英语衔接课程.doc

初高中英语衔接课程一、课程说明

二、课程结构

三、课程示例

第一讲冠词

●知识接力

【初中目标】

掌握不定冠词a和an的用法及辨析，定冠词the的用法和零冠词的用法等。其中，重点掌握不定冠词与定冠词的用法区别以及在具体语言环境中冠词的应用。

【高中目标】

（一）考纲要求

掌握冠词的基本用法；包括定冠词与不定冠词；不定冠词a与an的区别；不用冠词的情况（零冠词）；习语中的冠词用法；特指与泛指。

（二）命题导向

冠词规则的灵活运用是高考命题的一个热点，几乎每年高考题的单选活完形都有涉及冠词的题目，不定冠词和定冠词的一些特殊用法，习惯用法及不用冠词的情况是高考重点考查的知识点。

●知识回顾

1．不定冠词a／an的用法

不定冠词用来修饰单数可数名词，指人或物中的某一个或某一类，但不具体说明是何人何物。

如：A famous astronaut will give us a talk the week after next．

现将不定冠词的基本用法归纳如下：

1)首次提到某人某物，不定冠词起介绍作用。如：

Long long ago an old man lived in a small village．

2)表示“每一”的意思，常用于表示时间、速度的名词之前，相当于every。如：

ten metres a second，twice a week

3)也可用于不可数的物质名词和抽象名词之前，使其具体化。如：

1 would like a drink．

It’s a great joy to live in Shanghai．

4)某些固定短语中，要用不定冠词。如：have a good time，in a hurry，have a break，for a while，a pair of，

have a look，with a smile，take an active part in．

2．定冠词the的用法

1)指第二次提到的人或物。如：

I have a dog and a cat．The dog is brown and the cat is yellow．

2)特指某人或某物。如：

The old man with thick glasses is their history teacher．

3)指谈话双方都知道的人或物。如：

Would you mind turning down the radio，Jim? Your father is sleeping．

4)用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如：

The third truck is carrying the fewest apples of all．

5)用于指世界上独一无二的事物。如：

The moon is far smaller than the earth．

6)在江河、海洋、山脉等地理名词前及由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：

the Nile，the Pacific Ocean，the Alps，the Oriental Pearl

7)用于表示方位的名词前。如：

Shanghai is in the east of China．

8)用在乐器名称的前面。如：

I practise the piano every day after school．

9)在某些形容词前加定冠词，表示一类人。如：

The sick and the old should be taken good care of．

10)用于姓氏复数形式之前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇两人”。如：

The Wangs have worked in Pudong for almost ten years．

11)在某些固定短语中，需用定冠词。如：

In the morning，the day after tomorrow，listen to the radio，at the moment，go to the beach，by the way．3．不用冠词的情况

1)在球类活动、学科名称前。如：

We have Chinese，maths，and English every day．

2)在节日、月份、四季、星期前。如：

June l is Children’s Day．

It’s Saturday today．

It’s late spring now．

3)名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或数词等。如：

That handbag is in her car．

I have several questions to ask．

4)在物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词。如：

Milk is white．(比较：The milk in the cup has gone bad．这里the表示特指。)

5)三餐名词前通常不用冠词，如：have supper，after breakfast，但三餐名词前如果有形容词修饰时，要用不

定冠词，如：a big supper，a quick breakfast等。

6)在称呼、头衔、职位前。。如

What can I do for you，sir.

7)在某些固定词组和习惯用语中。如：by motorcycle／air／train，at night，in trouble, go to church，put into

jail等。

探求新知

定冠词的五种特指:

(1) 特指前面已提到的人或物：

Look! A car has stopped there. The car is beautiful.

(2) 特指说话双方都知道或能体会到的人或物：

Why not ask the teacher?

Pass me the dictionary, please.

请把词典递给我。

(3) 用于带后置定语的名词前，表示特定的人或物：

I like the magazine on the desk.

The supper her mother cooked was delicious.

(4) 用于比较级前，特指两个被比较对象中的一个：

Of the two brothers, the younger is more interesting.

(5) 用于加强特指含义，意为“正好是”、“刚好是”等(此时的定冠词需重读)

This is the word to be used here.

He is the man for the job.

●例题解析

例1：

Peter likes playing ____ football very much, but he doesn’t like _______ football I bought for him on his birthday.

A. the; the

B. /;/

C. the;/

D. /; the

思路分析：球类运动前不加冠词，而第二个空表示特指，所以前面加the

答案：D

●课堂练习

1. If you go by ______train ,you can have quite a comfortable journey ,but make sure you get _____fast one.

A. /, /

B./, a

C. the, a

D./,/

2. It is often said that ____teachers have _______very easy life.

A /,/ B. /,a C. the,/ D. the, a

3. I can’t remember when exactly the Robinsons left _____city ,I only remember it was ______ Monday.。

A. the , the

B. a ,the

C. a, a

D. the, a

4. If you grow up in ______large family ,you are more likely to develop _____ability to get on well with

______others .

A. /,an the

B. a, the ,/

C. the ,an ,the

D. a, the ,the

5. After dinner he gave Mr. Richardson ________ride to ________Capital Airport.

A .the, a B. a the C. /, a D. /, the

●能力提升

A flock of hungry pigeons were flying across the sky in search of food. Having traveled a long distance, they felt tired and settled down on a tree. Just below the tree, they saw grains strewn (撒满) all over the ground. The pigeons were happy to have found enough food to eat. All the pigeons came down from the tree and started eating the grains. As they were doing so, a huge net fell on them and trapped them all.

The pigeons were taken aback. They noticed a hunter sitting at a distance from the tree, a bow and arrow in hand. The pigeons realized it was the hunter who had trapped them in the net. The hunter got up and began to move towards the pigeons.

The leader of the pigeons spoke, “Friends, we are in great trouble. The hunter will catch us if we do not act swiftly in a few seconds. There is only one option available at this moment. Let all of us use our force together and fly up along with the net. If all of us use our force and fly together, we can fly carrying the net along with us. Let us start now.”

All the pigeons agreed with him and flew high carrying the net along with them. After traveling enough

distance away from the hunter, the pigeons settled on a tree and carefully came out of the net one by one and thus escaped the evil design of the hunter.

1. Who strewed the grains over the ground?

A. A villager.

B. The hunter.

C. The pigeon owner.

D. The writer.

2. The word “________” has the closest meaning to the underlined word “option”．

A. reason

B. choice

C. action

D. opinion

3. How did the pigeons react when they got trapped?

A. They didn't know what to do.

B. They tried to fly in all directions.

C. They remained rather calm.

D. They decided to fight for their lives.

4. This story wants to tell us that ________.

A. two heads are better than one

B. confidence will save everyone

C. teamwork can work wonders

D. actions speak louder than words

答案：1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C