2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练1

2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练1

1.access ①通道，入口②(接近或进入的)方法，机会，权利③[vt.]取得，获取（尤指计算机数据）考点提示：

①have access to sth.可以使用……/有……接触机会

have access to a car/a puter.有汽车/计算机可以使用

②gain/get access (to sth.)进入[某地】；见到[某人或某物]

完成句子

①学生需要得到图书的方便途径。

Students need easy _____________________ the books.

②每个人都有受教育权。

Everyone __________________________ education.

③只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。

_____________________________their house is along that narrow road.

2.absence n. ①缺席，不在场[反presence] ②不存在，缺乏

考点提示:

①absent (adj.) 缺席的；不在的;

be absent from……不在……；缺席……

be absent for……（不在）去了……

②in/during sb’s absense在某人不在期间

完成句子

①我不在时，请照看我的房子。

Please take care of my house

________________________________________________________________________.

②在缺乏其他证据下，我们不得不认为这属实。

We were obliged to accept it as true

________________________________________________________________________.

③老师对他旷课很生气。

The teacher was angry at his

________________________________________________________________________.

④他今天缺课/缺勤/缺席会议。

He ___________________________ today.

⑤有些国家终年无雪。

Snow __________________________ some countries.

⑥他外出了，现在在欧洲。

He ________________________.

3.suppose vt.认为，猜想

考点提示：

suppose＋that/to be认为，猜想

be (not) supposed to (do)(不)被期望，(不)应该

suppose/supposing that(与given, provided通用)

表示“假定……结果会怎么样？”

I suppose so./No, I suppose not./No, I don't

suppose so.我认为这样。/不，我不认为这样。/不，我不认为这样。

(1)—Jerry is playing online games.

—He's playing games？He's ________ to be doing his homework now.

A. believed

B. supposed

C. considered

D. pretended

(2)—How do you ________we will go to Hainan for our holidays?

—I think we'd better fly there. It's much more fortable.

A.insist

B. want

C. suggest

D. Suppose

4.switch vt.转换，转变

考点提示：

switch (from A) to B(由A)转换成B

switch on开(电灯、机器等)

switch off关(电灯、机器等)；失去兴趣；觉得乏味

switch over转换频道；转变

(1)In order to stop poverty, the World Bank has________its focus to providing technical assistance and long-term loans to developing countries.

A. fixed

B. exchanged

C. transferred

D. switched

(2)She started studying medicine at college, but ________ to Business Studies in her second year.

A. transformed

B. skipped

C. adjusted

D. switched

5.matter vi.重要，有重大关系n．物质；问题；毛病

考点提示：

to make matters worse更糟糕的是

no matter不要紧，没关系

as a matter of fact实际上；不瞒你说；确实

It doesn't matter.没关系。

“他问我怎么回事”习惯上说：He asked me what was the matter. (此处因what作主语，故后边语序不变)，而有些学生惯用He asked me what the matter was.句子虽正确，但意思不同，此处是“他问我那物质是什么。”

①Don't worry. It's only a(n) ________of money. We will try our best to collect enough.

A. matter

B. affair

C. business

D. accident

②The thing that ________ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not. A．matters B．cares C．minds D．considers

6.condemn v. ①谴责，指责②宣判，判刑[同sentence]

完成句子

①我们谴责他的不良行为。

We ________ him ________ his bad conduct.

②犯人被判处死刑。

The prisoner ___________________________.

7.condition n. ①条件②[ 用复数](工作或生活等的)条件，状况③[(健康或物品的)状态，状况

完成句子/英译汉/单项选择

①如果你能在星期一还我，我可以借给你这本书。

I will lend you the book ________________________ you________ it on Monday.

②在这么恶劣的情况下，我们只有推迟野营了。

_____________________, we have to put off the camp.

③He is living in terrible conditions.

④That is a used car in good condition.

_____________________________________________

⑤我决不会改变我的主意。

On no condition ________________________ my mind.

⑥I agree to his suggestion ________ the condition that he drops all charges.

A. by

B. in

C. on

D. to

8.character n．品质；性格；人物；角色；字体

考点提示：

be different in character有着不同的性格

a man of character有个性的人，有骨气的人

a leading character主角

in the character of以……的资格，扮演……的角色

out of character不适合，和……不相称

The Chinese characters汉字

characteristic adj. 表现特点的n. 特征，特性，特色

characterize v. 表现……的特色

①Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for ________ building. A．respect B．friendship C．reputation D．character

②Mr. Johnsons is of good ________， so he is respected and loved by everyone in the neighbourhood. A．character B．characteristic C．feature D．uniqueness

9.found vt.建立，创立

考点提示：

be founded on/upon建立在……基础上

find→found→found(发现)

found→founded→founded(创办，建立)

foundation n．基础，根据，建立，创办

lay foundations 打地基

founder n．奠基者，创建者，缔造者

put up, set up, build与found的区别

①put up表示“建造，搭建”时，指高于地平面的建筑物，即“搭起，竖起，挂起”之意，同set up。

②set up还表示“建立，成立”，常与表示组织、机构、团体之意的词连用，这时相当于found，如：set up home安家落户。

③build意为“建造，建设，建立”，是最普通的用语，常指建造大的东西，可接具体或抽象的名词。

④found指建立、成立机构或组织等。此意同set up，但found更强调打基础。

用found, put up, set up的正确形式填空：

①________in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

②A new theatre ________________ where there used to be a temple.

③The factory has ________ a night school to strengthen the workers' education.

10.opinion n．意见，看法，主张

考点提示：

in one's opinion＝in the opinion of sb.按照某人的看法

have a good/bad/high/low opinion of对……评价很好/很糟

be of the opinion that...主张……，认为……

in one's view以……的观点来看

point of view观点

opinion与view

①opinion是一般通用词，指对事物或问题经过思考后提出的意见、主张、看法，含有初步的，不肯定的意味。

②view指“见解，观点”，侧重对较广泛、重大或有关公众的问题所采用的态度，view比opinion更为肯定、全面和系统。

①It's a terrible shame，________，that the building was knocked down.

A．I think B．in my opinion C．personally D．All above

②Although ________ my opinion, the old professor didn't e up with his own.

A. against

B. on

C. for

D. in

答案：1.①access to ②has access to ③The only access to

2.①during my absence ②in the absence of other evidence

③absence from school ④is absent from school/work/the meeting

⑤is absent in ⑥is absent in Europe

3.(1)B be supposed to do sth.意为：某人应该做某事。题中用了不定式的进行式，表示：Jerry应该正在做作业。 (2)D

4.(1)D (2)D 考查动词辨析。句意：她从医学专业转到商务研究系，用switch表示“转换，改变(思路、话题等)”。B项可表示“急速改变”，不符合语境。其他选项的含义：A“改变，转变，改选”，C“调整”。

5.①A 考查名词辨析。短语a matter of表示“(仅仅、就)只是……的事而已”，如a matter of days/time “仅仅几天，只是时间的早晚”。句意：别担心，这只是钱的事情而已，我们会尽力募集够的。② A

6.①condemned; for ②was condemned to death

7.①on condition that; return ②Under such bad weather conditions

③他的生活条件很差。④那是一辆状况良好的旧车。⑤will I change

⑥C 句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃所有的指控。on (the) condition that 在……条件下，介词用on，属固定搭配。

8.①D 句意：独自徒步旅行可能会很有趣并且有益于健康，或许对意志的磨炼也有好处。respect尊重，爱戴；friendship友谊；reputation名誉，荣誉，声望；character性格，品格，品质，特点，特性。又如：The little boy showed great character returning to school after earthquake.在地震发生后，小男孩重返学校表现出了他顽强的毅力。

②A character这里说明人的品质

9.①Founded ② has been put up ③set up

10.①D A、B、C三个选项的意思相同，均可作插入语。故选D项。

②A

2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练10

1.effect n．效果，作用；影响

have an effect on对……有影响(have a/an＋adj.＋effect on...)

have some/little/no effect on对……有些/一点/没有影响

in effect实际上，事实上；有效

take effect见效，开始起作用；(法律或规章)生效，开始实行

e into effect实行，实施，生效

be of no effect无效

cause and effect因果

注意：虽然表达“对……有影响”用have an effect on，但表示“有很大/小影响”用have much/little effect on，而不用many/few。

The medicine had a good effect on me.

那种药对我有良好的功效。

The advertising campaign didn't have much effect on sales.

这些广告攻势对销售额没起到多大作用。

The medicine quickly took effect.

这种药很快就见效了。

affect/effect/influence辨析

(1)affect仅作动词，可以用于以下三种情况：

①对某人或某物产生不良的影响，通常以被影响的人或物作为宾语。作“影响”讲时，是及物动词，相当于短语have an effect on。

Hot weather affects his health.

炎热的天气影响着他的健康。

②作“使改动，使变化”之意讲时，属中性词，没有好坏之分。

He wasn't affected by the news.

他听了这消息后无动于衷。

③感动。

His speech affected the audience deeply.

他的演讲深深地打动了观众。

(2)effect通常指使某人或某物得以改进和变化，强调造成一种特殊的后果。作名词时指affect的结果。This medicine has no effect on his headache.

这种药对他的头疼不起作用。

(3)influence指通过劝说、行为或事例等对另一方的行为、性格、观点产生潜移默化的或持久的影响，尤其在感情和态度上的影响。有动词和名词两种词性。

What we read influences our thinking.

我们阅读的书籍会对我们的思想产生影响。

完成句子

(1)We should learn to distinguish between__________(因果)．

(2)The new law________________________(生效)from tomorrow.

(3)________(实际上)，the two systems are the same.

单项填空

(4)Recently tourism has a great________on the wildlife in my hometown，which causes plaints. A．effort B．effect C．affect D．reflect

2.disappoint vt.使失望

The film disappointed him.影片使他失望。

(1)有些及物动词的现在分词和过去分词均可用作形容词，现在分词意为“令人……的”，一般用来指物；过去分词意为“某人感到……的”，一般用来指人。但指人的“表情”“嗓音”等时用过去分词。此类形容词有：

????? interesting 令人感兴趣的interested 对……感兴趣

????? disappointing 令人失望的disappointed 感到失望的 ????? surprising 令人吃惊的surprised 感到吃惊的

????? boring 令人厌烦的bored 感到厌烦的 ????? exciting 令人兴奋的excited 感到兴奋的

????? relaxing 令人轻松的relaxed 感到轻松的 ????? moving 动人的moved 受感动的 ????? annoying 令人气恼的annoyed 感到恼怒的

The disappointing news made us disappointed.

这个令人失望的消息使我们很失望。

I was moved by the moving scene.

我被这令人感动的一幕打动了。

(2)????? be disappointed to do...失望做……be disappointed that...失望的是……to one's disappointment ＝to the disappointment of sb 使某人失望的是……

I'm disappointed that I failed the exam.

我失望的是我考试没及格。

用disappoint 的适当形式填空

(1)From his father's________look ，we know the________boy made his father________.

(2)The long speech given by that old professor seemed________and endless.

（3）—The film is ，I have to say ，not a bit interesting.

—Why? It's________than the films I have ever seen.

A ．far more interesting

B ．much less interesting

C ．no more interesting

D ．any less interesting 3.perform (1)vt.& vi.演出，表演

The play was first performed in 1987.

这部剧于1987年首次上演。

(2)vt.做，履行，执行

The surgeon has performed the operation.

外科医生已做完了手术。

(3)vi.工作，运转(好/不好)

The engine seems to be performing well.

发动机似乎运转正常。

perform an experiment/operation 做实验/施行手术

perform a play 上演一部剧本

perform a role in(＝play a role in...)在……中起作用

perform well/badly(poorly)/satisfactorily 表现得好/坏/令人满意

performance n ．表演，演奏

performer n ．表演者

put on performance 表演

(1)We've never seen a Shakespeare's play________so wonderfully.

A ．perform

B ．is performing

C ．performing

D ．performed

(2)—Tonight the blind boy will perform________the piano at the party.

—Great ！He succeeded at last ！He's performed________a wonder.

A ．/；/

B ．on ；on

C ．on ；/

D ．/；on

4.impress vt.使(人)印象深刻；印上，压出印记

impress sth on sb

＝impress sb with sth 使某人牢记/铭记某事

impress sth on sth 把……印在……上

be impressed by/at/with...被……感动；对……印象深刻

be impressed on one's mind/memory

被印在脑海里，留下深刻的印象

impression n ．印象

impressive adj .使人印象深刻的，令人感动的

leave/make ????? a/an...impression on sb 给某人留下…… 的印象

no impression on sb/sth 对……无影响/效果

The book didn't impress me at all.

这本书没有给我留下一点印象。

He impressed me with the importance of the work.

他让我明白了工作的重要性。

The teachers were impressed by your performance in the exam.所有的老师被你们的考试成绩所感动。

(1)He________a design on cloth.What a beautiful design!

A ．pressed

B ．impressed

C ．put

D ．placed (2)The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO xx was strongly impressed________my memory.

A ．to

B ．over

C ．by

D ．on

(3)When you stay in a stranger's home ，you should do everything properly so that you can make a good________on the host.

A ．expression

B ．impression

C ．suggestion

D ．manner

5bine vt.(使)联合，(使)结合

bine sth with/and sth 把……与……联合

bine with 与……混合，与……化合

bine business with pleasure 劳逸结合

We should bine business with pleasure.

我们应该劳逸结合。

完成句子

你应该努力把锻炼与健康饮食结合起来。

You should try to________exercise________healthy diets.

6.represent vt.代表；象征；描绘

What does this mark represent？这个符号代表什么？

representative n．代表者，代理人，众议员

represent sb/sth as sb/sth把……描述成……

represent sb as/to be...宣称某人为……

represent sth to sb向某人说明某事，向某人传达某事

be well/badly represented很好/很差地展示

be representative of...是……的代表

He represented himself as(to be)a friend of mine.

他自称是我的一个朋友。

Are your opinions representative of those of the other students?

你们的意见代表其他的学生吗？

(1)Zhang Yining and her fellow teammates，________China's Women Ping-pong Team，took park in the xx Olympics Games.

A.represent B．represented C．representing D．being represented

(2)His only aim is________our country at the Olympics in xx.

A．represented B．to be represented

C．representing D．to represent

7.treasure n．财宝，财富

treasure作“财宝”讲一般是不可数名词；作“珍贵的东西”讲一般是可数名词。也可用作及物动词，意为“珍惜”。

There is much treasure in this tomb.

这个墓里有许多财宝。

We should treasure our friendship.

我们应该珍惜我们的友谊。

完成句子

(1)We should________(爱惜)manpower and material resources.

汉译英

(2)我珍惜你的友谊。

______________________________________________________

(3)He________the watch his mother gave him.

A．longs B．treasures C．admires D．appreciates

(4)I shall________this gift because it was given by the teacher I loved.

A．enjoy B．treasure C．admire D．appreciate

8.quit v．停止，辞职

He quit his job last month.他上个月辞职了。

Quit laughing！别笑了！

quit—quit/quitted—quit/quitted—quitting

quit后跟动词的-ing形式。

quit/stop辨析

两者都可以表示“停止”。其区别在于：

stop：指动作、运行、进展等被停下来，含突然、断然的意味。

quit：指最终彻底停止某事，有时暗示遭到失败或面临挫折。

用stop与quit填空

(1)The police were called to________a fight outside the theatre.

(2)In order to keep you healthy，you'd better________drinking and smoking.

(3)They________work at 5 pm and then went home.

A．quit B．did C．started D．began

9.appearance外貌，外观

Don't judge people by their appearances.不要以貌取人。

appearance n．出现，显露，露面；外观/外貌/外表

appear vi.出现

make appearance登台，出现

make a good/poor appearance 显得一表人材/显得很不雅观

at first appearance乍看起来

in appearance外貌上，看起来

keep up appearances装点门面；装阔气，维持体面

She's made a number of appearances on television.

她已在电视上几次露面。

His sudden appearance surprised her.

他的突然出现使她很惊讶。

(1)There is no point in keeping up________when everyone knows we're nearly bankrupt(破产)．A．engagements B．gatherings C．meetings D．appearances

(2)The environmentalists said wild goats'________on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.

A．escape B．absence C．attendance D．appearance

10.transform vt.转变，转换

Success and wealth transformed his character.

成功和财富改变了他的性格。

transform sb/sth into...把某人/物改变成……

transform sb/sth from...从……中转变而来

Transform wind into energy.把风转化成能量。

The pany has been transformed from a family business to a multi-million-pound operation.

这家公司已由一个家庭企业变成拥有数百万英镑的运作机构。

(1)Water can transform a desert________a garden.

A．into B．from C．in D．with

(2)In only 20 years，the country has________into an advanced industrial power. A．translated B．degraded C．declined D．transformed

答案：1.(1)cause and effect (2)es into effect/takes effect (3)In effect (4)B

2.(1)disappointed；disappointing；disappointed (2)disappointing

（3）解析句意：——我不得不说这部电影一点也没有趣。——为什么？它比我所看过的电影都有趣得多。从句意可知，第二个人认为那部电影非常有趣，应该用表示肯定的比较级。答案 A

3.(1)D (2)C

4.(1)B (2)D (3)B

5bine；with

6.(1)C (2)D

7.(1)treasure (2)I treasure your friendship. (3)B (4)B

8.(1)stop (2)quit (3)A

9.(1)D (2)D

10.(1)A (2)D

高考英语高频词汇练习3Word版含答案

高考英语考纲词汇词形练习复习3 ( 1 ) 附近，近的，在附近 1. The post office is quite __________. 2. He lives __________ ----- two hundred meters from us. 3. The injured men were sent to a __________ hospital. 4. There was a restaurant __________ the cinema. ( 2 ) 动手术，操作，开动 1. He __________ on the baby’s throat, and saved its life. 2. The lift is __________ by electricity. 3. The __________ of this machine is simple. ( 3 ) 外，在外，向外的，出外 1. This door opens __________, not inward. 2. We took a trip __________ the country. 3. He has gone all __________ to win the election. 4. The __________ door was wide open but the inner one was locked. 5. Wilson was waiting for him __________. 6. Don’t judge a man from his __________. 7. The bell won’t ring, it’s __________ of order. ( 4 ) 办公室，职务，职责，军官，官员，官方的，正式的 1. His uncle was an __________ in the army. 2. His __________ is on the second floor. 3. The President and the Secretary of State are government __________. 4. In Zaire there are four __________ languages. ( 5 ) 开，开着的，开放的，口，缝隙，开始 1. There was an __________ in the wall. 2. The book’s __________ is dull, but the last chapters are interesting. 3. When do the shops __________? 4. The castle is __________ to visitors in summer.

2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练3教学文稿

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