现代大学英语第二版精读3 Unit 4 Exercises Diogenes and Alexander

Key to Exercises

Unit 4 Diogenes and Alexander

Translate the following expressions into English

◆1. scratch each other's back

◆2. Publish or perish.

◆3. make RMB convertible

◆4. seek the truth

◆5. discard conventions

◆6. satirize people's vanity and extravagance

◆7. The island is uninhabited, and being without drinking water, is also uninhabitable.

◆8. admire their courage/guts/bravery

◆9. neglect one's duty

◆10. escape/avoid the consequence

◆11. erase/delete/wipe out sth from one's memory

◆12. take command

◆13. block the way / stand in the way / be in one's way

◆14. ruin one's reputation/name

Into Chinese

◆年久失修的防御工事

◆临时占用或建造的简陋小棚

◆储物缸

◆容易变质的商品

◆社会旧习

◆摇摇晃晃的酒鬼

◆隐士住的山洞

◆此刻的风云人物

◆英雄人物

◆10. 决定未来的气势

◆11. 目光锐利

◆12. 对战争的恐慌

◆13. 落石如雨

◆14. 一小撮捣乱分子

2 Put in the blanks appropriate propositions or adverbs.

◆1 with; off

◆2. with, up

◆3. round

◆4. with, out of

◆5. to, out, of, for, in

◆6. by, for

◆7. upon, over, to

8. For, into

◆9. in, to, to

◆10. to, out, of, into

3. Choose the right words or expressions.

◆1. ashamed, garment

◆2. resulted from, matter

◆3. affairs, requires, restrain

◆4. restrict, empty

◆5. respected, emulating

◆6. empty, bare, bare

◆7. changed, hollow

◆8. vacant, respectfully

◆9. activities, convert

◆10. laughing, behavior

4 Replace the italicized parts with words or expressions from the text

◆1. thinkers: minds

◆madman: lunatic

◆2. terribly worried: sick with anxiety

◆buy: purchase

◆would not keep: were highly perishable

◆3. pay a visit to: call upon

◆territory：realm

◆a large group of: a large corps of

◆look for：seek out

◆any useful scientific information: anything instructive

◆4. complicated principles：elaborate doctrines/creeds

◆explained: developed/described/expounded

◆5. came toward: approached

◆stood up respectfully: rose in respect

◆6. looked over: examined/inspected

◆lived on: inhabited

◆from time to time: occasionally

◆thrown away: discarded

◆7. deliberately: out of choice / by design

◆an extravagant life: complexities and extravagances

◆8. hardly gave any: gave scant

◆knew that he would: expected him to

◆9. had: possessed

◆all agreed to make: unanimously elected

◆10. changed: switched

◆looking like a man born to lead a country: with his air of destiny

◆5 Translate the foil lowing sentences using the words Hosted bellow in their appropriate forms.

◆1. Only in this way can we give a reasonable account of his strange behavior /account for his strange behavior reasonably.

◆2. She claims to possess a magic power/extra-sensory perception—the power to cure diseases simply by the touch of her hand.

◆3. He appointed five people to handle the case. They formed a strong team. Within days they found the suspect possessed rolls of euros, US dollars and large quantities of valuables the source of which he could not account for.

◆in his possession rolls of euros, US dollars and large quantities of valuables the source of which the suspect could not account for.

◆4. In the story, this evil spirit often appears in the form of a pretty young lady.

◆5. He rolled up the painting and said that he wouldn't part with /sell it for less than a million dollars.

◆6. Of all the qualified judges, I don't know why she was appointed to the Supreme Court.

◆7. I don't know enough to form an elaborate theory/a set of theory, but I'm sure that poverty alone cannot account for the increase of the crime rate.

◆8. A big stone suddenly rolled down the hill, so big that it smashed the truck to pieces.

◆9. I said that we must roll up our sleeves and start working, but he just rolled his eyes philosophically/like a philopher and smiled.

◆10. In ancient times, our philosophers believed that a good king should be to/treat the people as a good father is to/treats his children. He must never treat them cruelly on any account.

◆6 Translate with special attention to the different meanings of the same word or words which happen to have the same spelling.

◆1.这事和我们没有关系，他弄错了抱怨的对象。

◆2据说这种树的树皮含有某种对癌症有疗效的物质。

◆3他们计划在那里钻一个深洞来处理核废料。但是这计划受到了尖锐的批评。

◆4这些小学生们知道语言训练需要大量的练习。但他们发现这很枯燥。

◆5 他为那位银行老板准备了一顿极其丰盛的酒席，希望这能帮公司得到那笔贷款。难怪他今天穿得这么精神！

◆6 这是大致的意思。以您的聪明，我想我就不用细说了。

◆7 瞳孔在昏暗的房间里会放大，以接受更多的光线。

◆8 那男子又高又瘦，两眼目光炯炯，鼻子又髙又尖。

◆9“别再胡说八道了！”她厉声说道。她嘴巴厉害得出名。坦白说，我们都有点怕她。

◆10 那骑车人来了个急转弯，失去了平衡。这亊发生在下午八点一刻。

◆Grammar

◆l Recognize and learn to use present participles as adverbial modifiers.

◆1 Recognize the type of adverbial modifier in these sentences.

◆Pattern 1: 1, 4, 6,10

◆Pattern 2: 3,7,8

◆Pattern 3: 2,5,9

◆2 Rewrite the sentences using present participles.

◆1. They talked to her for a good hour, trying to persuade her to stay on.

◆2. Reading the book again, she discovered that she had missed a lot in the first reading.

◆3. The door opened, it was Harley, who entered, looking dirty and tired, carrying suitcase and an umbrella.

◆4. Having taken the injured boy and his parents to hospital, the taxi driver left quietly.

◆5. All those years, she would often sit by the window and look out, hoping to see her son returning home.

◆6. Galileo died on January 8, 1642, leaving the world he loved better informed than it was when he entered it

◆7. Knowing it was dangerous to continue in the dark, they decided to camp for the night where they were.

◆8. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and (being) content in the thought that what was possible has been done.

◆2 Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets, using either of the patterns below.

◆1. the first to participate in the Olympic Games

◆2. the last to be promoted in the department

◆3. the first to arrive, the last to leave

◆4. die first to send man into space, the first who set foot on the Moon

◆5. the next to rise to the occasion

◆6. one of the first to apply to become self-governing

◆7. among the first to be considered

◆8. the first to win a Grand Slam singles champion

◆9. the last to know what had happened between the two of them

◆10. the first to use nuclear weapons

◆3 Study the grammatical structure of these involved sentences.

◆1. This is a complex sentence.

◆Main clause: all we require is one garment to keep us warm, and some shelter from rain and wind

◆In the main clause:

◆Subject: all we require (pronoun + relative clause)

◆Link verb: is

◆Predicative: one garment to keep us warm (noun phrase + /o-infinitive phrase) and some shelter from rain and wind (noun phrase + prepositional phrase)

◆Subordinate clause: since nature did not dress us properly (an adverbial clause of reason)

◆2. This is also a complex sentence

◆Main clause: it was a storage jar made of earthenware, no doubt discarded

◆In the main clause: Subject: it Link verb: was

◆Predicative: a storage jar made of earthenware, no doubt discarded (noun phrase + 2 past participle phrases)

◆Subordinate clause: because a break had made it useless (an adverbial clause of reason)

◆4 Translate the selection into Chinese.

◆我为什么而活

◆贝特朗·罗素

◆三种简单却极为强烈的激情主宰了我的一生：渴望爱情，寻求知识，同情人类的苦难，这三种激情像飓风一般，将我四处吹荡，越过痛苦的海洋，抵达绝望的边缘。

◆我追求爱情.首先因为它能使人欣喜若狂~这种喜悦如此美妙，我愿为几小时的享受而舍弃余生。其次，因它能驱散孤独感一在那种令人害怕的孤独中，颤抖的意识越过世界边缘，盯着深奥莫测，没有生命的深渊。最后，在爱的结合中，我看到了圣人和诗人想象中的天堂景象。这就是我曾寻求的，尽管这对人类生活似乎可望不可及，但我最终还是找到了我之所求。带着同等的激情，我寻求知识。我希望了解人类的感情，我试图理解……我获得了一些知识，但不多。

◆爱情和知识，在其可能的范围之内，引导我飞向天堂，但怜悯心总又把我带回人间。痛苦的哭喊声在我心中回响。饥荒中的儿童，受压迫者折磨的人们、成为孩子累赘而无依无靠的老人，还有随处可见的孤独、贫困以及痈苦，这一切郝是对人类理想生活的极大讽剌。我渴望消除这种罪恶，但我无能为力，我也痛苦。

这就是我的生活。我认为这样的生活是有价值的。如果有机会，我将高兴地以同样的方式再活一回。

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Page 39 6. Translate the following sentences into English. 1.It seemed impossible to me, but all the others looked very confident. Sth. seems (to be) + adj.(表) + to sb. 2.We looked around. There wasn't a building standing in sight. The earthquake seemed to have destroyed everything. Sth. /sb. +（seem + to do）复合谓语3.He seems to be in low spirits these days. Sth./Sb. + seem to be + 表语 wonder why. I think it's because he doesn't seem to be making much progress in his studies. He is afraid of being looked down upon by his classmates. Sb. + seem to do sth There seems to be 4.What are you looking for, Dick? I seem to have lost my key. How annoying! 5.If you find that a word doesn't seem to

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