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(外研版)初中英语笔记初二(上)

(外研版)初中英语笔记初二(上)
(外研版)初中英语笔记初二(上)

(外研版)初中英语笔记

初二(上)

Module 1 how to learn English

1. Why don’t (you) do…是用来表示提出某种建议。如:

---Why don’t we drive to the park?

---OK. /All right. /That’s a good idea.

当我们提建议时,还可以使用其他句型:

Why not take a walk in the park?

What /How about going to Europe for a holiday?

2. else“其他”,一般用在疑问词或某些代词之后,如:

Who else did you see at the meeting?

Does anyone else want to read this book?

3. It’s a good idea to do…“做……是个好主意”

4. paper, advice作不可数名词,表达“一张纸”、“一条建议”可用a piece of paper和a piece of advice。

几张或几条则用:基数词+pieces of…

5. try (not) to do…“尝试(不)做……”

You should try to eat more fruit.

6. remember to do sth. 记得做某事

Remember to bring something to drink.

7. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事

I forget to call him.

8. ask sb.(not)to do sth. 要求某人(不)做某事。

The teacher asked us to come to school on time.

9. enjoy oneself =have a good time =have fun 玩得愉快

Module 2 experiences

1. 现在完成时⑴⑵⑶:have/ has+动词的过去分词

㈠①用于表示在以前的某个时间曾经做过的、发生的事情,这种行为对目前有某种影响; ②还可以表示到目前为止曾经经

历或没经历的事情; ③要表达某一行为或某一状态从过去某

一时间一直持续到现在,也可用现在完成时表示。如:

I have seen the film. I don’t want to see it again.

I have never visited the USA.

I have lived in Beijing for 10 years.

㈡常与现在完成时连用的时间状语:

yet, never, ever(用于疑问句或否定句中);

already, just, recently (用于肯定句中)。

They’re just heard a message from a spaceraft.

㈢对一段时间的提问:how long…

回答:since+时间点或for+一段时间

---How long have you lived in Beijing ?

---Since 2008./ For four years.

㈣在现在完成时中,点动词(非延续性动词)一般不与表示延续

的时间状语连用。

非延续性动词延续性动词非延续性动词延续性动词come back be back leave be away

buy have learn know

borrow keep put on wear

die be dead marry be marry

I borrowed the book three weeks ago.改为:

I have kept the book for three weeks.

㈤点动词的谓语动词是否定形式,则可与表示一段时间的for短语连用。如:

My parents haven’t seen me for two years.

㈥过去分词的变化形式大部分与动词的过去式形式相同,但不规则动词的变化无规律,如:

see —saw—seen, send—sent—sent,

be —was/were—been, break—broke—broken,

keep —kept—kept, have/has—had—had,

buy –bought—bought, make—made—made,

go –went—gone, do –did—done.

2. ①have been in “一直呆在某个地方”,与时间状语连用。

They have been in Beijing for two weeks.

②have been to “去过某地,已经回来”。

---Have you ever been to London?

---Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t.

③has gone to “去了某地,还没回来”,常用于第三人称。

My father has gone to Wuhan, and he’ll be back this weekend.

Module 3 journey to space无

Module 4 education

1. get on (well) with sb./sth. “和……相处(融洽)”或“……进展(好)”。

He doesn’t get on well with his parents.

2. eight-year-old为合成形容词,一般要用连字符连接起来,而且,year 也不用复数形式。如:

an 80-page book 一本80页的书

a three-room apartment 三室的套房

3. with the help of表示“在……的帮助下;借助于”。如:

They worked out the maths problem with the help of the teacher.

4. because “因为”,后接从句;

because of “因为”,后接名词或名词短语。

He didn’t go to the park because it rained.

He didn’t go to the park because of the rain.

5. look after=take care of “照顾”

Who will look after the baby?

6. pay for “支付”

7. borrow from “从……借来……”;len

Module 5 western music

1. ①反意疑问句:助动词/系动词be+主语(代词)

---You aren’t a teacher, are you? 你不是老师吧?

---Oh yes, I am a teacher.不,我是老师。

---He didn’t come to the meeting, did he?他没来开会,是吧?

---No, he didn’t.对,他没来。

②陈述句部分有否定意义的词,反意疑问句要用肯定式。如:

never, no one, few, little, hardly, nothing…

2.“使某人怎么样”:make sb. do sth.

make sb. +形容词

Sad films always make me cry.

His waltzs made him famous all over Europe.

3. not only…but also“不仅……而且……”

She not only sang, but also danced.

Module 6 a famous story

1. ①过去进行时:was/were+v.-ing

一般来说,表示在过去某一时间正在发生的动作,都可以用过去进行时。如:

I didn’t hear the phone. My father was watching TV then.

②常与过去进行时连用的时间状语:

at the time, at five yesterday, then, at this time yesterday,

last night, the whole morning…

2. what …for?=why? 为什么。如:

What do we go to school for?

Why do we go to school?

3. be doing …when …表示一个动作在进行,另一个动作又发生了。如:

They were working in the fields when it began to rain.

4. in the tree 表示人、鸟等外来物在树上;

on the tree 表示花、果实长在树上。

5. smile at …对……微笑。

6. get +形容词:“变得”

The weather is getting cold.

7. 复合不定代词:something, nothing, everything, anything……

如果形容词修饰这些复合不定代词,形容词置于后面。

如:nothing strange

8. 动词不定式to do作后置定语时,可修饰复合不定代词。

如:nothing to do

9. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事(习惯性或经常性)

see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(正在做)

如: I saw she enter the house.

I saw he playing basketball.

(类似的有hear, feel, watch, notice.)

10. ①go across=cross “穿过”,强调穿过某一平面(田野、桥等)。

②through 从某一空间内穿过。(门gate、深林forest)

③past 从某事物的一旁经过

④over从平面的一边到另一边或越过某个高度

⑤along/ down 表示沿着(街道、河流等)

11. not …until 直到……才

12. too many+可数名词“太多”,too many people

too much +不可数名词“太多”,too much music

much too+形容词“太……” much too hot

13. have to do sth. 必须做某事

I had to stay at home to look after her.

14. too …to /…enough to “太……而不能”

The boy is too young to go to school.

The boy isn’t old enough to go school.

Module 7 feeling and impressions

1. 表感觉和知觉的系动词:feel, look, touch, smell, sound, taste…

后接形容词。

Does the party sound noisy?

The cake doesn’t taste delicious.

He looks angry.

The shirt feels soft.

2. ①hear from 收到……的来信。宾语为人

We haven’t heard from her for ages. How we miss her.

“收到……的来信”还可这样表达:get/receive a letter form sb.

②hear of /hear about 听说;听到

3. What does sb. look like? 询问外貌

4. ⑴be afraid +从句“害怕……”

I’m afraid that you can’t go with me.

⑵be afraid to do sth. “害怕做某事”(没有勇气,不敢做)

He was afraid to go out alone at night.

⑶be afraid of doing…“害怕做某事”(害怕某事发生在自己头上,

有可能发生,也有可能不发生)

He is afraid of falling into the river.

⑷be afraid of sb./ sth. 害怕某人某事。

I’m not afraid of you.

5. ①be proud of…为……而自豪

Her parents are proud of her.

②be proud to do…为做某事而感到自豪

6. be / get angry with sb. 生某人的气

I got angry with myself.

7. agree with sb./sth. 赞同某人某事

8. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地想做某事

The fans can’t wait to see their favorite pop star.

9.“也”。

①too 用于口语(肯定句中),置于句末,用“,”隔开。

Nice to meet you, too.

②either 用于否定句中。

She can’t speak Chinese and her husband can’t, either.

③also 用于实义动词之前,系动词、情态动词、助动词之后。

He is also a singer.

④as well 用于肯定句句末。

She can dance and she can sing as well.

10. are n’t being … are being 不是……而是……

They aren’t being friendly —they are polite.

11. thanks /thank you for +n./ v-ing. 感谢…….

Thank you for lovely present.

Thank you for coming.

12. a bit 与a little “有点”

同:a bit/ a little +adj./adv.

异:a little+ 不可数名词:a little milk

a bit of+不可数名词: a bit of milk

Module 8 around town

1. ①方位表达方式,常用的方位介词:

on the left/ right 在左边/右边

next to 与……紧挨着

opposite 在……对面

on the corner of 在……拐角处

between …and…在……和……之间

in the middle of 在……中间

crossing 十字路口

②例句:

The bank is next to the market.

The supermarket is opposite the restaurant.

Take the third turning on the left.

Module 9 animals in danger

1. 动词不定式㈠㈡㈢:(可作主语、宾语、补语、表语、状语、定语)

结构为“(not) to+动词原形”(有时可不带to)。

To see is to believe.// It is a good idea to bring your camera.

I want to have a drink.

She told me to buy a ticket.

Our duty today is clean the floor.

He got up early to catch the first bus.

I have a lot of homework to do.

2. 常见的动词不定式的语用功能:

⑴后接to+动词原形作宾语的有:want,hope, plan, decide, try, agree,

offer, like, love…多表示将来的行为。如;

I tried to understand the words,.

⑵it is… to do sth. 做某事怎么样

It’s good to get up early in the morning.

⑶sb. be +形容词+to do …表示某人对某件事情的态度。

I was surprised to hear that news.

⑷sth. be +形容词+to do…表某一事物的某种属性。

These apples are not good to eat.

………………………….

3. in danger 处于险境;处于危险之中

The girl is very ill and her life is in danger.

4. take away 把……带走;减去

If you take 4 away from 12, you get 8.

5. live on 以……为生;(靠吃……)维持生命。

Sheep live on grass.

6. a long way to go 路还很长;还需要努力。

I’ve got the first prize. But I know I’ve got a long way to go.

7. 比较级+and+比较级: 越来越……

longer and longer

8. ①enough做形容词,“充足的;足够的”,在句中做定语或表语,做

定语时放在修饰词之前。

We have enough time to finish the work.

②enough做副词时,修饰形容词、副词或动词,放在修饰词之后。

Are you warm enough in such a light jacket?

9. such as与for example “例如”,前者用于举多个例子,无逗号隔

开。如:

Many animals in danger such as tigers, whales, turtles.

Module 10 Lao She Teahouse

1. 双宾语:

①“动词+人+物”或“动词+物+to/for+人”,

其中,人称为间接宾语,物为直接宾语。如:

②常见的接双宾语的动词:give,bring, lend, send, show, leave, buy,

tell, teach, sell…

③for表示“为某人”;如:

buy sb. sth. =buy sth. for sb.

cook sb. sth. =cook sth. for sb.

read sb. sth. =read sth. for sb.

…………………………….

④to表示“给某人”;如:

give sb. sth. =give sth. to sb.

(其他bring,lend,hand,send,show,leave,teach,sell, offer…)

2. introduce sb. / sth. to sb. 向某人介绍……

Can you introduce yourself to us in English?

3. take place 发生

4. give a welcome 欢迎

Module 11 the weather

1. 情态动词may/might:表示一般将来的可能性,might的可能性比

may的可能性小。如:

Bring your swimsuit because you might want to swim in the sea.

I may go to England one day.

2. 其他表形容词和副词:

It is possible that…

It is possible to do sth.

主语+will probably/ possibly +v.

(probably的可能性比possibly的可能性大)

3. had better do sth. 最好做某事。

better get going相当于had better go “最好现在去/走”

4. take photos of…“给……拍照”

She took a lot of photos of the kids.

5. from time to time= sometimes 有时

6. 表天气名词+y结尾构成其形容词形式。如:

cloud—cloudy, rain—rainy, snow—snowy,

wind—windy, sun—sunny, fog—foggy,

Module 12 traditional life

1. 情态动词must, can

must 表示“必须做某事”,含主观看法。

mustn’t 表示“禁止做某事”。

---Must I get up early?

---Yes, you must.

---No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.

can 表示允许;

can’t 表示“不能;不要”,即不允许。

You can go and see the lion dance.

---May I open the window?

---Yes, you may. / No, you can’t.

2. accept 与receive “收到”,receive表收到但不一定接受。

如:She received a present, but she didn’t accept it.

3. be different from 与……不同

Births English is different from American English.

4. shake hands with sb. 与某人握手

初二上英语完型填空与阅读理解训练8(含答案)

初二上英语完型填空与阅读理解训练8 完形填空 We live in computer age(时代). People 21 scientists, teachers, writers and even students use computers to do all kinds of work. But more than 30 years ago, 22 couldn't do much. They were very big and expensive. Very 23 people were interested in them and knew how to use them. Today computers are smaller and 24 . But they can do a lot of work; many people like to use them. Some people 25 have them at home. Computers become very important because they can work 26 than people and make fewer mistakes. Computers can 27 people do a lot of work. Writers now use computers to 28 . Teachers use them to help teaching. Students use them to 29 . Computers can also remember what you 30 them. Computers are very useful and helpful. They are our friends. Do you want to have a computer? ( )21. A. like B. as C. and D. with ( )22. A. students B. scientists C. teachers D. computers ( )23. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ( )24. A. cheap B. cheaper C. more expensive D. expensive ( )25. A. even B. still C. already D. yet ( )26. A. fast B. faster C. slow D. slower ( )27. A. help B. make C. stop D. use ( )28. A. write B. play C. study D. learn ( )29. A. sing B. study C. dance D. watch ( )30. A. put in B. put on C. put into D. put up 阅读理解 A Potato chips are very popular in the world. Do you know how they were invented (发明)? In 1853, a native (本土的) American named George Crum made the first potato chips. Crum was a chef (厨师) in an expensive restaurant in Saratoga Springs, New York. One day, a customer (顾客) did not like the French fries. He said they were cut too thick. That day Crum was in a bad mood, so he cut the potatoes really, really thin and he cooked them for a long time until they were very crispy (酥脆的). He wanted to make the customer dislike them. But the customer loved them very much and asked for more. Other people wanted Crum’s potato chips. Now, there was a new food on the menu—Saratoga chips. Soon Crum opened his own restaurant and made his special chips. It took a long time to make potato chips. People peeled the potatoes by hand. Then in 1920, the automatic (自动的) potato peeler changed everything. Now it was faster and easier to make potato chips. Now potato chips were not a specialty. They were a popular snack food, but only in the north. A salesman named Herman Lay wanted to sell potato chips in the south. He sold potato chips in bags. His business grew. Today, Americans eat a lot of potato chips every day. 阅读短文, 判断正(T)误(F)。 ()46. At first the French fries were very thin. ()47. To make the customer angry, George Crum made the first potato chips. ()48. Before 1920, it was not easy to make potato chips. ()49. George Crum invented (发明) a kind of machine which could peel potatoes. ()50. It was George Crum who brought the potato chips to the south.

外研版英语八上课文翻译

精心整理Module 1 Unit 1 詹姆斯老师:同学们,欢迎大家返校学习。今天,我们要讨论一下学习英语的好方法。 准备好了吗?谁能提些建议? 玲玲:在课堂上我们应该一直说英语。 很多学生请我就如何提高英语水平给出建议。下面是他们提出的三个基本问题 第一个问题是关于如何理解英文电影和英文歌曲的。湖北的李浩写道:“我喜欢看 英文电影,听英文歌曲,但我听懂得不多。我该怎么办呢?” 看电影、听歌曲是很好的英语学习方式。多看多听几遍,然后猜猜生词的意思。 每一次你都将学到新的东西。我还建议你和朋友谈一谈看过的电影或听过的歌曲。 第二个问题是关于口语的。吉林的王帆写道:“我们学校有一位来自美国的外教。

但是我比较腼腆,不敢和她说话,我该怎么办?” 你可以说:“嗨!你好!”“你喜欢中国吗?”这些都是发起话题的好方式。说话 之前,对她笑一笑。记住:别害羞,多尝试。 第三个问题是关于词汇的。安徽的张磊写道:“我把生词写下来,但是很快就忘记 了,我怎么才能记住这些生词呢?” 别担心。忘记生词是正常的!我建议你每天在纸上记下四五个单词,放在房间里。 大明:那你可要记得去看看地王大厦。它比深圳的其他许多建筑都高。 Unit 2 剑桥,伦敦和英格兰 托尼·史密斯 我来自剑桥,一座位于英格兰东部的美丽城市。剑桥位于康河河畔,有大约十二万人口。我的故乡

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