2019高考英语二轮专项精品：阅读理解(51)

2019高考英语二轮专项精品：阅读理解（51）

该训练资源的答案有详细的解析。

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HowRoomDesignsAffectOurWorkandFeelings Architectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughts,feelin gsandbehaviors.Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical(经验的，实证的)basis.Theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativity,keeppeoplefoc used,andleadtorelaxation. Researchesshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity.In2007, JoanMeyers-LevyattheUniversityofMinnesota，reportedthattheheightofaroom’sceilingaffectshowpeoplethink.Herresearchindicatesthathigherceilingsencouragepe opletothinkmorefreely,whichmayleadthemtomakemoreabstractconnections.Lowceilings ,ontheotherhand,mayinspireamoredetailedoutlook.

Inadditiontoceilingheight,theviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceanoccupant’sabilitytoconcentrate.NancyWellsandhercolleaguesatCornellUniversityfoundintheir studythatkidswhoexperiencedthegreatestincreaseingreennessasaresultofafamilymove madethemostgainsonastandardtestofattention. Usingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademically,anditseemstoaccor dingtoastudyledbyC.KennethTanner,headoftheSchoolDesign&PlanningLaboratoryattheU niversityofGeorgia.Tannerandhisteamfoundthatstudentsinclassroomswithunblockedvi ewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindowhadhigherscoresontestsofvocabulary,languagear tsandmathsthandidstudentswhoseclassroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots. Recentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhatdim(暗淡的)lighthelpspeopletoloosenup.Ifthatistruegenerally,keepingthelightlowduringdin neroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation.ResearchersofHarvardMedicalSchoolalsodisc overedthatfurniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax. Sofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings.“Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies,sowe’re_almost_looking_at_the_problem_through_a_straw_(吸管)，”architectDavidAllisonsays.“Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandmakebroad,generalizeduseofthem?T hat’swhatwe’reallstrugglingwith.”

【文章大意概括】建筑师认为房子的设计可影响居住者的思想、情绪、行为，对此科学家进行了理论上的论证。

1.WhatdoesJoanMeyers-Levyfocusoninherresearch?

A.Light.

B.Ceilings.

C.Windows.

D.Furniture.

【详解剖析】事实细节题。由第二段“...theheightofaroom’sceilingaffectshowpeoplethink.”可知选B。

【最正确选项】B

2.Thepassagetellsusthat________.

A.theshapeoffurnituremayaffectpeople’sfeelings

B.lowerceilingsmayhelpimprovestudents’creativity

C.childreninadimclassroommayimprovetheirgrades

D.studentsinroomswithunblockedviewsmayfeelrelaxed

【详解剖析】事实细节题。B、C均属于与事实相反的选项；D项属于移花接木式的错误，由文章倒数第二段最后一句“furniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax”可知。【最正确选项】A

3、Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat________.

A.theproblemisnotapproachedstepbystep

B.theresearchessofarhavefaultsinthemselves

C.theproblemistoodifficultforresearcherstodetect

D.researchinthisareaisnotenoughtomakegeneralizedpatterns

【详解剖析】猜测词义题。根据“Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies.”及“Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandmakebroad，generalizeduseofhem？”可知，对这个地区的研究不足以制定出大众化的模式。

【最正确选项】D

4.Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?

CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)

C:Conclusion

【详解剖析】推理判断题。根据文章结构先总述房子的设计影响人的创造性、专注性以及休闲性，再分述这三方面，并对第二方面加以分点阐述，最后得出结论：经初步研究结论成立，但我们的研究远远不足，还将继续努力。

【最正确选项】C

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Societiesallovertheworldnameplacesinsimilarways.Quiteoftenthereisnoofficialnami ngceremonybutplacestendtobecallednamesaspointsofreferencebypeople.Thenanorganiz edbodystepsinandgivestheplaceaname.Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames：Oneisnamedbythepeopleandtheotherbythegovernment.Asinmanyareas,oldhabitsdie-hard ,_andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost. ManyroadsandplacesinSingapore(新加坡)arenamedinorderthatthepioneerswillberememberedbyfuturegenerations.Thuswehave namessuchasStamfordRoadandRafflesPlace.Thisisinkeepingwithtraditionsinmanycount ries—inboththeWestandtheEast. Anotherwayofnamingplacesisnamingthemafterotherplaces.Perhapstheywerenamedtoprom otefriendshipsbetweenthetwoplacesoritcouldbethatthepeoplewhousedtolivetherewere originallyfromtheplacesthattheroadswerenamedafter.Themysteryisclearerwhenwesees omeoftheroadsnamedinformerBritishbases.IfyoustepintoSelectorAirbaseyouwillseePi

ccadillyCircusobviouslynamedbysomehomesickRoyalAirForcepersonnel. Someplaceswerenamedaftertheactivitiesthatusedtogoonatthoseplaces.BrasBasahRoadi saninterestingexample.“BrasBasah”means“wetrice”inMalay(马来语).Nowwhywouldanyonewanttonamearoad“WetRiceRoad”？Thereasonissimple.Duringthepioneeringdays,wetricewaslaidouttodryalongthisroad. AfewroadsinSingaporearenamedbytheirshapes.Thereis“CircularRoad”forone.Otherroadsmayhavepartoftheirnamestodescribetheirshapes，like “PayaLebarCrescent”.Thisroadiscalledacrescent(月牙)becauseitbeginsonthemainroad，makesacrescentandcomesbacktojointhemainroadagain.

【文章大意概括】本文议论世界上不同地区的人们以类似的方式为地点命名，如：以先驱者的名字命名；以其他地点的名字命名；以活动的名称命名；以形状命名等。

1.WelearnfromParagraph1that________.

A.thegovernmentisusuallythefirsttonameaplace

B.manyplacestendtohavemorethanonename

C.aceremonywillbeheldwhenaplaceisnamed

D.peopleprefertheplacenamesgivenbythegovernment

【详解剖析】推理判断题。从第一段第四句Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames：Oneisnamed...推论可知。

【最正确选项】B

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“diehard”inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Changesuddenly.

B.Changesignificantly.

C.Disappearmysteriously.

D.Disappearveryslowly.

【详解剖析】猜测词义题。从diehard后句、..andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost.的意思可判断diehard的词义应为：消失得很慢。

【最正确选项】D

3.Whichofthefollowingplacesisnamedafteraperson?

A.RafflesPlace.

B.SelectorAirbase.

C.PiccadillyCircus.

D.PayaLebarCrescent.

【详解剖析】事实细节题。根据第二段的第一句(特别是pioneers“先驱者”一词)和第二句的内容得知：RafflesPlace应是指先驱者的名字。

【最正确选项】A

4.BrasBasahRoadisnamed________.

A.afteraperson

B.afteraplace

C.afteranactivity

D.byitsshape

【详解剖析】事实细节题。根据第四段第一句和第二句内容很明确地判断：BrasBasah是活动名称。

【最正确选项】C

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.SomeplacenamesinSingaporearethesameasinBritain.

B.SomeplacesinSingaporearenamedformilitarypurposes.

C.ThewaySingaporeansnametheirplacesisunique.

D.YoungSingaporeanshaveforgottenthepioneers.

【详解剖析】推理判断题。从第三段最后一句可知。PiccadillyCircus皮卡迪利广场(即伦敦戏院及娱乐中心)。

【最正确选项】A

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