中等职业学校英语教材基础模块3第一单元重点单词

第一单元重点单词

一、预习：生活和文化（教材P21）

Thanksgiving感恩节

1.带着问题阅读文章，并找出答案回答问题。关键词已经用双横线画出来。

原文的生词：ever since: 从此start: 开始

common:共同的，常见的with: 和

sport: 体育运动match:比赛

people:人们，人民

①When did Thanksgiving Day start?

②How was the first Thanksgiving Day celebrated?

③Who did people thank on the first Thanksgi v in g Day?

④Who do people thank for now on Thanksgiving Day?

⑤What is the most common food for Thanksgiving Day?

⑥Whom do people celebrate Thanksgiving Day with?

⑦What sports match will people watch on Thanksgiving Day?

Thanksgiving is a traditional festival that started in 1621.

①答：1621.

②答：After a hard year, they had a big autumn harvest. They held a feast and invited the native

American Indians to thank God for giving them enough food. Thanksgiving has been celebrated ever since in the US.

③答：God.

④答：Now, Thanksgiving is a time to thank other people for their love and help in life.

⑤答: A roast turkey(烤鸡) is the most common dish in Thanksgiving

dinner.

⑥答: For Thanksgiving, most people in the US spend it with their family.

⑦答: Many people like to watch American football on TV.

Lead-in 导入（教材P9）

1.匹配题。将图片和相应的句子描述匹配。

西方节日对应句子节日详解

Christmas 圣诞节a 每年公历12月25日。圣诞节是一个宗教节，西方把它当作耶稣的诞辰来庆祝。习俗：

圣诞老人，圣诞卡片，圣诞袜，圣诞帽，圣诞树。

Thanksgiving 感恩节d 每年11月第四个星期四定为“感恩节”，感恩节是美国人合家欢聚的节日。习俗：晚

宴（火鸡是必备品）。

Easter 复活节b 复活节象征着重生与希望，为纪念耶稣被钉死在十字架之后第三天复活的日子。习俗：

节日彩蛋，复活节礼物：跟春天和再生有关系（包括鸡蛋、小鸡、小兔子、鲜花）。

Halloween 万圣节c 每年的10月31日。此节日是祭祀亡魂的时刻，在避免恶灵干扰的同时，也已食物祭

拜祖灵及善灵，以祈平安度过严冬。万圣节前夜，小孩子会穿上化妆服，戴上面具，

挨家挨户收集糖果。习俗：恶作剧的服装，南瓜灯。

重点词汇：

★ home / house / family 有什么区别？

1.family“家庭，家庭成员”（与居住的房子无关）

当family为“家庭”时，为单数；→My family is happy.

当family为“家庭成员”时，为复数。→My family are watching TV.

2.house “房屋，住宅”（一般对家人所居住的建筑物而言。）

→There are many new houses in our village.(我们村里有很多新房子。)

3.home “家”（一个人出生或居住的地方），“家乡，故乡”

house 没有感情色彩；home 有感情色彩，暗含“团聚，思念”的意思。→East or West, home is the best.(意译)金窝银窝，不如自己的草窝。

（直译）东方或西方，家是最好的。

意译不同于直接翻译，而是用中文特有的语言，将英文根据原文的大意来翻译，不作逐字逐句的翻译。

感情色彩褒义词表示喜欢

贬义词表示不喜欢

中性词不喜欢也不讨厌

★fun 乐趣n.

→a lot of fun (很多乐趣

)

funny 有趣的adj.

→The story is funny.

问：funny的词根是什么呢？答：fun。

★ interesting 有趣的adj.

interest- 是词根，词根是一个单词的根本部分，表示一个单词的基本意义。

1.interesting 表示事物是有趣的→The cat is interesting.

2. interested 讲人对什么感兴趣 →I am interested in the book. →The story is interesting, so all the children are interested in it.

3. interest 兴趣 n. →I have no interest in your plan.

surprising 令人惊讶的 →He gave me some surprising news. surprised 感到惊讶的 →We are surprised at his surprising success. surprise 惊讶 →Tom looked at me in surprise.

★ a lot of ＝ lots of “许多的”

两者既可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词

★ right 正确的 adj. 反义词: wrong 错误的 adj. →That’s right. （那是对的。） →Mr. right. （对的先生）（直译） (真命天子) （意译）

→That’s all right. （别客气）

What’s wrong with you? (你怎么了？) ＝What’s the matter with you?

★ happen 发生 v. What happened? 发生了什么事情？ 英语的基本时态大致有三种： 过去时，现在时，将来时 这节课我们重点学习过去时

过去时 现在时 将来时

英语中，时态就像这条射线，过去时表示发生在过去的动作；现在时表示现在这个时间点的动作；将来时表示即将发生的动作。

★ imagine 想象 v. Imagination -tion 为名词后缀

唠唠嗑~ 同学们在学习时要插上想象imagination 的翅膀,例如：孙悟空一定只有一种形象吗？ 每个人心中都可以有一个孙悟空~

废话连篇~ 一千个读者有一千个《哈姆雷特》。 《哈姆雷特》是西方意大利文艺复兴时期文学的最高成就。 Do you know 意大利？有机会多多去了解文艺复兴吧~

过去时

一般情况

在动词原型后加上ed work → worked look → looked

特殊情况

以e 结尾的动词直接加 -d live → lived hope → hoped

变y 为i 再加ed study

→ studied carry → carried

双写最后的辅音字母再加ed stop → stopped plan → planned

不规则 have → had are → were is/am → was

第一单元重点单词2

★ 疑问词 （在阅读文章时候，思考这些问题，将能帮你迅速找出关键点）

（比如教材21页的7个问题，全部都是以这些疑问词开头） 疑问词 意思

例句 when 什么时候，当……的时候

what 什么 What is your name? why 为什么

who 谁 Who are you? where 哪里 Where are you? how

如何，怎样

How do you do ？

思考并翻译以下句子 Who am I? 我是谁？ Where am I from? 我从哪里来？ Where am I going?我要去哪里？

★ everyone 每个人 n. everything 每件事 n.

反推：every 是什么意思呢？

→Everything is possible. 一切皆有可能。（每件事都是可能的） →Nothing is impossible. 一切皆有可能。（没有哪件事是不可能的）

★ feel 感觉 v.

过去式为不规则动词： felt →I feel so good.

★ help 帮助，帮忙 v,

helpful

有帮助的

use 使用 v. useful 有用的

→ I want to be a useful man.

help 代表了帮助他人，快乐自己！

帮助help 这个词可以用哪个人物来作代表呢？ 雷锋~

★ tomorrow 明天

算一算，有哪些天呢？

从“后天”的表达上，

同学们看出英语的秘密了吗？

那就是：英语很重逻辑，中文比较委婉。

废话连篇~ 在中文歌曲《月亮代表我的心》中，有这么一段中文歌词，比较委婉： 你问我爱你有多深，我爱你有几分，我的情不移，我的爱不变，月亮代表我的心~ → Tomorrow is another day. （明天是另外的一天）

昨天 yesterday 今天 today 后天 the day after tomorrow

★kind 善良的，仁慈的，宽容的

→That’s very kind of you.

问：还记得感恩节的英文表达吗？

答：Thanksgiving Day

(将这个词拆开了分析理解)

thanks 谢谢

give 给

换一种说法，感恩节就是“给予谢谢”的意思。

感慨万分~原来词语里有秘密~

★public 公众，大众n.

→in public places (在公众场所)

废话连篇~ 在公众场所有很多规矩~ 例如：No smoking! (禁止吸烟！)

★story 故事n.

→tell story

废话连篇~同学们有没有听过丹麦的《安徒生故事》或者《格林童话》，你最喜欢哪个人物？

→ghost story （鬼故事）

大嘴巴问：西方哪个节日最爱鬼故事？Yes! Halloween 万圣节

★share 分享v.

要学会分享哦！比如：食物food 衣服clothes 书籍book

★movie 电影n. 近义词：film

★exact 准确的adj. (形容词)

exactly 准确地adv. （副词）

总结：-ly是副词后缀

slow 慢慢的adj.

slowly 慢慢地adv.

区分形容词和副词：以“的”结尾的是形容词，起到了修饰形容的作用，经常与名词搭配；

以“地”结尾的是副词，经常与动词搭配。

→exact number(准确的数字)

→Please write slowly and carefully.（慢慢地仔细地写。）

★sound n. 声音体会一下两个

sound v. 听起来单词的关联

sound 属于感官动词，跟五官有关，强调听觉。主要有以下这些感官动词。

感官动词意思强调哪种器官例句

sound 听起来听觉耳朵Sounds interesting.

feel 感觉肤觉皮肤The tomatoes feel very soft.

smell 闻起来嗅觉鼻子These flowers smell very sweet.

look 看起来视觉眼睛Look before you leap.（跳之前先看清楚）

（谚：三思而后行。）

taste 尝起来味觉嘴巴The meat tastes delicious.

★ time 时间; 次 n.

→ Time is money. → make money → this time (这次) → three times (三次) ★ ready 准备好的 adj. 固定用法：get ready to do sth. get ready for doing sth. get ready for sth. →get ready to have a picnic →get ready for having a picnic →get ready for a picnic

总结：做事情要有计划有准备，学会未雨绸缪~

★ 人称代词 we/ you/ she /he 人称代词 意思 例句

We 我们 We are family.(北京奥林匹克运动会歌词)

You 你/ 你们 You are a lucky dog.你是个幸运儿。（翻译时要注重文化差异）

She 她 She is beautiful. He 他

He is handsome.

READING 重点单词

★ prepare 准备 v.

preparation 准备 n.

巩固：-tion 为名词后缀

★ party 聚会 n. →family party

★ begin 开始 v. 近义词：start 过去时态：began

固定用法：begin to do sth. ﹦ start to do sth. →Then Mr. Hall began to prepare for the party. ★ drink

喝 v. 过去时态：drank

→Mr. Hall drank a lot that night. ★ believe 相信 v.

信仰 n. (体会一下两个单词的关联) → I believe.(《我的野蛮女友》主题曲) ★ 固定搭配： go on 继续 过去时态 went on (不规则动词)

★语法：on Christmas Day

在具体的某一天时，用on →We had English on Thursday.

★逻辑词

first 首先，第一

after that (在这之后)其次

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site marvelous magnificent climb ancient alarm smoke excited tourist lady gentleman capital history interest place of interest such as... square palace museum andsoon block traffic light traffic crossing seem Unit2 shop supermarket center shopping plaza shopping plaza department store department store mall grocery green grocery style

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