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仁爱版英语九年级上册知识点第四单元

仁爱版英语九年级上册知识点第四单元
仁爱版英语九年级上册知识点第四单元

基础义务教育资料

Unit 4 Topic1 When was it invented?

Ⅰ.词组归纳:

be(not)allowed to do sth. (没有)被允许做某事

show sth. to sb.=show sb. sth. 把某物展示给某人看

①be made by sb. 被……(某人)制作

②be made of 用……制造的(可看出原材料)

③be made from 用……制造的(不可看出原材料)

④be made in 在…….(地点)制造

⑤be made into 被制成…….

send sth. to sp. 、sb. 发送某物给某人\某地

realize…=make …come true 实现…

spend sometime/some money (in)doing sth. 花费时间\金钱做某事spend sometime/some money on sth. 在。。。上花费时间\金钱

some knowledge about sth. 一些关于…….的知识

8.①be used to do sth =be used for doing sth. 被用做某事

②be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事

used to do sth. 过去常常做某事

③be used as…某物被用作……./被作为。。。使用

9.It is said that…据说……

10.during one’s life 在某人的一生中

11.go this way 走这边

12.make tents 搭帐篷

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/d33230602.html,e about 产生

15.a few simple steps 一点简单的步骤

16.be discouraged by 被……阻挡

17.brainstorm for ideas 集思广益

18.make a detailed drawing 画下具体的图画

19.share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物

21.the rest of the time 剩余的时间

22.a man-made satellite 一颗人造卫星

23.the shape of the earth 地球的形状

Ⅱ重点句子:

1.The radio was invented by Guglielmo Marconi in 1895. 收音机是在1895 年马可尼发明的.

2.When was the digital camera developed? 数码相机是什么时候研发的?

It was developed in the 1970s. 它发展于20 世纪70 年代.

3.Where was it developed? 它在哪发展的?

It was developed in Japan. 它在日本得以发展.

4.What is a rocket used for? 火箭被用来做什么?

It is used for sending satellites or spaceships into space.

它被用作发射卫星或宇宙飞船到太空.

5.I wish I could go into space some day. 我希望有一天我能去太空.

6.I hope your dream will come true. 我希望你梦想成真.

7.It’s said that he invented more than two thousand things during his life.

据说他一生中发明了两千多项东西.

8.Inventing is interesting and exciting and everyone can be an inventor.

发明是有趣且激动人心的,每个人都能成为发明家.

Ⅲ. 语法(被动语态)

①构成法:

1.一般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词

Our classroom is cleaned every day.

2.一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词

A new shop was built last year.

3.现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been +及物动词的过去分词Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.

4.一般将来时的被动语态构成:will/shall+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

A new hospital will be built in our city.

5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成:情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

Young trees must be watered often.

6.现在进行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being +及物动词的过去分词

Eg :They are planting trees over there. →Trees are being planted over there by

them.

7.不定式的被动语态:to + be + 及物动词的过去分词

There are two books to be read. →There are twenty more trees to be planted.

②注意事项:

不及物动词无被动语态.

2.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to 的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to ,但变为被动语态时,须加上to 。感官动词有smell, sound, taste, fell 等。使役动词有let, make,

have, help, hear, see, watch, notice, look, listen.

Eg:A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. →

My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.

3.如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。

Eg:He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.

Get+过去分词也可以构成被动语态,用这种结构的句子侧重于动作的结果而不是动作本身。

Eg:The man got hurt on his way home. 那个男人在回家的路上受伤了。

How did the glass get broken? 杯子怎么破了

Unit 4 Topic 2 I’m excited about the things that will be discovered in the future.

一、短语

will be shown 将上映

life in space 太空生活

sound exciting 听起来令人激动

travel by spaceship 乘宇宙飞船旅行

live on Mars 住在火星上

under the sea 在海底

be displayed on soft screens 被展示在软显示屏上

see sth. with one’s own eyes 亲眼目睹。。。

hear the news on TV 听到电视里的新闻

take part in=join in 参加(活动,比赛,游戏)

grow up 长大

master some basic skills 掌握一些基本的技能perform ballet on the stage 在舞台上表演芭蕾prefer A to B 比起B 更喜欢A

by chance 偶然

in the universe 在宇宙中

be named after。。。被以。。。命名

53% as wide as 宽的53%

two-fifths as strong as 五分之二的强

at a distance of …以。。。的距离

in the night sky 在夜空中

be covered by 。。。被覆盖

between...and... 在......和之间

It takes some time to do sth. 去做某事花费了多少时间

search for sb./sth. 寻找某人或某物

search sb./sth/sp. 搜查某人/某物/某地

dry fruits 风干水果

It has been+time+since+句子自从做某事已经过去多久了

land on 登陆

go well 进展顺利

living conditions 生活条件

what’s worse 更糟的是

water supplies 水供给

limit the use of water 限制用水量

every six weeks 每六周another seven hundred days 另外700 天be worth doing sth. 值得做某事

the solar system 太阳系

send a message 发消息

in outer space 在外太空

二. 重点句型

We will be able to do anything that can be done on the earth.

我们将能做任何可以在地球上做的事情。

I won’t believe there are aliens until I see them with my own eyes.

直到我亲眼看见才相信有外星人存在。

Mars is named after Mars, the Roman god of war.

火星是以罗马战神的名字命名。

Mars’diameter is 53% as wide as that of the earth.

火星的直径是地球的53%宽。

Mars goes around the sun at a distance of about 228 million kilometers.

火星在相距228,000,000 千米的距离围绕太阳运行。

A person who weighs 90 kilos on earth weighs only 36 kilos on Mars.

一个在地球上重90 千克的人在火星上重36 千克。

It took a spaceship about eight months to reach Mars from the earth.

从火星到地球花费宇宙飞船大约八个月的时间。

三、语法:一般将来时被动语态

基本形式:一般将来时的被动语态表示“……将要被……”

1.will / shall + be + done

2.be going to + be + done

构成:学习一般将来时的被动语态,首先应掌握其各种结构形式。

①1.肯定式will(shall)+be+动词的过去分词

2.否定式will(shall)+not+be+动词的过去分词

3.疑问式Will(Shall)+主语+be+动词的过去分词?现在,请看实例:

肯定句:A new stadium will be put up here.

否定句:A new stadium will not(won't)be put up here.

疑问句及简略回答:Will a new stadium be put up here ?Yes,it will./No,it won't.特殊疑问句及回答:What will be put up here ?A new stadium.

②1.肯定式be going to+be+动词的过去分词

2.否定式be+not+going to+be+动词的过去分词

3.疑问式be+主语+going to+be+动词的过去分词?简略回答Yes,主语+be.No,主语+be+ not.

现在,请看实例:

肯定句:A lot of athletes are going to be invited to Beijing.

否定句:But those who have used illegal drugs are not going to be invited.(但那些使用违禁药物的将不被邀请。)疑问句及简略回答:Are some world-famous singers going to be invited ?Yes,they are.

特殊疑问句及回答:Who else is going to be invited ?Some judges and sports

officials.

Unit 4 Topic3 China is the third nation that sent a person into space.

一. 重点词组归纳

in the Science Museum 在科学博物馆

the national hero 民族英雄

send…into…将。。。送入

be proud of 为。。。感到自豪

in the past few years 在过去的几年中

prove 的两种用法:prove + that 从句“证明。。。”;prove …to …“向。。。证实”

make great progress 取得很大的进步

launch another four spaceships 又发射了四艘宇宙飞船

realize your dream = make your dream come true 实现你的梦想

step into the Space Age 步入太空时代

a landmark of China’s space industry 中国太空业的里程碑

set foot on the moon 在月球上留下足迹

take part in the space flight 参加了太空飞行

along with sb. 和某人一起

have a spacewalk 进行一次太空漫步

land on the lunar surface 登陆在月球表面

some recent developments 一些最近的进展

use electronic controls 使用电子操纵系统

know little about sth. 对某事几乎不了解

master computer technology 掌握电脑技术

advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

make computers serve us better 使得电脑更好地为我们服务

thanks for your introduction 谢谢你的介绍

explain to sb. 向某人解释

as well as 。。。也;和。。。一样也。。。

make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事add…to…把。。。加到。。。

dried food 脱水食物

look at stars through telescopes 通过望远镜看星星

spend some time (in) doing sth. 花一段时间做某事

return to the earth safely 安全地返回地球

control the speed and direction of the spaceship 控制飞船的速度和方向in many areas of work and leisure 在工作和休闲的许多领域

there is no doubt that…毫无疑问地

with the help of computers 在电脑的帮助下

solve problems 解决问题

keep the hearts beating normally 保持心脏正常地跳动

be dangerous to sb. 对某人是危险的

place and cancel orders 订购和取消订单

come into being 形成

personal computers 个人电脑

do business at home 在家做生意

write letters on paper 在纸上写信

chat online 网络聊天

improve our lives 改善我们的生活

for instance 例如

work on computers too long 在电脑上工作太长时间

get headaches 头痛

get sore eyes 眼睛痛

play computer games too much 过度玩电脑游戏know / say…for certain 确切地知道/肯定地说…二. 重点句型

1.What a large crowd! 这么多人!

2.Along with his partner, Buzz Aldrin, Armstrong had a spacewalk.

(语法:句子主语仍然只是Armstrong,不受词组along with …的影响。)

3.Since the Internet came into being, people’s lives at home have been changed, too.

(语法:since 引导的从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时。)

4.Not everything we read on the Internet is true or good for us.

我们在因特网上所读到的一切对我们来说并非都是真实或有益的。(语法:部分否定)

5.besides:副词,“而且,还有”。如:I don’t really want to go. Besides, it’s too late now.

介词,“除。。。之外”,表示都在范围之内。如:Besides English, we study many

other subjects.

except:介词,“除。。。之外”,强调所排除的不在范围之内。如:They all went there except Tom.

三. 语法:定语从句

在复合句中,修饰某一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。从句放在所修饰词(即先行词)之后,由关系代词引导。将一句含有定语从句的复合句分成两句简单句,有助于初学者对定语从句的理解。如:书中例句:

Spaceships which now mainly use electronic controls used to be controlled by astronauts.

我们可以把上述句子分成两个简单句,如下:

Spaceships used to be controlled by astronauts. Spaceships now mainly use electronic controls.

请做更多的有关定语从句的拆分和合成的练习:

China is the third nation. The nation sent a person into space. (合并成一句)It’s a spaceship which was launched as China’s first lunar probe. (分成两句)In all big cities, there are things that tourists shouldn’t miss. (分成两句)This is the spaceship which the astronauts use in space. (分成两句)

The foreigner is from Canada. The foreigner visited our school yesterday.(合并成一句)

The boy whom we met is Li Ming’s brother. (分成两句)

The fish which we bought were not fresh. (分成两句)

Hang is the boy. The boy’s mother is our maths teacher. (合并成一句)

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