中考英语一轮复习阅读理解(讲义及答案)附解析

中考英语一轮复习阅读理解(讲义及答案)附解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and morden communication means （工具）. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even heart it.

Man has been polluting the earth. The more people have, the more pollution becomes. Many years ago, the problem was nor so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true.

Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.

Air pollution is still the most serious. It's bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution, Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.

Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air. Pollution by sulfur dioxide （So2） is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. We are sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.

The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must pay attention to the rise in pollution at the same time.

（1）According the passage, _______, our world is becoming much smaller.

A. because of the rise in pollution

B. thanks to science development

C. because the earth is being polluted day and night

D. because the earth is blowing away by the wind every year

（2）Hundreds of years ago, life was _______it is today.

A. as easy as

B. much easier than

C. as hard as

D. much harder than （3）In paragraph 1, the underlined word "it" means ___________.

A. rubbish

B. noise pollution

C. air pollution

D. water pollution

（4）Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.

B. The pollution of the earth grows as fast as the world pollution does.

C. The problem of pollution is not so serious because there are not so many people living on the earth.

D. If people could go to work by bus or by bike instead of car or motorbike, it would be helpful in fighting against the problem of SO2.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：污染是当今的主要问题，主要是人类的活动所造成，人越多，污染越严重，我了减少污染，很多国家制定了法律或采取了措施来减少污染。比如禁止家庭或者工厂烧煤等等。

（1）细节理解题，根据 he world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and morden communication means （工具）. 可知是因为科技的发展使世界变得更小了，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据 Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, 可知现在比原来的生活容易了，也就是过去的生活比较艰难，故答案是D。

（3）代词指代题，根据 heart it，可知这是一种能听到的污染，所以说是噪声污染，故答案是B。

（4）正误判断题，根据 Many years ago, the problem was nor so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. 可知许多年前人少污染不严重，但是现在不是这样了，人多了，污染也很严重了，所以C的叙述是错误的，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及到了细节理解题，代词指代题和正误判断题。细节理解题相对简单，一般可以直接从文中找到答案或者解题依据。代词指代题需要认真阅读结合具体语境猜测代词指代的是什么。正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据短文内容进行正误判定。

2．阅读理解

Nowadays lots of kids are at home alone after school. Are you one of them? Kids who regularly take care of themselves are called "latchkey kids".

This nickname got its start in the 1940s. Many men fought in the Second World War and women had to take jobs in factories to keep the country going. With both parents away, lots of kids went back to empty houses after school. Latchkey kids wore house keys around their necks and they used the keys to open doors.

Today, it's common for both parents to work. As a result, a new generation of kids are spending some time alone after school. It becomes necessary for both parents and kids to make some rules. There are a lot of questions to talk about:

Should you call your mum, or dad as soon as you get home?

Should you do your homework first?

Can you watch TV or play computer games? If so, how long?

What can you eat if you want a snack?

Can friends come over? If so, how many?

……

As latchkey kids, knowing how to stay safe is just as important as following the family rules. Talk about the following questions with your parents:

What should you do when the phone rings?

What should you do if someone knocks at the door?

What should you do if someone breaks into the house?

What should you do if you cut yourself while cooking?

……

You may feel when you are at home alone. Don't worry. Keeping yourself busy is helpful. There are many things which can make you feel that time goes by quickly:

●Read a magazine. ●Write an email. ●Phone a friend.

（1）Latchkey kids _________________.

A. like collecting keys

B. live with their grandparents

C. have part-time jobs in factories

D. regularly stay at home alone after school

（2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give to latchkey kids?

A. Two

B. Three

C. Four

D. Five

（3）Which of the following can be put in " "?

A. Can you have your hair cut?

B. Should you go to school on foot?

C. Can you go out? If so, where?

D. Can you ask teachers for help at school?

（4）Which of the following can be put in " "?

A. bored

B. excited

C. relaxed

D. pleased

（5）The writer probably agrees that __________.

A. there's no need to make family rules

B. latchkey kids should learn to protect themselves

C. time passes slowly when latchkey kids are busy

D. parents should never leave their kids alone at home

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了独自在家的孩子，在家时应该怎么做。

（1）细节题。根据 Nowadays lots of kids are at home alone after school. Are you one of them? Kids who regularly take care of themselves are called "latchkey kids 现在许多孩子放学后独自在家。你是他们中的一员吗？经常照顾自己的孩子被称为“钥匙孩子” 可知, 钥匙儿童放学后经常独自呆在家里，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 Read a magazine. ●Write an email. ●Phone a friend 阅读杂志。●写一封电子邮件。●给朋友打电话知, 作者给了钥匙儿童3个建议，故选B。

（3）推理题。根据 Can friends come over? If so, how many? ，可知你能出去吗？如果是，在哪里 Can you go out? If so, where? 适合放在横线处，都是条件状语从句的省略形式，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据 Don't worry. Keeping yourself busy is helpful. 别担心。让自己忙碌是有帮助的可知,此处是个负面情绪的形容词，A无聊的，B激动的，C放松的，D高兴的，bored 适合放在横线处，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据 As latchkey kids, knowing how to stay safe is just as important as following the family rules 作为钥匙儿童，知道如何保持安全和遵守家庭规则一样重要可知，钥匙儿童应该学会保护自己，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

I believe that we can have an important effect on anyone we meet. The right words at just the right time could change someone's life. When I was three years old, my parents discovered I was deaf. After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf children, they decided to put me in a normal school.

On my first day in the school, the other kids made fun of me because of my hearing aid. And then I saw myself as an ugly kid.

Mrs. Jordan, my teacher changed all of that with a simple three-word phrase. One morning, she asked the class a question. I read her lips（嘴唇） and raised my hand right away. She called me. I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs. Jordan's question.

I will never forget what happened next. Mrs. Jordan pointed directly at me. With a big smile she cried,

"That's right, Stephen! "For the first time in my young life, my confidence soared（剧增）.At that moment, I decided that no matter how many difficulties I may face, I can overcome（克服）them. Just from those three simple words, my life changed from that moment.

When I was three years old, my parents discovered I was deaf. After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf children, they decided to put me in a normal school.

On my first day in the school, the other kids made fun of me because of my hearing aid. And then I saw myself as an ugly kid.

Mrs. Jordan, my teacher changed all of that with a simple three-word phrase. One morning, she asked the class a question. I read her lips（嘴唇） and raised my hand right away. She called me. I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs. Jordan's question.

I will never forget what happened next. Mrs. Jordan pointed directly at me. With a big smile she cried, "That's right, Stephen!" For the first time in my young life, my confidence soared（剧增）. At that moment, I decided that no matter how many difficulties I may face, I can overcome （克服） them. Just from those three simple words, my life changed from that moment.

（1）The writer felt when he answered the question.

A. excited

B. happy

C. afraid

D. nervous

（2）What is TRUE about the writer?

A. He often made fun of his classmates.

B. He didn't have confidence in himself.

C. He was outgoing and could learn quickly.

D. He got along very well with his classmates.

（3）What did the writer want to tell us in the story?

A. It's the teachers' duty to help students build their confidence.

B. The right words at the right time can make a difference.

C. Being deaf doesn't mean being less important than others.

D. We need to prove ourselves when we are given a chance.

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A. We Should Be Confident

B. Mrs. Jordan Is My Teacher

C. The Words That Changed My Life

D. The Deaf Boy Has a Good Chance

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个不自信的听力障碍孩子，因为老师的一句话改变了她的生活。

（1）细节理解题，根据 I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs. Jordan's question. 可知，当作者回答问题的时候很紧张。故答案是D。

（2）逻辑推理题，根据 For the first time in my young life, my confidence soared（剧增）可知，作者第一次增加了自信。可知原来是没有自信的。故答案是B。

（3）细节理解题，根据 The right words at just the right time could change someone's life. 可知，作者想告诉我们的是，正确的时间正确的语言可以改变一个人的生活。故答案是B。（4）标题判断题，文章主要讲述老师的一句话对作者的改变。故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题涉及到了细节理解题，标题判断题，逻辑推理题三种题型，细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案，标题判断需要充分理解文章的意思，提炼中心，凝练句式得到正确答案。逻辑推理题则需要根据关键句进行科学严谨的推理得出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

On Miriam's 9th birthday two years ago, her aunt, who lives in Kenya（肯尼亚）, gave money to a group that cares for elephants to celebrate Miriam's birthday. Then Miriam and her mother visited Africa to learn how the group was helping elephants. Later, Miriam fell in love with the animals and wanted to help save them.

A few months after visiting Africa, Miriam watched How I Became an Elephant, a film about the mistreatment of elephants in Thailand, and a young girl's effort to save them. Miriam decided she wanted to raise money to save elephants.

Last year, Miriam created a program called They Deserve（应得） to Be Free after seeing how young elephants are abused in Thailand. She learned how people take a baby elephant, don't give it food or water for days and beat it hard. "It made me really sad. I need to do something useful." Miriam said.

Miriam is working to make money for Elephant Nature Park in Thailand. She asked her friends to give money to the park rather than giving her birthday gifts.

She recently joined about 12 other students in an art center. They made elephants from clay and decorated（装饰） them. Then she created a plan to sell clay elephants.

Kate, Miriam's art teacher, opened her art studio（工作室）to Miriam and her friends on weekends so they could make clay elephants. She even gave them the clay." It's great to see a young student wanting to spend her time on something meaningful. This is what we should all work towards," Kate said.

Miriam says she has sold 180 clay elephants worth 2, 000 dollars, and all of that money has been sent to Elephant Nature Park in Thailand.

（1）Miriam went to Africa to ________.

A. join a group

B. visit her aunt

C. help save elephants

D. learn about the group （2）The underlined word "abused" in Paragraph 3 means .

A. 虐待

B. 杀害

C. 训练

D. 饲养（3）Which of the following is TRUE about Kate from the passage?

A. She was probably very proud of Miriam.

B. She taught Miriam to make clay elephants.

C. She spent time selling clay elephants with Miriam.

D. She was worried that Miriam's plan wouldn't work.

（4）The best title for the passage is probably .

A. Elephants Are in Great Danger

B. Care for Animals, Care for Earth

C. 11-year-old Fights to Save Elephants

D. Protect Animals-Duty of Everyone

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一个有爱心，为了大象做了很多事情的女孩。

（1）细节题。根据 Then Miriam and her mother visited Africa to learn how the group was helping elephants 可知米里亚姆访问了非洲，为了了解该组织，故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。根据 Miriam created a program called They Deserve（应得） to Be Free after seeing how young elephants are abused in Thailand. She learned how people take a baby elephant, don't give it food or water for days and beat it hard 可知abused，虐待，故选A。（3）推理题。根据 She even gave them the clay." It's great to see a young student wanting to

spend her time on something meaningful. This is what we should all work towards," Kate said 可知Kate为，Miriam感到骄傲，故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据本文介绍了一个有爱心，为了大象做了很多事情的女孩，可知标题适合是11-year-old Fights to Save Elephants 11岁的孩子为了拯救大象而战斗，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解

Swimming and English Learning Can you swim? Do you like swimming? Yes? Well, how can you learn to swim? I think the best way is to go into the water and learn. I'm afraid you'll never learn to swim just by reading books about swimming or looking at others swimming. It's the same with the English study. We must practice, practice and practice.

Listening and speaking are very important for beginners. The children in English-speaking countries first listen to others. Then they try to imitate and speak. We can listen to English programs on radio. You may just understand a few words. It doesn't matter. Just be relaxed, try to catch every word.

Somebody may be a good listener. But he dare not speak. He's afraid of making mistakes. You know we sometimes make mistakes when we speak Chinese. Don't be afraid. We must be brave. If you really want to learn English well, you must try to speak with everyone so long as he knows English. Whether you know him or not is not important. When there's nobody to talk with, you can talk to yourself in English. It's interesting and also a good way to practice your spoken English. Remember, the more you speak, the fewer mistakes you'll make.

Reading and writing are more important for senior school students. First we must choose the books we're interested in. A lot of reading will improve your language sense. This is the most important.

Keep writing English diaries. We can also write English articles. You may even post them to English magazines. Don't be afraid of failure. Failure is the mother of success.

Easier said than done. Well, let's do more practice from now on. I'm sure you'll learn English well in this way.

（1）You can learn to swim by ______.

A. reading books about it

B. looking at others swimming

C. having lessons on it

D. going into the river and learning

（2）We should learn English by ______.

A. listening and speaking

B. reading and writing

C. A and B

D. swimming

（3）What will you do with mistakes when you speak?

A. Don't make mistakes.

B. Study hard.

C. Try not to speak English.

D. Don't be afraid.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了几个如何学好英语的几个方法。

（1）细节题。根据 I think the best way is to go into the water and learn 可知学游泳最好的办法是下水学习，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 Listening and speaking are very important for beginners. 和 Reading and writing are more important for senior school students 可知我们应该通过听说读写来学英语，故选C。

（3）推理题。根据 Don't be afraid of failure. Failure is the mother of success 可知当你说话时不要怕犯错，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题2种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文。

6．阅读理解

Students in Kenya are returning for their third term. They begin their school year in January and it is broken up into three terms. In Kenya, in the past, students were not required to attend school and the education was not free, either.

I taught math, English and physics at Chamasiri Secondary School while I was a teacher in Kenya. This school had four classrooms ﹣one for each grade, Form 1, Form 2, Form 3 and Form 4. They are the equivalent（对等） to our 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades. Teachers traveled from classroom to classroom instead of the students going from room to room. The Form I class had 60 students, Form 2 had 45, Form 3 had 30, and Form 4 about 12 students. The class sizes became smaller as the grades continued on. Why did this happn? Many families were very poor and could not afford the school fees（学费）.

Most countryside schools in Kenya did not have a lot of money. As a result, there were very few textbooks for the students to use. I had seven math texts for my Form 2 class and 14 for the Form I class. Anything the students needed to know was put up on the blackboard and the students copied it down into their notebooks. The notebooks became the students' textbooks.

Kenyan students study ten different subject areas. Some of the students spend over an hour running home. They do chores at home and hopefully manage to find some time to study before it gets dark. Most families do not have electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by.

Luckily, Kenyan education has been becoming better and better in the past few years. I'm sure it will have a good future.

（1）Which grade does Form 3 refer to（指的是） in the writer's country？

A. Grade 9.

B. Grade 10.

C. Grade 11.

D. Grade 12.

（2）Why did the notebooks become the students' textbooks？

A. The students did not pay the schools.

B. The schools couldn't afford the textbooks.

C. The students preferred to use their notebook.

D. The teachers asked the students to take notes.

（3）Why do some students run home from school？

A. They aren't allowed to stay at school.

B. They don't like studying in the school.

C. They hope to have more time to study.

D. They want to get candles in the stores.

（4）According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE？

A. In Kenya, a school year has three terms.

B. The Form I class had the most students.

C. Each family has electricity in Kenya.

D. Kenyan education has been improving.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍Chamasiri Secondary School的情况，这个学校有四个班，一个年级一个班，到这里来就读的学生一般都是穷人家的孩子，学生在这学习10门科目。（1）细节理解题。根据Form 1， Form 2， Form 3 and Form 4. They are the equivalent（对等） to our 9th， 10th， 11th and 12th grades. 第一组、第二组、第三组和第四组，他们分别对应9、10、11、12年级，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据Most countryside schools in Kenya did not have a lot of money. 肯尼亚的大多乡村学校没有很多钱，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据Some of the students spend over an hour running home. They do chores at home and hopefully manage to find some time to study before it gets dark. Most families do not have electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by. 一些学生花费一个多小时跑回家，他们在家做家务并希望天黑之前找到一些时间去学习，大多家庭没有电，甚至没有蜡烛供孩子们学习用，因此孩子们跑回家是为了有更多的时间学习，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。题目问以下哪一个选项是不对的，根据Most families do not have electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by.可知，大多家庭没有电，甚至没有蜡烛供孩子们学习用。C选项意为肯尼亚的每个家庭都有电，与原文不符，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案。

7．阅读理解

Last weekend, I took Lucy to a park, where she discovered a track with large bumps（凸块）and sharp tums. At first, I thought Lucy was able to ride her bike along the track, but she quickly found that her bike was too low to the ground and kept getting stuck on top of the bump.

Lucy looked at me with fear because she was still a biking newbie. I tried to encourage her too, but really, I was thinking﹣this is going to be a disaster. Not because I thought she would get hurt. More because I thought she wouldn't be able to pick up enough speed to balance, then get really

discouraged, and give up quickly. I imagined her throwing her bicycle to the ground and then crying all the way home.

But I was only half right. Lucy did have a lot of trouble riding the bike. She couldn't find her balance. She fell many times. At one point, she almost started crying because younger kids were getting angry that she was slowing everyone else down. But she did not give up. She kept picking herself up and trying again. She even took the bike off the track and into the main park to practice pushing off and picking up speed on a flat ground. When she felt more confident, she came back. Then she did it over and over again until she finally reached her goal of going around the whole track without falling once. Then she didn't want to leave and everyone was cheering her on.

This was not a day that ended in a disaster. It was a day when Lucy learned that perseverance pays off.

（1）Why was Lucy taken to the park last weekend？

A. TO play other kids.

B. To discover a track for fun.

C. To find her speed was too slow.

D. To ride her bike along the track.

（2）What does the underlined sentence probably mean in Paragraph 2？

A. Lucy would get hurt and cry all the way home.

B. Lucy would fear to ride the bike and get discouraged.

C. Lucy would lose balance and slow the younger kids down.

D. Lucy would have trouble riding the bike and give up soon.

（3）What did Lucy take the bike into the main park for ?

A. Being cheered on by everyone.

B. Getting practice in an easier way.

C. Feeling more confident and coming back.

D. Reaching her goal of riding the bike at once.

（4）Which one is the right order of the events?

a. Lucy fell and got up lots of times.

b. Lucy picked up speed on a flat ground.

C. Lucy found her bike was too low for the bumps.

d. Lucy rode her bike around the whole track without falling onc

e.

A. a﹣b﹣c﹣d.

B. c﹣b﹣a﹣d.

C. c﹣a﹣b﹣d.

D. a﹣C﹣b﹣d.（5）What is the best title of the passage？

A. Playing in the Park Is Fun

B. Perseverance Pays off

C. Don't Be Afraid of Fall in

D. Riding Bikes Is Art

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：上周末，我带露西去了一个公园，起初，我以为露西能沿着跑道骑自行车，但她很快发现她的自行车离地太低，一直卡在颠簸的路面上。因为她还是

个骑自行车的新手，我认为她很快就放弃了。但我只对了一半。露西骑自行车确实有很多困难。她找不到平衡。她摔倒了很多次。有一次，她几乎哭了起来，但她没有放弃。她不断地振作起来，再试一次。这不是以灾难告终的一天。有一天，露西知道坚持是有回报的。

（1）细节理解题。根据At first, I thought Lucy was able to ride her bike along the track, but she quickly found that her bike was too low to the ground and kept getting stuck on top of the bump. 可知，起初，我以为露西可以沿着赛道骑车，但她很快发现她的自行车离地太低，一直卡在隆起的路面上。可知是去骑自行车，故答案是D。

（2）句意猜测题。根据 I imagined her throwing her bicycle to the ground and then crying all the way home.可知我想象着她把自行车扔到地上，然后一路哭回家，可知意思是露西骑自行车有困难，很快就放弃了，故答案是D。

（3）细节理解题。根据 She even took the bike off the track and into the main park to practice pushing off and picking up speed on a flat ground. 可知她甚至把自行车从跑道上带到主公园练习在平坦的地面上推开和加速。可知是为了以更简单的方式进行练习，故答案是B。（4）细节排序题。根据第一段but she quickly found that her bike was too low to the ground and kept getting stuck on top of the bump但她很快发现她的自行车离地太低，一直卡在颠簸的顶部。第三段第二行She fell many times她摔了很多次；第三段中间She even took the bike off the track and into the main park to practice pushing off and picking up speed on a flat ground。她甚至把自行车从跑道上带到主公园练习在平坦的地面上推开和加速。第三段最后and over again until she finally reached her goal of going around the whole track without falling once，又一次，直到她最终达到了自己的目标，在整个赛道上不摔倒一次，故答案是C。

（5）标题判断题。根据：It was a day when Lucy learned that perseverance pays off. 这一天露西知道坚持是有回报的，可知答案是B.

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、句意猜测题，细节排序题和标题判断题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；句义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定句子的意思；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，总结中心思想，凝练句式，最终确定答案。

8．阅读理解

"I am a selfish child.

I hope the sunshine lies only upon me, so I can feel its warmth.

I am a selfish child.

I hope there is a corner of the world that can comfortable for me when I am sad,

I am a selfish child.

I hope my mom belongs only to me, so I can enjoy the sweetness of love. "

This poem was written by a middle school student in a lonely mountains town in Yunnan Province during her first poetry class. The girl missed her mother, who died when she was 5. Kang Yu, the teacher who taught the girl how to write the poem, graduated from Renmin University of China in Beijing in 2015. Soon after her gradation, Kang moved to a town in Yunnan, and worked as a teacher at a middle school there.

Kang said, "Compared with students in the city, perhaps students in the countryside need a way to express their feelings and be heard more." Supported by the headmaster and other teachers, the school held eight poetry classes for students every year.

As the classes grew in popularity, Kang became the school's favourite teacher. After she finished her teaching at the school in June 2017, she returned m Beijing and planned to study abroad.

However, on Teachers' Day in 2017, Kang received a big box full of poems and Letters written by students at her old school. She felt she was needed and decided to abandon her plan of studying abroad. Instead, she set up Enlighten our Future, a charity that reaches students in the countryside how to write poems.

"Now, I go to several places every week I sleep less than six hours a night and the job provides no vacations and little money, but the happiness and satisfaction I feel is rewarding enough." Kang said.

（1）What's the poem about at the beginning of the passage?

A. A world which is full or love.

B. A mother who misses her child.

C. A child who is in need of mother's love.

D. A child who can feel the sun's warmth.

（2）What's the meaning of the underlined word "abandon"?

A. work out

B. carry out

C. give up

D. make up

（3）Which of the Following information is TRUE according m the passage?

A. Kang ever worked at a school named Enlighten our Future.

B. The school held eight poetry classes for students every term.

C. Kang said she was doing a well-paid job and had some vacations.

D. Before Kang set up the charity, she taught in Yunnan for about two years.

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：康玉毕业于中国人们大学，毕业后去了云南的一个小镇在那里当一个中学老师，她觉得和城市的孩子相比，他们更需要一种方式来表达自己的情感。让更多的人倾听他们的心声。于是她在这所学校里每年给孩子们上八节诗歌课。为了这些孩子她放弃了出国学习的计划。她成立了一个叫“点亮未来”的公益组织，教给孩子们如何写诗。

（1）细节理解题。根据This poem was written by a middle school student in a lonely mountains town in Yunnan Province during her first poetry class. The girl missed her mother, who died when she was 5.可知这首诗表达了女孩对母亲的思念和渴望得到母爱。故选C。

（2）词意猜测题。根据Instead, she set up Enlighten our Future, a charity that reaches students in the countryside how to write poems.可知她放弃了出国计划。work out算出；carry out实行；give up放弃；make up组成，故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据Kang Yu, the teacher who taught the girl how to write the poem, graduated from Renmin University of China in Beijing in 2015. Soon after her gradation, Kang moved to a town in Yunnan, and worked as a teacher at a middle school there.和After she finished her teaching at the school in June 2017, she returned m Beijing and planned to study abroad.和However, on Teachers' Day in 2017, Kang received a big box full of poems and Letters written by students at her old school. She felt she was needed and decided to abandon her plan of studying abroad. Instead, she set up Enlighten our Future, a charity that

reaches students in the countryside how to write poems. 2015年毕业后她来到这个学校，2017年7月回到北京，2017年教师节收到孩子们来信，她放弃出国机会成立公益组织，可知在成立公益组织前她在云南教学两年，故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。这个阅读理解涉及细节理解，词意猜测和推理判断题。对于细节理解题，可直接词文章中找出问题答案。对于词意猜测题根据上下文的联系确定单词在文章中的意思，对于推理判断题，要仔细阅读短文，根据短文的细节推理判断问题的正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Is a nearby neighbour better than a faraway cousin? An American lady, Anna Lane, believes it's true. Her kind neighbours once helped her out when she was in a big trouble.

Mrs. Lane was living alone in a city in Texas, US. The woman in her 70s could do a lot of housework herself. However, she was too old to mow（修剪）her lawn（草坪）. Then a big trouble found her. She let the grass grow over 18 inches high and it broke the law in her city. As a result, she was in danger of paying lots of money or even going to prison!

Luckily, her neighbours, the Adams brothers, heard the news about her on TV. They decided to do something to help. "We haven't met her yet, but she's 75 years old and she needs some help, "said Sam Adams, one of the boys. "That's the least we could do."

The Adams brothers took their mowers（修剪机）and came to Mrs. Lane's house to mow her lawn without telling her. Once they got started, other neighbours saw what was going on and joined in the effort.

Together they worked hard in the sun and finished mowing the whole lawn in about two hours. When Mrs. Lane saw what her neighbours did for her, she was surprised and moved to tears（感动得落泪）. "I cannot believe this," she said. "They were so kind to spend two hours helping me and I didn't even know their names." As for the Adams brothers, they said they would always be ready to help her.

（1）What can we know about Mrs. Lane?

A. She was 70 years old.

B. She could not do her housework.

C. She was living with her children.

D. She could not cut the grass on the lawn.

（2）Mrs. Lane was in danger of going to prison because .

A. she broke the education law in her city

B. the grass on her lawn was over 18 inches high

C. the news about her on TV was made up by her

D. she didn't pay enough money to her neighbours

（3）Who mowed the lawn?

A. The Adams brothers.

B. Sam Adams and Mrs. Lane.

C. The Adams brothers and Mrs. Lane.

D. The Adams brothers and other neighbours.（4）Which of the following is true?

A. The Adams brothers knew Mrs. Lane very well.

B. Mrs. Lane knew some of her neighbours' names.

C. Mrs. Lane didn't expect her neighbours would help her.

D. The Adams brothers used Mrs. Lane's mowers to cut the grass.

（5）The best title（题目）for the passage would be .

A. Good neighbours

B. A serious city law

C. A beautiful garden

D. Humorous brothers

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

（5）A

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要通过Adam兄弟和邻居帮助Lane女士的故事来说明一句谚语——远亲不如近邻。

（1）细节题。根据第二段 However, she was too old to mow（修剪）her lawn（草坪）. 可知，Lane女士没办法修剪草坪上的草。故选D。

（2）细节题。根据第二段 She let the grass grow over 18 inches high and it broke the law in her city. As a result, she was in danger of paying lots of money or even going to prison! 她让草长到18寸，这破坏了她城市的法律。因此，她有要支付大量金钱或者进监狱的危险。可知Lane女士有可能进监狱是因为她家草坪的草高于18寸。故选B。

（3）细节题。根据第四段 Once they got started, other neighbours saw what was going on and joined in the effort. 他们一开始，其他的邻居看到了发生的事并加入了，可知参与除草的人有Adam兄弟和其他邻居。故选D。

（4）推断题。根据第五段When Mrs. Lane saw what her neighbours did for her, she was surprised and moved to tears（感动得落泪）. 当Lane女士看到她的邻居们为她做的事，她很惊讶并感动得落泪，可知Lane女士没有想到邻居们会帮她。故选C。

（5）最佳标题题。通读全文可知，短文过Adam兄弟和邻居帮助Lane女士的故事来说明“远亲不如近邻”的道理，因此好邻居是最佳标题。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

10．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

Sore necks are very common these days. How to avoid a sore neck? Here are the things you should know.

●Take precautions （预防措施） after an unusual activity. Many people report having a pain in their necks after doing something that they don't often do, such as a new exercise or packing and moving.

If you know you've done something that puts you a risk, massage （按摩） your neck , do it with different exercises and take a warm bath before bed.

●Make sure your workstation is correct. If you work long hours at a desk you may want to make sure that your work environment is set up to be the most relaxing. Make sure that your body is being treated right.

Keep your feet on the floor. This will often depend on how high your chair is, so adjust （调整） it in time to achieve good results.

●Change your posture often. Sitting in one position for long periods of time is nor healthy. Sit with your back straight for most of the rime. Take a 5-minute break if you can and walk around every hour.

●Exercise. Find something—swimming, running or climbing—that makes you excited and feel alive. Make it into a usual way. Your body will feel better and your mind will feel more relaxed.（1）In Paragraph 5, the underlined word "it" refers to （指） ________.

A. the desk

B. the chair

C. your neck

D. your body

（2）The underlined word "posture" in Paragraph 6 probably means "________" in Chinese.

A. 姿势

B. 方向

C. 方式

D. 状态

（3）________ can avoid a sore back according to the passage.

A. Making your work environment be quiet

B. Sitting with back straight for a moment

C. Packing and moving for a long time

D. Exercising often like swimming or running

（4）After doing something unusual, you may do the following things except ________.

A. doing it with different exercises

B. massaging your neck

C. taking a warm bath before bed

D. looking at your phone for too long

（5）This passage mainly tells us ________.

A. how to do exercise well

B. exercising often is good for people

C. how to avoid a sore neck

D. being healthy is the most important

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了避免脖子疼痛的办法。

（1）推理判断题。根据第五段This will often depend on how high your chair is，so adjust （调整） it in time to achieve good results. .这通常取决于你的椅子多高，所以为了取得好结果调整它，可知此处it指代的是上半句的chair椅子。故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据下文 Sitting in one position for long periods of time is nor healthy. 用一个姿势坐很长一段时间是不健康的，可知要经常改变姿势，因此posture意为“姿势”。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Exercise . Find something—swimming, running or climbing—that makes you excited and feel alive. 运动。找一些——游泳、跑步或攀爬，能让你兴奋和感觉有活力的运动，可知像游泳或者跑步之类的运动可以避免脖子酸痛。故选D。（4）细节理解题。根据第三段If you know you've done something that puts you a risk, massage （按摩） your neck , do it with different exercises and take a warm bath before bed. 如果你知道你已经做了某些把自己置于风险之中的事，你可以按摩你的背，做不通的运动，以及在睡觉前泡一个温水澡，而不是长时间看手机。故选D。

（5）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了如何避免脖子疼痛。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

When Justin Tong was a child, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him doing lots of housework such as carrying out the rubbish and sending newspapers. But when he grew up, he was better off than his childhood friends and lived a happier and healthier life.

This is the finding of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 children in London. It showed that the children who had worked hard in childhood had a richer and a happier future. "Children who worked in the home or community gained competence（能力） and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society," said Daniel Brown, the psychologist（心理学家）who made the discovery. "And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them."

Brown's study followed these children in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Brown, the researchers compared the children's mental-health scores with their childhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.

Working at any age is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence — the underpinnings （基础） of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.

Yet work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, "One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work."（1）What do we know about Justin Tong?

A. He enjoyed a happy life.

B. He felt sorry for the other kids.

C. He always sold newspapers.

D. He seldom collected rubbish.

（2）Who will probably succeed in the future according to Paragraph 2?

A. Children who enjoy happier and richer lives.

B. Children who work in the home or community.

C. Children who take part in Daniel Brown's study.

D. Children who feel good about people around them.

（3）How did Brown follow the children in his study?

A. By giving housework and praise.

B. By interviewing and giving scores.

C. By setting goals and showing love.

D. By solving problems and testing them.

（4）What's the purpose of the passage?

A. To talk about an interesting study.

B. To introduce Justin Tong's success.

C. To tell us about childhood activities.

D. To encourage children to work hard.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了童年时努力工作的孩子有一个更富裕、更幸福的未来，并且鼓励孩子们努力工作。

（1）细节题：根据"he was better off…and lived a happier and healthier life",可知，贾斯汀·汤过着幸福的生活，故选A。

（2）细节题：根据第二段第二行和第三行 "children who had worked hard in childhood had a richer and a happier future,"和之后的"Children who worked in the home or community competence … feel they were worthwhile"，可知童年时努力工作的孩子们有一个更加富裕和幸福的未来。“在家里或社区工作的孩子获得了能力，故在家或社区工作的孩子将来谁可能会成功，故选B。

（3）细节题：根据Brown's study followed these children in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Brown, the researchers compared the children's mental-health scores with their childhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems布朗的研究非常详细地跟踪了这些孩子。采访在25、31和47岁时重复进行。在布朗的领导下，研究人员比较了孩子们的心理健康分数和他们的童年活动分数。兼职工作、家务、在校努力和处理问题的能力都得了分，可知布朗是通过面试和打分跟踪他书房里的孩子们的，故选B。

（4）主旨题：根据本文介绍了童年时努力工作的孩子有一个更富裕、更幸福的未来，故目的是鼓励孩子们努力工作，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

12．阅读理解

One Thursday afternoon, when I was in Grade 9, a new boy came into my classroom. He was short and thin. He walked up to the teacher and told her, very seriously, that he was new. His name was Christian. He sat down, took a look at me, and then looked away. I didn't think he was very nice and I was sure he wasn't the type I would like to become friends with.

During that year, I didn't talk to him much, but he smiled at me when our eyes met, always shyly. He never ate lunch with anybody, and he never talked to anybody but me.

But one day I joined those unkind kids who were making fun of him. We made fun of him though I thought it was wrong.

"Haven't you got any friends?" a kid asked Christian, who had walked past us alone, head down. "No, he hasn't got any friends. He's too stupid and shy," I said. Then Christian looked up at me with the saddest dog eyes I had ever seen. I felt very sorry at that moment.

That night, I couldn't sleep because I couldn't get Christian's face out of my mind. In the weeks that followed, he never met my eyes in class and never smiled at me. It was really hard for me to decide to write him a note asking him to forgive （原谅） me. But I thought I should.

The next day in class, I wrote him a note telling him how sorry I felt. About five minutes later, I turned and saw tears in his eyes. "You will never realize what your apology （道歉） has meant to me, Jimmy," he said to me. "I hope we can become friends."

We had lunch together that noon and we had the best talk I had ever had. Over the years at high school, we were close friends.

When I think back, I realize that, if I had not apologized, I would never have known what a lovely person Christian was!

Apologies can really change your life, so never miss the chance to tell somebody you are sorry.（1）From the passage, we know Christian was a ________ boy.

A. tall and fat

B. short and shy

C. short and active

D. lovely and fat

（2）Jimmy felt ________ after he made fun of Christian with other unkind kids.

A. happy

B. interested

C. sorry

D. bored

（3）This passage tells us that ________.

A. we should make an apology when we hurt others

B. Jimmy's apology was unimportant to Christian

C. Christian wasn't lovely in fact

D. it is impossible to say sorry to others

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者通过他的亲身经历告诉我们当我们伤害了别人我们应该道歉。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段He was short and thin可知他又矮又瘦再根据第二段During that year, I didn't talk to him much, but he smiled at me when our eyes met, always shyly. 可知在那一年我没有和他说太多们话。当我们的目光相遇时，他总是对我害羞地笑笑。可知Christian是个个头不高而且害羞的男孩。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第五段 I felt very sorry at that moment.可知Jimmly和那些不友好的孩子在嘲笑了Christian之后感到抱歉，故选C。

（3）内容归纳题。根据最后一段Apologies can really chang e your life，so never miss the chance to tell somebody you are sorry."道歉真的可以改变你的生活，所以不要错过任何向别人道歉的机会。“可知作者通过他的亲身经历告诉我们当我们伤害了别人我们应该道歉。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题与主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

13．阅读理解

What can we learn from the special, very successful people in the world who make the impossible possible?

Lesson 1: Ways of creative thinking are needed

Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves because they like to develop their own ways of thinking. They think standard ways of teaching might stop people from being creative and having new ideas.

Lesson 2: The answer might not be what you expect

Find your answers from facts-not start with an expectation of what you will find. Stephen Jacobsen from Northwestern University believed what he was taught: that water on the Earth came from icy comets（封星）or planets which hit into the Earth.

However, by studying a special rock, he discovered that it acts like a sponge. This suggests that the Earth's water may have come from inside, driven to the surface to form the oceans, by geological activities.

"I had a pretty hard time making others believe it," he said." But think about the fact that you may be the first person to see something for the first time that doesn't happen very often. When it does, it's amazing."

Lesson 3: A little luck goes a long way

Years of planning went into a recent achievement in space travel. The European Space Agency's "Philae", a robot landing craft, met up with Comet 67P, which is 480 million kilometres away. The trip from the Earth by "Philae" had taken ten years!

The scientists had no idea what the surface of the comet would be like. If the landing failed, it would be impossible to get information from the spacecraft. Twenty years of work would have been wasted.

When "Philae" tried to land, it bounced（弹起）away from the comet's icy surface twice.

Luckily, however, "Philae" landed successfully and began sending information back to the Earth.（1）Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg didn't finish college because .

A. they preferred to learn by themselves

B. they needed standard ways of teaching

C. their teachers didn't like their new ideas

D. their teachers weren't able to teach them

（2）In Lesson 2, the writer mainly wants to tell us that .

A. we should get answers from facts

B. we can believe what we are taught

C. it's hard to make others believe something

D. an expectation can help get an answer in research

（3）The example "Philae" in Lesson 3 shows that .

A. Comet 67P is not far away from the Earth

B. it took"Philae"20 years to reach Comet 67P

C. "Philae" landed on Comet 67P with a little luck

D. scientists knew nothing about the surface of Comet 67P

（4）The best title for this passage is " ".

A. Ways of discovering

B. Lessons for success

C. Ways of being special

D. Lessons for experiments

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：我们能从世界上那些使不可能的事情成为可能的特别的、非常成功的人身上学到什么呢？第一要有需要创造性思维的方式；第二从事实中找出你的答案，而不是从对你将要找到的东西的期望开始。第三要有一点点运气，从事实中找出你的答案，而不是从对你将要找到的东西的期望开始。

（1）细节理解题，根据Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves可知，比尔盖茨和马克扎克伯格喜欢自学，所以退学，故答案是A。

（2）主旨大意题，根据Find your answers from facts-not start with an expectation of what you will find. 可知，第二课主要说的是要从事实中找答案，故答案是A。

（3）逻辑推理题，根据第三颗主要说的是要有点运气，但是彗星67P上环境如何无人知道，成功与否无人知道，这就需要一点运气了，故答案是C。

（4）标题判断题，根据文章内容可知，这三课都是从成功那里学到的，也是为了成功，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题、标题判断题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；逻辑

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中考英语阅读理解本章综合与测试（解析版）经典1 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文内容选择正确答案。 C Jodie’s Daddy is a Garbageman （垃圾清理工） Mr. Swales wanted to find out what his students’ parents did. He had just called Jodie when some girls burst out laughing. Shirley shouted, “Jodie’s Daddy is a Garbageman!” Everybody in the class laughed out loud, except Jodie. She felt her face turn red. “Silence!” Mr Swales said, “Being a garbagemen is a difficult and useful job. We should all be thankful to Jodie’s father.” Jodie’s father came to walk her home from school as usual, but she didn’t run up to him the way she always did. When they got back home, Jodie went to her room and cried for a long time. Her father came into her room, “What happened, Jodie? Why are you so sad?” Jodie told her father what had happened and looked at him. He didn’t seem angry or hurt. “Well,” he said, “they are right. Being a garbageman is a dirty job. Tomorrow’s Saturday. Come to work with me, Jodie.” The place really smell too go od. Jodie wrinkled her nose. “Don’t worry, kid. In five minutes you won’t smell a thing.” said her father. Everybody there was working hard, and they seemed to have a good time. Jodie’s father handed her a pair of gloves and told her to get the little plastic bags and throw them into the truck. It was fun, but also hard work. Jodie’s arms soom got tired. At last, no more garbage was left and Jodie felt very happy. “Garbage is disgusting, but when we clear it away, everything’s nice and cle an. You can make yourself happy only by making other happy. That’s why I like being a garbageman so much.” Jodie give her dirty, smeely garbageman daddy a big kiss（吻）. She said, “When I grow up, I will be a garbagegirl!” Now whenever someone asks Jodie what her daddy does, she says, “He’s a garbageman! Everybody makes garbage, but my daddy takes it away!” （1）What happened in My Swale’s class? A. He wanted to show what job was the most useful. B. He asked an improper question. C. Jodie gave an honest answer. D. Jodie was laughed at. （2）Why did Jodie’s fathe r take her to his workplace? A. To make Jodie calm down B. To prove how dirty his job was.C To help Jodie learn about his job. C. To help Jodie learn about his job. D. To keep Jodie away from her classmates.