2021年3月北京丰台高三英语一模试卷及答案
丰台区2021年高三年级第二学期综合练习（一）
英语
2021.03
本试卷满分共100分考试时间90分钟
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区“贴好条形码。
2.本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3.请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4.请保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要装订、不要折叠、不要破损。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
This was the fifth time I'd been to the National Annual Competition. Reporters had been saying that I looked unbeatable. Everyone expected me to 1 . But I knew something was 2 because I couldn't get this one picture out of my head: a picture of me, falling. "Go away," I'd say. But the image wouldn't 3 .
It was time to skate. The music started, slowly, and I told myself, "Have fun, Michael! If s just a（n） 4
Once the music picked up, I started skating faster.
I'd practiced the routine so many times, and I didn't have to think about 5 came next. But when I came down from the jump, my foot slipped from under me. I put a hand on the ice to 6 myself but it didn't do any good.
Things kept getting 7 . On a triple flip（三周切k） I spun through the air, and just as
I landed, my whole body went down again. There I was, flat on the ice, with the whole world 8 .
I didn't think Fd be able to pull myself together. But as I got up, I heard an amazing 9 . People were clapping in time to the music. They were trying to give me courage.
I wasn't surprised by my scores. However, the audience's clapping woke me up! I was so busy trying not to 10 that I forgot to feel what was in my heart—the love for skating.
1. A. win B. enjoy C. share D. relax
2. A. challenging B. missing C. wrong D. dangerous
3. A. return B.leave C. appear D. stay
4. A. sport B. activity C. picture D. accident
5. A. when B. why C. who D. what
6. A. prepare B. catch C. comfort D. measure
7. A. clearer B. easier C. heavier D. worse
8. A. watching B. expecting C. ignoring D.changing
9. A. voice B. story C.sound D. idea
10. A. collapse B. resist C.fall D. escape
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Once upon a time, in a small town lived a man who couldn't see. Yet, he carried a lighted lamp with him whenever he went at night. One night, he came 11 a group of travelers. One of them asked him, “Hey, man! You can't see anything! Why do you carry a lighted lamp then?" The blind man replied, "Yds, 12 （unfortunate）, I am blind but the lighted lamp I am carrying is fbr people like you who can see. You may not see me coming and end up knocking into me. That is 13 I carry a lighted lamp.”
In recent years, Chinese literature has gained more popularity worldwide. An increasing number of Chinese literary works 14 (translate) into multiple languages, including English, French, Japanese and Russian, and read by people from countries and regions 15 (involve) in the Belt and Road Initiative( “一带一路" 倡议).Not only have the 16 (story) from China's past made their way through time, but the beauty of the language has drawn the world's attention.
C
Last July China's manned submersible(载人潜艇)Fendouzhe 17 (dive) 10,909 meters deep in the Mariana Trench. This is the 18 (deep) diving record for a Chinese manned submersible. The pressure underwater is very strong, 19 is like an elephant standing on the tip of your finger. Fendouzhe can carry up to three people. The egg shape makes it easier for the scientists 20 (move) around and study the sea.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节阅读理解(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Various Apps to Learn
Apps are typical digital learning tools, which can give you diverse and personalized content to meet your needs. Want to find an app that can help you learn?
Here are some great ideas fbr you.
Khan Academy allows you to learn almost
anything fbr free. It covers subjects such as math, physics, biology, and ACADEMY
even computer science. The real magic of this app is that you can learn at
your own pace. You can review subjects that you are not good at, or start
learning a subject you like. The app is in English. If you want to see its translation you can visit http://open163. com/khan.
BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a fun and simple way. It's free and teaches you something new every day. From the solar system to DNA, each topic starts with an interesting cartoon movie. After you've watched it, you can take a test to see how much you've learned.
Udemy is a 'Team on demand 55 website and app. It is fbr career-oriented individuals to
start their course pricing at $10.99. This app allows you the flexibility to take your time on a course you purchase over the course of several months, without worrying about recurring(重复的)payments before you finish. This flexible learning app allows you to take things slow, fast, or anywhere in-between with complete control on your end.
Duolingo is the premier leader in language education for learning apps. You can learn to speak 29 different languages, all at the touch of a button. Ybu'll be invited to not only read new words, but to speak them. Ybu'll learn grammar and conversational strategies. This app helps you learn to communicate with a new portion of its inhabitants!
21.According to the passage, what apps allow you to learn at your speed?
A.Khan Academy and Udemy.
C. Khan Academy and BrainPOP.
22.What can Duolingo offer its users?
A.Subjects reviewing.
C. Technical support.
23.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To compare the difference of different learning methods.
B.To introduce the development of learning technology.
C.To help find the suitable learning apps.
D.To provide various learning activities.
Recycling Electronic Waste
When Alex Lin was 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper, which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping ffldem "academy of you
长dis/
（丢弃）cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies一and people.
Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN一the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.
But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose（处置）of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a survey and found only one in eight knew what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it.
Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9,500 kilograms of e-waste.
The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town. After some research, they'd learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to refiirbish（翻新）computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn't have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.
For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn't enough. Laws would have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste.
Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today's technology should not become tomorrow's harmful garbage."
24.What was Alex's wony after he read the article?
A.The littering of e-waste.
B.The recycling of plastic.
C.The change of environment.
D.The overuse of old computers.
25.What did Alex do to start the project?
A.Set up WIN.
B. Collect information.
C. Ask friends for help.
D. Carry out a survey.
26.Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work?
A.Traditional.
B. Competitive.
C. Scientific.
D. Convenient.
27.What message does the story convey?
A.There is no end to perfection.
B.Success comes through failure.
C.Every positive attitude has a reward.
D.Young people can make a big difference.
C
Just because a scientist puts a GPS tracking collar on a wild polar bear does not mean the animal will willingly keep it on. They can remove it, if one becomes annoying. But scientists have now found a way of using signals from those dropped collars to track the ice itself.
The scientists identified 20 collars that transmitted movement data consistent with ice drift:（漂流）rather than polar bear motion between 2005 and 2015. The resulting records of how melting ice drifts in Hudson Bay are unique; there are no easily accessible on-the-ground sensors, and satellite observations often cannot accurately capture the motion of small ice sheets.
The team compared the removed collars9 movements to widely used ice-drift modeling data from the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center（NSIDC）. Collar data indicated that the NSIDC model underestimates the speed at which ice moves around in Hudson Bay一as well as the overall extent of drift. Over the course of several months the model could diverge
高三英语第5页（共12页）
（偏离）from an ice sheet's location by a few hundred kilometers, the scientists say.
This means the bears may be working harder, when moving against the direction of the ice, than scientists had assumed, "Since we're underestimating the speed of drift, we're likely underestimating the energetic effort of polar bears," says Ron Togunov, who led the study.
The study reveals timely insight into how highly mobile ice moves. As melting increases in coming years, such ice will likely become more common farther north, in the central Arctic, says Andy Mahoney, a geophysicist at the University of Alaska, who was not involved in the study. Scientists had known NSIDC data could underestimate drift speeds, Mahoney says, but "any time we can find a data gap and plug it is a good thing."
Plus, such data could improve predictions about how oil spills or other pollutants may spread in seas littered with drifting ice, says Walt Meier, a senior NSIDC research scientist. The findings may even influence future NSIDC models, “It's a really nice data set,” Meier says. "And certainly one we'll take under consideration."
28.What can a GPS tracking collar do?
A.Measure the depth of ice sheet.
B.Capture the movement of ice.
C.Describe the melting speed of ice.
D.Record the emotional state of bears.
29.What can we learn about the collar data?
A.It shows the ice moves more slowly from its original location.
B.It may reveal polar bears are not so energetic as before.
C.It indicates the ice is more likely to move south in the central Arctic.
D.It can help predict the location of some pollutants in seas.
30.Which would be the best title for this passage?
A.Data Tells a Different Story
B.Wild Polar Bears' Signaling
C.Insights into a Puzzling Aspect
D.Ice Is Taken under Consideration
D
At university, when I told people I was studying for a history degree, the response was almost always the same, t4Ybu want to be a teacher?99 No, a journalist. u Oh. But you're not majoring in communications?"
In the days when a university education was a privilege, perhaps there wasn't the assumption that a degree had to be a springboard directly into a career. Those days are long gone. Today, a degree is all but a necessity for the job market, one that more than halves your chances of being unemployed. Still, that alone is no guarantee of a job一and yet we're paying more and more for one.
Given those costs, most of us want to maximize that investment—and that can lead to a plug-and-play type of approach to higher education. Want to be a journalist? Study journalism, we're told. A lawyer? Pursue pre-law. Not totally sure? Go into STEM(Science, Technology, Engineer and Maths)—you can become an engineer or an IT expert. And no matter what you do, forget the humanities, such as history, philosophy and languages.
It's true that the humanities come with a higher risk of unemployment, but the risk is slighter than you would imagine. For young people in the U.S., the unemployment rate of those with humanities degrees is four percent, just a little more than that of engineering degree holders. Lower salaries may not be caused by the degree itself either. The gender pay gap persists in the humanities, whose graduates are more likely to be female. Is it any wonder then that language teachers tend to make less than engineers?
According to Linkedln's research on the most sought-after job skills by employers for 2019, the ability to communicate and get along with people, to understand what's on other people's minds, and to do fiill-strength critical analysis were all valued and appreciated. It goes without saying that you can be an excellent communicator and critical thinker without a humanities degree.
And any good university education, not just one in English or psychology, should sharpen these abilities further. But few courses of study are quite as heavy on reading, writing, speaking and critical thinking as the humanities ——whether that's by debating other students in a seminar, writing a thesis paper or analyzing poetry.
The whole question of whether a student should choose STEM versus the humanities might be misguided to begin with. The headlines most of us see don't help. Whatever a student pursues in university it must be something that they are not only good at, but interested in. Even if it means pursuing a "useless" degree —like one in humanities.
31. Why are people paying more and more for a degree?
A. Because people need a degree to further their career.
B. Because university education is considered a privilege.
C. Because a degree is viewed as a must for landing a job.
D. Because their interest can be developed in university.
32. The author mentioned a plug-and-play type of approach to show _______ .
A. a tip for choosing a major
B. the importance of higher education
C. a problem that exists among STEM graduates
D. the reason why people overlook the humanities
33. According to the author, what is the benefit of majoring in humanities?
A. A comparatively high salary after graduation.
B. Better chances of getting rid of gender prejudice.
C. A better communicative skill than science students.
D. More exposure to the training of language and thinking.
34. What is the author's attitude towards the pursuit of humanities?
A. Doubtfill.
B. Optimistic.
C. Objective.
D. Concerned.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
她 长 dis/
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What Can We See in a Logo?
We see hundreds of logos on signs, vehicles, websites, and even on the clothes we wear. All of these logos are designed to attract our attention. 35 However, recently research supports the idea that remembering what a logo looks like is a very difficult task.
Researchers gave 85 students a simple assignment to draw the Apple logo purely from memory. Surprisingly, only one student in the study could accurately draw the logo from memory. 36 Researchers have developed a theory that they think might help to explain this blind spot in our memories.
Logos are typically designed to be simple and easy to recognize with a quick glance. Yet the frequent exposure to these logos can actually make our brains overlook them. This process is known as u attentional saturation（ft?力饱和）37
Even though the brain is accustomed to ignoring unnecessary details, it is also programmed for recognition. When we see images such as logos over and over again, we become familiar with them. This constant exposure leads to something scientists refer to as gist （梗概）memory. 38 This general sense of memory has its own benefits. In fact, familiarity with a popular logo can even make people feel more comfortable about purchasing or using certain products.
Logos are everywhere we look today. A fancy design or a thoughtful color combination may be a good start for a logo concept, but there are other factors to consider. 39 A clever design may be interesting, but most people will forget the details一especially if our brains have anything to say about it.
A.This may be inspiring to logo designers.
B.People will know the product behind the logo.
C.So why is it so difficult for people to recall the details of images?
D.They also help us remember a product or service connected to that image.
E.It means that our brain remembers the basic idea without all of the details.
F.Our brains actually signal us to ignore information we don't think we will need to
remember.
G.Logo designers need to know that people will only remember what they believe is
worthwhile.
第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节阅读表达(共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分, 共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Most young people are accustomed to having online profiles on their mobile devices, such as smart phones, pads, and laptops. These devices contain a significant amount of information about them and their friends and family, including contact numbers, photos and locations. Since they are exposed to cyber more frequently, young people need to be aware of cyber threats and have a good understanding of cybersecurity, the measures taken to protect systems, networks, devices, and programs from digital attacks.
Cybersecurity experts continually identify the use of strong, unique passwords as one of their top recommendations. However, because young people have been using passwords online for most of their lives, they might not have stopped to think about how unsafe their passwords actually are. Indeed, strong passphrases, passcodes or other features such as touch identification to lock their devices can help protect their information if their devices are lost or stolen.
Public wireless networks are widely used nowadays, however, they are not safe, which means that anyone could possibly see what you are doing on your laptop or smart phone while you are connected to them. Ybung people should limit what they do on public WiFi, and avoid logging in to personal accounts like email and E-pay. If needing a safer connection, they should consider using a virtual private network (VPN) or a personal mobile hotspot.
Finally, information on how to act online is important for the safety of young people. They should be taught that they should add “friends” on social media only if they know who he or she is. They should also be made aware that posting pictures of other people without their
permission might get themselves into trouble.
Starting to use these methods and raising the certain awareness of cybersecurity at an early age can dramatically improve the security of a young person's online life.
40.What is cybersecurity?
41.What is the possible danger of connecting to public wireless networks?
42.Read the following statement, underline the false part of it and explain the reason.
Experts continually recommend young people to use passwords frequently because they lack security awareness.
43.Please briefly present what you can do to improve your cybersecurity, (about 40
words)第二节应用文写作（共20分）
假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Chris和你都喜欢观察和记录生活。他在邮件中询问你记录生活的方式，请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1.你记录生活的方式（日记、vlog等）；
2.你的感受与收获。
注意：1.词数不少于100字；
2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数。
Dear Chris,
丰台区2021学年度第二学期综合练习（一）
高三英语练习（一）答案及评分参考2021.03
笔试部分（共100分）
第一部分知识运用
第一节完形填空（共10小题，15分。每小题1.5分）
1-5 ACBAD 6-10 BDACC
第二节语法填空（共10小题，15分。每小题1.5分）
11.across 12. unfortunately 13. why
14.have been translated/were translated 15. involved
16. stories 17. dived/dove 18. deepest
19. which 20. to move
第二部分阅读理解
第一节阅读理解（共14小题，28分。每小题2分）
21-25 ABCAB 26-30 CDBDA 31-34 CDDC
第二节七选五（共5小题，10分。每小题2分）
35-39 DCFEG
第三部分书面表达
第一节阅读表达（共4小题，12分。1-2题每小题2分，3小题3分，4小题5分）40.Cybersecurity is the measures taken to protect systems, networks, devices, and programs from digital attacks./ The measures taken to protect systems, networks, devices, and programs from digital attacks./The measures taken to protect your personal information online.
41.Anyone could possibly see what you are doing on your laptop or smart phone./What you are doing on your mobile devices will be exposed to other people./Their personal information may leak out (be unsafe).
42.Experts continually recommend young people to use passwords frequently because they lack security awareness.
In spite of frequent use of passwords online, young people may not be aware of how unsafe their passwords actually are. So experts continually recommend them to use strong, unique passwords.
43.Firstly, I will design strong passwords to unlock my mobile phone. Also, when in public places, I choose to use my mobile hotspot rather than public WiFi. Besides, if strangers ask me to add “friends” on WeChat, I tend to refuse. (43 words)
第二节应用文写作（共20分）
Possible version 1:
Dear Chris,
How is everything going? Knowing that you’re curious about how I take a record of my life, I’m more than happy to share it with you.
Since I was a little child, I’ve been friends with diary, with whom I can share my deepest feelings and thoughts. When I read my diary page by page, all my memories flash back clearly to me. It’s a really valuable record of my growth.
Nowadays, many teenagers around me prefer to share their vlogs on the social media like bilibili or WeChat momets. But as for me, diary is like wine, the longer, the better. It will be my life-lasting friend.
What about you? I’m looking forward to your earliest reply. （129words）Yours,
Li Hua
Possible version 2:
Dear Chris,
How are you doing? It’s a pleasure to receive your email asking me about the ways I record my daily life and I’d love to share them with you.
I have developed a habit of keeping a diary since I was young. My diary is not only the place where I take down whatever happens to me but a best friend who I can tell my deepest feelings and thoughts to.
Recently, I have been experimenting with vlog, which, as you know, is an increasingly popular way of recording life. Videoing the cherished moments and sharing them on social media is such an experience that I have gained great pleasure from it.
In my opinion, whatever the way is, it is to prepare you to have a taste of the beauty of life. What do you think of it？
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
附录：自信的力量
相信自己的能力，相信自己能够做成事情，这就是自信。索菲亚·罗兰说过：“自信心的含义是勇气和自制力之间的一种平衡。真正的自信心经常给人一种纯朴和诚恳的感觉。当你精力旺盛时，你的自信心会油然而生。”
自信，是成功的第一秘诀。1915年，美孚石油公司投资300万美元，在我国西部打下了七口井而毫无所获。于是美国斯坦福大学的布莱克·威尔教授断言：中国绝不能产生大量的石油。而年轻的地质学家李四光偏偏不信这个邪，他说：“美孚的失败并不能证明中国无油可采。”在这种强烈自信心的支配下，李四光开始了30年的找油生涯，他提出了地质沉降理论，并在东北平原找到了石油，还预言西北有石油。自信心给了李四光力量，正是这种力量使他推翻了美国权威的言论，为国家找到了石油。
初唐杰出诗人陈子昂年轻时，离开老家到京都洛阳。虽然他才华出众，诗文写得很好，却无人赏识。一天，他花了三千钱，高价从一位老者那里买下一把琴，并对周围的人说：“我叫陈子昂，明天早上，我在住所宣德里为大家演奏此琴，请诸位莅临指教。”第二天一早，来到他那里听琴的人很多。陈子昂取出琴，猛地一摔，顿时弦断琴裂。正当人们惊异时，陈子昂高声说道：“我陈子昂从小饱读诗书，熟知经史，不想来到京都屡受冷遇，今日不过是以琴为由，想请各位观看我的诗文。”说完，从箱中取出一大沓诗文稿，分给大家。大家读后，大加赞赏。从此，陈子昂的名字，传遍了洛阳城。之所以陈子昂敢于这么做，就是因为他对自己的诗文有自信，他相信是金子在哪里都能够发光。
自信心能激发人的潜能。美籍华人物理学家钱致榕来华时谈起他中学时代的一段经历。那时很多学生考试作弊，不求上进。一位责任心很强的老师就从300个学生中挑选出60人组成了荣誉班。钱致榕也在其中。当时他明确宣布，是因为他们有发展前途才被挑选出来的。对此，这些人很高兴，踏实学习，后来大多成了才。后来，钱教授遇到那位老师时，才知道这60位学生是随意抽签决定的。这件事说明了，由于学生被告知他们是很有发展前途的才被选了出来，这就使这些学生产生了强烈的自信心，因而自尊、自爱、自强而终于成才。由此可见，自信心是学生走向成才之路的第一步。
自信的力量是巨大的，它能使一个人走向成功。