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初中英语形容词和副词资料教案

初中英语形容词和副词资料教案
初中英语形容词和副词资料教案

Unit 15 (II) 形容词和副词

形容词:表示人或事物的特征。形容词与其修饰语(如very等)以及附加成分(如介词短语、than引导的比较结构)等一起构成形容词短语,在句中可用做定语、表语、宾语补足语等。形容词有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。

副词:表示行为或性质的特征。副词与其修饰语(如very等)以及附加成分(如than引导的比较结构等)一起构成副词短语,在句中用做各种状语、修饰语等,副词有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。

形容词和副词在句子成分中对比

一、形容词在句中可作如下成分:

1.形容词做定语:说明名词的性质和特征,通常置于名词前。

如:

In late winter there is always something exciting to happen.

下列情况下,形容词通常置于所修饰的名称后面:a.

修饰复合不定代词,b. afraid, alive, alone, asleep, awake.

等带前缀a- 的形容词。如:

“Is there anything wrong here?” he asked, being a man

always afraid for his safely.

下列形容词通常不用前置定语(只用做表语和宾语补足语):带前缀a-的形容词;几个表示健康状况的形

容词(ill,well,unwell等),如:

The girl who was very ill was found fast asleep at night.

2.形容词作表语:形容词位于联系动词后,说明主语的性质

和特征。

She is getting old.

3.宾语补足语:用于复合宾语及物动词的宾语后,说明宾语

的性质

和特征。

We found it impossible to refuse his offer.

4.用作名词:下列三种形容词可加上定冠词用作名词:a. 指

一类人:the old,the young … b. 指某一民族的人:the

English,the French,the Chinese…c. 指抽象概念:the

bad,the best,the true,the worst…如:

The British always think the young should respect the old.

二、副词可在句中作如下成分:

1.状语:

动词状语——说明行为发生的时间、地点、方式、程度等,

在句中的位置比较灵活,常置于句末,也可置于动词前(时

间频度副词和程度副词等常如此)或句首。如:

Yesterday his youngest son went abroad.

They thought very highly of his work and rather liked him.

全句状语——说明说话者对所说内容或说话方式的评论,

或起连接上下文的作用,通常皆置于句首,后往往有逗号

与全句隔开。如:

Surely, nobody will believe what he said.

Frankly, I don’t think it’s of much use.

2.修饰语:

修饰形容词——如:almost, fairly, perfectly, pretty, quite,

rather, really, so, too, very, completely, highly, nearly等,置于

形容词之前(仅enough一词除外)如:

The box is a little too long but just wide enough to put the

dictionary in.

修饰副词——通常表示程度,如:almost, fairly, perfectly,

pretty, quite, rather, really, so, too, very等,置于副词前(仅

enough一词除外)如:

He got up quite early, so arrived there early enough to see

him before he left.

修饰介词短语——仅表示程度,如:almost, completely,

nearly, just, quite, right, well等置于介词前。如:

She looks just like her mother.

修饰名词短语——仅个别表示程度的副词(如quite,

rather)可做名词的前置修饰语,但不少表示时间、地点

的副词可做名词的后置修饰语。如:

We has rather a hard time. The hill ahead was too high.

3.其他

做表语——有的副词(如down, up, in, out, on, off, over等)

可用于联系动词后。如;

He has been down ever since he heard the bad news.

做介词宾语——有的表示时间、地点的副词可用在某些介

词后做介词宾语。如:

I had not thought seriously of that till then.

形容词和副词比较级的构成:P55

1.绝大多数单音节形容词是规则变化:

如:tall----taller---tallest short---shorter---shortest

fine---finer---finest nice---nicer---nicest

free---freer---freest

big---bigger---biggest fat---fatter---fattest

shy---shier---shiest early---earlier---earliest 注意:有的单音节形容词不用此方式候场比较等级形式,如:fond,glad,pleased,real,right,tired,wrong等。

2.许多多音节形容词(多以非重读元音结尾)

如:tidy---tidier---tidiest

narrow---narrower---narrowest

able---abler---ablest

bitter---bitterer---bitterest

polite---politer---politest

quiet---quieter---quietest

注意:上面除以-y结尾的双音节词也可加more,most构成比较等级形式,且使用更广。用做形容词的ing 分词及ed

分词,不可用此方式构成比较等级形式。

3.加more,most

多音节形容词

handsome---more handsome---most handsome

双音节形容词

narrow---more narrow---most narrow

4.不规则形式

原级比较级最高级

good better best

bad, ill worse worst

far farther(further) farther(further)

old older(elder) older(elder)

much, many more most

little less least 副词的比较级:(参照形容词的比较等级)

总的规律是:通常加more/most,不多的单音节副词等加词尾-er,-est构成。

单音节fast faster fastest

个别双音节词often oftener oftenest(更常加more,most)

不规则变化well better best

badly worse worst

形容词和副词比较等级的用法:(大致相同)

1.比较级+ than :形容词或副词前可有much, far, rather, hardly,

still, even, a lot, a little, a bit, a good deal, no, any等程度修饰

语,如:

He is (even) older than she (is) (or than her).

He runs much faster than she.

2.less + 比较级+ than:形容词或副词前可有much, far, a lot 等

修饰词。

He is less old than she.

He runs less faster than she.

3.as +原级+ as:形容词或副词前可有twice, three times, half,

almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite等修饰词。

He is as tall as she.

He runs as fast as she.

4.not so/as +原级+as:形容词或副词前可有twice, almost, nearly,

2018中考英语形容词和副词用法总结

形容词和副词用法总结及练习 一、形容词: (一)概念:形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,通常分成两类: 1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。 2. 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词,大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。 例如:afraid, asleep, awake, alone, alive, awake, ashamed, alike。 其他常见表语形容词:worth, ready, sorry, well (二)形容词在句中的位置:有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置形容词;少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后,称为后置形容词。 1)当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时,形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为: (限定词)→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→(名词)。如: There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village. 2)【重点】当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时,或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing 等的时候,便会出现后置形容词。如: The boy interested in music is my brother. Do you have anything interesting to tell us? 二、副词: (一)概念:用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词。例如:not(不),here(这里),now(现在)。 不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。如: Have you read this book before? (副词,作时间状语) He will arrive before ten o’clock. (介词,before ten o’clock 是介词短语,作时间状语) (二)副词的种类 1、时间副词: 1)表示发生时间的副词:It’s beginning to rain now! 现在开始下雨了! 2)表示频繁程度的副词,也称频度副词:always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实义动词之前: She often changes her mind. 3)还有一些其他表示时间的副词:He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。 2、地点副词: 1)表示地点的副词:She is studying abroad. 她在国外留学。 2)以where 构成的副词也是地点副词:It’s the same everywhere. 到处都一样。 3、【重点】方式副词 1)英语中有大量方式副词,说明行为方式(回答how的问题):How beautifully your wife dances. 2)表示情绪的副词:She smiled gratefully. 3)还有一些以-ly结尾的副词,表示动作发生的状况:He left the town secretly. 4、【重点】程度副词和强调副词 1)程度副词可修饰动词,表示“到某种程度”:Is she badly hurt? 她伤得重吗? [说明] 这类副词除修饰动词外,还可修饰形容词(a)或另一副词(b): a. fairly simple 相当简单quite correct 完全正确 干得很快 2 b. 修饰比较级:You sing much better than me. Their house is much nicer than ours. 5. 【重点】疑问副词和连接副词 1)疑问副词:疑问副词用来引导特殊问句: 2)连接副词:连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样,但都引导从句或与不定式连用: how: Do you know how to start this machine? 你知道这台机器怎样启动吗? where: I don’t know where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪儿。(引导宾语从句) 6. 一些其它类型的副词,如表示方向的副词:Let’s go ins ide. Take two steps forward. (三)副词的位置 1. 副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如: Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首) I often get up at six. (句中) Please speak slowly. 2. 副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面如: These flowers are quite beautiful. (在形容词前)这些花相当漂亮。

(专题精选)初中英语语法知识—形容词的单元汇编含答案

一、选择题 1.— President Xi said that we are, we will be. —That's really true, we can only live a better life by working hard. A.the hard-working; the luckier B.the more hard-working; the luckier C.more hard-working; luckier 2.一Lucy, do you have any plans to spend your five-day holiday? 一I will go to Xiamen a second time. I have never visited city A.a most fantastic B.the most fantastic C.a more fantastic D.the more fantastic 3.一Do you think the weather will be all right for a weekend outing? 一No, unless we're . The newspaper says it'll be very hot anyway. A.lucky B.confident C.wrong D.crazy 4.The population of China is ___________ than that of Russia. And this makes the traffic in China ___________. A.much larger, more crowded B.much more, more crowdedly C.much larger, more crowdedly D.much more, more crowded 5.I looked at a few printers, and among them the one from China was ________ to use. A.easy B.easier C.easiest D.the easiest 6.We are covering these ____________ girls’ wonderful p erformances ______ . A.lively; live B.lively; alive C.alive; live D.alive; living 7.—Let’s go to Wanda Movie Theater? It has a large screen. —But it is _____________ of all the cinemas in Jinan. A.expensive B.more expensive C.most expensive D.the most expensive 8.A walk every day is enough to keep you healthy and in good shape. A.30-minute B.30-minutes C.30 minute's D.30-minutes' 9.The sky in Zhengzhou these days is even , so we don’t have to wear the masks. A.more clearly B.more clearlier C.fresher D.more fresher 10.—What do you think of the TV series All is well? —Oh, I am so moved because I’ve never seen a_________ one before. A.better B.worse C.good D.bad 11.— What do you think of it? — Oh, I think it's that I have ever seen. A.one of most interesting movie B.one of the most interesting movie C.one of the most interesting movies D.one of most interesting movies 12.I can’t tell you how fantastic the film Secret Superstar is! It’s the ______ one I have ever seen. A.better B.best C.worse D.worst

英语形容词和副词的用法解析

形容词和副词 一、形容词 形容词修饰名词/不定代词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。一般放所修饰名词前作定语,也可独立作表语/宾补等 1、作定语:① this is an interesting story. 2、作表语:① YaO Ming is Very tall. 3、作宾补:① don't make your hands dirty.② kitty is a CIeVer cat. ② our CIaSSroom is big and bright. ② we're tryi ng to make our school beautiful. 可将形容词分成性质形容词+叙述形容词,不一定都放在名词前面 1、直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句 中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot热的。 2、叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词 修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid害怕的。 (错)He is an ill man. (对)The man is ill. (错)She is an afraid girl. (对)The girl is afraid. 这类词还well, Unwell , ill,faint,afraid , alike,alive,alone ,asleep,awake 3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thi ng为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词后。例如:SOmething nice 二、以-ly结尾的形容词 1、大部分形容词加-ly 可构成副词。但 friendly ,deadly , lovely , lonely ,likely , lively,ugly,brotherly ,仍为形容词。 改错:(错) She Sang lovely. (错) He spoke to me Very friendly. (对) Her Si ngi ng WaS lovely. (对) He spoke to me in a Very frie ndly way. 2、有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。daily,WeekIy,monthly ,yearly,early ① The TimeS is a daily paper. ② The TimeS is PUbIiShed daily. 三、用形容词表示类别和整体 1、某些形容词加上定冠词可泛指一类人,谓语用复数。女口: the dead ,the living ,the rich ,the poor , the blind ,the hungry 。------ The poor are losing hope. 2、有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词复数连用。the BritiSh,the English,the FrenCh ,the Chinese. -------- The English have wonderful SenSe of humor. 四、多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时,顺序:限定词 --数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色)--出处--

(完整word版)最全初中英语语法之-形容词副词教案(已打印两份)

形容词 一.定义: 用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词 二. 形容词的作用,见下表: 注意:有些形容词只能作表语,如:alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如:Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone. 形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything 等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。 例如: You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room. 多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是:1)冠词或人称代词2)数词3)性质4) 大小5)形状6)表示老少,新旧7)颜色8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。例如:His grandpa still lives in this small short house他. 爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。 The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates那. 个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。这类 词有:rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示 人种等)。 例如:The young should take good care of the old年. 轻人应该好好照顾老人。 The rich never help the poor in this country在. 这个国家,富人从来不帮助穷人。 形容词短语做定语时要后置。 如:They are the students easy to teac他h.们是很容易较的学生。 We live in a house much larger than yours我. 们住的房子比你们的大得多。 else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。

最新初中英语语法知识—形容词的专项训练(1)

一、选择题 1.A walk every day is enough to keep you healthy and in good shape. A.30-minute B.30-minutes C.30 minute's D.30-minutes' 2.一Lucy, do you have any plans to spend your five-day holiday? 一I will go to Xiamen a second time. I have never visited city A.a most fantastic B.the most fantastic C.a more fantastic D.the more fantastic 3.一Do you think the weather will be all right for a weekend outing? 一No, unless we're . The newspaper says it'll be very hot anyway. A.lucky B.confident C.wrong D.crazy 4.The population of China is ___________ than that of Russia. And this makes the traffic in China ___________. A.much larger, more crowded B.much more, more crowdedly C.much larger, more crowdedly D.much more, more crowded 5.— How do you come to school every day, by bus or by bike? —By bus. It’s much __________ than by bike. A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest 6.We are covering these ____________ girls’ wonderful performances ______ . A.lively; live B.lively; alive C.alive; live D.alive; living 7.I'm surprised that Jenny is 42. I thought she was , for she seems to be in her thirties. A.younger B.older C.young D.old 8.- I’m very tired these days because of this exam. - Why not listen to music? It can make you ______. A.relaxed B.sad C.scared D.bored 9.It is said that e-schoolbags are going to be brought into use in Chinese middle schools soon. In fact. It is a small computer that is __________ than a usual schoolbag but holds all the things for study, such as a _________,an exercise book and so on. A.much smaller, testbook B.even smaller, textbook C.far smaller, comic book 10.—Good news! We will have a ________ holiday. —I’ve heard of it. But it’s coming in ________. A.three days; three days’ time B.three days’; three days’ C.three-day; three days D.three days; three-day time 11.Some students are so . They often make mistakes in their homework. A.careful B.serious C.careless D.successful

英语人教版九年级全册形容词、副词专题教案

形容词、副词专题教案 【复习目标】 ▲明确形容词和副词的用法及其相互转换形式。 ▲掌握常用形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成方法。 ▲掌握少数形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的不规则变化。 ▲掌握形容词和副词的比较等级用法。 【知识要点】 (一)形容词和副词的用法: 形容词的用法: 形容词是指用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。一般放在它所修饰的名词前作定语,也可独立作表语或宾语补足语等。 i. 作定语: ii. 作表语: Yao Ming is very tall. Our classroom is big and bright.

iii. 作宾语补足语: Don't make your hands dirty. We're trying to make our school beautiful. 注意: a. 有些形容词只能作表语。如:alone, afraid, asleep等。 如:That old man feels alone because his children are out. I'm afraid he can't come. b. 形容词与不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything等连用时,要放在这些词后面。 如:There is something wrong with my DVD machine. It's nothing serious. c. 某些形容词可以和定冠词连用,表示一类人或事物,其作用相当于一个名词。 如:the young(年轻人),the poor(穷人), the rich(富人) d. 如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时,其前后排列顺序一般如下: 限定词(a/the, this/some/her……)+数量词(先序数词后基数词)+观点+大小+形状+新旧+颜色+产地+材料+名词。

(英语)初中英语形容词专项训练及答案及解析

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初中英语形容词与副词总复习

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作用例句 定语You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden. 表语Your coat is too small. The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy. 宾语补足 语 注意:有些形容词只能作表语,如:alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如: Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone. 形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。例如: You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room. 多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是:1)冠词或人称代词? 2)数词? 3)性质 4)大小? 5)形状 6)表示老少,新旧? 7)颜色? 8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。例如: His grandpa still lives in this small short house.

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