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大学英语精读4paraphrase范围

大学英语精读4paraphrase范围
大学英语精读4paraphrase范围

1.His spectacles caught the light so that you could see nothing human behind them. There was no possibility of communication.

The teacher’s glasses caught the light and therefore the boy could not see the teacher’s eyes. He could not have any eye contact. He could not have any communication with him. The implied meaning of this sentence is that they could not communicate, not because of this but because of the teacher’s lack of understanding of the boy.

2.Mr. Houghton was given to high-minded monologues about the good life, sexless and full of duty.

Obviously in Mr. Houghton’s clean life, there is no place for alcoholic drink, sex, and other worldly pleasures. This is, of course, ironical.

3.She claimed that the Bible was literally inspired. I countered by saying that the Catholics believed in the literal inspiration of Saint Jerome’s Vulgate and the two books were different. Argument flagged

“Both Methodists and Catholics believed that their Books are a true record of the God’s divine plan.” The author used this example to defy Ruth’s illogical opinion, therefore the argument became dull because Ruth didn’t know how to respond to it.

4.It was Ruth all over again. I had some very good friends who stood by me, and still do. But my acquaintances vanished, taking the girls with them

What had happened to Ruth and me now happened again. My grade-two thinking frightened away many of my acquaintances.

5.Their common-sense reaction to this state of affairs is to conclude that one historian is right while the other is wrong

When a person is faced with this kind of situation, the normal, practical response will be that one historian is right whereas the other is wrong.

6.Obviously they cannot know everything for the simple reason that not every event, every happening, was fully and completely recorded.

Many events and happenings were not recorded or fully and completely recorded because people at the time did not have the time, energy, interest or the necessary means. Often they were not recorded because they were considered too trivial, too embarrassing, or too dangerous to be known. Many records have also been distorted, lost, or destroyed in fire, flood, war or through decay . That is why historians have such a formidable task.

7.Therefore the historian can only approximate history at best. No one can ever claim to have concluded the quest

Therefore the best the historian can do is to get as near as possible to the historical truth. But no one can ever boast that he/she has completed this search. It goes on for ever.

8.The choice as to which fact to use is based on a theory—admittedly, in this case a rather crude theory, but a theory nonetheless

The choice concerning which fact to use is based on a theory. I am willing to concede that the theory used here is unrefined, yet it is still a theory

9.It is the mere “parroting” of ideas picked up by chance and adopted as our own without question. Most people, most of the time, are mere parrots

Most people, most of the time, are mere parrots. They simply echo, or re peat others’ ideas without question.

10.An assumed or dogmatic proposition which had been universally accepted as “obvious”;

and which, when challenged, was supported by reference to a dogma of Aristotle. Until Galileo actually demonstrated the contrary, nothing could have seemed more beyond possibility or doubt

It was a proposition that had been universally accepted as an obvious truth. Whenever it was challenged, it would be proved true with the strong support of Aristotle’s theory, one of the most firmly held dogmas. It would never be questioned or doubted if there was no Galileo who proved that the contrary was true by means of a demonstration.

11.Other beliefs are held through self-interest. Modern psychology leaves us no room for doubt on this point. W e adopt and cling to some beliefs because—or partly because—it “pays” us to do so

We hold and cling to some beliefs merely because it is in our interest to believe them. Modern psychology has already proved this point, and as a result, there is nothing to doubt.

12.Indeed, he would probably be highly indignant if told of what anyone familiar with modern psychology can recognize so plainly

He would surely feel furious if someone told him a plain fact that he had held some beliefs through self-interest, which anyone who is familiar with modern psychology can recognize very easily.

13.There is many a man who is unconsciously compelled to cling to a belief because he is a “somebody” in some circle—and if he were to abandon that belief, he would find himself nobody at all. (Para. 15)

Many people are forced to hold a belief because he has become an important person in his group. If he gave up that belief, he would turn insignificant at once.

14.Putting it broadly, we should always suspect any of our opinions when we recognize that our happiness depends, directly or indirectly, upon our continuing to hold them—when we might lose anything, material or otherwise by changing our opinion

If by changing our opinions we might lose something and therefore be unhappy, w e must be suspicious about these opinions and try to find out whether we are not being blinded by our self-interest

15.The lazy and bungling person can adopt a set of opinions which prove to his satisfaction that “the grapes are sour”—the “grape” being th e rewards that more energetic and competent men can win. (Para. 17)

The lazy and stupid person can readily adopt a set of opinions without questioning why, since they clearly know that these opinions are unobtainable to them, only people who have energy and ability can be rewarded with these opinions.

16.The “brain path” becomes so well worn; the pattern of brain-centers becomes so well connected up by continual use, that the nerve current finds a route of practically no resistance, and so it always takes almost exactly the same course

We tend to hold old ideas because they are familiar and make us feel secure and comfortable. They are comfortable because we are following the same brain path which offers no resistance, and our thinking tends to follow the easy path the way water flows along a course which has the least resistance.

17.Her short-lived love was gone. Henceforth she was only her husband’s helper to till the earth.

Her shorThe love they had for each other did not last long. Their romance was now replaced by

their necessity to face the hard work. From then on, she was merely her husband’s helper and had to work side by side with him

t-lived love was gone. Henceforth she was only her husband’s helper to till the earth

18.There was a sharpness in the still thin air that made the men jump on their spade halts ferociously and beat the sods as if they were living enemies

The chilly and biting air of early spring made the peasants work fiercely with their spades, beating the sods as if they were enemies

19.Birds hopped silently before the spades, with their heads cocked sideways, watching for worms. Made brave by hunger, they often dashed under the spades to secure their food. Birds hopped here and there around the working peasants, turning their heads to one side in order to look for worms. The desire for food was so strong that they even dared to dash under the spades to get their food.

20.The global economy may be prone to harsher boom-bust cycles than national economies individually. (Para. 19)

Once integrated with the world market, nations will naturally be more vulnerable to the fluctuations of the world economy. The capital flows in and out of a country, for example, can create a boom or bust very quickly and with much harsher effects.

21.it became apparent that as a result of "crony capitalism", inept government

policies and excess optimism, much of the investment had been wasted on

unneeded factories, office buildings and apartments.

It became clear that because of the corruption in those countries where political and financial resources are in the hands of a few privileged people along with their dishonest friends, their foolish government policies and unreasonable optimism, much of the investment was wasted on unneeded factories and a real estate bubble.

22.But this does not mean that a powerful popular backlash, with unpredictable consequences, is not possible.

But this does not mean that a powerful hostile reaction from ordinary people, which will have unpredictable consequences, is not possible.

23.A plausible presumption is that practical politicians would try to protect their constituent s from global glut s.

We can presume that practical politicians would no doubt try to protect their voters from the flood of products from other countries.

24.He saw the straight flight was futile; inevitably it would bring him face to face with the sea. He was in a picture with a frame of water, and his operations, clearly must take place within that frame.

He realized the straight escape was useless; of course it would make him face the sea. He was surrounded by the sea, and as a result all his actions must be carried out within the frame of water.

25.Rainsford’s impulse was to hurl himself down like a panther, but he saw that the gen eral’s right hand held something metallic—a small automatic pistol

Rainsford’s first reaction was to jump upon General Zaroff and take his chances, but then he was checked by the sight of the pistol in the general’s right hand.

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U n i t 1 Baptist counsel encyclopedia agenda attitudinal contribute crisis endeavor ethical ethnic masculine resentment evaluate feminine adulthood option perceive project excessive functional genetic inherit interaction peer process stressful endowment ethnic adolescence affirm approval unquestionably heighten inhibition internalize newscast

rebel seminary theological wardrobe unit4 bearded Cynicism elegant guffaw lunatic monarch page pebble scant scratch block elaborately fountain half-naked nudge olive paradox privacy scoop squatter stroll titter sweat unit5 abundance adapt angler biocide birch bound built-in

chorus colossal confined considerable throb trout vegetation migrant suppress synthetic contamination counterpart deliberate ecologist evolve fern flame flicker gear harmony immune reserve score sicken span spiral subject mold outbreak potent primitive puzzle rapidity resurgence midst modify organism

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academic 学院的adolescence 青春期adolescent 青少年时期adulthood 成年affection 喜爱affirm 断言agenda 日程表anxiety 焦虑attitudinal 态度的baptist bounce 跳跃capability 能力contribute 贡献counsel 建议crisis 危机definite 清楚的developmental 发育的distinct 区分,差别distressed 悲伤 dorm 公寓,宿舍(大学生) encyclopedia 百科全书endeavor 尝试endowment 天赋ethical 道德的ethnic evaluate 估算,评估excessive 过分的,极度的feminine 女性的financial 财政的functional 职务的genetic 基因的guilt 内疚heighten 提高 inherit 遗传,继承inhibition 压抑的情绪interact 交流interaction 合作 involve (成功的)必要条件journal 期刊masculine 男性的maturity 成熟mistrust 不信任newscast 新闻广播parental 父母的peer 同龄人perceive 理解position 工作prejudiced 偏见project 规划rebel 抗议relate 理解,同情某人resentment 怨恨 role 职责seminary 学院的separation 分开sexual 2性的shrink 缩水stressful 有压力的superior 优秀的theological 神学的unquestionably 毫无疑问的 lesson2 alley n.小路, 巷bitterness n.苦味, 悲痛, 怨恨call it quits 停止civil war 内战Congressman n.国会议员, 众议院议员dirt road 土路down and out 落魄drip n.水滴vt.(使)滴下vi.(使)滴下druggist n.药商, 药材商, 药剂师【医】药商, 调剂员farmhouse n.农舍general n.一般, 将军, 大体a.全面的, 大体的, 总的, 一般的, 普遍的n.常规【计】常规【医】一般的, 全身性, 广泛的get hold of 抓住, 得到get word 获得消息, 听说, 得知 glimpse n.一瞥, 一闪vi.投以一瞥, 闪烁不定vt.瞥见fool around 闲荡, 干蠢事, 干无用的事, 干琐屑的事grand marshal 大元帅harness n.马具, 挽具状带子, 甲胄vt.给...上挽具, 驾驭, 披上甲胄, 利用...以产生动力headquarters n.总部, 司令部, 总部人员【经】本部, 总部, 总署hush n.肃静, 安静, 沉默vt.(使)肃静, (使)安静, (使)缄默interj.嘘, 别作声intimate a.亲密的, 私人的, 秘密的vt.暗示, 通知, 告诉n.至交【法】亲密的, 亲切的, 私人的lrish 爱尔兰的liven vt.使高兴, 使快活vi.快活起来livery n.制服, 侍从a.象肝的, 有肝病症状的 memoir n.传记, 实录, 追思录, 回忆录, 自传【化】研究报告miraculously ad.超自然, 非凡, 不可思议, 令人惊叹, 象奇迹一样, 奇迹般, 能创造奇迹momentary a.瞬间的, 刹那间的naked a.裸体的, 无装饰的, 无保护的, 赤贫的【医】裸露的orderly a.有秩序的, 整齐的, 值班的n.护理员, 清道夫, 传令兵, 勤务兵ad.依次地, 顺序地【医】男护理员parade n.游行, 炫耀, 阅兵vt.游行, 炫耀, (使)列队行进vi.游行, 炫耀, (使)列队行进pond n.池塘vt.筑成池塘vi.筑成池塘Presbyterian adj.长老制的, 长老会的n.长老教会员railroad n.铁路, 铁路公司vt.铺设铁路, 用铁路运输vi.在铁路工作【经】铁道, 铁路ridiculous a.荒谬的, 可笑的Scotsman n.苏格兰人,苏格兰男人shed n.车棚, 小屋, 脱落之物, 分水岭vt.使流出, 放射, 脱落, 散发, 摆脱vi.流出, 散布, 脱落【医】脱落, 脱换show up 揭露, 露出, 露面 smash n.打碎, 粉碎, 打碎时哗啦声, 猛击, 扣球, 杀球, 经营失败, 破产, 硬币, 假硬币a.非常轰动的, 了不起的vt.打碎, 粉碎, 击溃, 使破产, 使裂变, 使用假硬币vi.碎裂, 猛撞, 破产, 扣球, 杀球ad.轰隆一声, 哗啦一声surrender vt.交出, 放弃, 使投降, 让与vi.投降, 自首n.交出, 放弃, 投降Swede n.瑞典人Sweden sympathize vi.同情, 怜悯, 同意, 体谅 with thick with somebody 厚与某人windbag n.空话连篇的人, 风囊

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