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大学英语作文写作技巧指导

大学英语作文写作技巧指导
大学英语作文写作技巧指导

大学英语作文写作技巧指导

安保良2010.6

谈起大学英语作文,很多同学都感到茫然。棘手程度大有“下笔一句话,捻断数根须”的感觉。其实大学英语作文不外乎就是用200字左右的英文简要的阐述一个观点、描述一个现象或是记叙一件事情等等。可以说如果是换成中文来写,估计连很多小学生都能写得的心应手,但改成了用英文来写,可就难倒了芸芸众生啊。

那么问题何在呢,就我自己多年来的学习和教学经验看来,主要存在以下三个方面的原因:

第一英语基础知识太差,简称根基不牢。

第二英语应用能力太差,简称实战不足。

第三英语思维能力太差,简称语感不强。

以上三个方面详细说来,主要包括以下内容:

A.根基不牢主要体现在:

1.语法知识太差:写作完全不注意句子、句式、结构、时态、数的变化。

2.词汇量太少:通篇的单词错误,或是只能用初级浅显的词汇重复的表达。

3.表达积累不够:单调的重复一种表达,口水话连篇,或是句子生硬无活力。

B.实战不足主要体现在:

1.不能很好的审题:对写作要求把握不切题,甚至直接写偏题。

2.不知道如何着手:拿到话题半天下不了笔,不知道如何开头。特别是遇到陌生话题或体裁的文章更是一头雾水,找不着北。

C.语感不强主要体现在:

1.表达不够精炼:所写的句子大都是中国式英语,把汉英两种语言的表达习惯混为

一谈。

2.逻辑不够清晰:文章层次不明、混乱不堪,想一句写一句。句子和句子之间、段落和段落之间缺乏连贯性。

3.写作速度缓慢:用英文组织篇章的能力较差,半天写不出一句话,大有抓破头皮抠一句话之势。

总结来说,根据以上分析的问题所在,大致可以做出以下对策:

1.提高基础知识:

a.买本简易的语法讲解书,细致的分析各

种语法现象,把自己弄不懂的单独勾画

出来,通过查资料和请教老师等手段一

直到弄懂为止。

b.准备一本四级词汇书,并分析历年的三、

四级考试题型中出现的常用词汇和表

达,坚持记忆和听写。并注意分析词汇

规律,找到最合适的记忆方法。

c.把历年的四级写作范文反复的诵读,并

且背诵10篇左右自己喜欢的文章,积累各种句式和表达。

2.提高实战运用能力:

a.每拿到一篇文章都需要仔细阅读题干要求,确定所写的体裁是议论文、记叙文或是应用文等。并且对所给的outline部分一定要仔细阅读,并融入到自己的写作当中。

b.总结历次的写作规律,积累大量的经典句型和表达习惯。能很快的结合题干做好开篇首段的引入。要求平时在练习写作的时候,快速组织语言,并在大脑中储存大量首段的起始型表达句式。同时要尽可能多的接触各种题材的文章,多积累些素材,以扫除知识储备的空白。如果遇到自己没见过的题材或是话题,也不必惊慌。三、四级作文大都有固定的套路,要冷静审题,并在脑子里或是草稿本上理出写作思路,然后结合自己的知识储备逐步逐步的展开,文章依然

水到渠成。

3.提高思维能力

a.学会摘录名篇名句,用大量经典和优美的表达为自己的文章润色。不管是词汇、短语还是句子都要力求精准、地道。平时要学会背诵和模仿,反复的诵读课文或是课外读物上的一些地道语的表达,以逐步摆脱汉语式的表达习惯。

b.学会用英语来思考问题和描述问题,这就要求平时进行大量的口语练习和写作练习,不管是随机的还是计划好的,要做到随时提及到一个问题,马上要用英文快速的做出反应,强制自己的大脑用英语快速思维,扫除语言障碍。如果出现了障碍就马上停下来,分析障碍出现的原因,解决后马上重复练习,直到能脱口而出,信手拈来。

c.平时练习写作的时候要给自己限定时间,三级作文30分钟100字左右,四级作文30分钟150字左右。平时可以限定

自己在25分钟内完成写作要求,注意思维的敏捷性,同时也要注意提高自己的

写作速度,不过也要兼顾自己的书写美

观度。

以下是两篇优秀范文,请大家注意分析和总结:

1.W riting(三级作文):5.12地震给灾区人

民带来巨大的灾难,特别是对灾区的小

孩子们心灵带来巨大的重创,请你以大

学生的名义给灾区孩子写一封慰问信,

要求不少于100字。

A Letter to Children in the Disaster

May, 10, 2009 Dear my little friends,

You may feel surprised to receive my letter and even don’t know who I am. But It doesn't’ matter and I am writing to you to extend my best wishes and my consolation.

I am a college student, so you can call me big sister. The earthquake has taken away many things you loved and cared, but to our great fortune, you all survived. Please never lose your hope of continuing your life and never give up the determination to conquer the disaster. Remember that there are always a lot of people who are giving their concerns and love to you all the time. Although we have not seen each other, we are still living in one big family.

Cheer up and go on with your life with great courage. Tomorrow will be better!

Yours sincerely

XXXX

2.w riting(四级作文)当前伴随着人类文

明的发展和社会的进步,世界进入了一个新的时代,但是与之同时的是野生动物却遭遇了灭顶之灾。全球大量的野生动物数量急剧下降,甚至很多物种已经灭绝或是走向灭绝。请以保护野生动物为话题,分析形势并给出解决方案,要求不少于150字

Saving animals

There is an undeniable fact that the number of animals is declining faster than ever before. According to a recent survey made by some experts, about 37 species

disappear from our earth every year. It is obvious that the problem has become a serious one worth our concern.

When we explore this problem, some underlying factors emerge. In the very first place, human beings have played a big part. With the fast development of human society, the environment is much destroyed, and animals lose their home. Accordingly, some species become extinct. What’s more, people hunt animals for food and skin. A good case in point is that the Japanese have killed a lot of whales because they like to eat the meat. In addition, human beings are largely responsible for the pollution of natural environment, and poison animals in many ways.

The current problem, I believe, should be solved immediately. First of all, our government should play a key role in making relevant rules and protecting

animals. Secondly, the general public should also be educated to value the existence of these animals on our planet.

All in all, animals belong, as important as human beings, to the same one planet. We should live together harmoniously and make the world more beautiful.

为了使同学们的写作表达更加精炼,我特搜集了一些语言表达,请同学们认真积累,并灵活使用:

第一遣词(words selection)

1.非常:very much/quite a

lot/greatly/extremely/highly/ extraordinarily/profoundly/considerably/

2.巨大:

giant/massive/immense/powerful/enormou s/magnificent/greatness/vastness/tremend ous

3.深刻、深远:

deeply/profoundly/deep-going/deep and far/far-reaching/everlasting/impressive

4.不同寻常、杰出:

extraordinary/excellent/outstanding/excep tional/superior/distinguished/prominent/u nique/eminent/well-known/celebrated/dist inctive/unique

5.壮

观:spectacular/splendid/gorgeous/glorious /magnificent/brilliant/breathtaking

6.好的:

fabulous/amazing/sensational/great/incred ible/unbelievable/perfect

7.目前: nowadays/at the present time/ presently/ currently/recently/ lately/so far

8.过去:in the past/ long long ago/ several years ago/ decades ago/ centuries ago

9.时间:for a while/ for generations/ in a short while/ right now/ at once/ ever after

10.数量: plenty of/a great deal of/ a large number of/a big amount of / few of/ a small proportion of/ a little bit

of/ abundant/ considerable/ rich and colourful/plentiful/ copious/a pile of /a stack of/ a dozen of/ a bunch of / a handful of/

11.范围: a wide range of/ a large scale of/ a small scope of / under such extent/ to some extent/ to be expanded/ to be narrowed/ to extend/ to spread/ to stretch

12.种类: a type of / a sort of / a variety of/ category/class/level/species

13.足够:

enough/adequate/sufficient/fulfilled/ more than enough/ rich and full

14.感谢: appreciate/thankful/ grateful/ gratitude/acknowledgement/

15.悲痛:

painful/sorrowful/grieved/miserable/unple asant/deep sorrow/terrible

16.消极negative/ passive/ destructive/harmful/side-effect/downside

17.积极:

positive/active/constructive/helpful/benefi cial/profitable/promising/hopeful

18.聪明: bright/ wise/ intelligent/ brilliant

19.优雅:

graceful/elegant/generous/politely

20.活力:vigorous/ thriving/ prosperous/energetic/flourishing/auspicio us/blooming/in the ascendant

21.程度by

far/utmost/even/worsely/

22.举例: for instance/ for example/ a good example can be found that…/it is said that…/ accordingly/ such as/ as follows/

23.总体: at large/ as a whole/ generally/ on the average/in the mass/ overall/ in totality/ on aggregate

24.珍贵: precious/ valuable/ worthwhile/once-in-a-lifetime/

25.必要: necessary/ essential/ indispensable/imperative

26.稀有:rare/scarcely/barely/

27.最后:in the end/ finally/

eventually/lastly/

28.最初:in the very beginning/ originally/initially/at first

29.喜欢:be fond of/ enjoy/ revel in/ keen on/ be fascinated with/ be obsessed with

30.想做:would like to/ desire to / be willing to/ eager to / dream about doing/look forward to doing/long for/ expect to d o …

31.可能:

perhaps/maybe/possibly/probably/likely

32.合适:

suitable/applicable/appropriate/proper

第二.造句在写作当中要灵活的采用多种句式,才能让文章表达更加精彩纷呈:

1.倒装:半倒装和全倒装,适当的利用倒装可以起到强调和突出的作用,让

阅读者有种耳目为之一新的感觉。

在英文表达中用only或否定副词或否定短语开头的句子用半倒装,半倒装需要把助动词提前到主语前面:

a.O nly through this way can we solve

the problem.

b.B y no means should we give up the

chance.

c.Under no circumstances should we

shrink.

d.N ot until she had told me the story

did I know the truth.

而在英文中直接把副词,过去分词或副词短语提前用全倒装,全倒装是直接把谓动词提前到主语前面:

a.H ere comes a car.

b.E nclosed is a letter.

c.Immediately crashed the aircraft.

d.I n such case reaches the goal.

2.强调:常用在写作中的强调句型有两种,一种是加情态动词do,另一种是用it is….that结构的强调。强调句型的灵活使用,可以突出重点,加强语气:

a. I do believe that human beings cannot survive without air.

b. It was not until 7 days later that I discovered his death.

c. It is the government who is supposed to take immediate actions.

3.虚拟:虚拟语气表达的是一种愿望或是一种假设或是一种与事实不符合的描述,在写作中偶尔穿插一些虚拟表达,可以很好的传递写作情感:

a.I f people had paid close attention to the

endangered troubles, the disaster could

not happen now.

b.I f time could return, I would go back to

the past.

c.I wish I had made her as my friends in

my childhood.

d.A good suggestion can be made that

government should set more strict

rules.

4.推测:推测句型用于表达一定可能性,在写作中借用推测可以使表述更加精准:

a.I t must have happened ten years ago.

b.I guess they couldn’t have come here

yet.

c.Technology might change the whole

universe someday.

5.让步:让步是进行一定得语气转述,在习作中让步的运用可以使表达更加富有节奏感:

a.E ven though many people died of

hunger, the government’s rescue goods

were not sent yet.

b.A lthough the world economy deeply

declined for the Financial Crisis, the

Chinese government still have full

confidence to keep a rapid economic

growth.

c.Teacher as he is, he regards all the

students as his own children.

6.非谓语:非谓语常包括to do, doing, done 三种形式,非谓语表达是拓展句子意思,提高句子质量的关键句型,可以说能否灵活的运用非谓语是衡量一个学生语言掌

握好坏的一个参照:

a.F ocusing on this issue, we always ignore

some small but important details.

b.H aving been warned many times, he

still turns a deaf ear to it.

c.Caught in the fire, he was at a

emergency.

大学英语作文范文

1. 成功的四个步骤Four Steps to a Successful Four Steps to a Successful The first time in life? Then grasp your chance with your perfect performance o n the dating night, by learning the following principle in heart. Dress properly. While everyone wants to give an impressive debut on the first date, you should avoid wearing something too bizarre to be accepted. If you are st ill in school, a sportswear can fulfill your purpose. For businessman or grownups, c asual clothes are recommended. Never put up your working uniforms,no matter ho w well you like that Armani suit. It is no work. A few accessories such as a pair o f sunglasses or silver loops on the wrist can add up to the romance sphere. Take a bath before dating. And if you like, spray a little perfume, but unless y ou're sure that he or she likes the smell,don't use ones that are too strong. Watch your manner. You're no prince of the Scotland nor Cinderella in the le gend. Proper manners will ensure a lasting relationship while bad ones scare away your sweetheart. And do make sure you do not boast about your fortune, for, not everyone are green addicts. And your way of smiling, or your greatestoath, should neither be "coy" nor "by St. Loy!" after the nun in Chaucer. Be a little sensitive than merely innocent. Do make sure you do not intrude hi s or her privacy on the first date. For there maybe something deeply concealed wit hin the inner core of every heart, of which the owner doesn't share often with an yone but his intimacy. Finally, wish you good luck. May you get your hearts combined and start a ne w journey in the miracle of life and love. Stay tuned till a borderline is reached, an d keep on through out the whole way. 简评看来第一次约会真是令人兴奋并紧张期待的。为第一次约会所提出的建议也是仁者见仁、智者见智。王永同学用词简单、结构精炼,读起来节奏快,例如:“Dress Properly....I f you are still in school,a sportswear can fulfill your purpose.For businessman Or growmups,casual clothes are recommended.”这样的文章结构像是在提醒我们时不我待,要抓住机会,抓紧时间。 2. 我的宿舍生活My Dormitory Life My Dormitory Life Compared with the forty year old shabby dormitory I am living in now, the one I lived in for three years in high school was heaven: three students shared o ne brand new suite with air conditioners and a bathroom. In three years time we changed it thoroughly:the color of the floor turned from bright pink into muddy gray, and the closet a hive of insects proliferating among p

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a splendid culture of more than 5,000 years. Tourism brings China a lot of benefits. First, it enables the Chinese people to know more about the outside world and promotes friendship and understanding. Second, it is financially beneficial to China, which needs more foreign currencies for its modernization program. Tourism, however, gives rise to a number of problems. For instance, it becomes a burden to inefficient transportation system. Besides, the living standard of the average Chinese is still not high enough to be able to afford the many different sorts of expenses during long distance travels. As for me, with the development of our national economy, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step. A much better and brighter future awaits us.

作文范文之大学英语作文及翻译

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