what is said, not what we think

__________.

A)ought to be said C) have to be said

B)must say D) need to say

8.He didn’t come to the party yesterday evening. He ________ busy working in the lab.

A)must have been C) would have been

B)may be D) could be

9. The room is in a terrible mess; it ________ cleaned.

A) can’t have been B) shouldn’t have been

C) mustn’t have been D) wouldn’t have been

10. We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we _________ him

A) would have telephone B) would telephone

C) must have telephoned D) had telephoned

11. I wish I ________ longer this morning, but I had to get and come to class.

A) could have slept B) might have slept

C) slept D) have slept

12.Some women ________ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided

not to work for the sake of the family.

A) must make B) should have made C) would make D) could have made

13 . It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you _______ it.

A) mustn’t have done B) wouldn’t have done

C) mightn’t have done D) didn’t have to do

14. Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we

_________ during the day.

A) should have done B) would have done

C) may have done D) must have done

二、强调与倒装

1.________that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point.

A)During the 1960’s C) That it was in the 1960’s

B)It was in the 1960’s D) It was the 1960’s

2.Only by shouting at the top of his voice _________.

A)was he able to make himself hear

B)he was able to make himself hear

C)he was able to make himself heard

D)was he able to make himself heard

3.It wasn’t such a good dinner _________ she had promised us.

A)that C) as

B)which D) what

4._________she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.

A）That was from Stephen C) It was from Stephen that

B) It was Stephen whom D) It was Stephen that

5. __________ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have wonderful dinner party.

A) Had they arrived C) Were they arriving

B) Would they arrive D) Were they to arrive

6. Only under special circumstances _________ to take make-up tests(补考).

A) are freshmen(大学一年级学生) permitted C) permitted are freshmen

B) freshmen are permitted D) are permitted freshmen

7. I don’t think lunch is a good time to get together, _____________.

A) dinner is neither C) so is not dinner

B) not dinner ,too D) nor is dinner

8._______ she realized it was too late to go home.

A) No sooner it grew dark than C) Scarcely had it grown dark than

B) Hardly did it grow dark that D) It was not until dark that

9.. _________, he does get annoyed with her sometimes

A) Although much he likes her B) Much although he likes her

B) As he likes her much D) Much as he likes her

10. Until then, his family ________ from him fro six months.

A) didn’t hear B) hasn’t been hearing C) hasn’t heard D) hadn’t heard

三、虚拟语气

1.He suggested ___________ to tomorrow’s exhibition together.

A)us to go C) we shall go

B)we went D) we go

2.If it _________ to much trouble, I’d love to have a cup of tea.

A)isn’t C) weren’t

B)wasn’t D) hadn’t been

3.It was essential that the application forms _________ back before the deadline(截止日期).

A)Must be sent C) be sent

B)Would be sent D) were sent

4.Look at the terrible situation I am in! I only I __________ your advice.

A)follow C) would follow

B)had follow D) have followed

5.It is recommended that the project _________ until all the preparations have been made.

A)is not started C) not be started

B)will not be started D) is not to be started

6.I wish I _________ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.

A)could have slept C) might have slept

B)slept D) have slept

7.We didn’t know his telephone number, otherwise we _________ him.

A)would have telephoned C) would telephone

B)must have telephoned D) had telephoned

8.It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios _________ after 11 o’clock at

night.

A)were not played C) not be played

B)not to play D) did not play

9.Jean doesn’t want to work right away because she thinks that if she _________a job she

probably wouldn’t able to see her friends very often.

A)has to get C) had got

B)were to get D) could have got

10.It is important that enough money _________ to fund the project.

A)be collected C) was collected

B)must be collected D) to be collected

11.I don’t think it advisable that Tom __________ to the job since he has no experience.

A)is assigned C) be assigned

B)will be assigned D) has been assigned

12. What type of automobile would you buy if _________ ?

A) if you have free choice to choose the cars available today

B) if you are free to to choose among all the cars available today

C) if all cars available were free to be chosen by you

D) if you were free to choose among all the cars available today

13. ___________, he would have come to class.

A) If Mike is able to finish his homework

B) Would Mike be able to finish his homework

C) If Mike had been able to finish his homework

D) If Mike were able to finish his homework

14. The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ________ all practical

value by the time they were finished.

A) had lost C. would have lost

B) would lose D. should have lost

15. Jack wishes that he _________ business instead of history when he was in university.

A) had studied B) study C) studied D) had been studying

16. Mike’s uncle insists _________ in this hotel.

A) staying not C) that he would not stay

B) not to stay D) that he not stay

17. Sometimes I wish I _________ in a different time and a different place.

A) be living B) were living C) would live D) would have lived

18. It is essential that these application forms ________ back as early as possible.

A) must be sent B) will be sent C) are sent D) be sent

19. Many a delegate was in favor of his proposal that special committee _________ to investigate

the incident.

A)were set up B) was set up C) be set up D) set up

20. I’d rather you ________ make any comment on the issue for th e time being.

A) don’t B) wouldn’t C) didn’t D) shouldn’t

21. _______ right now, she would get there on Sunday.

A) Would she leave B) If she leaves C) Were she to leave D) If she had left

22. It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time _________?

A) we are going home B) we go home C) we went home D) we can go home

23. “You are very selfish. It’s high time you _______ that you are not the most important person

In the world,” Edgar said to his boss angrily.

A)realized B) have realized C) realize D) should realize

24. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you ________ now.

A) wouldn’t be smiling B) couldn’t have smiled

C) won’t smile D) didn’t smile

25. Frankly speaking, I’d rather you _________ anything about it for the time being.

A) didn’t do B) haven’t done C) don’t do D) have done

26. If the whole operation ________ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have

been lost.

A) was not planned B) has not been planned

C) had not been planned D) were not planned

27. It is important that the hotel receptionist _________ that guests are registered correctly.

A) has made sure B) made sure C) must make sure D) make sure

四、不定代词

1.No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to ___________.

A)the other C) another

B)any other D) other

2.I have two boys but _________ of them likes sweets.

A)both C) either

B)neither D) none

3._______student with a little common sense(常识)should be able to answer the question.

A)Each C) Either

B)Any D) One

4.If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller ___________.

A)ones C) one

B)pairs D) pair

5.We had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, so let’s have ________ one this month.

A)Another C) the other

B)More D) other

6.The organization had broken no rules, but _________ had it acted responsibly.

A)Neither C) either

B)So D) both

7.It is reported that _________ adopted children want to know who their natural parents are.

A)The most C) most

B)Most of D) the most of

8.The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _________ Chemist’s(药店).

A)Each C) certain

B)Some D) any

9.When he arrived, he found __________ the aged and the sick at home.

A)None but C) nothing but

B)None other than D) no other than

10.In China there is _________ more appropriate to give a new-born foreign baby than

something typically Chinese.

A)Nothing B) anything C) something D) none

11. _________ in the office had made a mistake, and the firm regretted causing the customer

Inconvenience.

A) Some B) Anyone C) One D) someone

五、动词的特殊搭配

1.If you want __________ you have to get the fund somewhere.

A)that the job is done C) to have done the job

B)the job done D ) the job that is done

六、不定式

1.There is more land in Australia than the government knows __________.

A)What to do with C) to do with it

B)how to do D) to do

2.My sister’s professor had her ________ her paper many times before allowing her to present it

to the committee.

A)rewritten C) rewrite

B)to rewrite D) rewriting

3.She was glad that her success would _________for the women who would follow.

A)make things easier C) be easier

B)make it easier D) be easier to make

4.Mrs. Brown is supposed __________ for Italy last week.

A) to have left C) to leave

B) to be leaving D) to have been left

5. I’d rather read than watch television; the programs seem _________ all the time.

A) to get worse C) to have got worse

B) to be getting worse D) getting worse

6. When I caught him __________ I stopped buying things there and stared dealing with another

shop.

A) cheating C) to cheat

B) cheat D) to be cheating

7. The city is said __________ into an industrial center.

A) to develop C) that has developed

B) to have developed D) that is developed

8. __________ speaking English?

A) used he to C) Was he used to

B) was used he to D) Did he use to

七、动名词与不定式

1.It’s no use _________ me not to worry.

A)You tell C) for you to have told

B)Your telling D) having told

2.They are considering __________ before the prices go up.

A)of buying the house C) buying the house

B)with buying the house D) to buy the house

3.John regretted __________ to the meeting last week.

A)Not going C) not having been going

B)Not to go D) not to be going

4.The match was cancelled because most of the members _________ a match without a

standard court.

A)Objected to having C) objected to have

B)Were objected to have D) were objected to having

5.The t eacher doesn’t permit __________ in class.

A)Smoke C) smoking

B)To smoke D) to have a smoke

6.I like watching TV _________ to the cinema.

A)More than to go C) more than going

B)Than going D) rather than to go

7.I appreciate _________ to your home.

A)To be invited C) having invited

B)To have invited D）being invited

8.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ________ for her

examination.

A)To prepare C) preparing

B)To be preparing D) being prepared

9.After _________ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.

A)Being interviewed C) interviewing

B)Interviewed D) having interviewed

10.Having no money but _________ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.

A)Not to want anyone C) wanted no one

B)Not wanting anyone D) to want no one

11.I remember _________ to help us if we ever got into trouble.

A)Once him offering C) him to offer

B)Him once offering D) to offer him

12.Mr. Johnson preferred _________ heavier work to do.

A)To be given C) to have given

B)To be giving D) having given

13.I would appreciate _________ it a secret.

A)Your keeping C) that you keep

B)You to keep D) that you will keep

14.Mark often attempt to escape _________ whenever he breaks traffic regulations

A)Having been fined C) to be fined

B)To have been fined D) being fined

15.No matter how frequently __________, the works of Beethoven always attract large audience.

A)Performing C) to be performed

B)Performed D) being performed

16.If I had remembered _________ the window, the thief would not have got in.

A)To close C) to have closed

B)Closing D) having closed

17.Don’t get your schedule _________; stay with us in this class.

A)To change C) changed

B)Changing D) change

18.There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means ________

trouble.

A)Making C) to have made

B)To make D) having made

19.After Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with

girls as well as boys ________ to go to school.

A)To be encouraged C) being encouraged

B)Been encouraged D) be encouraged

20.The pressure _________ causes(造成)Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a

constant emotional strain(紧张).

A)to complete(竞争) C) to be competed

B)competing D) having competed

21.Your hair wants __________. You’d better have done tomorrow.

A)Cut C) cutting

B)To cut D) being cut

22. As a public relations officer, he is said ________ some very influential people.

A) to have been knowing C) to have known

B) to be knowing D) to know

23. With the development in science and technology man can make various flowers _______

before their time.

A)be bloomed C) bloom

B)Blooming D) bloomed

24. If the building project _________ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.

A) to be completed C) being completed

B) is completed D) completed

八、现在分词与过去分词

1.__________such a good chance, he planned to learn more.

A)To be given C) Having given

B)Having been given D) Giving

2._________with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.

A)When compared C) While comparing

B)Compare D) Comparing

3.The children went there to watch the iron tower _________.

A)To erect C) erecting

B)Be erected D) being erected

4. A new technique __________, the yields(产量) as a whole increased by 20 per cent.

A)Working out C) having been worked out

B)Having worked out D) to have been worked out

5.The speaker, _________ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.

A)Having known C) knowing

B)Being known D) known

6.__________ as it was at such a time, his work attract much attention.

A)Being published C) Publishing

B)Published D) To be published

7.__________, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than

man whose command of language is poor.

A)Other things being equal C) To be equal to other things

B)Were other things equal D) Other things to be equal

8.They are considering _________ before the prices go up.

A)Of buying the house C) buying the house

B)With buying the house D) to buy the house

9. The president promised to keep all the board members ________ of how the negotiations

were going on.

A) informed B) inform C) be informed D) informing

10. All the tasks _______ ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week.

A) had been fulfilled C) having been fulfilled

B) were fulfilled D) been fulfilled

11. ________ in the United States, St. Louis has now become the 24th largest city.

A) The fourth biggest city it was C) Being the fourth biggest city

B) Once the fourth biggest city D) It was once the fourth biggest city

12. I don’t mind ________ the decision as long as it is not too late.

A) you to delay making C) your delaying to make

B) you delaying making D) you delay to make

13. Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it

________ in Cuba.

A) being cultivated B) been cultivated C) having cultivated D) cultivating

14. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience ________ on benches, chairs or boxes.

A) having seated B) seating C) seated D) having been seated

15. Wouldn’t you rather your child _________ t bed early?

A) go B) went C) would go D) goes

16. ________ in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so disappointing.

A) To look at B) Looking at C) Looked at D) To be looked at

17. Sometimes children have trouble ________ fact from fiction and may believe that such things

actually exist.

A) to separate B) separating C) for separating D) of separating

18. He wan’st appointed chairman of the committee, __________ not very popular with all its

members.

A) to be considered B) considering C) being considered D) having considered

19. Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when _______ alone.

A) seen B) is seen C) to be seen D) having been seen

20. All flights _________ because of the terrible weather, they had to go there by train.

A) having been canceled B) had been canceled

C) having canceled D) were canceled

21. The boy spent as much time watching TV as he ________ studying.

A) does B) had C) was D) did

22. Ann never dreams of _________ for her to be sent abroad very soon.

A) there being a chance B) there to be a chance

C) there be a chance D) being a chance

23. He gives people the impression _________ all his life abroad.

A) of having spent B) to have spent C) of being spent D) to spend

24. All things _________, the planned trip will have to be called off.

A) considered B) be considered C) considering D) having considered

25. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute __________.

A) being settled B) to be settled C) had settled D) as settled

26. _________ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the

earth.

A) Having believed B) Believing C) Believed D) Being believed

27. If correct someone, I will do it with as much good humor and self-restraint as I were the one

________

A) to correct B) correcting C) having corrected D) being corrected

28. The traditional approach _______ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller,

more easily managed problems.

A) to dealing B) in dealing C) dealing D) to deal

29. The ancient Egyptians are supposed ________ rockets to the moon.

A) to send B) to be sending C) to have sent D) to have been sending

30. _________ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.

A) The girl was educated B) The girl educated

C) The girl’s being educated D) The girl to be educated

31. The speech which he made ________ the project has bothered me greatly.

A) being concerned B) concerned C) be concerned D) concerning

32. All flights _________ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do noting but take .

the train

A) had been canceled B) have been canceled

C) were canceled D) having been canceled

33. I have heard both teachers and students ________ well of him.

A) to speak B) spoken C) to have spoken D) speak

34. The house was very quiet, ________ as it was on the side of a mountain.

A) isolated B) isolating C) being isolated D) having been isolated

35. I’ll never forget _________ you for the first time.

A) to meet B) meeting C) to have met D) having to be meeting

36. That young man still denies ________ the fire behind the store.

A) start B) to start C) having started D) to have stared

37. _________ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships

Totaling $ 21, 000.

A) Judged the best B) Judging the best

C) To be judged the best D) Having judged the best

38. I’d rather have a roo m of my own, however small it is, than _________ a room with

someone else.

A) share B) to share C) sharing D) to have shared

39. So many directors ________, the board meeting had to be put off.

A) were absent B) been absent C) had been absent D) being absent

40. The bank is reported in the local newspaper _________ in broad daylight yesterday.

A) being robbed B) having been robbed C) to have been robbed D) robbed

41. No one had told Smith about ________ a lecture the following day.

A) there being B) there be C) there would be D) there was

英语四级必看英语语法(全)

all the same 仍然,照样的as regards 关于,至于anything but 根本不as a matter of fact 实际上 apart from 除...外(有/无) as a rule 通常,照例 as a result(of) 因此,由于as far as ...be concerned 就...而言as far as 远至,到...程度as for 至于,关于 as follows 如下as if 好像,仿怫 as good as 和...几乎一样as usual 像平常一样,照例 as to 至于,关于all right 令人满意的;可以 as well 同样,也,还as well as 除...外(也),即...又

aside from 除...外(还有) at a loss 茫然,不知所措 at a time 一次,每次at all 丝毫(不),一点也不 at all costs 不惜一切代价at all events 不管怎样,无论如何at all times 随时,总是at any rate 无论如何,至少 at best 充其量,至多at first 最初,起先 at first sight 乍一看,初看起来at hand 在手边,在附近 at heart 内心里,本质上at home 在家,在国内 at intervals 不时,每隔... at large 大多数,未被捕获的 at least 至少at last 终于 at length 最终,终于at most 至多,不超过

at no time 从不,决不by accident 偶然 at one time 曾经,一度;同时at present 目前,现在 at sb’s disposal 任...处理at the cost of 以...为代价 at the mercy of 任凭...摆布at the moment 此刻,目前 at this rate 照此速度 at times 有时,间或back and forth 来回地,反复地 back of 在...后面before long 不久以后 beside point 离题的,不相干的beyond question 毫无疑问by air 通过航空途径by all means 尽一切办法,务必 by and by 不久,迟早by chance 偶然,碰巧

小黄书日语初级上语法汇总

基本句式： 1、判断句：～は～です。（だ） ～は～でした。（だった） ～は～ではありません。（ではない） ～は～ではありませんでした。（ではなかった） 　～は～ですか。 2、疑问句：～は～ですか。（一般疑问句）　 ～は（疑问词）ですか。（特殊疑问句） 疑问词：何、誰（どなた）、どれ、どの～、どこ、どちら??? 3、存在句：～に～があります/います。 ～は～にあります/います。 ～はどこにあります/いますか＝～はどこですか。（疑问句）4、叙述句：～に＋動詞 ～から～まで＋動詞 ～は～で～に（へ）行きます/帰ります ～は～から来ました ～は～で～を＋動詞 ～は～に～をあげます ～は～に/から～をもらいます

动词： 一段动词、五段动词、サ变动词、カ变动词（连用形1、连用形2）连用形1:＋ます/ません/ました/ませんでした ＋ませんか/ましょう ＋たい（たがる） ＋方 连用形2：＋て ＋てから ＋てください ＋ている ＋てはいけない ＋てもいい ＋た ＋たことがある ＋たほうがいい ＋た後

未然形：＋ないでください ＋なくてもいいです ＋ないほうがいいです ＋なければなりません（ないといけません）基本型：＋ことができる/できません ＋ことです（形式体言） ＋ことがある ＋前に

形容词/形容动词/名词： 1、て形 2、～は/が～くなる（になる） ～を～くする（にする） 3、～（な/の）ほうがいいです 比较句型： 1、比较级：～は～より～です。 ～より～のほうが～です。 ～と～どちらが～ですか。 ～は～ほど～（否定）です。2、最高级：～（の中）で～が一番～です。 ～（の中）で～一番～は～です。

初一英语语法知识点总结归纳

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