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《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—被动语态的技巧及练习题附答案

《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—被动语态的技巧及练习题附答案
《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—被动语态的技巧及练习题附答案

一、选择题

1.—Why didn’t you come to Jenny’s birthday party yesterday?

—Because I________.

A.didn’t invite B.isn’t invited C.wasn’t invited D.haven’t invited 2.His plays by millions of people.

A.read B.will read C.are read D.is read

3.The Wandering Earth wins high praise from the public. I think the movie is well worth _____. A.watch B.to watch C.watching D.watched 4.—The 2022 Winter Olympic Games in China. —I’m sure it will be a great success. A.hold B.will hold C.were held D.will be held 5.When Tim ________ why he was late for school, he just kept silent.

A.was asked B.asked

C.was asking D.is asked

6.This special pen _________ for writing large size words.

A.use B.uses C.is using D.is uesd 7.—Zheng Yuan, why did you go on a vacation to Weifang?

— You know I'm a fan of kites. The international kite festival _____there in April every year. A.is held B.was held C.will be held

8.Lots of flowers and trees on both sides of the streets every year.

A.were planted B.are planted C.are planting D.were planting 9.I don’t think teenagers should to go to net bars.

A.allow B.be allowing C.allowed D.be allowed 10.Mike, you can go out if your homework ________.

A.finish B.finishes C.will finish D.is finished 11.—The park is the oldest one in our city.

—Yes. it _______ when I was sixteen years old.

A.is built B.was built C.build D.built

12.-Can he get the first prize for running?

-Impossible now. He _______ so, but he has just hurt his leg.

A.would expect to do B.was expected to do

C.has expected doing D.is expected doing

13.--- Mom, where is my model plane?

--- Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday.

A.is lent B.lends C.was lent D.lent

14.This kind of iPad________ in our shop. It________very well and many young people like it. A.sells; sells B.is sold; sells C.sells; is sold D.is sold; is sold 15.Our dining hall is always ________________ teachers and students at noon.

A.crowd with B.crowd by C.crowded with D.crowded by

16.—When can we go to watch the football match?

—Not until the work________tomorrow.

A.will be done B.has done C.is done D.does

17.—If high-speed railways________in 2019, what will happen to people in Lianyungang?—Lots of people will choose the faster transport.

A.are completed B.were completed

C.will be completed D.have been completed

18.—Do you have any problems if you ______ this job?

—Well, I’m thinking about the working day.

A.offer B.will offer C.are offered D.will be offered 19.The weatherman says a heavy rain _______ next week.

A.expects B.was expected C.will expect D.will be expected 20.-Why didn't you come to Jenny's birthday party yesterday?

-Because I .

A.didn't invite B.isn't invited C.wasn't invited D.haven't invited

21.—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him?

—No problem! I think he _______ to think twice before starting.

A.should be told B.can tell C.should tell D.can be telling 22.— Do you know when the bridge ?

—Yes, last year.

A.was built B.is built C.build D.builds 23.—The meeting __________next Wednesday. I wonder if you can attend it.

—I'm not sure. It depends.

A.held B.will hold C.was held D.will be held 24.I won’t come to the dinner party at Lisa’s house tonight if my brother ______. A.didn’t invite B.won’t invite C.isn’t invited D.won’t be invited 25.Teenagers should __________to smoke. It’s too bad for their health.

A.not allow B.not be allowed C.allow

26.You can go out if all your homework________.

A.done B.is done C.was done D.will be done 27.—Look, what have you done?

—Sorry, I think if I ________another chance, I’ll do it better.

A.give B.will be given C.will give D.am given 28.May to the party. She enjoyed herself with us.

A.invites B.is invited C.was invited D.has invited 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

1.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你昨天为什么没有来Jenny的生日聚会呢?——因为我没有被邀请。

考查一般过去时的被动语态。invite邀请,根据句子Why didn’t you come to Jenny’s birthday party yesterday?和主语I可知,应该是被邀请,要用被动语态,排除A和D,由时态是一般过去时,排除B,故选C。

2.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:他的剧本被数百万人阅读。

本题考查时态和语态。read是一般现在时的主动形式;will read是一般将来时的主动形式;are read是一般现在时的被动形式;is read是一般现在时的被动形式。根据by可知,此处用被动语态,主语his plays是复数形式,因此谓语用复数形式。故选C。

3.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:《流浪地球》赢得了公众的高度赞扬。我认为这部电影很值得一看。

考查非谓语动词。watch观看,原形; to watch观看,动词不定式;watching观看,现在分词;watched观看,过去式。短语be worth doing值得做某事。根据题意,故选C。4.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:2022年冬奥会将在中国举行。我相信它会取得巨大成功。考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据The 2022 Winter Olympic Games in China.可知主语Winter Olympic Games是动词hold的承受者,而且时间2022是将来的时间,所以应用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构为:will be+动词过去分词,hold的过去分词是held;结合选项可知D选项符合题意,故答案选D。

5.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

试题分析:考查一般过去时的被动语态用法。句意:当Tim被问到为什么上学迟到的时候,他只是保持沉默。主语和ask之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;分析句子,可由主句知道,本句的事情发生在过去,故从句要用一般过去时。根据句意,故选A。

6.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这种特殊的笔是用来写大字的。

考查被动语态。use使用;原形;uses使用,第三人称单数;is using正在使用,现在进行时; is uesd被使用,一般现在时态被动语态。主语是This special pen可知用一般现在时态的被动语态,短语be used for…被用来做……。根据题意,故选D。

7.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——郑媛,你为什么去潍坊度假?——你知道我是一个风筝迷。每年的四月份国际风筝节在那举行。

考查动词时态。A. is held一般现在时的被动语态;B. was held一般过去时的被动语态;C. will be held一般将来时的被动语态。根据句子的时间状语in April every year可知,句子应为一般现在时的被动语态,故选A。

8.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:街道两旁每年都种上许多花和树。

考查被动语态辨析。were planted 一般过去时的被动语态;are planted 一般现在时的被动语态;are planting 现在进行时;were planting 过去进行时。根据时间状语every year,句子用一般现在时,排除A和D选项。主语flowers和trees和谓语plant之间是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态are planted。故选B。

9.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我认为不应该允许青少年去网吧。

考查被动语态辨析。allow 动词原形;be allowing 现在进行时;allowed 一般过去时;be allowed 一般现在时的被动语态。should是情态动词,后接动词原形。主语teenager与动词allow之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态be done的结构,所以空格处填be allowed。故选D。

10.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:Mike,如果你的作业做完了,你可以出去。

考查条件状语从句及被动语态。finish完成,动词原形;finishes第三人称单数形式;will finish一般将来时;is finished被动语态。此句是if引导的状语从句,主句含有情态动词can,从句用一般现在时;homework与finish之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态。故选D。

11.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——这个公园是我们城市最古老的公园。——是的。它是我十六岁时建造的。

考查被动语态。is built被修建,一般现在的被动结构;was built被修建,一般过去时的被动结构;build修建,动词原形;built修建,过去式;根据句意理解可知,这里句子主语是it,指代的是park,所以主语和动词build之间是被动关系,所以这里应该用被动语态,而根据后句when I was sixteen years old.可知,“修建”这个动作是发生在过去,所以应该用过去时的被动结构,故选B。

【点睛】

英语中被动语态的原则要注意。首先确定句子主语和动词之间是被动关系,然后再根据句中的时间判断用哪个时态的被动结构。本题中重点是要知道it指代的是park,同时还要根据空格后面的句子判断应该用过去时的被动结构。

12.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

试题分析:句意:他能获得跑赛第一名吗?现在不可能了。他被期望如此,但是他腿受伤了。他的腿受伤之前被期盼得第一名,因此要用一般过去时。故选B。

13.C

解析:C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:--妈妈,我的飞机模型在哪里?--哦,昨天借给了詹妮。因为句子的主语是it,代指的是my model plane,my model plane与lend之间是被动关系。句子的时间状语是yesterday,所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。

考点:考查被动语态的用法。

14.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这种iPad在我们店里卖。它卖得很好,许多年轻人喜欢它。

考查sell 一词用主动表示被动的用法。sell卖,当 read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry, sell 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义,第一空指的是“被卖”,用被动语态 be+done,排除A和C,第二空指的是“销量很好(很好卖)”,用主动形式表示被动,排除D,故选B。

15.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:在中午时,我们的餐厅总是挤满了老师和学生。

考查被动语态。crowd挤,挤满,将……塞进。结合语境可知我们的餐厅是被拥挤的对象,故用被动语态。被动语态中,with表示用某种工具物品,by表示动作的实施者。结合语境可知老师学生相当于被用来填充的物品,故用介词with。be crowded with意思是挤满了…,强调状态。be crowded by意思被……拥挤,强调动作。故选C。

16.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——我们什么时候可以去看足球赛?——直到明天工作完成。

考查被动语态和时态。will be done将被做,一般将来时的被动语态;has done已经做,现在完成时;is done被做,一般现在时的被动语态;does做,一般现在时;根据句意理解可知,主语the work与动词do是逻辑上的被动关系,故此处用被动语态,所以排除B/ D选项;而until引导的是时间状语从句,这里要用到主将从现的用法,即从句用一般现在时表示将来,所以应该用一般现在时的被动语态,故选C。

17.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——如果2019年高铁建成,连云港人会怎么样?——很多人会选择更快的交通工具。

考查一般现在时的被动语态。are completed被建成,一般现在时的被动语态;were completed被建成,一般过去时的被动语态;will be completed将被建成,一般将来时的被动语态;have been completed已经被建成,现在完成时被动语态,根据if引导的条件状语

从句遵循“主将从现”原则和所给空后面的句子what will happen to people in Lianyungang?可知,应该用的是一般现在时的被动语态,故选A。

18.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——如果你被提供这这份工作,你有什么问题吗?——我在考虑工作日。

考查被动语态。根据句意可知,if引导的条件状语从句中,you为主语,offer为谓语动词,可知主语是动作的承受者,故用被动语态,be动词用are,主句为一般现在时,从句用一般现在时表将来。故选C。

19.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:天气预报员说下周会有一场大雨。

本题考查时态和语态。expects是一般现在时的主动形式;was expected是一般过去时的被动形式;will expect是一般将来时的主动形式;will be expected是一般将来时的被动形式。根据next week可知,此处是一般将来时,主语a heavy rain与谓语expect是被动关系,因此用被动语态。故选D。

20.C

解析:C

【解析】句意:-你昨天为什么没有来参加Jenny的生日聚会?-因为我没有被邀请。didn’t invited 没有邀请,一般过去时态;isn’t invited没有被邀请,一般现在时态的被动语态;wasn’t invited一般过去时态的被动语态;haven’t invited现在完成时,主动语态。根据句意可知主语I和动词invite构成被动关系,应用被动语态;并且句中有yesterday,这是昨天的事情,应用一般过去时态,故应选C。

21.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

试题分析:句意:——汤姆总是对他的学业很粗心。你能帮助他吗?——没问题!我认为他应该被告知在开始之前应再三思考。结合句意,他粗心,因此应告诉他要三思而后行,故应是被告知,故用被动语态,故选A。

22.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你知道这个桥什么时候建造的吗?——是的,去年。

考查一般过去时的被动语态。was built被建造,一般过去时的被动语态;is built一般现在时的被动语态;build建造,动词原形;builds第三人称单数形式。build表示“建造”,与bridge之间是被动关系,桥被建造时间,显然是询问过去的事,因此用一般过去时。故选A。

23.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——会议将于下周三举行。我想知道你是否可以参加。——我不确定。这要看情况而定。

考查一般将来时的被动语态。动词hold意为“举办”,选项A是其过去式或过去分词,选项B是其一般将来时形式,选项C是其一般过去时的被动语态,选项D是其一般将来时的被动语态。会议只能“被召开”,因此要用被动语态be done,本句时间状语是next Wednesday (下周三),因此谈论未来的事情要用一般将来时的被动语态will be done,动词hold的过去分词是held,故选D。

24.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:如果我哥哥没有被邀请,我今晚就不来参加丽莎家的宴会了。

本题考查时态和语态。didn't invite是一般过去时的主动形式;won’t invite是一般将来时的主动形式;isn’t invited是一般现在时的被动形式;won’t be invited是一般将来时的被动形式。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时;主语my brother与谓语invite之间是被动关系,因此用一般现在时的被动形式。故选C。

【点睛】

不同时态的被动形式要掌握好。一般现在时的被动形式是is/are+过去分词;一般过去时的被动形式是was/were+过去分词;一般将来时的被动形式是will be+过去分词;过去将来时的被动形式是would be+过去分词;现在完成时的被动形式是has/have been+过去分词;过去完成时的被动形式是had been+过去分词;现在进行时的被动形式是am/is/are+being+过去分词;过去进行时的被动形式是was/were+being+过去分词。

25.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:青少年不应该被允许吸烟,这对他们的健康不好。

考查被动语态。句中teenagers与allow之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应使用被动语态,结构为be done,allow的过去分词为allowed;根据第二句中“It’s too bad for their health.”可知,

吸烟对他们的健康有害,所以此处是“青少年不应该被允许吸烟”,句中有情态动词should,后加not表示否定,be动词用原形,所以此处使用should not be allowed。故选B。

【点睛】

被动语态的结构是be done,be动词随着时态的变化而变化,如果是含情态动词的被动语态,be动词使用原形,结构为情态动词+be+过去分词,本题中should是情态动词,后接be动词原形,再接动词过去分词。

26.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:如果你所有作业都做完了就可以出去。

考查时态和语态。done动词过去分词;is done被动语态的一般现在时;was done被动语态的一般过去时;will be done被动语态的一般将来时。根据主语homework是动词do的承受者,构成被动关系,应该用被动语态be done;根据if引导条件状语从句遵循“主情从现”的原则,可知此处用一般现在时,故选B。

【点睛】

if引导真实条件句时遵循的时态(用法)原则包括:主将从现,主情从现,主祈从现。即从句用一般现在时,主句可用一般将来时/情态动词/祈使句。

27.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——看,你都做了什么?——对不起。我想如果你再给我一次机会,我会把它做得更好。

考查被动语态。if 引导的条件状语从句中,需用一般现在时代替一般将来时,可排除BC选项。从句主语I是动词give的受动者,需用被动语态,故选D。

28.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:May被邀请参加聚会。她和我们在一起玩得很开心。

考查一般过去时的被动语态。invites第三人称单数;is invited一般现在时的被动语态;was invited一般过去时的被动语态;has invited现在完成时。根据She enjoyed herself with us.可知,这是过去发生的事情,所以运用一般过去时态;又因为主语May是动词invite的承受者,应该用被动语态;一般过去时态的被动语态的构成是:was/were+动词的过去分词,主语是单数,所以用助动词用was,invite的过去分词是invited,故答案选C。

初中英语语法:被动语态

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