英汉汉英经典翻译
课程名称：翻译理论与实践
本科三年级第二学期汉英/英汉互译选材内容主讲教师苗菊
1．The New Breed of a Digital Planet
Emily Feld is a native of a new planet. While the 20-year-old university student may appear to live in London, she actually spends much of her time in another galaxy out there, in the digital universe of websites, e-mails, text messages and mobile phone calls. The behaviour of Feld and her generation, say expert, is being shaped by digital technology as never before, taking her boldly where no generation has gone before. It may even be the next step in evolution, transforming brains and the way we think.
“One day, I went to meet a friend in town, and was about two minutes away when I realised I’d left my mobile phone at home. I travelled the five miles back to collect it. I felt so completely lost without it, I panicked. I need to have it on me at all times...” That's what makes Emily a “digital native”, one who has never known a world without instant communication.
2．泼水节
The Water-Splashing Day
The Water-splashing Day is the New Year Festival of the Dai nationality. According to the Dai’s calendar, it comes after the Tomb-sweeping Day, someday between April 13th and April 15th.
Splashing water is the main celebrating activity at the New Year Festival of the Dai nationality. People splash water against one another, symbolizing to wash away the whole year’s misfortune and to wish for health and safety in the New Year. There are two ways of splashing water. One is gentle splashing, while the other is free splashing. Gentle splashing is particularly for the elderly. With best wishes, people scoop a ladle of clean water and open the elder’s collar to let the water run down the back. The
elderly who issplashed accept the blessings happily. Whereas free splashing has no fixed form, so that any tool such as ladle, basin and bucket are all allowed to be used. People chase after one another and splash water against each other freely. If one is splashed with more water, one feels all the more happy, for it indicates receiving the most wishes.
3. MNE
The multinational enterprise (MNE), which is also called multinational corporations (MNC), is one of the major actors in the contemporary international arena, and its worldwide operations are now a decisive force in shaping the patterns of trade, investment, and technology flows among nations. The multinational enterprise system has become so important that it is impossible to understand the world economy without an appreciation of the roles of multinational enterprises as producers, investors, traders, and innovators on a global scale. National governments must also take this force seriously because of its impact on domestic production, employment, trade, and the balance of payments. Moreover, many governments view the multinational enterprises as a political threat, representing an intrusion into the national domain by a company which is controlled by a headquarters located in another country. Even in the United States, which is the home country of more than half of the world’s b iggest multinational enterprises, the multinational enterprise has come under growing attack by labor and protectionist groups who charge it with exporting jobs and technology to the detriment of the U.S. economy.
Although multinational enterprise emerged from the world economic arena in the late 19 th century, the multinational enterprise as we know it today developed at an unprecedented speed during the 1950s and 1960s. At that time, dramatic improvements in communications and transportation and the massive liberalization of international trade and payments made it possible for multinational enterprise to operate on a global scale.
跨国企业，也称跨国公司，是当今国际舞台上的主要角色之一。它们的世界性经营活动已经成为各国之间贸易、投资和技术流动格局的决定力量。跨国企业体系在世界经济中的地位日益重要，以至不认识跨国企业在全球范围内发挥的生产者、投资者、贸易商和创新者的作用，就无法理解世界经济。各国政府也必须认真对待这股力量，因为它对各国的生产、就业、贸易和国际收支的影响十分巨大。而且，许多国家的政府把跨国企业视为一种政治威胁，体现的是受设在别国总部控制的公司对自己国土的入侵。甚至在美国，拥有一半以上世界上最大
的跨国企业的国家，跨国企业也受到劳工组织和其他保护主义团体日益增加的攻击，指责它们输出就业机会和技术，危害了美国经济。
19世纪后期，跨国企业就已经出现在世界经济舞台上。但是我们今天所了解的跨国企业却是在本世纪50年代和60年代以前所未有的速度发展起来的。在50、60 年代，通讯和交通奇迹般的改善、国际贸易和支付的大规模自由化，使得跨国企业能够在全球范围内从事经营活动。
4. 我可能是天津人 (侯宝林)
还是从火车上说起吧！大约在我四岁多的时候，我坐过火车。当时带我坐车的人，是我的舅舅，叫张全斌。我记得那时我的打扮挺滑稽的，穿着蓝布大褂、小坎肩，戴瓜皮小帽。那时候，小孩子打扮成那个样子，够不错了。在我的童年中，也就只有过这么一次。在火车上，因为小，没坐过火车，也很少见过家里以外的人，觉得挺新鲜。也许人在幼年时代终归想要些温暖吧！那时舅舅抱着我，哄着我，我觉得很温暖。一路上吃了半斤炒栗子，睡了一会儿觉，就到了北京。根据这个情况，现在估计起来，我可能是从天津来的。我现在对我原来的父母还有个模糊不清的印象，父亲、母亲的形象还能回忆起一点儿，但很模糊。究竟家里姓什么？哪里人？不知道。我只知道自己的生日和乳名。生日是自己长大以后听家里大人说的，是农历十月十五酉时生人。所以我的乳名叫“酉”，北京人爱用儿化韵，前面加个小，后面加“儿”，就叫“小酉儿”。关于我个人的历史情况，我就知道这一些，再多一点都记不起来了。
I might have come from Tianjin.
Hou Baolin
Let me begin with my trip on the train. When I was about four years old I had traveled by train. The man I traveled with was my uncle Zhang Quanbin. I still remember how funny I looked the way I was dressed—in a blue cloth gown with a short sleeveless jacket over it and a skullcap on the head. In those days it was good enough for small kids to be dressed like that. However, it was my only experience to boast about in my childhood. As I had never traveled by train or met anyone outside my family before, I felt everything on the train was new to me. Probably in childhood, one always needs some comfort. Sitting in my uncle’s lap, being humored all the way, I was very happy.
We ate half a jin of roast chestnut, had a nap and soon arrived in Beijing. With the hints mentioned above I assume I might have come from Tianjin. Even today I can recollect what my own parents looked like but, of course, my impression is blurry. As for what my family name was and where my parents came from, I really don’t know.
I only remember that my birthday by my foster-parents when I grew up. I was born in the “you” period( between 5-7p.m.),15th of the 10 th lunar month. So I was named You. Prefixed with Xiao-young, and suffixed with a diminutive er—an intimate way of addressing young and small things by Beijingers, my name, therefore, became Xiao You’r. This is all I know about my childhood and beyond that I do not remember much else.
5．The Difference between a Brain and a Computer
Isaac Asimov
The difference between a brain and a computer can be expressed in a single word: complexity.
The large mammalian brain is the most complicated thing, for its size, known to us. The human brain weighs three pounds, but in that three poundsare tenbillion neurons and a hundred billion smaller cells. These many billions of cells are interconnected in a vastly complicated network that we can’t begin to unravel asyet .
Even the most complicated computer man has yet built can’t compare in intricacy with the brain. Computer switches and components number in the thousands rather than in the billions. What’s more ,the computer switch is just an on2off device ,whereas the brain cell is itself possessed of a tremendously complex structure.
Can a computer think? That depends on what you mean by“think. ”If solving a mathematical problem is “thinking”, then a computer can “think”and do so much faster than a man. Of course, most mathematical problems can be solved quite mechanically by repeating certain straight forward processes over and over again. Even the simple computers of today can be geared for that.
It is frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are “programmed”to do so. They can only do what men have them do. One must remember
that human beings also can only do what they are“programmed”to do. Our genes “program”us the instant the fertilized ovum is formed ,and our potentialities are limited by that“program”.
Our“program”is so much more enormously complex ,though ,that we might like to define“thinking”in terms of the creativity that goes intowriting a great play or composing a great symphony , in conceiving a brilliant scientific theory or a profound ethical judgment . In that sense , computers certainly can’t think and neither can most humans.
Surely, though, if a computer can be made complex enough, it can be as creative as we. If it could be made as complex as a human brain, it could be the equivalent of a human brain and do whatever a human brain can do.
To suppose anything else is to suppose that there is more to the human brain than the matter that composes it. The brain is made up of cells in a certain arrangement and the cells are made up of atoms and molecules in certain arrangements. If anything else is there, no signs of it have ever been detected. To duplicate the material complexity of the brain is therefore to duplicate everything about it.
But how long will it take to build a computer complex enough to duplicate the human brain? Perhaps not as long as some think. Long before we approach a computer as complex as our brain, we will perhaps build a computer that is at least complex enough to design another computer more complex than itself. This more complex computer could design one still more complex and so on and so on and so on.
?In other words, once we pass a certain critical point, the computers take over and there is“complexity explosion”. In a very short time thereafter, computers may exist that not only duplicate the humanbrain - but far surpass it.
Then what? Well, mankind is not doing a verygood job of running the earth right now. Maybe, whenthe time comes, we ought to step gracefully aside andhand over the job to someone who can do it better. Andif we don’t step aside , perhaps Supercomputer willsimplymove in and push us aside.
电脑与人脑的差异
[美]艾萨克·阿西莫夫
孙致礼译注
电脑与人脑的差异,可以用一个字眼来概括:复杂性。
大型哺乳动物的大脑,就其体积而言,是我们所知晓的最复杂的机体。人脑只有三磅,但就在这三磅物质中,却包含着一百亿个神经细胞,以及一千亿个更小的细胞。这上百亿、上千亿的细胞相互联系,形成一个无比复杂的网络,人类迄今还无法解开这其中的奥秘。
即便人类现今研制出的最复杂的电脑,其复杂程度也无法与人脑相比。电脑的转换器和元件只是成千上万,而不是上百亿、上千亿。更重要的是,电脑的转换器仅是一种开关装置,而人脑细胞本身却有着极其复杂的内部结构。
电脑能思考吗? 这取决于你如何理解“思考”的含义。如果解一道数学题可算“思考”的话,那么电脑也能“思考”,而且速度比人快得多。当然,大多数数学题只需通过十分机械地不断重复某种简单的过程,就能得到解决。如今,即使简单的电脑也能胜任这一工作。
人们常说,电脑之所以能解决问题,只是因为它们给输入了解决问题的“程序”。它们只能做人让它们做的事。我们应该记住,人类同样也只能按照“程序”办事。受精卵一形成,基因就给我们编好了“程序”,我们的潜能也就要受到这个“程序”的限制。
不过,我们的“程序”要复杂得多,因此我们更喜欢用创造力来界定“思考”的意义。有了这种创造力,就能写出伟大的剧本,创作不朽的乐章,提出卓越的科学理论,创立深奥的伦理观点。从这个意义上讲,电脑当然不能思考,人类的大多数也做不到。
可是,如果能把电脑造得足够复杂的话,那它一定能像人一样富于创造力。倘若电脑能像人脑那样复杂,它就能与人脑旗鼓相当,完成人脑所能做的一切。
如果还要设想什么的话,那就设想人脑除了构成它的物质之外,还有什么别的奥秘。人脑是由细胞按一定的方式组合而成的,而脑细胞又是由原子和分子按一定的方式组合而成的。假如真有别的奥秘存在,我们可从未发现任何迹象。因此,复制出人脑复杂的物质结构,也就复制出了它的一切。
但是,研制一台复杂程度与人脑相当的电脑需要多长时间呢? 也许不像有些人想象的那么长。早在我们研制出和人脑一样复杂的电脑之前,我们也许能造出这样一台电脑,其复杂程度至少能使它设计出一台比它更复杂的电脑。这台更复杂的电脑又能设计出一台更更复杂的电脑,以此类推，一代代地研制下去。
也就是说,一旦我们过了某个临界点,电脑就会取得主宰地位,出现一个“复杂性爆炸”。此后用不了多久,就会出现这样的电脑,它们不仅能跟人脑相匹敌———而且会远远胜过人脑。
到那时会怎么样呢? 唉,反正人类现在也没有做好管理地球的工作。也许到那时候,我们真该豁达大度地让到一边,把工作交给更为称职的去做。如果我们不主动让位,也许超级电脑就会老实不客气地闯进来,把我们推到一边。
6．黎明前的北平
天气一天比一天寒冷。北海公园的湖上已结了厚厚的冰层，马路两旁树木上的叶子已经落尽，只有光秃秃的树枝在寒风中瑟瑟颤抖着。
北平已被强大的人民解放军包围，城门紧闭，粮食、蔬菜、鱼肉都运不进来。我们吃着早已准备的酱萝卜，有时也用黄豆泡豆芽。
时不时可以听见解放军的炮声。但是北平城内还有着数量庞大的国民党军队，虽然已如瓮中之鳖，但如果负隅顽抗，仍将给人民的生命财产造成巨大的损失。何去何从？急待抉择。当时，统帅这批军队的傅作义将军在无可奈何的情况下，邀请了北平的一些学者名流，征询意见。
会场设在中南海内，空气异常严肃紧张。傅作义将军作了简短的致词，表示愿意虚心听取大家的意见。墙上的挂钟“滴答滴答”地响着，很长时间没有人发言。大家只是用疑虑的眼光互相探询着，担心如果发言要求和平解放北平，会带来很大的风险。
最后，沉默的空气还是被打破了。许多人纷纷发言，热烈希望傅作义将军以北平人民的安全和保护故都文化胜迹为重，尽量争取早日和平解放北平。傅作义将军一直耐心而认真地听着大家的发言。最后，他站起来，表示感谢大家直言不讳。
会后，人们奔走相告，感到北平和平解放的希望越来越大，漫长的黑夜终于即将过去。
Predawn Peiping
Translated by Zhang Peiji
It was getting colder with each passing day. The lake in Beihai Park was covered with a thick layer of ice. The roadside trees had been stripped of their foliage,
leaving
their bare branches and twigs shivering in the biting wind.
Peiping had been besieged by the powerful PLA forces. The city gates were shut tight and supplies of grain, vegetables, fish and meat were cut off. We had to make do with the pickled turnips we had laid in long beforehand and sometimes ate home-grown soybean sprouts instead.
Now and then the PLA artillery was heard booming while entrenched inside the city were an enormous number of Kuomintang troops. Though bottled up like turtles in a jar, they could nevertheless cause a tremendous loss of life and property to the local inhabitants should they put up a last-ditch resistance. To surrender or not to surrender—that was the question awaiting prompt solution by General Fu Zuoyi, then in command of the KMT troops. Faced with the dilemma, the general was obliged to call in some local scholars and celebrities for consultation.
They met in Zhongnanhai amidst an extremely solemn and tense atmosphere. General Fu made a brief opening address, in which he expressed his willingness to listen with an open mind to all opinions. Thereupon, all was quiet except for the tick-tock of the clock on the wall. For a long while, the whole gathering kept silent and looked questioningly from one to another with eyes full of misgivings. They were afraid that they could get themselves into great trouble by speaking in favour of the peaceful liberation of Peiping.
At long last, however, silence was broken when many began to speak up one after another to urge the General to give first priority to protecting the local people and the cultural relics of the onetime capital, and therefore do everything he could to ensure a peaceful solution as soon as possible.
The General, who had been listening with patience and attention, finally rose to his feet to thank everybody for speaking their minds plainly.
After the meeting, people lost no time in spreading the good news, feeling more and more hopeful of the peaceful liberation of Peiping and the final speedy conclusion of the long dark night.
7．The Three New Yorks
Elwyn Brooks White
There are roughly three New Yorks. There is, first, the New York of the man or woman who was born here, who takes the city for granted and accepts its size and its turbulence as natural and inevitable. Second, there is the New York of the commuter -- the city that is devoured by locusts each day and spat out each night.
Third, there is the New York of the person who was born somewhere else and came to New York in quest of something. Of these three trembling cities the greatest is the last -- the city of final destination, the city that is a goal. It is this third city that accounts for New York's high-strung disposition, its poetical deportment, its dedication to the arts, and its incomparable achievements. Commuters give the city its tidal restlessness; natives give it solidity and continuity; but the settlers give it passion. And whether it is a farmer arriving from Italy to set up a small grocery store in a slum, or a young girl arriving from a small town in Mississippi to escape the indignity of being observed by her neighbors, or a boy arriving from the Corn Belt with a manuscript in his suitcase and a pain in his heart, it makes no difference: each embraces New York with the Intense excitement of first love, each absorbs New York with the fresh eyes of an adventurer, each generates heat and light to dwarf the Consolidated Edison Company.
The commuter is the queerest bird of all. The suburb he inhabits has no essential vitality of its own and is a mere roost where he comes at day's end to go to sleep. Except in rare cases, the man who lives in Mamaroneck or Little Neck or Teaneck, and works in New York, discovers nothing much about the city except the time of arrival and departure of trains and buses, and the path to a quick lunch. He is desk-bound, and has never, idly roaming in the gloaming, stumbled suddenly on Belvedere Tower in the park, seen the ramparts rise sheer from the water of the pond, and the boys along the shore fishing for minnows, girls stretched out negligently on the shelves of the rocks; he has never come suddenly on anything at all in New York as a loiterer, because he had no time between trains. He has fished in Manhattan's wallet and dug out coins, but has never listened to Manhattan's breathing, never awakened to its morning, never dropped off to sleep in its night. About 400,000 men and women come charging onto the Island each week-day morning, out of the mouths of tubes and tunnels. Not many among them have ever spent a drowsy afternoon in the great rustling oaken silence of the reading room of the Public Library, with the book elevator (like an old water wheel) spewing out books onto the trays. They tend their furnaces in Westchester and in Jersey, but have never seen the furnaces of
the Bowery, the fires that burn in oil drums on zero winter nights. They may work in the financial district downtown and never see the extravagant plantings of Rockefeller Center -- the daffodils and grape hyacinths and birches of the flags trimmed to the wind on a fine morning in spring. Or they may work in a midtown office and may let a whole year swing round without sighting Governor's Island from the sea wall. The commuter dies with tremendous mileage to his credit, but he is no rover. His entrances and exits are more devious than those in a prairie-dog village; and he calmly plays bridge while his train is buried in the mud at the bottom of the East River. The Long Island Rail Road along carried forty million commuters last year; but many of them were the same fellow retracing his steps.
The terrain of New York is such that a resident sometimes travels farther, in the end, than a commuter. The journey of the composer Irving Berlin from Cherry Street in the lower East Side to an apartment uptown was through an alley and was only three or four miles in length; but it was like going three times around the world.
三个纽约
埃尔文.布鲁克斯.怀特
孙致礼译
大致说来，有三个纽约。首先是那些土生土长的男男女女的纽约，他们对这座城市习以为常，认为它有这样的规模和喧嚣，乃是自然而然、不可避免的。其次是家住郊区、乘公交车到市内上班的人们的纽约－－这座城市每到白天就被如蝗的人群吞噬进去，每到晚上又给吐出来。第三是外来人的纽约，他们生于他乡，到纽约来寻求机缘。在这三座充满骚动的城市中，最了不起的是最后一座－－那座被视为最终归宿的城市，视为追寻目标的城市。正是由于这第三座城市，纽约才有了紧张的秉性、诗人的气质、对艺术的执着追求、无与伦比的成就。上班族给纽约带来了潮汐般时涨时落的骚动，当地人保证了纽约的稳固和持续发展，而外来人则赋予纽约以激情。无论是从意大利来到贫民窟开小杂货店的农夫，还是从密西西比州某小镇跑出来躲避邻居的淫秽目光的年轻姑娘，还是从玉米地带满怀酸楚地拎着手稿跑来的小伙子，情况都没有什么两样：每个人都怀着初恋的激情拥抱纽约，每个人都是以冒险家的新奇目光审视纽约，每个人散发出的光和热，足以令爱迪生联合电气公司相形见绌。
上班族是天下最怪异的人。他们居住的郊区没有自身的勃勃生机，仅仅是他们晚上回来睡觉的栖息所。那些住在马马罗内克、利特尔内克、蒂内克，到纽约上班的人，除个别情况
外，对这座城市了无所知，只晓得火车汽车到站离站的时间、去快餐店的路径。这些人整日伏案工作，从来没有闲暇徜徉在暮色之中，意外地走到公园里的观景塔跟前，瞧见湖中突兀而起的防护堤，沿着湖边钓米诺鱼的男孩，大大咧咧地舒展着身子躺在石台上的女孩。他们从未在纽约游游逛逛偶然遇见什么，因为他们从下火车到再上火车，这中间是没有闲工夫的。他们把手伸到曼哈顿的钱包里捞钱，抓到几个微不足道的小钱，但却从未聆听过曼哈顿的鼻息，从未在醒来时见到曼哈顿的早晨，也从未在曼哈顿的夜幕中入睡过。每个工作日的早晨，大约有40万男男女女走出地道口、隧道口，涌上曼哈顿岛。他们之中没有多少人跑到公共图书馆沉寂得只能听到沙沙声的阅览室，懒洋洋地度过一个下午，看着图书传送机像旧水轮一样，将书吐在书盘里。他们在韦斯特切斯特和泽西烧火炉，却从未见过鲍厄里街在气温降至零度的冬夜用油桶烧火取暖。他们可能在市中心的金融区工作，却从未见过洛克菲勒中心那枝繁叶茂的花木－－春光明媚的早晨，黄水仙、风信子和鸢尾花，齐崭崭地迎风摇曳。他们的办公地点可能位于商业区和居住区之间，可是一年到头也没从海堤上眺望过加弗纳斯岛。上班族一生中有惊人的行程，但是从未东游西逛过。他们进进出出的地方比草原犬鼠的地洞群还要曲曲弯弯。即使火车陷进东河底的淤泥中，他们也会若无其事地只管打桥牌。去年，仅长岛铁路就运载了4千万上班族，只不过许多人是反反复复往返乘车罢了。
纽约的地形比较特别，有时住在城里的人最终走的路可能比上班族还要远。作曲家欧文·柏林是通过一条小巷，从下东区来到住宅区公寓，原本只有三四英里路程，却好像绕着地球走了三圈。
8．书籍
孙犁
我同书籍，即将分离。我虽非英雄，颇有垓下之感，即无可奈何。
这些书，都是在全国解放以后，来到我家的。最初零零碎碎，中间成套成批。有的来自京沪，有的来自苏杭。最初，囊中羞涩，也曾交臂相失。中间也曾一掷百金，稍有豪气。总之，时历三十余年，我同他们，可称故旧。
十年浩劫，我自顾不暇，无心也无力顾及它们。但它们辗转多处，经受折磨、潮湿、践踏、撞破，终于还是回来了。失去了一些，我有些惋惜，但也不愿去寻觅它们，因为我失去的东西，比起它们，更多也更重要。
它们回到寒舍以后，我对它们的情感如故。书无分大小、贵贱、古今、新旧，只要是我想保存的，因之也同我共过患难的，一视同仁。洗尘，安置，抚慰，唏嘘，它们大概是已经
体味到了。
近几年，又为它们添加了一些新伙伴。当这些新书，进入我的书架，我不再打印章，写名字，只是给它们包裹一层新装，记下到此的岁月。
这是因为，我意识到，我不久就会同它们告别了。我的命运是注定了的。但它们各自的命运，我是不能预知，也不能担保的。
My Books
By Sun Li
Translated by Liu Shicong & Gao Wei
Soon I,ll part with my books; I’ll have to, the way the ancient hero Xiang Yu parted with his favorite lady Yu Ji at Gaixia.
The books had arrived at my home since 1949, the year the country was liberated (from KMT rule). At first they came piecemeal and, later, in set or in bulk, some from Beijing and Shanghai, some from Suzhou and Hangzhou. During the first few years, as I was financially embarrassed, sometimes I had to turn from the books that I would have liked to give everything in exchange for. However, there were occasions on which I threw my money on books with quite a sense of lavish generosity. In short, having kept each other company for over 30 years, I felt lifelong intimacy with them all.
During the ten years of the disastrous “cultural revolution” I was not in the mood to, nor was I fit enough to bother about my books, as I was not even sure where I myself would end up. But, having been taken from place to place, getting moistened and damaged, tortured and trampled underfoot, they eventually had come back to me. Some of them had got lost, for which I was really sorry, but I thought I would not go and retrieve them, for I had had more to lose in those years and what I had lost other than the books was far more important.
After their return home I felt about them with the
same affection as I did earlier. I treated them alike, whether they were big or small, old or new, expensive or inexpensive, classical or contemporary, since they had been in my collection and, therefore, gone through thick and thin with me. I would sigh with significance, when I dusted and caressed them and then found a place for them to go to. I guessed they must have sensed how I felt about their return.
During the last couple of years I had found themsome new companions. I no longer stamped my seal orwrote my name on them, however, when putting themonto the bookshelves, except that I clothed them with anew cover and put down the date of their arrival. Thiswas because I was well aware that it would not be longbefore I bid farewell to my books; my fate had been predestined.As for what would happen to theirs, I couldnot foretell, much less could I guarantee.
9．Roses, Roses All the Way
It has now been five years since Margaret Thatcher resigned as Britain’s Prime Minister. In her heyday she strode the international headlines with such bravura that she seemed inevitable, a natural force. The world stage seemed just t he right size for her , as she chaffed her conservative soul mate Ronald Reagan or flattered the“new man”, Mikhail Gorbachev.
Now the political world has begun to focus on the immensity of her achievement. How on earth did she manage to get there? She was elected to Parliament at 32 in 1958 (five years before T he Feminine Mystique was published). She parried her way through the complacent ,male-dominated councils of power —no woman had ever roiled those waters. Couldn’t the old boys see her coming? After all, there was nothing subtle about her personality or her approach.
As The Path to Power (Harper2Collins ; 656 pages ; ＄30) , the second volume of her autobiography , makes clear , Thatcher was probably too simple and direct for the Tories , with their heavy baggage of class and compromise . She traveled light, proud of her roots as a grocer’s daughter from the small town of Grantham but never tethered by workingclass resentments or delusions of inferiority. Her parents taught her the verities they believed in: Methodism, hard work, thrift and the importance of the individual. She has never wavered from them, and they run through the book.
“Nothing in our house was wasted. ”Or ,“I had less leisure time than other children. ”These are boasts of a childhood recalled in tranquility. Later t hey became a philosophy :“Being conservative is never merely a matter of income , but
awhole way of life , a will to take responsibility for oneself.”
From the start , she notes almost with bemusement , there was a contrast between herown“executive style”and her colleagues’“more consultive style . ”Thatcher laid down the law. In her 11-year leadership , she broke the crippling power of British unions , made many thousands of her countrymen homeowners ,strengthened British ties with the U. S. and the Soviet Union and gave voice to Britain’ s reluctance about joining Europe , a reluctance that still plagues her successor , John Major .
The DowningStreet Years, t he first volume of her memoirs, covered her time in power.This one is more interesting and better fun, a formidable leader looking back on her early winning battles. She is known now as the Iron Lady, but as a pretty, naive young pol who cut through cant, prevarication and some very real problems, she must have been exhilarating g. Her rise, as she once described the star is born press coverage that greeted her maiden speech in Commons , was“roses , roses all the way. ”
In a final section on the ’90s political scene , she calls for renewed dedication to her principles. The imperiled John Major cannot take comfort in t he timing of he Path to Power. Thatcher has relentlessly flogged t he book in Britain and t he U. S. , giving TV interviews t hat scourge what she sees as the collapse of her country’s leadership . The one thing she doesn’t say is t hat as t his old century draws to a close, there simply aren’t that many leaders. Thatcher was one. (From TIME July 10, 1995)
铺满玫瑰的路
玛莎.达菲/刘士聪译
马格丽特.撒切尔辞去英国首相职务已经五年了。在她(政治生涯）的鼎盛时期，她以光彩照人的风格而成为国际上的新闻人物，她好像必然如此，她是一股自然的力量。在她跟他的保守党精神伙伴罗纳德.里根打趣时，或是在奉承“新人”米哈伊尔.戈尔巴乔夫时，这个世界看来恰好是适合她驰骋的舞台。
现在政界开始把注意力集中在她的辉煌的政绩上。她到底是如何进入政界的呢？1958年（《女性的奥秘》发表前五年）她三十二岁时被选进议会。她左挡右闪闯进了那些由自满
的男人控制的权力机构--过去不曾有任何女人到那里去搅和。难道那些老家伙们看不到她的到来吗？其实她的性格和施政手段并没有什么微妙之处。
正如她的第二本自传《通往权力之路》（哈柏-科林斯出版社；656页；30美元）所说，对于那些阶级意识很重并善于折中的英国保守党党员，也许撒切尔过于简单，过于直来直去。她没有负担。她以自己是格兰瑟姆小镇一个杂货商的女儿而感到自豪，但是她没有被劳动阶级因为地位低下而产生的怨恨或迷惑所束缚。她的父母教她懂得了他们所相信真理：卫斯里教,勤勉，节俭，以及个人的重要性。对于这些信仰，她从未动摇过。这些内容贯穿着全书。
“我们家从不浪费任何东西。”或者是，“我的闲暇时间比别的孩子们都少。”这是在生活平静下来以后回忆童年时期颇具自豪的语言。后来这些信仰变成了她的哲学：“信仰保守绝不仅仅是收入问题，而完全是一种生活方式，一种为自己用于承担责任的意志。”
一开始，她几乎是带着一种困惑注意到，她自己的“施政风格”和她的同僚的“更喜磋商的风格”形成鲜明的对照。撒切尔夫人说了算。在她长达十一年之久的执政期间，她削弱了英国工会的破坏力，使成千上万的同胞有了自己的房子，加强了英国与美国和苏联的关系，并且明确表示了英国不愿意加入欧洲，她的这个意向至今仍在纷扰着她的继承人约翰.梅杰。
她的第一本回忆录《唐宁街的岁月》涵盖了她的执政阶段。而这一本书更有意思。一个令人敬佩的领导人回顾她初登政坛时所打得一个一个的胜仗。她现在以铁娘子著称，可是作为一个漂亮，天真。年轻的政治家，在虚伪和含糊其此得人们中间以及问题成堆的地方披荆斩棘，她一定是令人兴奋不已。新闻界在报道她第一次在下院发表的演说并对其表示赞许时说她是一颗已经诞生的新星；撒切尔在描述这一报到时说，她是沿着一条“铺满玫瑰的路”冉冉升起的。
在最后一部分论述90年代世界政局时，她号召人们重新献身她的原则。《通往权利之路》在这个时候出版，身陷困境的约翰·梅杰是不会感到舒服的。撒切尔毫不客气地在英国和美国抛售此书，同时接受电视台采访，起到了鞭笞在她看来正在摇摇欲坠的英国领导的作用。有一件事她没有明说，在本世纪即将结束的时候，根本就找不出几个领导人。而撒切尔是一个。
10．西式幽默
冯骥才
学院请来一位洋教师，长得挺怪，红脸，金发，连鬓大胡须，有几根胡子一直逾过面颊，挨近鼻子，他个子足有二米，每迸屋门必须低头，才能躲过门框子的拦击，叫人误以为他进
门先鞠躬，这不太讲究礼貌了吗？顶怪的是，他每每与中国学生聊天，聊到可笑之处时，他不笑，脸上也没表情，好象他不喜欢玩笑；可是有时毫不可笑的事，他会冷不防放声大笑，笑得翻江倒海，仰面朝天，几平连人带椅子要翻过去，喉结在脖子上乱跳，满脸胡子直抖。常使中国学生面面相觑，不知这位洋教师的神经是不是有点问题？
一天，洋教师出题，考察学生们用洋文作文的水准，题目极简单，随便议论议论校园内的一事一物，褒贬皆可。中国学生很灵，一挥而就，洋教师阅后。评出了最佳作文一篇，学生们听后大为不解，这种通篇说谎的文章怎么能被评为“最佳”？原来这篇作文是写学校食堂。写作文的学生来自郊区农村，人很老实，胆子又小, 生伯得罪校方，妨碍将来毕业时的分数、评语、分配工作等等，便不顾真假，胡编乱造，竭力美化，唱赞歌。使得一些学生看后惯惯然。可是……洋教师明知学校食堂糟糕透顶的状况，为什么偏要选这篇作文？有人直问洋教师。
洋教师说：“这文章写得当然好，而且绝妙无比?你们听一一”他拿起作文念起来，“我们学校最美的地方，不是教室，不是操场，也不是校门口那个带喷水的小花坛，而是食堂。瞧，玻璃干净得几乎叫你看不到它的存在——。”洋教师念到这儿，眼睛调皮地一亮，眉毛一挑，“听听，多么幽默！”
幽默？怎么会是幽默?大家还没弄明白。
洋教师接着念道：“如果你不小心在学校食堂跌了一跤，你会惊奇地发现你并没跌跤，因为你身上半点尘上也没留下；如果你长期在学校食堂里工作，恐怕你会把苍蝇是什么样子都忘了……”洋教师又停住，舌头“得”地弹一声，做一个怪脸说，“听呀，还要多幽默，我简直笑得念不下去了。”
学生们忽然明白了什么。
洋教师一边笑，一边继续往下念：“食堂天天的饭菜有多么精美、多么丰富、多么解馋！只有在学校食堂里?你才会感到吃饭是一种地道的享受……”。
忽然，学生们爆发起大笑来。
依照这种思维，我们会从身边发现多少聪明、机智、绝妙、令人捧腹的好文章啊。
Western Humor
Feng Jicai
Our institute employed an English teacher. He looked every strange—red-faced, golden-haired and with a thick growth of whiskers, a few hairs of which traveling all the way to the nose. He was really tall—sufficiently six feet five inches. When
he came in through the door, he had to lower his head to avoid banging against the doorframe. It looked as though he always bowed to you at the door and that was much too polite. What was most strange about him was that when he chatted with the Chinese students on amusing topics, he did not laugh, nor did his face show any expression as if he had no sense of humor at all. However, when it came to topics of the most unamusing nature, he would burst out laughing, roaring while rocking in his chair, almost tipping off and falling flat on his back, his Adam’s apple dancing up and down in his throat and his whisker fluttering all over his face. The students would look at each other, wondering if this guy was in his right mind.
One day he set the students an essay to see how well they could write in English, the topic being “A Comment on Campus Life”—either complimentary or critical. That was simple. The Chinese students, quick at writing, finished it off at one go and turned it in in not time. Having gone through the students’ essays the teacher picked one that he though was the best. When he read it out to the students, they were perplexed. Of all the essays, why did he like this one better? Not a single word of it was true. The article was about the institute caferia and the author was a peaceable and timid student from a village in the outskirts. Taking care not to offend the institute authorities—the decisive factor concerning his final grading, evaluation and , most important of all, where he was to go after graduation—he had make up a high-sounding story in praise of the cafeteria, regardless of the realities, and that made his classmates very angry. The teacher, however, was not unaware of the cafeteria’s terrible conditions, but why did he have his eye on this one in particular? Someone asked.
“This is certainly a good essay,” he explained. “Absolutely matchless! Just listen …” He picked up the composition and began to read. “The most beautiful spot on campus is not the classroom building, nor the sports-ground, nor the lawn with the fountain at the gate; the most beautiful spot on campus os pir cafeteria. Look! The window-panes are so clean that you scarcely notice there is glass in them…”He paused, his eyes flashing with a glint of wits and his brows shooting upward. “Listen! Isn’t it humorous?”
Humorous? But what was humorous about it? The students were puzzled.
“If you were not careful enough,” he continued, “and had a fall on the floor, you would be amazed to find that you had no fallen at all because you did not get a single particle of dust on your clothes. If you had been working in the cafeteria long enough, you would have forgotten what a fly looks like…”He stopped, his tongue clicking rapidly to show admiration. Working up a funny expression on his face, he went on, “listen, please! Do you think anyone else could’ve made it more humorous?”He laughed so heartily that he could hardly continue.
By now the students seemed to be cottoning on.
The teacher went on, his reading punctuated by fits of laughter. “How wonderfully is the food cooked here! What a great variety of dishes you have on the menu and how well your appetite is satisfied! In fact it is only at the cafeteria of the institute that you find eating an enjoyable business…”
Suddenly the students laughed, rocking the classroom with their laughter.
Following this logic, God knows how many articles we would be able to produce, articles that are just as well-worded, quick-witted, artfully-conceived and set you rolling with laughter!
11. Twins
Elwyn Brooks White①
On a warm, miserable②morning last week we③went up to the Bronx Zoo④ to see the moose⑤calf and to break in⑥ a new pair of black shoes. We encountered better luck than we had bargained for. The cow moose⑦ and her young one were standing near the wall of the deer park below the monkey house, and in order to get a better view we strolled down to the lower end of the park, by the brook. The path there is not much travelled.
As we approached the corner where the brook trickles under the wire fence, we noticed a red deer getting to her feet. Besides her, on legs that were just learning their business,⑧ was a spotted fawn, as small and perfect as a trinket seen through a reducing glass. They stood there, mother and child, under a gray beech whose trunk was engraved with dozens of hearts and initials. Stretched on the ground was another
fawn, and we realized that the doe had just finished twinning. The second fawn was still wet, still unrisen. Here was a scene of rare sylvan splendor, in one of our five favorite boroughs, and we couldn't have asked for more. ⑨ Even our new shoes seemed to be working out all right and weren't hurting much.
The doe was only a couple of feet from the wire,⑩ and we sat down on a rock at the edge of the footpath to see what sort of start young fawns get in the deep fastnesses of Mittel Bronx. The mother, mildly resentful of our presence and dazed from her labor, raised one forefoot and stamped primly. Then she lowered her head, picked up the afterbirth, and began dutifully to eat it,allowing it to swing crazily from her mouth, as though it were a bunch of withered beet greens. From the mon- key house came the loud, insane hooting of some captious primate, filling the whole woodland with a wild
hooroar. As we watched, the sun broke weakly through, brightened the rich red of the fawns, and kindled their white spots. Occasionally a sightseer would appear and wander aimlessly by, but of all who passed none was aware that anything extraordinary had occurred.“Look the kangaroos!”a child cried. And he and his mother stared sullenly at the deer and then walked on. In a few minutes the second twin gathered all hislegs and all his ingenuity and arose, to stand for the firsttime sniffing the mysteries of a park for captive deer.The doe, in recognition of his achievement, quit herother work and began to dry him, running her tongueagainst the grain and paying particular attention to thekey points. Meanwhile the first fawn tiptoed toward theshallow brook, in little stops and goes, and startedacross. He paused midstream to make a slight contribution,as a child does in bathing. Then, while his motherwatched, he continued across, gained the other side, selecteda hiding place, and lay down under a skunk-cabbageleaf next to the fence, in perfect concealment, hislegs folded neatly under him. Without actually going outof sight, he had managed to disappear completely in theshifting light and shade. From somewhere a long wayoff a twelve-o'clock whistle sounded. We hung arounda while, but he never budged. Before we left, we crossedthe brook ourself, just outside the fence, knelt, reachedthrough the wire, and tested the truth of what we hadonce heard: that you can scratch a new
fawn between
the ears without starting him. You can indeed.
双胞胎
[美国] 埃尔威恩·布鲁克斯·怀特
陈宏薇译注
上星期的一天早晨，天气虽然暖和但阴云密布，我们穿着黑色的新鞋到布朗克斯动物园去，一则去看小驼鹿，二则想穿松它使之更合脚。万万没有料到我们的运气那么好，母鹿与她的小宝宝正站在猴舍下方鹿园的那道墙附近。为了看得更清楚，我们慢慢踱到小溪旁的鹿园下端。那条小路少有人走。在鹿园的那个角落，小溪缓缓从铁丝网下流过。我们注意到一头褐色的鹿站了起来，在她身旁是一头鹿宝宝，他用刚学会行使其功能的四条小腿，支撑着有白色斑点的身体。他那么娇小，那么完美，就像通过缩小透镜看见的小珠宝。鹿妈妈和鹿宝宝并立站在那里，站在一株灰色的山毛榉树下，树干上刻有许多心形图案与姓名的大写字母，还有一头小鹿伸开四蹄躺在地上。我们意识到母鹿刚生下一对双胞胎，小双身上还是湿漉漉的，还站不起来。这一罕见的森林奇景，成为我们钟爱的纽约五个行政区之一的布朗克斯的一景，我们还能要求什么呢？我们的新鞋似乎也不夹脚，穿得很舒服了。
母鹿离铁丝网只有几英尺远。我们坐在小路边的一块石头上，观察新生的小鹿在森严壁垒的布朗克斯中部如何开始生活。鹿妈妈看见我们在场，略露愠色，同时也因刚分娩而有些恍惚，她不高兴地跺了跺前蹄，然后低下头，衔起胎胞，履行职责似地嚼了起来。她傻乎乎地让胎胞在嘴边摇来摆去，好像是一串枯萎了的甜菜叶。猴舍那边，不知哪个好找岔子的灵长类动物在疯狂地大叫，野性的吼声在小树林里回荡。我们正看得起劲，淡淡的阳光穿过云层照到鹿宝宝身上，照亮了他鲜褐色的身体，身上的白斑也更为耀眼。偶尔，一位游客毫无目的地逛到这儿又走开，但经过的人谁也没有意识到这里发生了一桩不同凡响的事件。“看这袋鼠！”一个小孩嚷道。他和他妈妈呆呆地盯着鹿看了一阵就走开了。
过了一会儿，小双以它全部的机灵，拿出吃奶的力气站了起来。它站着，生平第一次想嗅出这个驯养捕获驼鹿公园的秘密。母鹿为了对他的成功表示赞赏，扔掉嘴里的胎胞，开始去舔他的身体。她将舌头逆着鹿毛的纹理舔，特别注意重要的部位。这时，大双踮着足，迈着碎步，走走停停，轻轻地向浅浅的小溪走来，开始涉水。走到小溪中间，他停了一会，撒了一点尿，就像孩子洗澡时难免撒点尿一样。接着，在他妈妈关切的注视中，他继续前行，上了岸，选了一块藏身之处，在铁丝网旁边一片臭菘叶下躺了下来，叶子正好将他遮住，他的四条腿优美地收拢在身下。虽然实际上他并未走出人们的视野，但他却设法使人们在摇曳
英文翻译中文
Accounting ethics Barron's Kathleen Elliott Abstract Accounting ethics is primarily a field of applied ethics, the study of moral values and judgments as they apply to accountancy. It is an example of professional ethics. Accounting ethics were first introduced by Luca Pacioli, and later expanded by government groups, professional organizations, and independent companies. Ethics are taught in accounting courses at higher education institutions as well as by companies training accountants and auditors. Key words：Accounting Ethics Education Contents 1 Importance of ethics 2 History 3 Teaching ethics 4 Accounting scandals 1.Importance of ethics The nature of the work carried out by accountants and auditors requires a high level of ethics. Shareholders, potential shareholders, and other users of the financial statements rely heavily on the yearly financial statements of a company as they can use this information to make an informed decision about investment. They rely on the opinion of the accountants who prepared the statements, as well as the auditors that verified it, to present a true and fair view of the company. Knowledge of ethics can help accountants and auditors to overcome ethical dilemmas, allowing for the right choice that, although it may not benefit the company, will benefit the public who relies on the accountant/auditor's reporting. Most countries have differing focuses on enforcing accounting laws. In Germany, accounting legislation is governed by "tax law"; in Sweden, by "accounting law"; and in the United Kingdom, by the "company law". In addition, countries have their own organizations which regulate accounting. For example, Sweden has the Bokf?ringsn?mden (BFN - Accounting Standards Board), Spain the Instituto de Comtabilidad y Auditoria de Cuentas (ICAC), and the United States the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). 2.History Luca Pacioli, the "Father of Accounting", wrote on accounting ethics in his first book Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni, et proportionalita, published in 1494. Ethical standards have since then been developed through government groups, professional organizations, and independent companies. These various groups have led accountants to follow several codes of ethics to perform their duties in a professional work environment. Accountants must follow the code of ethics set out by the professional body of which they are a member. United States accounting societies such as the Association of Government Accountants, Institute of Internal Auditors, and the National Association of Accountants all have codes of ethics, and
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《英汉翻译》练习题一 一、Phrase Translation（句子翻译） A. Directions：Put the following phrases into Chinese（将下列词语译成汉语）． 1) rural reform （） 2) industrial revolution （） 3) non-governmental sectors （） 4) the International Court of Justice （） 5) Agriculture Department （） 6) encyclopedia （） 7) editorial （） 8) relay race （） 9) vocational school （） 10) the theory of relativity （） 11) to pick and choose ( ) 12) a drugstore ( ) 13) soda fountain ( ) 14) in this fashion ( ) 15) a part-time river ( ) 16) up the river ( ) 17) a summer resort ( ) B. Directions：Put the following phrases into English（将下列词语译成英语）． 1) 经济增长（） 2) 知识经济（） 3) 民族团结（） 4) 官僚主义（） 5) 所有制（）
6) 社会科学（） 7) 期刊（） 8) 世界纪录（） 9) 最高人民法院（） 10) 国营企业（） 11) 现代化建设( ) 12) 专属经济区( ) 13) 可再生能源( ) 14) 合法权益( ) 15) 御花园( ) 16) 故宫博物院( ) 17) 可耕地( ) 二、Multiple Choice Questions（选择题） A. Directions：This part consists of ten sentences．each followed by four different versions labeled A，B，C and D．Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness．1.He thought that directly internal confidence in the regime declines，her financial structure would be in danger．( ) A.他认为，那直接影响着园内对政府的信心下降，它的财歧体制就会出现危机了。 B.他直截了当地认为，国内对政府的信心下降，其财政结构就要出现危机了。 C.他认为，一旦国内对政府的信心下降，她的财政体制就会出现危机。 D．他当时认为，只要政府内部失去信心，其金融结构就会瓦解。 2．Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy condition 0f body．( ) A．日光和新鲜空气对于身体健康都是不可缺少的。 B．对于健康的身体，日光和新鲜空气一样不可缺少。 C．对于身体健康，日光如新鲜空气一样不可或缺。 D．阳光同新鲜空气一样对于身体的健康不可缺少。 3．Intense light and heat in the open contrasted with the coolness of shaded
最新中文地址如何翻译成英文(精)
5栋 Building No.5 ----------- 请看相关资料 翻译原则:先小后大。 中国人喜欢先说小的后说大的,如 **区 **路 **号 而外国人喜欢先说大的后说小的,如 **号 **路 **区,因此您在翻译时就应该先写小的后写大的 . 中文地址的排列顺序是由大到小, 如:X 国 X 省 X 市 X 区 X 路 X 号, 而英文地址则刚好相反, 是由小到大。如上例写成英文就是:X 号, X 路, X 区, X 市, X 省, X 国。掌握了这个原则,翻译起来就容易多了! X 室 Room X X 号 No. X X 单元 Unit X X 号楼 Building No. X X 街 X Street X 路 X Road X 区 X District X 县 X County X 镇 X Town
X 市 X City X 省 X Province 请注意:翻译人名、路名、街道名等,最好用拼音。 中文地址翻译范例: 宝山区示范新村 37号 403室 Room 403, No. 37, SiFang Residential Quarter, BaoShan District 虹口区西康南路 125弄 34号 201室 Room 201, No. 34, Lane 125, XiKang Road(South, HongKou District 473004河南省南阳市中州路 42号李有财 Li Youcai Room 42 Zhongzhou Road, Nanyang City Henan Prov. China 473004 434000湖北省荆州市红苑大酒店李有财 Li Youcai Hongyuan Hotel Jingzhou city Hubei Prov. China 434000 473000河南南阳市八一路 272号特钢公司李有财
经典中文英文翻译
经典中文的英译 但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。 We wish each other a long life so as to share the beauty of this graceful moonlight, even though miles apart. 独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。 A lonely stranger in a strange land I am cast, I miss my family all the more on every festive day. 大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。 The endless river eastward flows; with its huge waves are gone all those gallant heroes of bygone years. 二人同心，其利断金。 If two people are of the same mind, their sharpness can cut through metal. 富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能曲，此之谓大丈夫。 It is a true great man whom no money and rank can confuse, no poverty and hardship can shake, and no power and force can suffocate. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。 A bosom friend afar brings distance near.
合抱之木，生于毫末，九层之台，起于累土；千里之行始于足下。 A huge tree that fills one’s arms grows f rom a tiny seedling; a nine-storied tower rises from a heap of earth; a thousand li journey starts with the first step. 祸兮，福之所依；福兮，祸之所伏。 Misfortune, that is where happiness depends; happiness, that is where misfortune underlies. 见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。 On seeing a man of virtue, try to become his equal; on seeing a man without virtue, examine yourself not to have the same defects. 江山如此多娇，引无数英雄尽折腰。 This land so rich in beauty has made countless heroes bow in homage. 举头望明月，低头思故乡。 Raising my head, I see the moon so bright; withdrawing my eyes, my nostalgia comes around. 俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。 All are past and gone; we look to this age for truly great men.
中文菜单的英文翻译
菜单翻译 精美凉菜：Delicious cold dishes 酱香凤爪：Spiced chicken feet with soy sauce 脆萝卜皮：Crackled radish 五香牛展：Spiced beef shin 五香牛根：Spiced beef tissue 蒜泥白肉：Sliced pork with garlic sauce 拂手瓜丝：Cold sliced melon 旗花西芹：Qihua Celery 拍黄瓜：Shredded cucumber 醉花生：Drunken peanut 快餐套餐：Fast foods and set meals 烧鹅饭：Roasted goose with rice 白切鸡饭：Plain chicken with rice 叉鹅（叉鸡）饭：Sweet marinate and grill goose (chicken) with rice 咖喱牛腩饭：Curry beef brisket with rice 洋葱茄汁猪扒饭：Pork-chop rice with onion and tomato sauce 香芋排骨饭：Taro Chop with rice 菜远蘑菇肉片饭：Fried sliced pork with mushroom and vegetable heart on rice 鲍汁捞饭：Rice boiled with abalone sauce 粉面美食：Delicious wheaten foods and noodles 鲜虾云吞汤面：Shrimp won-ton noodles 净云吞：Won ton 牛腩汤面：Noodles with beef brisket 金钱肚汤面：Beef stomach noodles 火腿蛋汤面：Noodles with ham and egg 鲍汁捞面：Abalone juice noodles 酸汤面：Vinegar soup noodles 油泼面：Oil-splashing noodles 特色生滚粥：Special congees 补血养颜鳝皇粥：Nourishing eel congee 健脾暖胃田鸡粥：Healthful frog congee 新澳洲鲍鱼粥：Fresh Australian abalone congee 深海星斑粥：Lethrinus nebulosus fish congee 姜丝牛肉粥：Ginger beef congee 水库鱼骨腩粥：Reservoir fish congee 皮蛋瘦肉粥：Pork and preserved egg congee 和味手撕鸡粥：Hand-shredded chicken congee 白粥：Plain congee 银座茶语: Ginza-tea cafe 位置：银座茶语大堂吧位于酒店一层Location: Ground floor of the Hotel 客房送餐电话：（内线）5550 Room service: (Ext.) 5550 营业时间：早7：00至凌晨1：00 Open: 7:00 am---1:00am
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《英汉翻译》期末练习题 Part I: Phrase Translation 01. white elephant无用而累赘的东西 02. fond dream黄粱美梦 03. happy medium 中庸之道 04. narrow escape九死一生 05. north, south, east, west东、南、西、北 06. be at a loss不知所措 07. supreme authority至高无上 08. wet paint油漆未干 09. No Thoroughfare禁止通行 10. Employees Only顾客止步 11. Please Tender Exact Fare恕不找零 12. 20% Off八折优惠 13. catch at shadows捕风捉影 14. look for a needle in a haystack大海捞针 15. between hammer and anvil腹背受敌 16. white lie善意的谎言 17. black sheep害群之马 18. carry coals to Newcastle多此一举 19. be fair and square光明正大 20. share weal and woe患难与共 21. the think tank智囊团 22. personal remark人身攻击 23. French leave不辞而别 24. fish in the air水中捞月 25. a castle in the air空中楼阁 26. shed crocodile tears猫哭耗子 27. play the lute to a cow对牛弹琴 28. hen party妇女聚会 Part II: Sentence Translation 01. She needs to find somewhere to live. 译：她需要找个住的地方。 02. My school runs a factory. 译：我的学校办了一家工厂。 03. He did not die happily. 译：他死得不安乐。 04. He is ignorant to a proverb. 译：他的无知是众所周知的。 05. It is the working people in the capitalist countries who bear the unemployment, heavy taxation and reduced standard of living which these aggressive wars entail. 译：在资本主义国家，是劳动人民忍受着这些由侵略战争所带来的失业、苛捐杂税和下降的生活水平。 06. Their skill as horsemen and archers halted Persian and Macedonian invasion. 译：他们善骑术、精弓箭，所以能够抵御波斯人和马其顿人的进攻。 07. Eczema may be found in all age groups and in both sex.
经典古文英文翻译
经典古文英文翻译CLASSIC LITERATURE IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION -- EXTREMELY USEFUL AND HELPFUL 但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。 We wish each other a long life so as to share the beauty of this graceful moonlight, even though miles apart. 独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。 A lonely stranger in a strange land I am cast, I miss my family all the more on every festive day. 大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。 The endless river eastward flows; with its huge waves are gone all those gallant heroes of bygone years. 二人同心，其利断金。 If two people are of the same mind, their sharpness can cut through metal. 富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能曲，此之谓大丈夫。 It is a true great man whom no money and rank can confuse, no poverty and hardship can shake, and no power and force can suffocate. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。 A bosom friend afar brings distance near. 合抱之木，生于毫末，九层之台，起于累土；千里之行始于足下。 A huge tree that fills one’s arms grows from a tiny seedling; a nine-storied tower rises from a heap of earth; a thousand li journey starts with the first step. 祸兮，福之所依；福兮，祸之所伏。 Misfortune, that is where happiness depends; happiness, that is where misfortune underlies. 见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。 On seeing a man of virtue, try to become his equal; on seeing a man without virtue, examine yourself not to have the same defects. 江山如此多娇，引无数英雄尽折腰。 This land so rich in beauty has made countless heroes bow in homage. 举头望明月，低头思故乡。 Raising my head, I see the moon so bright; withdrawing my eyes, my nostalgia comes around. 俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。 All are past and gone; we look to this age for truly great men. 君子成人之美，不成人之恶。 The gentleman helps others to achieve their moral perfection but not their evil conduct. 君子独立不惭于影，独寝不愧于魂。 A righteous man never feels ashamed to face his shadow when standing alone and to face his soul when sleeping alone. 君子之交淡如水，小人之交甘如醴。君子淡以亲，小人甘以绝。 The friendship between men of virtue is light like water, yet affectionate; the friendship between men without virtue is sweet like wine, yet easily broken. 老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼。 Expend the respect of the aged in one’s family to that of other families; expend the love of the young ones in one’s fa mily to that of other families. 礼尚往来。往而不来，非礼也；来而不往，亦非礼也。 Propriety suggests reciprocity. It is not propriety not to give out but to receive, or vice versa.
英汉翻译 练习题
Exercise for Advanced English-Chinese Translation 2-2 1 (Changing and adding) Sensitive souls: How dogs became man’s best friend No species has developed a closer relationship with humanity than the dog. (Though cat-lovers may disagree.) But that relations hip‘s basis—what it is about dogs that allows them to live at ease with people—is still little understood. After all, dogs are descended from wolves, which are big, scary carnivores that would certainly have competed with early man for prey, and might not have been averse to the occasional human as a light snack. Unless specifically bred for fighting, dogs are more docile than wolves, so that is clearly part of the answer. But mere docility cannot account for why people like to have dogs in their homes. Sheep are docile, but few people keep them as pets. Brian Hare, of Harvard University, thinks he knows. And, as he told the AAAS meeting in Seattle, it does not reflect well on the intelligence of mankind‘s closest living relative, the chimpanzee. Dr Hare‘s h ypothesis is that dogs are superbly sensitive to social cues from people. That enables them to fit in with human society. On one level, this might sound common sense. But humans are such sociable animals that they frequently fail to realize just how unusual are their own skills at communicating. Dr Hare therefore decided to test his idea by comparing the abilities of dogs with those of chimpanzees, which are often regarded as second only to people in their level of innate intelligence. His experiment was simple. He presented his animal subjects with two inverted cups. Then he hid the cups behind a screen, put a small piece of food under on of them, and took the screen away. The animal had to choose which cup to look under. If the experimenter gave no clue, both species got it right 50% of the time, as what would be expected. However, if he signaled in some way which was the right cup, by pointing at it, tapping it, or even just gazing at it, a dog would choose correctly every time, while a chimpanzee would still do only slightly better than chance. Chimps simply did not get the idea of social signals of this sort. However many times the experiment was repeated. Having established, to his own satisfaction at least, that his hypothesis was correct, Dr Hare asked the next logical question—how did this skill originate? He had three more hypotheses. （392） 2 How to Avoid Foolish Opinions Bertrand Russel To avoid the various foolish opinions to which mankind is prone, no superhuman genius is required. A few simple rules will keep you, not from all error, but from silly error. If the matter is one that can be settled by observation, make the observation yourself. Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth than men, by the simple device of asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted. He did not do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact you don‘t is a fatal mistake, to which we are all prone. I believe myself that hedgehogs eat black beetles, because I have been told that they do; but if I were writing a book on the habits of hedgehogs, I should not commit myself until I had seen one enjoying this unappetizing diet. Aristotle, however, was less cautious. Ancient and medieval authors knew all about unicorns and salamanders; not one of them thought it necessary to avoid dogmatic statements about them because he had never seen one of them.
经典英语翻译
课本翻译的答案（整理）： Unit1 英译汉A 1.The college schedule is very different than the traditional high school schedule. Generally, there is a lot more flexibility with your college classes. 大学的日程安排跟传统高中差别很大，通常大学课程有更多的灵活性。 2.The other cool thing about the college schedule is that you usually have more opportunities to explore your interests and passions. 大学日程安排还有一件事很酷，你通常有更多的机会发展自己的兴趣爱好。 3.There will always be some courses that are only offered on certain days at certain times, but for the most part, there are a lot of options to think about! 总有些课程是只在固定日子的固定时段开的，但是对于大多数课程，你有很多选择！ 4.However, college is like high school in that you will have the opportunity to get involved by joining different clubs, organizations, and maybe even by getting a part-time job. 然而，在大学像在高中一样你有机会参加各种活动，加入不同的俱乐部和组织，甚至可能找到一份兼职。 5.Of course, the best way to see what a true day in the life of a college student is like is to actually get the schedules of some college students! 当然，要看一个大学生一天的真实生活是什么样的，最好的方式其实是拿到一些大学生的日程表。 B 1.caught a glimpse of him sitting in the car 2.in search of new opportunities 3.without my being aware of it 4.are involved in different extracurricular activities 5.but ignore others' feeling 汉译英 如今，中国共有大约2500万名大学生，是十年前的五倍，并且这个数字有望持续增长。中国设立的学位制度包括学士、硕士和博士三个学位等级(Bachelors, Masters and Doctoral degrees)。中国的大学通常依据学生的高考(the National Higher Education Entrance Examination)成绩招生。公立大学对学生择优录取，被看做国家经济的主力。踌躇满志的学子们急切地等待考试结果，因为成绩能决定他们是否能进入著名的公立大学。 Today, there are about 25 million university students in China—five times the number a decade ago—and that number is expected to keep growing. China has set up a degree system, including Bachelors, Masters and Doctoral degrees. Universities in China generally select their students based on students’performances in the National Higher Education Entrance Examination. Publicly run schools get their pick of the best students and are viewed as engines of the economy. Ambitious students eagerly await their exam results, which determine whether they can get into a prestigious public school.
英汉翻译复习题
英汉翻译复习题 Roman jakobson三种翻译类型 ?语内翻译：指同一个语言当中用一些语言符号解释另一些语言符号。（例如古文翻译成现代文） ?语际翻译:两种语言之间的翻译。用另一种语言的语言符号来解释一种语言的符号。 （英汉、汉英） ?符际翻译：通过非语言的符号系统解释另一种语言符号或用语言符号解释非语言符号Alexsander traser tytler 论翻译的三项原则 ?译文应完全腹泻出原作的思想 ?译文的风格和笔调应与原文的性质相同 ?译文应和原作同样流畅 第一章翻译的基础知识篇 ?If you say that someone has a skeleton in the closet, or in British English a skeleton in the cupboard, you mean that they are keeping secret a bad or embarrassing fact about themselves. 我昨天才听说他们家大儿子坐过两次牢。真不知道他们家还有多少见不得人的事情。（意译）?Dear Mark, New York is finally getting a real sales manager. Congratulations on your new promotion. Your marketing ability has put you well above everyone else in the company, and probably everyone else in the industry. The company will benefit from the enthusiasm and intelligence you’ve always shown, and I imagine that before long you’ll be moving the whole firm into the number-one position. [Version] 亲爱的马克: 纽约终于有了位真正的销售(部)经理，祝贺你(的)又一次高升。 你所具有的市场营销知识(能力）使你在公司里出人头地，很可能在整个营销业中你也高人一筹。 你一贯表现出来的热情及聪明才智将会使你的公司受益匪浅，我想不久你就会使你的公司名列同行之首。[Original] 第二章翻译的理解篇 ?I love my love with an E, because she's enticing; I hate her with an E, because she's engaged; I took her to the sign of the exquisite, and treated her with an elopement; her name's Emily, and she lives in the east. (Dickens, David Copperfield) 译文4： 我爱我的心上人，因为她那样地叫人入迷（enticing）；我恨我的心上人，因为她已订婚将作他人妻（engaged）；她花容月貌无可比拟（exquisite），我劝她私奔跟我在一起（elopement）；她的名字叫埃米莉（Emily），她的家就在东城里（east）。我为我的心上人呀，一切都因为这个E！（陆乃圣） 1 专有名词先天性歧义 1 A succulent desert catcus ...native to tropical and subtropical America. 一种多沙漠仙人掌，...原产美洲热带、亚热带地区。 2. The majority of the population is of Indian and mixed descent, with monorities of Africa descent, East Indians, and others 居民以印第安人和混血人为主，有少数非洲后裔、东印度人. 3.The first permanent Anglo- American settlement was established in 1821. 第一个永久定居点建立与1821年。 4.If the skin has become thoroughly wet or one has perspired a great deal, sunscreens should be