2018年北京大学(北大)翻硕英语(英语笔译)考研真题、报录比、录取名单

北京大学英语笔译MTI考研信息整理

北京大学英语笔译考研参考书、招生人数、历年分数线、报录比、复试信息1.招生人数（北大英语MTI只有英语笔译方向）

2015年的北大英语笔译方向计划招生30人，接受推免人数15~20人；

实际招生人数为：18人（2人为港澳台学生）接受推免人数：12人；2016年的北大英语笔译方向计划招生30人，接受推免人数15人；

实际招生人数为：18人（1人为港澳台学生）接受推免人数：12人；

2017年计划招生：055101英语笔译拟招收：30推免：13★（少推免2人）

宋宋注：北大这两年属于扩招的形式，统考的人数增加，推免人数相应的减少。

学制：两年

北大翻硕学费：

2016年：5万/两年；

2015年：8万/两年；

★前几年北大翻硕的学费相比同类院校收费要高，16年进行了调整，降至5万。

2.初试考试科目：

1、101思想政治理论（100分）

2、211翻译硕士英语（100分）

3、357英语翻译基础（150分）

4、448汉语写作与百科知识（150分）

★★★育明宋老师解析：北大英语MTI只有笔译一个方向，初试除了思想政治理论是全国统一试卷，剩下的三门专业课，都是北大自主出题，出题的整体方向都偏文学性，特别指出的是，北大英语MTI 和日语的MTI的专业课汉语写作与百科知识，考的是同一张试卷，分为基础知识（100分）和专业知识（50分）两部分，满分150分.

3.初试题型分析：

一、初试题型

1、翻译硕士英语：单选、阅读理解、写作（个别院校会有完型和改错）；北大的题型会有一些不同，在原有的基础上加入了排序题，排序题相对来说会有一定的难度。

2、英语翻译基础：本考试包括二个部分：词语翻译和外汉互译，总分150分；

词语翻译30分（英译汉、汉译英）：15个外文术语及15个中文术语、缩略语或专有名词；

段落翻译120分（英译汉、汉译英）：两端段或是文章，250-350个单词或者150-250个汉字；

3、汉语写作与百科知识：本考试包括二个部分：百科知识和汉语写作，总分150分；

百科知识50分：名词解释或者是选择填空25个；

汉语写作100分：可分为大作文和小作文的写作，大作文（60分）体裁可以是说明文、议论文或应用文；小作文（40分）的写作一般是通知类、说明类、倡议书、会议通知、商务信函等。

4.参考书目：

1-《中式英语之鉴》Joan Pinkham、姜桂华著，2000年，外语教学与研究出版社。

2-《英汉翻译简明教程》庄绎传著，2002年，外语教学与研究出版社。

3-《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》叶子南著，2001年，清华大学出版社。

4-《非文学翻译理论与实践》罗进德主编，2004年，中国对外翻译出版公司。

5-《非文学翻译》，李长栓著，2009年9月外语教学与研究出版社出版。

6-《非文学翻译理论与实践》，李长栓著，中国对外翻译出版公司。

7-《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社。

8-《全国翻译硕士考研真题解析》天津科技翻译出版社。

★★育明宋宋老师解析参考书该怎么读才能更有效果？

（1）通读教材，先不要追求细节，但求入门；

（2）研究真题，把握出题方向，最好是有答案

（3）结合教材细读，分析复习重点，琢磨该往哪个方向做笔记和思考；

（4）不断融会贯通，该记的一定要记牢，千万不要抱有侥幸心理；该理解的要理解，最好不要死记硬背，融会贯通，对于教材所讲观点能有自己的想法非常重要；

（5）除了看专业指定书目，还可以多看看所考学校老师的专著、论文；

（6）根据真题、复试题目等出题方向，找一些相关论文和好文章，记好笔记，多积累，多思考，要有自己的想法。

5.分数线：

录取分数线

2011年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：50508590320

2012年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：50509090325

2013年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：50509090345

2014年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：50509090330

2015年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：50609090340

2016年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：50559090305

育明教育宋宋老师解析：需要了解更多资讯真题讲义押题等联系宋宋球球.二七九六二零八八二四根据历年的分数线可以看出，往年的分数线都是330-340左右，但是看到16年的分数线只有305分，可以说是历史最低分，北大是自主划线学校之一，可以根据考生的报考人数、招生人数和当年学生的整体素质等自己划定分数线，16年分数线低一是因为考试题型发生了调整变化，二是北大老师给分相对较低。对于2017年备考的考生不能以2016年做为标准，还是要以一个正常的分数330—350准备.北大毕竟是名校每年报考的人数都在递增，竞争性还是比较大的，有北大情结的考生要认真准备.

6.2016年—2015录取情况对比

2015录取分数线为：400.42016录取分数线为：305

录取最高分数：389录取最高分数：368.5

录取最低分数：344录取最低分数：305

录取平均分数：366.19录取平均分数：332.38

7.复试与录取：

北京大学的复试形式分为笔试和面试（主要考查翻译能力及专业准备，面试时的工作语言为英语）考生的外语听力考试在复试中进行，并计入复试总成绩，复试包括笔试和面试，笔试和面试分别占差额复试总成绩的30%和70％。笔试、面试成绩其一不及格者不予录取；考生只要进入复试录取的几率就很大了。育明教育从2006年开始对于北京各大院校做专业课的辅导，包括考研复试的辅导，针对每个考生自身的基础制定考研计划，包括复试联系导师等。对于2017年备考的同学一定要认真复习，稳定情绪，争取在初试把分数提高，梦圆北大。

二、英语翻译方法和技巧归纳

这里把英语翻译的方法和技巧做个归纳，便于大家记忆和运用。

一、词汇方面

㈠.词义选择

大多数英语词汇是多义的，翻译时必须选择正确的词义。词义选择的方法有三:根据上下文和词的搭配选择、根据词类选择、根据专业选择。

㈡.词义转换

在理解英文词汇的原始意义基础上，翻译时可根据汉语的习惯按引伸义译出；或用反义词语译出，即所谓的正文反译、反文正译。

㈢.词类转换

英语中很多由动词转化而成的名词、以及动名词、非谓语动词等，汉译时可将它们转换成动词。

㈣.补词

是指原文已有某种含义但未用词汇直接表达，译文中需将这些含义补充进去，这样才更通顺易读，如：英语中数词与名词之间没有量词，而译成汉语时可酌情增加。

㈤.省略

是指原文中某些词在译文中省略不译，只要并不影响意义的完整。如：上面讲的汉语“量词”，译成英语时则可以省略；又如：英语中大量使用物主代词而汉语中往往省略不用。

㈥.并列与重复

英语在表达重复含义的并列结构中常采用共享、替代、转换等形式来避免重复，而汉语却常常有意重复表达以加强文字的力度，如：英语的物主代词替代前面的名词，短语动词只重复介词而省略主

动词，汉译时可考虑重复表达。

二、句子结构方面

子结构方面的翻译技巧，主要有三种类型：语序类、组合类和转换类。

㈠.语序类

1.顺译法与逆译法

第三书中讲句子顺序时谈到，英语时间状语可前可后。不仅如此英语在表达结果、条件、说明等定语从句、状语从句也很灵活，既可以先述也可以后述。而汉语表达往往是按时间或逻辑的顺序进行的，因此，顺译法也罢逆译法也罢，其实都是为了与汉语的习惯相一致。英语表达与汉语一致的就顺译，相反的则逆译。

有时候顺译法与逆译法的差别,就象前面谈的正译与反译,依译者的爱好而定。

2.前置法

英语中较短的限定性定语从句、表身份特征等的同位语在译成汉语时，往往可以提到先行词（中心词）的前面。

3.分起总叙与总起分叙

长句子和句子嵌套现象在英语中比较普遍，这是因为英语的连词、关系代词、关系副词等虚词比较活跃、生成能力强，可构成并列句、复合句以及它们的组合形式。

嵌套罗列而成的英语长句确实给理解和翻译都带来了一定困难。但联想到第三书中介绍的逻辑语法分析方法却又令人思路豁然明亮。

英语长句虽然长，但它既称为“句”，毕竟可以提炼成一个主干和由若干个定语从句、状语从句等构成的说明部分。用“三秋树法则”可简化出这个主干。

根据句子阐述的内容和汉语的思维习惯，采用分起总叙或总起分叙翻译法翻译即可。

总起分叙，就是先把句子的主干译出，然后分别译出其它说明部分，即先归纳后叙述；分起总叙，就是先叙述后总结。

4.归纳法（综合法）

对于个别英语语言呈跳跃性的长句、蒙太奇性的长句，译者需要进行“综合治理”，重新组合，体会“翻译是再创造”这句话的含义，归纳而成明明白白的佳译。

㈡.组合类

1.分句法

有些句子由于“联系词”的联系,虽在形式上是一个句子,但句子许多成分的意义是独立的。将它们断开分成短句是完全可以的。断开的位置一般可选在这些联系词处。联系词通常由关系代词、关系副词、独立副词、伴随动词等担任。

2.合句法

形式上为两个句子或多个句子，但意思紧密相关，只要译文不显得冗长，是可以合译成一个句子的。如：同主语的简单句、并列句可合成一个句子的并列成分，较短的定语从句、状语从句可由从句缩成主句的修饰成分。

㈢.转换类

1.句子成分的转换

前面说到词类可以转译，句子成分在翻译时也可以转换。句子成分的转换主要是由译文里动词与名词的搭配关系改变了它们在原文里的语法关系引起的。

2.被动语态的转换

一些被动语态句子可以按顺译法直译，但大多数被动语态的句子翻译时需要做一番转换才能使译文更加汉语化，这是汉语较少使用被动语态的缘故。

被动语态的改译常有三种方法：①还原成主动句：将by后的动作发出者还原成主语；增加“人们”“我们”等原文省略的动作发出者还原成主动句。②构造成主动句：使用“把、由、使、让、给”等词译成主动句。③转化成自动句：通过选择汉语译文的动词，将原文动词的承受者（即主语）转变成汉语中那个动词动作的发出者（仍然做主语）。

三、口译核心词汇——商务谈判

经营范围line/scope business

品牌资产brand equity

特许专卖franchising

独家销售/经销代理exclusive distribution/selling agency

直销策略direct sale strategy

促销/营销组合promotional/marketing mix

电话营销telemarketing

集中/网络/差异性营销concentrated/network/differentiated marketing

整合营销传播方式Integrated Marketing Communications(IMC)approach

推销员奖金push money(PM)

讨价还价bargain

回佣；回扣return commission

季节性折扣seasonal discount

离岸价F.O.B.(Free on Board)

离岸加运费价C&F(Cost and Freight)

装运港船边交货价F.A.S.(Free Alongside Ship)

目的港船边交货价F.O.S.(Free over Side)

到岸加佣金C.I.F.C.(Cost,Insurance,Freight and Commission)实/虚盘firm/non-firm offer

现/期货价spot/forward price

开/收盘价opening/closing price

批发/零售价wholesale/retail price

净/毛利润net/gross profit

现货spot goods

库存有限limited stock

尝试性订购trial/try-out order

现金结算cash settlement

信用证结算payment by letter of credit(L/C)

到货付款cash on delivery(COD)

定金；首付down payment

分期付款payment by installments

违约breach the contrast/agreement

贸易索赔business claim

要求赔偿损失claim for a compensation of loss/damage

易货贸易barter trade

补偿贸易compensation trade

外汇储蓄foreign exchange reserve

市场准入market access

双赢/多赢/共赢战略win-win/all-win strategy

我们愿意与贵公司建立业务关系。

We wish to enter business relations with your company.

本报价随行就市。

This offer is subject to market fluctuation.

您能否给我一些最新的含详细价格单的商品目录？我想回去仔细研究一下。

Can I have your latest catalogs with detailed prices to take home for a closer examination?

感谢您对我方的询盘迅速作出的答复。

Thank you for your quick response to our inquiry.

请给我一个有效期为90天的C.I.F.报价，目的港为洛杉矶，报价含6%的佣金。

I’d like to hear your quotation on a C.I.F.Los Angeles basis valid for90days,with an inclusion of a5%agent’s commission in your quotation.

我方的报盘自今日起一周内有效，以后可按每日市价变动/随行就市。

Our offer is valid for seven days from today,and will then be subject to change according to the market price of the day.

我方的报价是优惠的，我们的调价是有限的，目前我们无法接受您的还盘。

Our quotation is favorable in your interest,and there is a limit to our price adjustment. Currently we just cannot accept your counter-offer.

我们来讨论一下付款方式吧。

I would like to discuss the terms of payment with you.

如果贵方到期未能按时付款，我方将中止合同，并提出索赔。

Should you fail to honor your payment in due time,we would terminate the contract and lodge a claim against you.

如果货运耽搁，你会得到全额退款。

You would get a full refund if there should be a delay in the shipment.

在我们结束谈判之前我想在合同里加一个条款，我对口头约定不放心。

Before we wrap up everything,I’d like to add a clause to the contract.I’m not comfortable with the verbal agreement.

根据我们这些天来的会谈，我希望今天能与你们草签一份协定，然后定下正式签约的日期。Today I would like to sign a protocol with you based on our meetings during the last few days,and set a date for an official signing ceremony.

我认为这是一个双赢的协议。

I consider this a win-win agreement.

贵公司想与我公司建立长期合作关系的想法与我不谋而合。

Your wish to establish long-term cooperative relations coincides with ours.

我们希望所得到的技术应该是先进、成套和可靠的，同时也是我们所急需的。

We hope to get the technology that is truly advanced,integrated,reliable,and of course appropriate to our urgent needs.

三、翻译硕士考研资料：（全套）

（一）汉语写作与百科知识---天津出版传媒集团

李国正，夏衍教授主编，这本书针对近三年各个翻译硕士院校的真题进行了分析和统计，并总结了历年各个院校翻译硕士考研规律。

翻译硕士英语真题解析---天津科技出版社出版

英语翻译基础真题解析----天津科技出版社出版

（二）真题集汇总：

2010年翻译硕士考研真题集

2011年翻译硕士考研真题集

2012年翻译硕士考研真题集

2013年翻译硕士考研真题集

2014年翻译硕士考研真题集

2015年翻译硕士考研真题集

2016年翻译硕士考研真题集

翻译硕士考研词汇精编-----分类汇总

翻译硕士考研词汇精编-----分频汇总

育明教育考研考博专业课辅导针对考研开设的辅导课程有：专业课一对一·全程集训营·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在85%以上。育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考研成功的基础保障。

2018年考研英语(一)真题答案与解析【凯程首发】

2018年考研英语（一）参考答案【凯程首发】 刚刚考完，凯程的电话瞬间变成了热线，学员兴奋地汇报他们的考试情况，提到了英语考试，都是在集训营训练的过的内容。凯程近1-2天发布真题解析视频，凯程艾老师预祝同学们考试顺利。 1.选C，for a condition for表对象，意思是“是…的条件” 2.选A，faith faith此处同义替换trust 3.选D,price carry a high price表示可能会付出很大的代价，线索为wrong place 4．选B，then 承上启下句，“那么，为什么要去信任他人呢？” 5.选D，when 并无转折，是简单的时间状语从句 6.选B，produces 与后面的trigger同意替换，产生愉悦的感觉 7.选C，connect 人之间的关系、联系用connect, 8.选D，to to表方向，暴露在这种荷尔蒙（作用）下 9.选B,mood in a mood固定搭配，心情心境 10.选A，counterparts 物主代词＋counterpart固定的搭配，表示相对应的人或物 11.选B，Lucky 从a six sense for dishonesty逻辑知道，11空为褒义词，12空也是褒义词 12.选B，protect 同11，且与主题，信任相关 13.选A,between

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2018年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版 2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一) Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it's a necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2, in the wrong place often carries a high 3. 4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure 8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else. 11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12 us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each 14 to an adult tester holding a plastic c ontainer. The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look 15. Half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty-and realized the tester had 17 them. Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 19, only five of the 30 children paired with the “20”tester participated in a follow-up activity.

2018年考研英语二真题

绝密★启用前 2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试 英语（二） （科目代码：204） ☆考生注意事项☆ 1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡 指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号,并涂写考生编号信息点。 2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷 条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。 3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须 书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。 4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂 写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。 5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。 （以下信息考生必须认真填写） 考生编号 考生姓名

SectionⅠUse of English Directions： Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to1uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will2to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will3. In a series of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students’willingness to4themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one5,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist?Half of the pens would6an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified.7left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would8.Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli,9the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to10is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for11or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct–it can12new scientific advances, for instance–but sometimes such13can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do14things is a profound one. Unhealthy curiosity is possible to15,however.In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to16how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to17to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the18of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine19it is worth the endeavor.“Thinking about long-term 20is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,”Hsee says.In other words,don’t read online comments.