被动语态巩固(翻译专练)
被动语态巩固（翻译专练）
了解汉英被动表达的差异
初中生学习英语被动语态最易出现的错误是，在很多该用被动语态的地方没有用。比如学生经常说出这样的句子：The classroom has cleaned. 这是因为汉语被字句的使用频率很低，学生习惯于“教室打扫干净了”等无形式标记被动句的表达法，对译成英语，也就忘了该用被动语态。深一层的原因是汉语史上被字句一般用来表示不愉快或遗憾的事情。比如人们一般问：“ 教师表扬（你）了没有？”而不大说：“你被老师表扬了没有？”一般说：“（我）又被老师批评了。”而不大说：“老师又批评我了。”（这句话的意思似乎是老师批评得不合适。）再如：“蛋糕被猫吃掉了。”（隐含义是蛋糕本来是我们要吃的。）当然，随着本世纪以来汉语欧化句式的大量涌现，被字句的使用频率大大增加，许多场合的被字句也并不表示不愉快，“我被老师表扬了。”一类句子也到处使用。但与英语相比，汉语中的被字句出现频率仍低了很多。另一方面，汉语中存在的大量无形式标记被动句，如果译成英语则必须用被动语态，但学生往往忘了使用被动语态，这是初中学生学习英语被动句时最易出现的错误。比如“信写完了”常被译成“The letter has written.”。对此，必须设计具体的语境，通过大量的英汉对比翻译，反复操练，才能加深理解。
①教室打扫干净了。The classroom has been cleaned.
②树种好了。The trees have been planted.
③杯子打破了。The cup was broken.
④汽车撞坏了。The car was broken.
⑤书他拿走了。The book has been taken away by him.
汉语中有的被动句的形式标记不是“被”字，而是“让”、“给”、“叫”、“受”、“遭”、“为…所…”、“挨”、“由”、“使”、“把”、“得到”、“获”、“予以”、“加以”、“经过”、等。
①那只狗叫他们给杀了。The dog was killed by them.
②小偷让警察抓去了。The thief was captured by a policeman.
③鞋子给扔了。The shoes have been thrown away.
④他遭了父亲一顿打。He was beaten by his father.
⑤我们为那部电影所感动。We were moved by that film.
⑥许多房屋在地震中遭到了破坏。A lot of houses were damaged in the earthquake.
⑦我所有的积蓄都给偷走了。All the money I had saved was stolen.
⑧庄稼让洪水冲毁了。The crops were washed away by the flood.
英语被动句译为不带被动标志性词语但包含被动
许多汉语句子不带表被动意义的标志性词语，看上去好像是主动句，但实际上包含被动意义，这样的汉语句子的被动意义是通过其主谓成分表达的逻辑意义关系来确定的。
①罗杰，你有电话。Roger, you are wanted on the phone.
②他的腿在一次事故中折断了。His leg was broken in an accident.
③人民大会堂是在1959年建造的。The Great Hall of the People was built in 1959.
④印刷术是从中国传入欧洲的。Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
英语中的被动语态使用极为广泛，尤其是在科技英语中被动语态几乎随处可见，这是因为：（1）被动结构比主动结构更少主观色彩，更注重客观事实；（2）被动结构更能突出主要特征，说明对象，引人注目；（3）在很多情况下被动结构比主动结构更简短。
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态，被动语态的结构是主语+be+过去分词，其中be 动词体现时态，过去分词done体现被动。下面以动词do为例，总结出各种时态的被动语态。
1.一般现在时：am ( is, are ) + done.
主动语态：We clean the classroom.（我们打扫教室。）
被动语态：The classroom is cleaned by us.（教室被我们打扫。）
2.一般过去时：was ( were ) + done
主动语态：We cleaned the classroom last night.（我们昨晚打扫了教室。）
被动语态：The classroom was cleaned by us last night. （昨晚教室被我们打扫了。）
3.一般将来时：will ( shall / be going to ) be + done
主动语态：We will clean the classroom tomorrow.（我们明天将打扫教室。）
被动语态：The classroom will be cleaned by us tomorrow.（明天教室将被我们打扫。）
4.现在进行时：am ( is, are ) being + done
主动语态：We are cleaning the classroom.( 我们正在打扫教室。)
被动语态：The classroom is being cleaned by us. ( 教室正被我们打扫。)
5.过去进行时：was ( were ) being + done
主动语态：We were cleaning the classroom at this moment last night.
( 昨晚这个时候我们正在打扫教室。)
被动语态：The classroom was being cleaned by us at this moment last night.
( 昨晚这个时候教室正在被我们打扫。)
6.现在完成时：have ( has ) been + done
主动语态：We have cleaned the classroom.( 我们已经打扫了教室。)
被动语态：The classroom has been cleaned by us. ( 教室已经被我们打扫了。)
7.带情态动词的被动语态：
must ( can, may, should, need, would ) be + done
主动语态：We must clean the classroom. ( 我们必须打扫教室。)
被动语态：The classroom must be cleaned by us.( 教室必须被我们打扫。
被动语态句子翻译专练
?一般现在时
①Paper is made from wood. （纸是由木材生产出来的。）
②The jacket was made of cotton. ( 这件夹克衫是棉做的。)
③Yang Liping is know as a great dancer.( 杨丽萍是公认的出色的舞蹈家.)
④English is spoken in many countries all over the world. （世界上许多国家都讲英文。）
⑤School meeting is held every Monday. 每周一都举行校会。
⑥What is this flower called? ( 这种花叫什么花？)
⑦You are wanted on the phone. ( 有你的电话。)
⑧ A color TV is sold at the shop.( 这家商店卖彩电。)
⑨He is often laughed at by his classmates．（他经常被同学嘲笑。）
⑩If I am given enough time, I will go to Japan for my holiday.
( 如果我有足够的时间，我将去日本度假。)
?一般过去时
①The house was built in 1950. （这座房是1950年建成的。）
②The radio was turned off just now. ( 收音机刚才关掉了。)
③He was seen to play with fire.（有人看见他玩火了。）
④The cup was broken by David yesterday.（这个杯子昨天被大维打烂了。）
⑤The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.（工人们被迫每天工作12小时。）
⑥Those books were written by a 10-year-old girl.（那些书是由一个10岁大的女孩所写的。）
⑦He was born in 1986. （他生于1986年。）
⑧This kind of CD was sold out yesterday.（这种光盘昨天卖光了。）
⑨He was seen to push a bike out of the house.
（有人看见他推了一辆自行车从那幢房子里走出来。）
⑩The old woman’s body was found at the end of the street.（老妇人的尸体在街的尽头发现了。
?现在进行时
①The computer is being mended. （那台电脑正在被修理。）
②The children are being taken good care of. （孩子们正受到良好的照顾。）
③This film is being shown now.( 这部电影正在被放映。)
④Mary is being interviewed now. （玛丽现正接受采访。）
⑤The problem is being discussed at the meeting. （这个问题正在会上讨论。）
⑥The telephone is being used now. （电话正在使用中。）
⑦The report is being written by one of the best students.( 报告正在由一个最好的学生写着呢。)
⑧Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.
⑨（最近正在进行许多有趣的实验。）
⑩That bridge is being built, I can't stand the noise.( 那座桥正在被建，我受不了这噪音。)
?一般将来时
①Another book will be published next month. （下个月另一本书将问世。）
②Today’s work is going to be well done. （今天的工作将被很好地完成。）
③The sports meeting will be held on Wednesday afternoon.（校运会将在下周三下午举行。）
④When and where wll the meeting be held?（这个会议将会在什么时候、哪里举行呢？）
⑤What will be done next? （接下来要做什么？）
⑥ A new school is going to be built in the poor village.
（一所学校将被建在这个贫穷的村子里。）
⑦Are these trees going to be cut down？( 这些树将被砍倒吗？)
⑧We shall be punished if we break the rule.( 如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。)
⑨If you park your car here, you will be fined. （如果你将车停在这儿，你将被罚款。）
⑩ A friend without faults will never be found. （没有缺点的朋友是永远找不到的。）
?现在完成时
①The book has been translated into many languages. （这本书已被译成多国语言。）
②Has the sports meet been put off until next Friday? （运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗？）
③The recorder has been repaired several times. ( 这台录音机已经修理过好几次了。)
④ A doctor has been sent for. （已经派人去请医生了。）
⑤Tom’s novel has not been published. ( 汤姆的小说还没有被出版。)
⑥These flowers have been watered. ( 这些花已被浇水了。)
⑦The battery hasn’t been charged for a couple of months. ( 电池好几个月没充电了。)
⑧The dirty clothes have been wasked. （脏衣服都已经洗了。）
⑨I’l l come to see you when my homework has been finished.
（等我的家庭作业做完，我就会去拜访你。）
?I will invite you here as soon as this bridge has been built.
( 这座桥一被建好，我就邀请你到这儿来。)
?带情态动词
①The room must be cleaned every day. ( 房间必须每天都打扫。)
②Our homework should be handed in on time. ( 作业应该准时上交。)
③It must be done at once. （这件事必须立即做。）
④Calculator can't be used in the maths exam.（计算器不能用于数学考试。）
⑤Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn’t be taken away.
（阅览室的书籍和报纸不准带走。）
⑥Can this bike be mended? ( 这辆自行车能修吗？)
⑦Children should be taught to tell the truth. ( 应该教孩子们讲真话。)
⑧Many trees should be planted on the mountains. ( 应该在山上种许多树。)
⑨Teenagers should be allowed to go out with their friends. ( 应该允许青少年和朋友外出。) ⑩Waste paper should not be thrown here.( 废纸不应该扔在这里。)
?固定句式
①It is suggested that each speaker is allowed five minutes. ( 建议每位发言者讲话五分钟。)
②It’s reported that about three hundred people were killed in this accident.
( 据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。)
③It's known that Britain is an island country. ( 众所周知，英国是一个岛国。)
④It is believed that health is above wealth. （一般人都相信健康重于财富。）
⑤It is said that he comes from China. （据说他来自中国。）
主动形式表被动
?一些表示感受、感官的连系动词,如：look, sound, smell, feel, taste 等主语是物时。
①The building looks very beautiful. （这座建筑看上去很美。）
②Her voice sounds quite sweet.( 她的声音听起来非常甜美。)
③This shirt feels much softer than that one.（这件衬衫比那件衬衫摸起来柔软得多。）
④That book smells old.（那本书有一股霉味。）
⑤These oranges taste nice.（这些橙子味道很好。）
?表示主语有内在品质或性能，使得主语得以实现或不能实现，常见的这类动词有open, close, shut, read, write, wash, clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, drink, etc.
①His novel sells well. ( 他的小说很畅销。)
②His pen writes smoothly.（这支钢笔很好写。）
③This poem reads well. （这首诗读来顺口。）
④His voice records well. 他的声音录下来很好听。）
⑤The cloth washes well. （这布很耐洗。）
⑥This shirt will wear very long. （这衬衫很耐穿。）
⑦The window won’t open. ( 这窗户开不了。)
⑧The door won’t lock. （这门锁不上。）
⑨The door blew open. ( 门被风吹开了。)
⑩The car drive easily.（这车很容易开。）
?表（sth.）需要的need ,want, require等后的V-ing 用主动形式表被动含义。
①The room needs /wants / requires cleaning. ( 这房间需要清洁。)
?be worth后的V-ing主动形式表被动含义。
①The book is worth reading. ( 这本书值得读。)
以下动词（或动词短语）无被动语态：
happen(发生), belong to(属于), break out(爆发), appear(出现), come true(实现),disappear(消失),last(持续),spread（传播）等
①The accident happened last week. （这个事故发生在上周。）
② All your dreams will come true if you try your best. （如果竭尽全力，你一定会实现梦想的。）
③Flu usually breaks out in winter. 流感通常发生在冬季。
④Knowledge and ideas spread quickly.知识和想法传播得很快。
⑤Taiwan Island belongs to China.( 台湾属于中国。)
九年级被动语态和翻译句子专项练习题
九年级被动语态和翻译句子专项练习题 一、选择题 ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ every year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( )10.Who _____ this book _____? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( )12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump ( )13.The school bag ___ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put ( )14.Older people ____ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after ( )15.Our teacher ______ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened ( )16. Paper first invented in China . A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )17.—Do you like the flower ? — Yes , it sweet . A. is smelling B. smelt C. is smelt D. smells ( )18. It snowed heavily last night . The ground thick snow . A. was covered with B. was filled with C. was made of D. covered with ( )19. The light in the room before you leave . A. must turn of B. will turn off C. are turned D. must be turned off ( )20. A present me by my friend on my birthday . A. is giving B. was given to C. is given for D. will give to ( )21. The trees in our school every Friday afternoon . A. are watered B. are watering C. have watered D. water ( )22 The bridge in three weeks . A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. builds ( )23. His school bag by a woman ten minutes ago . A. took away B. was taken away C. was taken off D. is taken ( )24. Yesterday a visitor something about his hometown . A. was asked B. was asking C. is asked D. asked ( )25. Do you like this kind of paper ? Yes , it very nice .
英语被动语态的翻译举例
英语被动句的翻译举例 英语被动句翻译为汉语时，应根据具体情况灵活掌握。 1. 用“被”、“由”、“受（到）”、“挨”、“得到”、“给”、“叫……给”、“让……（给）”、 “是……的”、“为……所”、“加以”等译成汉语的被动句。例如： 1）The door was mended by him. 门被他修好了。/ 门叫（让）他给修好了。/ 门是他修的。 2）He was praised（表扬）. But we were criticized（批评；责备）. 3）The machine is used by many people. 这台机器为（被）许多人所使用。 4）The problem must be studied carefully. 这个问题必须仔细加以研究。 2. 借助句中的状语等做主语，译成汉语的主动句。例如： 1）All kinds of drinks are sold in that supermarket. 在那家超市里卖各种各样的饮料。或：那家超市卖各种各样的饮料。 2）Table tennis is played all over China. 中国各地都打乒乓球。 3．按照英语句子的主谓顺序，译成可省“被”字的汉语句。例如： 1）His homework has just been done. 他的家庭作业刚做完。 2）The food has been eaten up. 食物已吃光了。 4．成汉语的无主句。例如： 1）Soon the news was received. 不久就收到了那个消息。也可译为：不久那个消息就收到了。 2）After a while, many people were seen to run out. 过来一会儿，看到许多人跑了出来。 5. 添加“有人”、“人们”、“大家”、“我们”等泛指的主语译成汉语。或译为“据……”。 例如： 1）He was seen to take the book. 有人看见他拿走了那本书。 2）Air is known to be a mixture of gases. 人们（大家，我们）都知道空气是一种气体的混合物。 3）She is said to know nothing about it. 据说她对这件事什么也不知道。 4）It is said that …. 据说…… It is well known that …. 大家知道……；众所周知…… It is believed that …. 有人相信…… It will be said that…. 有人（将）会说…… It was reported that…据报道…… 6. 改译成主动句。例如： 1）A new dress was made for me by my mother. 我妈妈给我做了一条新裙子。 2）I was given many nice presents on my birthday. 在我的生日那天，我收到了许多漂亮的礼物。
被动语态的翻译练习
Translation Exercises: (被动语态的译法) 1. Where were you educated? 2. They were given a warm send-off at the airport. 3. The result will be announced until 6 o?clock. 4. The road is being repaired. 5. The case is being investigated. 6. The troops were being inspected by the president. 7. The little island was occupied in a few hours by the invaders. 8. He is suspected of taking bribery. 9. This sort of advertisement is seen everywhere. 10. You are requested to give us a talk on Japanese culture. 11. New buildings can be seen everywhere in this area. 12. This idea was clearly put forward in the early stage of reform and opening-up, and though some progress has been made in this regard, the total result is not so obvious. 13. Efforts should be made to firmly carry out the basic State policy of family planning. 14. It should be pointed out that the accusations are groundless. 15. It is know to all that these islands have always been under Chinese jurisdiction. 16. The agreement has been widely praised by other Governments, in international organizations and in financial and economic circles. 17. I don?t think it necessary to discuss the details here---that can be done by officials of both our governments. 18. What we say here will not be long remembered. 19. We both believe that through vigilance and strength, in your words, a war can be postponed, and in our words, war can be avoided. 20. In this manner nitrogen can be changed into oxygen. 21. Many basins were formed by the subsidence of the earth?s crust. 22. Yet, only a part of this energy is used by man. 23. The temperature is lowered so that water may be turned into ice. 24. We are brought freedom and happiness by socialism. 25. Products of the factory are well received by the wide customers.
英语翻译技巧第八节 英语被动语态的翻译
第八节英语被动语态的翻译 汉英对比，英语的被动句显然多于汉语，因为英语重视形态（形式），汉语不重视形态，重视语感。如： （1）海水不可斗量。（2）文章总算写好了。说汉语的 人自古以来有一种主体思维方式，认为“成事者必在 人”，施事者“尽在不言之中”。所以很多被动关系不必 一定用“被”字句。 一、被动语态的语义价值 第一、被动语态有强调受事者，将它置于话题(topic)的主位的语用功能。 1).Peter was robbed to pay Paul. Peter was robbed by him to pay Paul. 他偷了彼得的钱去还保尔的债。(他剜肉补疮。） 2).The happy man cannot be harried. 吉人自有天相。 第二、被动语态有承接上句的修辞功能。 3）Many advances in computer technology took place in the twenty years after 1950.They are generally classified into four stages or generations. 第三、被动语态在特定的语境中表达对主语的尊敬或说话者的谦恭。 4)Where can you be reached?
在什么地方可以找到您？（请问您住在什么地方？） 5)When will I be interviewed? 我什么时候来参加面试呢？ 第四、被动语态常用以表示说话者对所提出的话题持有某种客观态度，因而比较委婉。 6)He is said to be the most respected teacher in our Department. 7)It is suggested that each speaker is alloted five minutes. 建议每位发言者讲话不要超过五分钟。 二、被动语态的翻译问题 （一）译成汉语主动句 1、原文中的主语在译文中仍作主语 2、原文中的主语在译文中作宾语 3、译成带表语的主动句“…的是…”或“……是……的” 4、常用被动句型的翻译 5、用“在…下”式（主动式动词+介短） （二）译成汉语被动句 1、“被…”或“给…”“让”“叫” 2、“（遭）受…” 3、“为…所” 4、“加以”“予以”“给以”
被动语态句子翻译类型题
1.据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。 It’s________thataboutthreehundredpeople______________inthisaccident. 2.这个杯子昨天被大维打烂了。 Thecup__________________Davidyesterday. 3.这件外衣是棉制的。 Thecoat__________________cotton. 4.那山顶终年积雪。 Themountain__________________snowallroundtheyear. 5.父亲给他买了一部MP4作为生日礼物。 AMP4_____________________himashisbirthdaypresent. 6.工人们被迫每天工作12小时。 Theworkers____________________________12hoursaday. 7.校运会将在下周三下午举行。 Thesportsmeeting_____________________onWednesdayafternoon. 8.作业应该准时上交。
Ourhomework_____________________inontime. 9.那些书被一个10岁大的女孩写。 Thosebooks_____________________a10-year-oldgirl. 10.那座桥自从两年前已经被建成了。 Thebridge_____________________bytheworkers_______twoyearsago. Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: 1.WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass. 2.Theywillshowanewfilmnextweek. 3.Whendidtheybuildthehouse 4.Isawtheboyentertheroom. 5.Willtheyshowanewfilmnextweek 6.Havetheypostedtheletteryet 7.Weoftenseehimhelphisclassmate. 8.Youmustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed. 9.Whoisrepairingthebike 10.Thestudentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart. II.将下列句子改为被动语态，并根据情况保留或去掉动作的执行者 1.Theywillsaynothingmoreaboutthismatter. 2.Theyhavemadesomeflowersofsilk. 3.Hewroteapoem. 4.Thestudentsareplantingsometreesandflowers. 5.Theyaretoopenupanewbusinessnextweek. 6.Childrencouldn’thavedoneallthisdamage. 7.Allofuswillseehimoffattheairport. 8.Theyfeedthetigersatthezoothreetimesaday. 9.Youmusthandinyourhomeworkbeforefive. 10.Peoplesaythatsheisagoodteacher. Ⅲ.将下列句子改为被动语态。 1.Weoftensingthissong. _______________________________ 2.Hebrokehisleginthematch. _______________________________ 3.Shewillsellherhousesoon.
被动语态练习题带答案
被动语态练习题带答案 一、单项选择被动语态 1．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two days. A．are trapping B．have been trapped C．were trapping D．had been trapped 【答案】D 【解析】 考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who ___in the mountains for two days”是定语从句，修饰two tourists，two tourists和trap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risked可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。 点睛：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”，其表达形式为had done，被动语态的表达形式为had been done。 2．The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A．elected B．settled C．developed D．contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B。 3．The singer’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago. A．viewed B．has viewed C．was viewed D．has been viewed 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被动语态；C. has viewed，现在完成式；D. has been viewed，现在完成式的被动语态。句意：自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上，这个视频的访问量达到了将近9百万次。since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时has done形式，又因music video是被访问的，故要用被动语态。故选D。 考点：考查动词时态与语态辨析。 4．—The window is dirty. —I know. It ________ for weeks. A．hasn’t cleaned B．didn’t clean
翻译的基本技巧--被动语态的翻译
翻译的基本技巧——语态转换译法 语态转换译法 1顺译法 1.1顺译成被动句 1.2顺译成主动句 2倒译法 2.1 把by 后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语 2.2把其他介词后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语 2.3倒译成汉语的无主句 3分译法 一、顺译法既保留原文的主语，又要使译文主要成分的顺序和原文大体一致的翻译方法就叫顺译法。 1 顺译法（Translation in Original Order） 1. 1 顺译成被动句 A.译成“被” 字所谓“被”字句，就是在汉语的动词前面加上一个“被” 字来表示被动的句子。主要表示这个动作不利于受事者或这个情况有点特殊，或者出乎意料。加上“被” 字以引起读者的注意并表示“被”这一动作动作接受者（受事者）是不乐意或不情愿接受的。 例1：Vitamin C is destroyed when it is overheated. 【译文】维生素C 受热过度就会被破坏。 例2：Once the flower has been pollinated and fertilized, the plant provides the newly formed seeds with a reserve of food materials, which will be needed when they themselves germinate. 【译文】花一旦被授了粉并受了精，植株就会对新生种子提供养料贮藏，以备种子未来发芽之需。 例3：She thought all was fair and legal, and never dreamt she was going to be entrapped into a feigned union with a defrauded wretched, already bound to a bad, mad, and imbruted partner! （Charlotte Bront?: Jane Eyre）【译文】她以为一切都是公正合法的，做梦也没想到过自己竟会被诱入欺诈婚姻的圈套，跟一个骗子、疯子、十足的坏蛋缔结姻缘。 B.译成“挨” 字句“挨”仅用于翻译该动作是对动作接受者（受事者）不利或不好的句 子。 例1：The boy was criticized yesterday. 【译文】这孩子昨天挨了一顿批评。 例2：I was caught in the downpour. 【译文】我在大雨中挨浇了。 C.译成“给” 字句 “给”也是用于翻译该动作对动作接受者（受事者）不愉快或不愿接受的句子。例1：Our clothes were soaked with sweat. 【译文】我们的衣服给汗水湿透了。 例2：The crops were washed away by the flood. 【译文】庄稼给大水冲跑了。
被动语态翻译题
被动语态练习题 1.我们希望你尽快完成那项工作。 2我们已在会议上讨论了那个重大的问题。 3.学生们经常在课上做那样的练习题。 4.明年他们将在这条河上建一座新大桥。 5.你的家庭作业做完了吗？ 6.这家工厂制作这种自行车。 7.上课之前我们必须交上数学练习本。
8.我们把这个房间当作会议室使用。 9.明天他们会完成植树吗？ 10.你可以早一点做完它。 11.我看见她从学校出来了。 12.她给了我一件生日礼物。 13.我们还没有担完水。 14.你能在两小时之内干完活吗？ 15.我从没听他说过关于这件事.
16.即使问题的确出现了，也可以轻易地得到改正或解决。 17.在全体工作人员的共同努力下，这项生产计划得以顺利实施。 18.人们重新发现了古代文明。 19.教授们因此得到了报酬。 20.人们预计直到2000年那个国家的失业率都会保持稳定。 21.必须立刻处理他频繁的逃课问题。
22.人脑与电脑的区别可以用一个词形容：复杂性。 23.从那以后人们通常认为它是一把双刃剑，就像人的克隆一样，在增加我们的财富以及给我们带来舒适的同时，其潜在的危险又让人们感到恐慌。 24.人们相信核能是我们这个时代最伟大的革新之一，然而人们又担心它会毁灭世界。 25.一种在世界范围内迅速传播的计算机病毒已
经感染了50000多台电脑。 26.大体上来说，人可以分为三种：一种是劳累至死的，一种是忧心至死的，还有一种无聊至死的。 27.总的来说, 得出这种结论是有一定把握的, 然而，必须具备两个条件：能够假定这个孩子与他的竞争能力对手对考试已经有着相同的态度；他也不会因为缺乏对手们已掌握的有关知识而被处罚。
被动语态翻译题
被动语态翻译题集团标准化小组：[VVOPPT-JOPP28-JPPTL98-LOPPNN]
被动语态练习题 1.我们希望你尽快完成那项工作。 2我们已在会议上讨论了那个重大的问题。 3.学生们经常在课上做那样的练习题。 4.明年他们将在这条河上建一座新大桥。 5.你的家庭作业做完了吗？ 6.这家工厂制作这种自行车。 7.上课之前我们必须交上数学练习本。 8.我们把这个房间当作会议室使用。 9.明天他们会完成植树吗？ 10.你可以早一点做完它。 11.我看见她从学校出来了。 12.她给了我一件生日礼物。 13.我们还没有担完水。 14.你能在两小时之内干完活吗？ 15.我从没听他说过关于这件事. 16.即使问题的确出现了，也可以轻易地得到改正或解决。 17.在全体工作人员的共同努力下，这项生产计划得以顺利实施。 18.人们重新发现了古代文明。 19.教授们因此得到了报酬。
20.人们预计直到2000年那个国家的失业率都会保持稳定。 21.必须立刻处理他频繁的逃课问题。 22.人脑与电脑的区别可以用一个词形容：复杂性。 23.从那以后人们通常认为它是一把双刃剑，就像人的克隆一样，在增加我们的财富以及给我们带来舒适的同时，其潜在的危险又让人们感到恐慌。 24.人们相信核能是我们这个时代最伟大的革新之一，然而人们又担心它会毁灭世界。 25.一种在世界范围内迅速传播的计算机病毒已经感染了50000多台电脑。 26.大体上来说，人可以分为三种：一种是劳累至死的，一种是忧心至死的，还有一种无聊至死的。 27.总的来说,?得出这种结论是有一定把握的,?然而，必须具备两个条件：能够假定这个孩子与他的竞争能力对手对考试已经有着相同的态度；他也不会因为缺乏对手们已掌握的有关知识而被处罚。
(完整版)被动语态巩固(翻译专练)
被动语态巩固（翻译专练） ?了解汉英被动表达的差异 初中生学习英语被动语态最易出现的错误是，在很多该用被动语态的地方没有用。比如学生经常说出这样的句子：The classroom has cleaned. 这是因为汉语被字句的使用频率很低，学生习惯于“教室打扫干净了”等无形式标记被动句的表达法，对译成英语，也就忘了该用被动语态。深一层的原因是汉语史上被字句一般用来表示不愉快或遗憾的事情。比如人们一般问：“ 教师表扬（你）了没有？”而不大说：“你被老师表扬了没有？”一般说：“（我）又被老师批评了。”而不大说：“老师又批评我了。”（这句话的意思似乎是老师批评得不合适。）再如：“蛋糕被猫吃掉了。”（隐含义是蛋糕本来是我们要吃的。）当然，随着本世纪以来汉语欧化句式的大量涌现，被字句的使用频率大大增加，许多场合的被字句也并不表示不愉快，“我被老师表扬了。”一类句子也到处使用。但与英语相比，汉语中的被字句出现频率仍低了很多。另一方面，汉语中存在的大量无形式标记被动句，如果译成英语则必须用被动语态，但学生往往忘了使用被动语态，这是初中学生学习英语被动句时最易出现的错误。比如“信写完了”常被译成“The letter has written.”。对此，必须设计具体的语境，通过大量的英汉对比翻译，反复操练，才能加深理解。 ①教室打扫干净了。The classroom has been cleaned. ②树种好了。The trees have been planted. ③杯子打破了。The cup was broken. ④汽车撞坏了。The car was broken. ⑤书他拿走了。The book has been taken away by him. 汉语中有的被动句的形式标记不是“被”字，而是“让”、“给”、“叫”、“受”、“遭”、“为…所…”、“挨”、“由”、“使”、“把”、“得到”、“获”、“予以”、“加以”、“经过”、等。 ①那只狗叫他们给杀了。The dog was killed by them. ②小偷让警察抓去了。The thief was captured by a policeman. ③鞋子给扔了。The shoes have been thrown away. ④他遭了父亲一顿打。He was beaten by his father. ⑤我们为那部电影所感动。We were moved by that film. ⑥许多房屋在地震中遭到了破坏。A lot of houses were damaged in the earthquake. ⑦我所有的积蓄都给偷走了。All the money I had saved was stolen. ⑧庄稼让洪水冲毁了。The crops were washed away by the flood. 英语被动句译为不带被动标志性词语但包含被动 许多汉语句子不带表被动意义的标志性词语，看上去好像是主动句，但实际上包含被动意义，这样的汉语句子的被动意义是通过其主谓成分表达的逻辑意义关系来确定的。 ①罗杰，你有电话。Roger, you are wanted on the phone. ②他的腿在一次事故中折断了。His leg was broken in an accident. ③人民大会堂是在1959年建造的。The Great Hall of the People was built in 1959. ④印刷术是从中国传入欧洲的。Printing was introduced into Europe from China. 英语中的被动语态使用极为广泛，尤其是在科技英语中被动语态几乎随处可见，这是因为：（1）被动结构比主动结构更少主观色彩，更注重客观事实；（2）被动结构更能突出主要特征，说明对象，引人注目；（3）在很多情况下被动结构比主动结构更简短。
被动语态句子翻译类型题
被动语态句子翻译类型 题 Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT
1.据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。 It’s________thataboutthreehundredpeople______________inthisaccident. 2.这个杯子昨天被大维打烂了。 Thecup__________________Davidyesterday. 3.这件外衣是棉制的。 Thecoat__________________cotton. 4.那山顶终年积雪。 Themountain__________________snowallroundtheyear. 5.父亲给他买了一部MP4作为生日礼物。 AMP4_____________________himashisbirthdaypresent. 6.工人们被迫每天工作12小时。 Theworkers____________________________12hoursaday. 7.校运会将在下周三下午举行。 Thesportsmeeting_____________________onWednesdayafternoon. 8.作业应该准时上交。 Ourhomework_____________________inontime. 9.那些书被一个10岁大的女孩写。 Thosebooks_____________________a10-year-oldgirl. 10.那座桥自从两年前已经被建成了。 Thebridge_____________________bytheworkers_______twoyearsago. Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: oftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass. willshowanewfilmnextweek. didtheybuildthehouse？ sawtheboyentertheroom. theyshowanewfilmnextweek？ theypostedtheletteryet？ oftenseehimhelphisclassmate. mustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed. isrepairingthebike？ studentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart. II.将下列句子改为被动语态，并根据情况保留或去掉动作的执行者 will say nothing more about this matter. have made some flowers of silk. wrote a poem. students are planting some trees and flowers. are to open up a new business next week. couldn’t have done all this damage. of us will see him off at the airport. feed the tigers at the zoo three times a day.
被动语态练习
被动语态专项练习 一、改写句子、把下列主动语态变成被动语态 1.The twins clean their bedrooms every day. 2.Farmers grow rice twice a year in the south. 3.We play football on the playground every afternoon. 4.The boy does n’t finish his homework. 5.Students didn’t read that book yesterday. 6.The architect built this library last year. 7.The teacher passed me a book. 8.I heard him sing in the next room. 9.My uncle used up all of his money. 10.T he student found some money lying on the floor. 二、把下列句子使用被动语态形式翻译成英语。 1、昨晚我的电脑被偷了。 2、这个男孩被他班上的同学嘲笑。 3、这辆车很好开。 4、我看见这位老人正在过马路。 5、这本小说值得一看。 6、这两自行车需要拿去修。
三、按要求改写下列句子 1.We pay attention to ways and means when we do our homework.(改为被动语 态) Ways and means _______ _______ _______ _______ when we do our homework. 2. People use metal for making machines.(改为被动语态) Metal _______ _______ _______ making machines. 3. He asked me to do that for him.(改为被动语态) I _______ _______ _______ _______ that for him. 4. We call the game “ Lianliankan”.(改为被动语态) The game _______ _______ “ Lianliankan ” by us. 5. The little trees need watering.(改为同义句) The little trees need ____ ____ _______. 6. My mother bought me a gift yesterday.(改为被动语态) I ___ _______ a gift by mother yesterday. A gift ____ _______ _____ me by my mother yesterday. 7. I often see him play basketball on the playground.(改为被动语态) He ____ ______ ______ ______ play basketball on the playground.
英汉翻译方法1——被动语态译法
被动语态的翻译 教学内容 ?1、英语中常用被动语态的情况 ?Why passive voice is used in English? ?2、汉语中被动意义的表现方式 ?How the sense of “passiveness” is conveyed in Chinese ?3、英语被动语态的翻译 Memo ?Suppose a little boy broke someone’s window. ?1. Your son broke my window. ?2. The window was broken by your son. ?Notes: If the owner of the house wants to complain to the boy’s parent, he would say “1”; ?But if he just talks about the window and does not want to trace the responsibility of the incident he would simply say “2”. ?When the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries to be treated. The commonest form of treatment is heating. When the oil is heated, the first vapors to rise are cooled and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a low boiling point; if a little is poured into the hand, it soon vaporizes. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed into paraffin. Last of all the lubricating oils of various grades are produced. What remains is heavy oil that is used as fuel. ?When the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries to be treated. The commonest form of treatment is heating. When the oil is heated, the first vapors to rise are cooled and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a low boiling point; if a little is poured into the hand, it soon vaporizes. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed into paraffin. Last of all the lubricating oils of various grades are produced. What remains is heavy oil that is used as fuel. ?一、被动语态在英语中的运用 被动语态的广泛使用是英语区别于汉语的一大特点。这一特点在科技英语语体中反映得尤为突出。这不仅是因为被动结构比主动结构更少主观色彩，结构更简单，还因为有不必、不愿或无从说出施动者等情况的存在。 ?1、不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如： Such books are written for children. We haven’t been told about it. The English evening has been put off till Saturday. ?2、出于礼貌措辞等方面考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁。例如： You are requested to give a performance. It is said that you were late for class this morning. Why were your late? ?3、无从说出施动者是谁。例如： You’re wanted on the phone. The problem is being studied. Rice is chiefly grown in the south. ?4、为了便于上下衔接。例如： He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.