词语运用(中考考题第3题)

中考复习考点——词语运用

班别：姓名：学号：

【复习目标】

1.能正确使用词语，集合一定的语境，通过分析比较，正确理解词语的语境义，准确使用相关的词语。

2.能根据语境辨析近义词的意义、用法、注意词语的褒贬的使用，强化同中求异的能力。

【方法指引】

1.结合具体的语境来辨析近义词的词义差别

2.结合具体的语境来辨析词语的使用对象、范围、词语的褒贬色彩等方面。

3.了解成语误用的五种类型：（1）混淆近义词；（2）望文生义；（3）褒贬不当；（4）用错对象；（5）自相矛盾、重复累赘。

【备考策略】

1．注意积累，扩大词量。

2．联系生活，辨别词义。

3．依据语境，准确推敲。

【练习检测】

1．下列句中横线上所填词语最恰当的一组是（）

（1）我们走进黄山深处，浓荫蔽日，静若太古，幽泉细语，仿佛置身世外。

（2）从来没有一个文学体裁的评奖像散文这样，有的评奖者看重文集的意识形态，有的着重揭示了多少历史真相，有的着重艺术的创新与突破。

（3）二十世纪前期，日本学者青木正儿第一次把汤显祖与莎士比亚，使东西方戏剧诗人同时活跃在世界上。

A．（1）聆听（2）众口一词（3）并驾齐驱

B．（1）谛听（2）莫衷一是（3）相提并论

C．（1）聆听（2）莫衷一是（3）并驾齐驱

D．（1）谛听（2）众口一词（3）相提并论

2．下列各句中，加点词语使用正确的一项是（）

A．治理雾霾，政府目前当务之急

．．．．是迅速采取节能减排措施，引导公众养成低碳生活习惯。

B．马来西亚航空公司MH370航班“失联”事件及由此引发的大搜索行动令人叹为观止。

．．．．．

C．面对如诗如画的瘦西湖风光，游客们兴致勃勃地拿出相机浮光掠影

．．．．地拍摄着。

D．被浮冰围困多日的中国“雪龙”号科学考察船船体前方一块大浮冰突然裂开，形成一条清晰

的水道，真可谓柳暗花明

．．．．。半小时后，“雪龙”号成功突围。

3．下列句子中加点的成语运用不恰当的一项是（）

A．许多风华正茂

．．．．的大学生，放弃城市生活，毅然参加农村支教活动的精神令人称赞。

B．对于“我”是否应该向万芳要回羚羊木雕，同学们讨论激烈，莫衷一是

．．．．。

C．语文教师多讲授中国传统文化经典篇目，学生会在潜移默化

．．．．中提升传统文化素养。

D．在山东招远一家麦当劳餐厅，六名“全能神”邪教成员打人致死的暴行耸人听闻

．．．．。

4. 下列句子中加点词语使用不恰当的一项是（）

A．阅读是源头活水，课堂是半亩方塘，只有把活水引入方塘，语文教学才能清澈如许，这是不．

言而喻

．．．的。

B．“这些网络游戏就是化了妆的魔鬼，是在教唆犯罪。”一位参加过网络游戏测评的教育界人

士义愤填膺

．．．．地说。

C．在新农村建设中，某些地方政府不是因地制宜

．．．．，而是大拆大建，把好端端的民心工程变成了劳民伤财的形象工程。

D．索契冬奥会上，与短道速滑带来的激情不同，花样滑冰的别样舞美给观众一帆风顺

．．．的感受。

5.选出依次填入下列句子横线处词语恰当的一项（）

①他眼睛里的那个黑夜的世界，渐渐地泛起淡淡的光，像银亮的雾_____着周围的一切。

②物候_____的数据反映气温、湿度等气候条件的综合，也反映气候条件对于生物的影响。

③“正确答案只有一个”这种思维模式，在我们头脑中已不知不觉地_____。

A.覆盖观察根深蒂固

B.笼罩观察坚不可摧

C.笼罩观测根深蒂固

D.覆盖观测坚不可摧

6．下列句中加点词语使用错误的一项是（）

A．拆迁工作进行得井然有序

．．．．，几乎没有发生什么争执。

B．马的头部比例整齐，却给它一种轻捷的神情，而这种神情又恰好与颈部的美各得其所

．．．．。

C．多么宁静的世界哟，万籁俱寂

．．．．，没有百鸟啾啾，没有树叶沙沙……

D．每年由“生物入侵者”造成的经济损失就高达两千多亿美元，面对这样的天文数字，人们岂

能无动于衷

．．．．。

7．下列加点的成语使用有错误的一项是（）

A．随着天气越来越热，小伙伴们对冰淇淋的渴望也与日俱增

．．．．。

B．泰州城区的内环水系和外环水系已融会贯通

．．．．，营造出了“双水绕城”的城市景观。

C．面对成绩，有的人忘乎所以

．．．．，停滞不前，有的人再接再厉，继续前进。

D．在京剧《霸王别姬》中，梅兰芳以惟妙惟肖

．．．．的表演，成功塑造了重情重义的虞姬形象。8．在下列横线处依次填入词语，最恰当的一项是（）

明末陈眉公在《小窗幽记》中说：“多躁者，必无_______之识；多畏者，必无___ 之见；多欲者，必无____之节；多言者，必无____之心；多勇者，必无文学之雅。”言近旨远，值得玩味。A．卓越笃实沉潜慷慨 B．慷慨沉潜笃实卓越

C．笃实慷慨卓越沉潜 D．沉潜卓越慷慨笃实

9．下列各句中，加点的成语使用不恰当的一项是（）

A．2014年6月2日，一场创意音乐分享会亮相湖北省博物馆，编钟古乐和西洋乐首次混搭合奏，

振聋发聩

．．．．，令不少观众大呼过瘾。

B．当人们还在津津乐道

．．．．“余额宝”给传统银行业带来的冲击时，中国互联网金融的开拓者们已经敏锐地察觉到新一轮机会的来临。

C．城市是农民工的谋生之地，也应该是他们的幸福家园。要让他们真正在城市安居乐业

．．．．，在同意片蓝天下幸福生活，关键是破除制度藩篱，解决“身份”背后的社会管理和基本公共服务问题。

D．任何一个国家在安全面前都难以独善其身

．．．．。只有通过对话与合作，亚洲各国才能共同应对挑战，共维稳定，共享安全。

10.下列各句中加点成语使用不恰当的一项是（）

A.今天小学同学聚会，我看到了张明，真想不到当年拿起英语书就头疼的他，竟然能说出一口流

利的英语，真得刮目相看

．．．．了。

B．莲有袅娜可爱的茎叶，有矫嫩雅致的花朵，有沁人心脾

．．．．的清香。

C．好一幅“梅花闹春”图，这妙手回春

．．．．之作，把人们带到了融融春光之中。

D.到了秋天，果实成熟，植物的叶子渐渐变黄，在秋风中簌簌地落下来；北雁南飞，活跃在田间

草地的昆虫也都销声匿迹

．．．．了。

11.下列句子中加点词语使用正确的一项是（）

A．经过细细品味

．．，她明白了“人不是因为美丽才可爱，而是因为可爱才美丽”的含义

B．旧房改造项目实施之后，我市乡村住房改头换面

．．．．，整齐亮丽的新居遍布右江南北。

C．由于唐雯生病，前些日子见不到他的作品，败笔

．．一段时间后，她又开始写作了。

D．暴恐分子制造的多起爆炸、砍杀事件对整个社会造成了耸人听闻

．．．．的恶劣影响。

12．下列句中空白处，依次填入的词语最恰当的一项是（）

行走大地宛如行在① 的诗页间。虽然我在大地上留下的脚印远不及一片树叶上

的叶脉，每一次与雄山秀水的对话也都说不上② ，但是，当我的心智在大自然的启迪中一次次开放如花，我与高山流水的亲近就成了一次次诗意阅读。这种阅读是鲜活的，流动的，因而也就永远是崭新的。衬以阅历的底色，浪花会翻卷成诗韵，落叶会飘落成警句。大地诗页的阅读，是一种生命的③ ，更是一种生长于大地的生命的张扬。

A．①纷飞②刻不容缓③充沛 B．①缤纷②刻骨铭心③充实

C．①纷纭②刻意求工③充裕 D．①纷纷②刻意经营③充足

13.填入下列句子空白处的词语恰当的一项是（）

①从这一刻起，中国恢复对香港行使主权，英国在香港长达156年的殖民统治宣告。

②在车轮扬起的滚滚黄尘里，在一片恼怒的喇叭声里，那一片清阴不再有用处。

③你没有刻苦钻研的精神，坐着，也可能是小和尚念经，有口无心。

A.破灭焦躁如果即使

B.破灭燥热虽然但是

C.终结燥热虽然但是

D.终结焦躁如果即使

14．下列句子中，加点词语使用错误的一项是（）

A．站在罗布泊边缘，你能看清那一道道肋骨的排列走向，看到沧海桑田

．．．．的痕迹，你会感到这胸膛里面深藏的痛苦与无奈。

B．黄岩岛是中国固有领土，由海南省西南中沙群岛办事处实施行政管制

．．。

C．由于

．．它比私车使用更方便，更快捷，因此，不仅政府高官，甚至企业巨头也乘公交车上班。D．这个队的姑娘个个都是身体结实、技术成熟、经验丰富的选手，在今年广元女儿节的国际凤

舟赛上夺冠，应该是十拿九稳

．．．．的事。

15.下列句子中加点成语使用恰当的一项是（）

A．慈善家邵逸夫为内地的科教文卫事业捐赠近47.5亿港元，真是兼济天下，无所不为

．．．．。

B．中海公园里，高低错落的树木鳞次栉比

．．．．，游客徜徉其中，流连忘返。

C．与书为友能够让我们获益匪浅

．．．．，既能增长阅历，又能丰富知识，增添情趣。

D．面对这让人叹为观止

．．．．的舌尖上的浪费，越来越多的人开始反思“中国式盛宴”。

16.下列语句中加点的成语使用有误的一项是（）

A.为了实现心中的梦想，在中考冲刺阶段，同学们刻苦学习，几乎达到了忘乎所以

．．．．的程度

B.在乒乓球世锦赛中，李晓霞针对对手的特点，随机应变

．．．．，巧妙运用各种战术，赢得胜利。

C.人生路上有时山高难攀，海阔难越，只要我们锲而不舍

．．．．，定会登上理想之巅，到达梦想之岸。

D.四川爱乐交响乐团每月举办的免费音乐会，将音乐无与伦比

．．．．的美，带给了成都的广大市民。17．下列句子中加点词语使用不恰当的一项是（）

A．旋风一样，是飞扬

．．的流苏；乱蛙一样，是蹦跳的脚步；火花一样，是闪射的瞳仁。

B．母亲啊！你是荷叶，我是红莲，心中的雨点来了，除了你，谁是我在无遮拦天空下的荫蔽

．．？

C．垃圾广告、恶意插件、暴力游戏和八卦新闻等充斥着互联网，令网民不厌其烦

．．．．。

D．“光盘行动”、“十面霾伏”等词语从众多网络新词中脱颖而出

．．．．，获评2013年度十大新词语。

18.（2分）依次填入下列横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（）

从出土的楚乐器看，编钟与编磬往往在一起，以构成“金石之声”。编钟音色丰富优美，重击如，轻敲若，闻之令人心旷神怡；编磬至今仍有优美的音质，并刻有以凤鸟为主题的凹凸纹饰。这些凤鸟，有的回首展翅，有的昂首远眺，有的仅露首尾神态盎然，充分体现了楚人声形兼美的匠心。

A.风动杨柳雷霆万钧栩栩如生动感十足

B.风动杨柳雷霆万钧动感十足栩栩如生

C.雷霆万钧风动杨柳栩栩如生动感十足

D.雷霆万钧风动杨柳动感十足栩栩如生

19.下列句子中加点的成语使用有误的一项是（）

A.全市上下众志成城

．．．．，誓把襄阳建设成汉水流域中心城市。

B.吴铭辉三度割皮救父的孝义之举，让人油然而生

．．．．敬意。

C.今年3月，昆明火车站发生了石破天惊

．．．．的严重暴力恐怖事件。

D.对于马航MH370客机的离奇失踪，人们议论纷纷，莫衷一是

．．．．。

答案：

1 B

2.（2分）D。A句中的“当务之急”，与句中“目前”语义重复；B句中的“叹为观止”，表示毛病美好事物好到了极占；C句中的“浮光掠影”，指观察不细，印象不深；D句中的“柳暗花明”，在困境中出现希望或转机。

3.B

4. D

5.C

6.B【解释】B项是指马的神情与颈部两者之间的相互配合，此处宜用相得益彰。（相得益彰是指两个人或者两件事物互相配合，使二者的能力、作用、好处能得到充分展示；各得其所是指每一个人或事物都得到合适的安顿）

7. B

8． D

【思路点拨】在理解各备选词语的基础上，结合句子环境中的“多躁”“多畏”“多欲”“多言”。【方法归类】搞清词语的意思、适用范围、搭配习惯和色彩，搞清句子环境。两者匹配就正确，否则就错。

9.A

10.C

11.A

12．D（危言耸听，故意说吓人的话，使听的人吃惊，与D句语境不符，应用“骇人听闻”）14.B

13.D

14. B．(管制，是强制管理，黄岩岛是中国固有领土，应用“管辖”一词，管辖，管理统辖)

15.C

16.A

17. 3C 应该是“不胜其烦”。

18. D

19.C

（象圣中学编稿）

.

中考英语词语运用做题技巧[1]

中考英语词语运用专项练习 每日谚语 Diligence is the first step to succeed.自信是走向成功的第一步。 学习目标：1，熟记词性变化顺口溜，以防选词正确但词性错误而前功尽弃。 2，认真研究领悟技巧分析的24条经验总结，以达到以不变应万变。 3，通过本节课的学习，努力让自己的词语运用题能提高1-2分。解题策略（步骤）: 研、寻、定、查 解题技巧 A 分析词性：各种词性本身的变化情况 为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜： 空前空后要注意，名词单复要牢记，还有’s不能弃； 动词注意要变形（共4种）；形、副注意用三级； 要填数词请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”； 填入代词需慎重，五格变化要谨记； 介词、连词最省力，看见照抄就可以。 B.注意各种词性之间的相互转换。 1.v.+er/or--n.(人) eg. teach visit invent 2.adj.+ly---adv. eg. Careful quick 3.n.+ly---adj. eg. Friend month 4.adj---n. eg.Important different health 5.v.---adj. eg.die miss 6.v.+tion---n. eg. Invent pollute 7.v.+ment---n. eg. develop move 8.adj.+ness---n. eg. happy sad

9.--less是adj.的词尾,并且是反义eg. careful helpful C.具体情况分析 1.be后面可以填三种形式：现在分词、过去分词或形容词。- - - be + Ving构成进行时；be + adj.表状态; be +Ved2 构成被动语态 2.冠词、形容词、物主代词和名词所有格后填名词。 ----- a/an/the + n. ; adj. + n. ；物主代词+n. ; n’s +n. 3.名词前可填形容词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。 ------ adj. +n. ；物主代词+n.；n’s+n 4.动词或动词短语后填副词------v.+ adv. 或adv. +v. 5.两个句子之间填连词 6.冠词和名词之间填形容词。------冠词+ adj. +n. 7.have/has/had 后首先考虑填动词的过去分词 ------have /has /had +Ved2构成现在完成时态 8.数字(除one外)后面填名词复数,序数词后填名词单数。 ------基数词(除one外)+ n. (pl.)序数词+n.(单数) 9.如果需要填数词，则看名词，名词是复，填基数词；名词是单数填序数词或one --基数词+ n. (pl.) 序数词/ one +n.(单数) 10.通过所缺词前后的关键词，填出答案。如： many / few / several / most + n. (pl.) ; much + -er ; -er +than 11.句首空词，并且后面有逗号，考虑填副词。 ------However,/Luckily ,/ Unluckily Also, / Most importantly , +句子 12.句中不缺成分，考虑填副词，句末一定是副词 13.通过固定短语填出所缺的词。 eg. keep in touch with ; play a joke on ; be on a visit to

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make progress on the piano, one day, a boy 70. to a Paderewski’s concert by his mother. After they were seated, the mother saw a friend and walked up to g reet her, leaving the boy alone in 71. seat. Catching the chance to explore the wonders of the concert hall, the little boy stood up and finally made his way through a door 72. marked “No Admittance(进入)” . Soon, the hall got dark and the concert about to begin. When the mother 73. to her seat, discovered that the child was missing. Suddently the lights focused on the piano on the stage. In surprise, the mother

work can be truly beautiful. Next time, you set out to achieve great works, listen carefully. You can hear the voice of the master, whispering in your ear, “Don’t stop. Keep playing.” 解析 70. 考查一般过去时的被动语态,一天，一个小男孩被他妈妈带到 帕德雷夫斯基的音乐会。根据后文“by his mother”及上下文时态可知was taken。 71. 考查物主代词。根据上下文可知“把小男孩独自留在他的座位

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