【常用软件】SPSS术语中英文对照
SPSS的统计分析过程均包含在Analysis菜单中。我们只学以下两大分析过程:DescriptiveStatistics(描述性统计)和MultipleResponse(多选项分析)。? DescriptiveStatistics(描述性统计)包含的分析功能:
1.?Frequencies过程:主要用于统计指定变量各变量值的频次(Frequency)、百分比(Percent)。
2.?Descriptives过程:主要用于计算指定变量的均值(Mean)、标准差(Std.Deviation)。
3.?Crosstabs过程:主要用于两个或两个以上变量的交叉分类。?
MultipleResponse(多选项分析)的分析功能:
1.DefineSet过程:该过程定义一个由多选项组成的多响应变量。
2.Frequencies过程:该过程对定义的多响应变量提供一个频数表。
3.Crosstabs过程:该过程提供所定义的多响应变量与其他变量的交叉分类表。Absolutedeviation,绝对离差
Absolutenumber,绝对数
Absoluteresiduals,绝对残差
Accelerationarray,加速度立体阵
Accelerationinanarbitrarydirection,任意方向上的加速度
Accelerationnormal,法向加速度
Accelerationspacedimension,加速度空间的维数
Accelerationtangential,切向加速度
Accelerationvector,加速度向量
Acceptablehypothesis,可接受假设
Accumulation,累积
Accuracy,准确度
Actualfrequency,实际频数
Adaptiveestimator,自适应估计量
Addition,相加
Additiontheorem,加法定理
Additivity,可加性
Adjustedrate,调整率
Adjustedvalue,校正值
Admissibleerror,容许误差
Aggregation,聚集性
Alternativehypothesis,备择假设
Amonggroups,组间
Amounts,总量
Analysisofcorrelation,相关分析
Analysisofcovariance,协方差分析Analysisofregression,回归分析
Analysisoftimeseries,时间序列分析Analysisofvariance,方差分析
Angulartransformation,角转换
ANOVA(analysisofvariance),方差分析ANOVAModels,方差分析模型
Arcing,弧/弧旋
Arcsinetransformation,反正弦变换Areaunderthecurve,曲线面积
AREG,评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差ARIMA,季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计Arithmeticgridpaper,算术格纸
Arithmeticmean,算术平均数
Arrheniusrelation,艾恩尼斯关系
Assessingfit,拟合的评估
Associativelaws,结合律
Asymmetricdistribution,非对称分布
Asymptoticbias,渐近偏倚
Asymptoticefficiency,渐近效率
Asymptoticvariance,渐近方差
Attributablerisk,归因危险度
Attributedata,属性资料
Attribution,属性
Autocorrelation,自相关
Autocorrelationofresiduals,残差的自相关
Average,平均数
Averageconfidenceintervallength,平均置信区间长度Averagegrowthrate,平均增长率
Barchart,条形图
Bargraph,条形图
Baseperiod,基期
Bayes‘theorem,Bayes定理
Bell-shapedcurve,钟形曲线
Bernoullidistribution,伯努力分布
Best-trimestimator,最好切尾估计量
Bias,偏性
Binarylogisticregression,二元逻辑斯蒂回归Binomialdistribution,二项分布
Bisquare,双平方
BivariateCorrelate,二变量相关Bivariatenormaldistribution,双变量正态分布Bivariatenormalpopulation,双变量正态总体Biweightinterval,双权区间
BiweightM-estimator,双权M估计量
Block,区组/配伍组
BMDP(Biomedicalcomputerprograms),BMDP统计软件包Boxplots,箱线图/箱尾图
Breakdownbound,崩溃界/崩溃点Canonicalcorrelation,典型相关
Caption,纵标目
Case-controlstudy,病例对照研究
Categoricalvariable,分类变量
Catenary,悬链线
Cauchydistribution,柯西分布
Cause-and-effectrelationship,因果关系
Cell,单元
Censoring,终检
Centerofsymmetry,对称中心
Centeringandscaling,中心化和定标
Centraltendency,集中趋势
Centralvalue,中心值
CHAID-χ2AutomaticInteractionDetector,卡方自动交互检测Chance,机遇
Chanceerror,随机误差
Chancevariable,随机变量
Characteristicequation,特征方程
Characteristicroot,特征根
Characteristicvector,特征向量
Chebshevcriterionoffit,拟合的切比雪夫准则Chernofffaces,切尔诺夫脸谱图
Chi-squaretest,卡方检验/χ2检验Choleskeydecomposition,乔洛斯基分解
Circlechart,圆图
Classinterval,组距
Classmid-value,组中值
Classupperlimit,组上限
Classifiedvariable,分类变量
Clusteranalysis,聚类分析
Clustersampling,整群抽样
Code,代码
Codeddata,编码数据
Coding,编码
Coefficientofcontingency,列联系数Coefficientofdetermination,决定系数Coefficientofmultiplecorrelation,多重相关系数Coefficientofpartialcorrelation,偏相关系数Coefficientofproduction-momentcorrelation,积差相关系数Coefficientofrankcorrelation,等级相关系数Coefficientofregression,回归系数Coefficientofskewness,偏度系数Coefficientofvariation,变异系数
Cohortstudy,队列研究
Column,列
Columneffect,列效应
Columnfactor,列因素
Combinationpool,合并
Combinativetable,组合表
Commonfactor,共性因子Commonregressioncoefficient,公共回归系数Commonvalue,共同值
Commonvariance,公共方差
Commonvariation,公共变异
Communalityvariance,共性方差
Comparability,可比性
Comparisonofbathes,批比较
Comparisonvalue,比较值
Compartmentmodel,分部模型
Compassion,伸缩
Complementofanevent,补事件Completeassociation,完全正相关Completedissociation,完全不相关Completestatistics,完备统计量Completelyrandomizeddesign,完全随机化设计
Compositeevent,联合事件
Compositeevents,复合事件
Concavity,凹性
Conditionalexpectation,条件期望Conditionallikelihood,条件似然
Conditionalprobability,条件概率
Conditionallylinear,依条件线性
Confidenceinterval,置信区间
Confidencelimit,置信限
Confidencelowerlimit,置信下限
Confidenceupperlimit,置信上限ConfirmatoryFactorAnalysis,验证性因子分析Confirmatoryresearch,证实性实验研究Confoundingfactor,混杂因素
Conjoint,联合分析
Consistency,相合性
Consistencycheck,一致性检验Consistentasymptoticallynormalestimate,相合渐近正态估计Consistentestimate,相合估计Constrainednonlinearregression,受约束非线性回归Constraint,约束
Contaminateddistribution,污染分布ContaminatedGausssian,污染高斯分布Contaminatednormaldistribution,污染正态分布Contamination,污染
Contaminationmodel,污染模型
Contingencytable,列联表
Contour,边界线
Contributionrate,贡献率
Control,对照
Controlledexperiments,对照实验
Conventionaldepth,常规深度Convolution,卷积
Correctedfactor,校正因子Correctedmean,校正均值Correctioncoefficient,校正系数Correctness,正确性Correlationcoefficient,相关系数Correlationindex,相关指数Correspondence,对应
Counting,计数
Counts,计数/频数
Covariance,协方差
Covariant,共变
CoxRegression,Cox回归Criteriaforfitting,拟合准则Criteriaofleastsquares,最小二乘准则Criticalratio,临界比
Criticalregion,拒绝域
Criticalvalue,临界值
Cross-overdesign,交叉设计
Cross-sectionanalysis,横断面分析Cross-sectionsurvey,横断面调查Crosstabs,交叉表
Cross-tabulationtable,复合表Cuberoot,立方根Cumulativedistributionfunction,分布函数Cumulativeprobability,累计概率Curvature,曲率/弯曲
Curvature,曲率
Curvefit,曲线拟和
Curvefitting,曲线拟合
Curvilinearregression,曲线回归Curvilinearrelation,曲线关系
Cut-and-trymethod,尝试法
Cycle,周期
Cyclist,周期性
Dtest,D检验
Dataacquisition,资料收集
Databank,数据库
Datacapacity,数据容量Datadeficiencies,数据缺乏Datahandling,数据处理Datamanipulation,数据处理Dataprocessing,数据处理Datareduction,数据缩减
Dataset,数据集
Datasources,数据来源Datatransformation,数据变换Datavalidity,数据有效性
Data-in,数据输入
Data-out,数据输出
Deadtime,停滞期
Degreeoffreedom,自由度Degreeofprecision,精密度Degreeofreliability,可靠性程度Degression,递减
Densityfunction,密度函数Densityofdatapoints,数据点的密度Dependentvariable,应变量/依变量/因变量Dependentvariable,因变量
Depth,深度
Derivativematrix,导数矩阵
Derivative-freemethods,无导数方法
Design,设计
Determinacy,确定性
Determinant,行列式
Determinant,决定因素
Deviation,离差
Deviationfromaverage,离均差
Diagnosticplot,诊断图
Dichotomousvariable,二分变量Differentialequation,微分方程Directstandardization,直接标准化法Discretevariable,离散型变量
DISCRIMINANT,判断
Discriminantanalysis,判别分析Discriminantcoefficient,判别系数Discriminantfunction,判别值
Dispersion,散布/分散度
Disproportional,不成比例的
Disproportionatesub-classnumbers,不成比例次级组含量Distributionfree,分布无关性/免分布Distributionshape,分布形状
Distribution-freemethod,任意分布法Distributivelaws,分配律
Disturbance,随机扰动项
Doseresponsecurve,剂量反应曲线Doubleblindmethod,双盲法
Doubleblindtrial,双盲试验Doubleexponentialdistribution,双指数分布Doublelogarithmic,双对数
Downwardrank,降秩
Dual-spaceplot,对偶空间图
DUD,无导数方法
Duncan‘snewmultiplerangemethod,新复极差法/Duncan新法Effect,实验效应
Eigenvalue,特征值
Eigenvector,特征向量
Ellipse,椭圆
Empiricaldistribution,经验分布
Empiricalprobability,经验概率单位
Enumerationdata,计数资料
Equalsun-classnumber,相等次级组含量
Equallylikely,等可能
Equivariance,同变性
Error,误差/错误
Errorofestimate,估计误差
ErrortypeI,第一类错误
ErrortypeII,第二类错误
Estimand,被估量
Estimatederrormeansquares,估计误差均方Estimatederrorsumofsquares,估计误差平方和Euclideandistance,欧式距离
Event,事件
Event,事件
Exceptionaldatapoint,异常数据点
Expectationplane,期望平面
Expectationsurface,期望曲面
Expectedvalues,期望值
Experiment,实验
Experimentalsampling,试验抽样
Experimentalunit,试验单位
Explanatoryvariable,说明变量Exploratorydataanalysis,探索性数据分析
ExploreSummarize,探索-摘要Exponentialcurve,指数曲线Exponentialgrowth,指数式增长EXSMOOTH,指数平滑方法Extendedfit,扩充拟合Extraparameter,附加参数Extrapolation,外推法Extremeobservation,末端观测值Extremes,极端值/极值Fdistribution,F分布
Ftest,F检验
Factor,因素/因子Factoranalysis,因子分析FactorAnalysis,因子分析Factorscore,因子得分
Factorial,阶乘
Factorialdesign,析因试验设计Falsenegative,假阴性Falsenegativeerror,假阴性错误Familyofdistributions,分布族Familyofestimators,估计量族Fanning,扇面
Fatalityrate,病死率Fieldinvestigation,现场调查Fieldsurvey,现场调查Finitepopulation,有限总体
Finite-sample,有限样本Firstderivative,一阶导数Firstprincipalcomponent,第一主成分Firstquartile,第一四分位数Fisherinformation,费雪信息量
Fittedvalue,拟合值
Fittingacurve,曲线拟合
Fixedbase,定基
Fluctuation,随机起伏
Forecast,预测
Fourfoldtable,四格表
Fourth,四分点
Fractionblow,左侧比率
Fractionalerror,相对误差
Frequency,频率
Frequencypolygon,频数多边图
Frontierpoint,界限点
Functionrelationship,泛函关系Gammadistribution,伽玛分布Gaussincrement,高斯增量Gaussiandistribution,高斯分布/正态分布
Gauss-Newtonincrement,高斯-牛顿增量Generalcensus,全面普查
GENLOG(Generalizedlinermodels),广义线性模型Geometricmean,几何平均数
Gini‘smeandifference,基尼均差
GLM(Generallinermodels),一般线性模型Goodnessoffit,拟和优度/配合度Gradientofdeterminant,行列式的梯度
Graeco-Latinsquare,希腊拉丁方
Grandmean,总均值
Grosserrors,重大错误
Gross-errorsensitivity,大错敏感度Groupaverages,分组平均
Groupeddata,分组资料
Guessedmean,假定平均数
Half-life,半衰期
HampelM-estimators,汉佩尔M估计量Happenstance,偶然事件
Harmonicmean,调和均数
Hazardfunction,风险均数
Hazardrate,风险率
Heading,标目
Heavy-taileddistribution,重尾分布Hessianarray,海森立体阵
Heterogeneity,不同质Heterogeneityofvariance,方差不齐Hierarchicalclassification,组内分组Hierarchicalclusteringmethod,系统聚类法
High-leveragepoint,高杠杆率点HILOGLINEAR,多维列联表的层次对数线性模型Hinge,折叶点
Histogram,直方图
Historicalcohortstudy,历史性队列研究
Holes,空洞
HOMALS,多重响应分析Homogeneityofvariance,方差齐性Homogeneitytest,齐性检验
HuberM-estimators,休伯M估计量Hyperbola,双曲线
Hypothesistesting,假设检验Hypotheticaluniverse,假设总体Impossibleevent,不可能事件Independence,独立性Independentvariable,自变量
Index,指标/指数
Indirectstandardization,间接标准化法
Individual,个体
Inferenceband,推断带Infinitepopulation,无限总体Infinitelygreat,无穷大
Infinitelysmall,无穷小
Influencecurve,影响曲线Informationcapacity,信息容量Initialcondition,初始条件Initialestimate,初始估计值
Initiallevel,最初水平
Interaction,交互作用Interactionterms,交互作用项
Intercept,截距
Interpolation,内插法Interquartilerange,四分位距Intervalestimation,区间估计Intervalsofequalprobability,等概率区间Intrinsiccurvature,固有曲率
Invariance,不变性
Inversematrix,逆矩阵Inverseprobability,逆概率Inversesinetransformation,反正弦变换Iteration,迭代
Jacobiandeterminant,雅可比行列式Jointdistributionfunction,分布函数Jointprobability,联合概率Jointprobabilitydistribution,联合概率分布Kmeansmethod,逐步聚类法
Kaplan-Meier,评估事件的时间长度Kaplan-Merierchart,Kaplan-Merier图Kendall‘srankc orrelation,Kendall等级相关
Kinetic,动力学
Kolmogorov-Smirnovetest,柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验KruskalandWallistest,Kruskal及Wallis检验/多样本的秩和检验/H检验Kurtosis,峰度
Lackoffit,失拟
Ladderofpowers,幂阶梯
Lag,滞后
Largesample,大样本
Largesampletest,大样本检验
Latinsquare,拉丁方
Latinsquaredesign,拉丁方设计
Leakage,泄漏
Leastfavorableconfiguration,最不利构形Leastfavorabledistribution,最不利分布Leastsignificantdifference,最小显着差法
Leastsquaremethod,最小二乘法
Least-absolute-residualsestimates,最小绝对残差估计
Least-absolute-residualsfit,最小绝对残差拟合
Least-absolute-residualsline,最小绝对残差线
Legend,图例
L-estimator,L估计量
L-estimatoroflocation,位置L估计量
L-estimatorofscale,尺度L估计量
Level,水平
Lifeexpectance,预期期望寿命
Lifetable,寿命表
Lifetablemethod,生命表法
Light-taileddistribution,轻尾分布
Likelihoodfunction,似然函数
Likelihoodratio,似然比
linegraph,线图
Linearcorrelation,直线相关
Linearequation,线性方程Linearprogramming,线性规划Linearregression,直线回归LinearRegression,线性回归
Lineartrend,线性趋势
Loading,载荷Locationandscaleequivariance,位置尺度同变性Locationequivariance,位置同变性Locationinvariance,位置不变性Locationscalefamily,位置尺度族Logranktest,时序检验
Logarithmiccurve,对数曲线Logarithmicnormaldistribution,对数正态分布Logarithmicscale,对数尺度Logarithmictransformation,对数变换Logiccheck,逻辑检查
Logisticdistribution,逻辑斯特分布Logittransformation,Logit转换LOGLINEAR,多维列联表通用模型Lognormaldistribution,对数正态分布Lostfunction,损失函数
Lowcorrelation,低度相关
Lowerlimit,下限
Lowest-attainedvariance,最小可达方差
LSD,最小显着差法的简称
Lurkingvariable,潜在变量
Maineffect,主效应
Majorheading,主辞标目Marginaldensityfunction,边缘密度函数
Marginalprobability,边缘概率Marginalprobabilitydistribution,边缘概率分布Matcheddata,配对资料Matcheddistribution,匹配过分布Matchingofdistribution,分布的匹配Matchingoftransformation,变换的匹配Mathematicalexpectation,数学期望Mathematicalmodel,数学模型
MaximumL-estimator,极大极小L估计量Maximumlikelihoodmethod,最大似然法Mean,均数Meansquaresbetweengroups,组间均方Meansquareswithingroup,组内均方
Means(Comparemeans),均值-均值比较Median,中位数
Medianeffectivedose,半数效量Medianlethaldose,半数致死量Medianpolish,中位数平滑
Mediantest,中位数检验Minimalsufficientstatistic,最小充分统计量Minimumdistanceestimation,最小距离估计Minimumeffectivedose,最小有效量Minimumlethaldose,最小致死量Minimumvarianceestimator,最小方差估计量MINITAB,统计软件包
Minorheading,宾词标目
Missingdata,缺失值
Modelspecification,模型的确定ModelingStatistics,模型统计Modelsforoutliers,离群值模型Modifyingthemodel,模型的修正
Modulusofcontinuity,连续性模
Morbidity,发病率
Mostfavorableconfiguration,最有利构形MultidimensionalScaling(ASCAL),多维尺度/多维标度MultinomialLogisticRegression,多项逻辑斯蒂回归Multiplecomparison,多重比较Multiplecorrelation,复相关
Multiplecovariance,多元协方差Multiplelinearregression,多元线性回归Multipleresponse,多重选项
Multiplesolutions,多解
Multiplicationtheorem,乘法定理
Multiresponse,多元响应
Multi-stagesampling,多阶段抽样MultivariateTdistribution,多元T分布Mutualexclusive,互不相容Mutualindependence,互相独立Naturalboundary,自然边界
Naturaldead,自然死亡
Naturalzero,自然零
Negativecorrelation,负相关Negativelinearcorrelation,负线性相关Negativelyskewed,负偏
Newman-Keulsmethod,q检验
NKmethod,q检验
Nostatisticalsignificance,无统计意义Nominalvariable,名义变量Nonconstancyofvariability,变异的非定常性Nonlinearregression,非线性相关Nonparametricstatistics,非参数统计Nonparametrictest,非参数检验
Nonparametrictests,非参数检验Normaldeviate,正态离差Normaldistribution,正态分布Normalequation,正规方程组Normalranges,正常范围
Normalvalue,正常值Nuisanceparameter,多余参数/讨厌参数Nullhypothesis,无效假设Numericalvariable,数值变量Objectivefunction,目标函数Observationunit,观察单位Observedvalue,观察值
Onesidedtest,单侧检验
One-wayanalysisofvariance,单因素方差分析OnewayANOVA,单因素方差分析Opensequentialtrial,开放型序贯设计Optrim,优切尾
Optrimefficiency,优切尾效率Orderstatistics,顺序统计量Orderedcategories,有序分类Ordinallogisticregression,序数逻辑斯蒂回归Ordinalvariable,有序变量Orthogonalbasis,正交基Orthogonaldesign,正交试验设计Orthogonalityconditions,正交条件ORTHOPLAN,正交设计
Outliercutoffs,离群值截断点
Outliers,极端值
OVERALS,多组变量的非线性正规相关Overshoot,迭代过度
Paireddesign,配对设计