【最高考】2016届高考英语语法精讲精练 专题九 名词性从句常考点

专题九名词性从句常考点

在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫作名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。名词性从句是英语中的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词that，whether，if(不充当从句的任何成分)；连接代词what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whose，which；连接副词when，where，how，why。

1 It is...和There is...

It is...句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动名词、不定式或从句，而There is 意为“有……”，有时be也可以用exist，remain等替代。

用it，there填空：

①________ is a pity that he was absent.

②________ is a fact that he has lied to you.

③________ is no wonder that he is so excited.

④________ is no need to worry about it.

⑤________ is no sense/point (in) arguing with him.

⑥________ is no doubt that he has gone.

【答案】①It②It③It④There⑤There⑥There

2从句作主语时的谓语动词形式

主语从句作主语相当于第三人称单数作主语，谓语动词用单数；如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。

用所给词的适当形式填空：

①That the president is coming ________(excite) all of us.

②How close parents are to their children ________(have) a strong influence on their character.

③When and where the meeting will be held ____________(not decide) yet.

【答案】①excites②has③isn't decided/hasn't been decided

3宾语从句的时态和语序

宾语从句中的时态要注意呼应。当主句中的谓语是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同的时态。当主句中的谓语是过去时态，从句则要用相应的过去时态(如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等)；当从句表示的是客观真理、科学真理、自然现象，则从

句仍用现在时态。宾语从句语序要用陈述语序(what is/was the matter除外)。

①The photographs will show you ________．

A. what does our village look like

B. what our village looks like

C. how does our village look like

D. how our village looks like

②Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ________．

A. who is he

B. who he is

C. who is it

D. who it is

③Hello，I didn't know you ________(be) in London. How long have you been here?

④I thought he ________(be) coming tomorrow.

⑤The teacher told us that light ________(travel) at a very high speed.

【答案】①B②D③were④was⑤travels

4表语从句中的常见句型

常用的句型有：The reason is that...；It is because...；That's why...；That's where...。

完成下列句子：

①The reason ________ he is absent from school is ________ he is ill.

＝He is ill. That's ________ he is absent from school.

＝He is absent from school. That's ________ he is ill.

②The reason ________ he gave was ________ he was caught in the traffic jam.

③That's ________ I disagree/the problem lies/I have doubt/you are mistaken.

That's ________ I disagree about/the problem lies in/I have doubt about/you are mistaken about.

【答案】①why；that；why；because ②which；that/不填

③ where；what

5同位语从句和定语从句的辨别

同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。连接词 that引导同位语从句时，应在某些抽象名词之后，如：fact，hope，story，thought，suggestion，idea，news，possibility，feeling，doubt，truth，wish，word(消息)，request，information，order，message等，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用。同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。定语从句中的that是关系代词，既起引导从句的作用，同时又在从句中充当主语或宾语，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

完成下列句子：

①The news ________ he told us excited us.

The news ________ our team won the game excited us.

②The fact ________ he collected was surprising.

The fact ________ he said nothing was surprising.

③There is a chance/possibility ________ he will lose the game.

＝________ are that he will lose the game.

④Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

【答案】①that/which/不填；that ②that/which/不填；that ③that；Chances ④that

6what和that的用法

①what可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，并且替代名词性从句中所缺的主语、宾语或表语(尤其注意what引导的从句作介词宾语)，相当于“名词或代词＋that/which”；另外，what不能引导定语从句。

②that在名词性从句中只引导从句，不充当成分。如：

That he said nothing at the meeting surprised us.

[注]介词后不接that从句，除了in that...和except that...。

that引导两个以上的宾语从句，第一个that可省略，其后的that都不可省略。that 引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不可省略。

完成下列句子：

①The school is no longer ________ it used to be.

＝The school is no longer the one________ it used to be.

②Finally he told us everything ________ he had seen.

＝Finally he told us ________ he had seen.

③They arrived in ________ was once a school.

＝They arrive in the place ________ was once a school.

④Don't care ________ others think about you.

⑤Do you know ________ they do with waste paper?

【答案】①what；that ②that；what ③what；that/which

④what ⑤what

7whether和if的区别以及whether和that的区别

1. if和whether都可译为“是否”，两者引导宾语从句时通常可以互相替换。

而以下几种情况中，只能用whether，不能用if：

①强调两方面的选择，特别是句中有or not时。如：

Let me know whether you can come or not.

②宾语从句前置时。如：

Whether this is true，I can't say.

③引导主语、表语、同位语从句时。如：

Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. (主语从句) The question is whether he can do it. (表语从句)

The question whether we should go with them must be decided at once. (同位语从句)

④在介词之后作宾语时。如：

I haven't settled the question of whether I'll go back home.

Whether we will go there depends on whether it is going to rain.

⑤在不定式前与不定式一起组成短语时。如：

Whether to go or stay is still a question.

[注]if可以引导条件状语从句，有“假如；如果”之意，而whether可以引导让步状语从句，有“不管；无论” 之意。如：

If you ask him，he will help you.

Whether he comes or not，we will begin our party on time.

2. whether和that的区别：that表示事实，而whether 表示疑问。

完成下列句子：

①________ they are twins is clear.

________ they are twins is not clear.

②There is a question/an argument ________ we have enough time to do it.

③The problem is ________ he is poor at English.

The problem is ________ he can improve his English.

【答案】①That；Whether ②whether③that；how/whether

8“疑问词＋ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”的区别

“疑问词＋ever”既可引导名词性从句，在主句中充当一定的成分，又可以引导让步状语从句；但是“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。

完成下列句子：

①________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.

________ leaves the room last，he ought to turn off the lights.

②He wouldn't listen to ________ I said.

________ I said，he wouldn't listen to me.

③Sarah hopes to become a friend of ________ shares her interest.

________ comes，you mustn't open the door.

④As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ________ suits you best.

【答案】①Whoever；Whoever/No matter who ②whatever；Whatever/No matter what ③whoever；Whoever/No matter who ④whichever

9who和whoever的区别

who表示疑问；而whoever与anyone who同义。

用who，whoever填空：

①________ has stolen the money hasn't been found out yet.

②________ has stolen the money should be punished.

③I will spare a ticket for the newly－made film to ________ desires to get it.

【答案】①Who②Whoever③whoever

10“众所周知”的几种表达

“众所周知”可以用主语从句、表语从句和非限制性定语从句来表示。

完成下列句子：

①________ is known to us all that China is a developing country.

②________ is known to us all is that China is a developing country.

③________ is known to us all，China is a developing country.

④________ we all know，China is a developing country.

【答案】①It②What③As④As

1. (2014·陕西卷) ________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.

A. Why

B. When

C. That

D. What

2. (2014·江苏卷)—What a mess! You are always so lazy!

—I'm not to blame, Mum. I am ________ you have made me.

A. how

B. what

C. that

D. who

3. (2014·山东卷)It is difficult for us to imagine ________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.

A. where

B. what

C. which

D. why

4. (2014·湖南卷)As John Lennon once said，life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. where

5. (2014·大纲卷)Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.

A. whether

B. why

C. when

D. how

6. (2013·浙江卷)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.

A. how

B. that

C. which

D. whether

7. (2013·安徽卷)From space，the earth looks blue. This is ________ about seventy －one per cent of its surface is covered by water.

A. why

B. how

C. because

D. whether

8. (2013·陕西卷)It remains to be seen ________ the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. whether

9. (2013·天津卷)________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.

A. That

B. Which

C. Whether

D. What

10. (2012·江苏卷)The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed.

A. when

B. that

C. whether

D. how

【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. B

1. Where and when we will build the new factory________ yet.

A. is not decided

B. are not decided

C. has not decided

D. have not decided

2. She is pleased with ________ you have given her and all ________ you have told.

A. that；that

B. what；which

C. what；that

D. all；what

3. Please put the medicine on the top of the shelf. It's ________ our children can't reach it.

A. what

B. that

C. where

D. how

4. —Would you tell me ________ you want your tea，with sugar or milk?

—Sugar，please.

A. whether

B. when

C. what

D. how

5. The professor in the end decided to give the prize to________ has a command of English.

A. who

B. anyone

C. whoever

D. whomever

6. As a new graduate，he doesn't know ________ it takes to start a business here.

A. how

B. what

C. when

D. which

7. The last time we had great fun was ________ we were visiting the Water Park.

A. where

B. how

C. when

D. why

8. We should also care about the children from the earthquake－stricken area after ________ seemed to have returned to normal.

A. it

B. what

C. that

D. which

9. I was surprised by her words，which made me recognize ________ silly mistakes

I had made.

A. what

B. that

C. how

D. which

10. The traditional view is ________ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.

A. that

B. why

C. when

D. whether

11. —It's thirty years since we last met.

—But I still remember the story，believe it or not，________ we got lost on a rainy night.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. when

12. With his work completed，the businessman stepped back to his seat，feeling pleased ________ he was a man of action.

A. whether

B. that

C. what

D. which

13. There is a sign ________ the Chinese food is becoming more and more popular.

A. when

B. that

C. if

D. which

14. ________ is reported in the newspapers，talks between the two countries are making progress.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

15. While you've made some mistakes，I believe ________ you've done your best and ________ things will improve.

A. that；/

B. /；that

C. that；which

D. if；that

16. The question came at the conference ________ we should do with the sluggish market.

A. which

B. where

C. how

D. what

17. It's none of your business ________ other people think about you. Believe yourself.

A. how

B. what

C. which

D. when

18. It seems that we value ________ we are trying to get more than ________ we

possess right now.

A. what；what

B. what；that

C. that；that

D. that；what

19. During the summer holidays，we paid a visit to ________ was once our primary school ________ the workers use as a store.

A. what；that

B. where；which

C. where；that

D. which；where

20. Our city is no longer ________ it was ten years ago，________ it was quite dirty and noisy.

A. what；which

B. that；which

C. what；when

D. that；where

21. It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office.

A. whether

B. where

C. which

D. that

22. It is uncertain ________ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.

A. that

B. what

C. how

D. whether

23. I made a promise to myself ________ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.

A. whether

B. what

C. that

D. how

24. Many young people decide to leave for ________ is a good place to live to seek their fortune.

A. where

B. what

C. which

D. that

25．The place ________ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ________ the cross river traffic is the heaviest.

A. which; where

B. at which; which

C. at which; where

D. which; in which

26. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ________ the problem itself is.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. why

27. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on ________ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.

A. what

B. who

C. how

D. why

28. When the news came ________ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.

A. since

B. which

C. that

D. because

29. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That's ________ the best jobs are.

A. where

B. what

C. when

D. why

30. The chief manager has decided to put ________ he thinks has good qualities in the position of the leadership of the company.

A. those who

B. anyone

C. whomever

D. whoever

【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. B

9. A 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. B 16. D

17. B 18. A 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D

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2020届高考一轮复习语法专项十七：连词连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。 （一）并列连词： 并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and（和），as well as（既…又），both … and（不但…而且），not only … but also（不但…而且），not … but（不是…而是），neither … nor（既不…也不），either … or（不是…就是），or（或者），but （但是），yet（然而），for（因为），so（所以），while（而），when（这时）等。如：Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy（暗沉沉的）./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious（光荣的）yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot. （二）从属连词 从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有： 引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as 引导原因状语从句的：because, since, as 引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter（无论）, even if (though) 引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, so (as) long as 引导结果状语从句的：so … that …, such … that … 引导目的状语从句的：so that …, in order that … 引导比较状语从句的：as … as …, not so (as) … as …, … than … 引导方式状语从句的：as if … 引导主语，宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether 间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。 （三）某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别 1、当while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别：①while引导的状语从句中动词必须是持续性。谓语动词多为进行时，或状态动词的一般时。while 的这些用法可用when代替，等于“at the time that”, “during the time that”。例如：Please keep quiet while (when) others are studying；② when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指一点时间，等于“at the time”，也就是说

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