8月22日雅思阅读考题回顾

8月22日雅思阅读考题回顾

雅思阅读考题回顾

考试日期2009.6.20

Passage 1

Title:

珍珠的种类制作和历史

Question types：Which paragraph contains the following statement? T/F/NG; Summary with list of words

大致内容关于pearl 第一段先说pearl在古代是富贵和地位的象征，在古罗马是怎怎怎的，在波斯还被当成可以医治百病的药（后面有一题问哪个国家提及古代被用于药学就是波斯啦，另外有一个说哪一段提及ancient customer也就是第一段A）。第二段说pearl分三类，natural，cultural和imitation，也就是fake，然后说了natural pearl 的很多特点。第三段说cultural pearl与natural不同的地方。第四段说natural pearl的form和很多因素有关，说明natural pearl很不容易得到。之后说cultural pearl就好产很多。第五段说cultural pearl 的培养分为盐水培育和淡水培育，盐水培育质量一般比较高，淡水培育也有部分质量比较高的。第六段说除了这两种以外，还有的一种在那个什么地方有专门产fake pearl，很好看而且便宜，这三种pearl用没有经过训练的肉眼是分不出来的，只有在某种光下才看得出来，cultural 的核（core）比natural 大，然后说pearl的价值与size和光泽度有关，说非洲的pearl是世界上最大的，但是光泽度不如Japan的，但是Japan的很小的，所以最后还是African pearl更贵。最后说，曾经在波斯湾的一个B开头的地方是产natural pearl最大的地方，后来怎么就停了，现在India是做cultural pearl 最负盛名的地方。

Passage 2

Title:

人类记忆力

Question

types：

People’s view point matching; Multiple choice; Summary

大致内容记忆时候与年龄有关大致是说，一开始人们以为老人的脑功能随着年龄增长衰退了，就不如年轻人了，后来做了一些脑功能测试，发现虽然老人的大脑结构已经和年轻人的天差地别了，但是，老人的测试成绩并不比年轻人差，只是完成相同任务用的脑功能不同罢了。后来科学家就对什么影响脑功能产生了兴趣，一个人用老鼠做实验，把一群老鼠单独关在单调无趣的小房间里，它就脑收缩了，然后把它们放到一个群居的大房间里（是笼子cage不好意思），还有很多玩具和伙伴，它们的脑又变大变复杂了，后来发现，如果不时常更换玩具的话，老鼠又会迟钝的，因此，得出结论说环境的单调和复杂刺激着大脑的发展。后来又一个科学家继续解释说人在challenging环境下会更聪明。然后说到记忆是脑功能的一大部分，记忆分为两类，语义记忆（semantic memory）和事件记忆（episodic memory），语义记忆举例说有记忆vocabulary什么的。然后说不同的记忆受年龄的影响是不一样的，后来还说到老人事件记忆会衰退，但是语义记忆会越来越强（最后一段说老教师的词汇记忆量要比年轻学生大）。后来又介绍了个实验说是调查了一群高中生对他们课程表的记忆水平，发现并不是上了越久的课程记得越清楚，而是那些什么用instrument越多的课程越容易被记住。因而说明这种记忆和使用的次数没关系。还说学校提供了学生了解自己脑功能的机会，还说这就是为什么记忆越好的人，学校考试考得好，以后也越聪明的道理。下面又哪个科学家做了一个实验，有两组被试，一组是成人组，一组是儿童组，当他们完成记忆数字任务的时候，成人组明显比儿童组记得更多，但是当要求他们记忆象棋的图案时，儿童组明显比成年组记得更好，科学家分析说是因为儿童组是玩过象棋的还是什么的，他们记忆图案时候，组织的比成年人好。说明不同的记忆策略影响记忆成绩。最后说智力分为晶体智力（crystalized intelligence）和流体智力（流体智力没有直接说明），说是晶体智力随年龄增长会衰退也不知道是流体智力会衰退，反正还有一个是不会衰退的，就举了老教师和年轻学生vocabulary test 的例子。

Title:

大象与同族的沟通方式及身体构造

Question types：Diagram; Summary

Which paragraph contains the following statement? Multiple choice;

大致内容说大象传递信息的方式说最早就不知道大象还会用超声波传递信息（高频声波和低频声波），一个女学士去考察的时候发现大象鼻子老是要到地上嗅嗅什么的，很奇怪，她就想到她做过的一个报告说一种什么虫子是通过脚在地方蹭啊蹭就能感知信号，所以联想起来觉得大象大概也有

特别的传递方式，后面说很多科学家做的实验。先说它们

可以用这种方式吸引异性，mating，然后说他们可以用这

种方式感知和发动危险信号，接着说如果给出不同的

recording，有些他们会恐惧有些不会，说明他们能分辨不

同大象的信号，还有一点说breeding的时候。

点评（本次考试特点、难点、考题还原、考生热点评论、特别信息）：

本次阅读考试三篇文章都属于正常难度范围，没有特别简单也没有特别难，题材还是以生物学，社会科学研究为主，题型相对来说比较集中，主要集中表现为段落摘要填空，选择题，细节信息配对和人名理论配对，但也出现了填图这类比较容易的题型。判断题没有在本次考试中有所强调，只出现在第一篇文章中3道题目，都是以比较关系为主。虽然有两篇出了细节信息配对段落，但由于题数不多题目也比较容易理解，所以并没有造成大家做题的障碍。总体来看本次阅读考试还是以常规题型为主，难度适中。

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