初中英语被动语态讲解

初中英语被动语态讲解

被动语态

一、考点、热点回顾

【词汇辨析】

1、across, through 穿过

across

过桥梁等。eg: They walk across the pidge、他们步行走过了这座桥。

through

eg: He walks through the park、他步行穿过公园。

2、 ill，sick―生病的‖。

ill只在系动词后作表语 eg: Her mother was ill in bed、sick 既可作表语 eg: Her mother was sick in bed、

也可作定语 eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother、

若ill作定语，译为―坏的，恶劣的‖

eg: an ill person一个坏人

sick作表语时也常译为―恶心的，想吐的―

eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car、

【固定搭配】

动词+ 名词/ 代词/ 副词+ 介词

make room for给、、、、、腾出地方 eg: We can make room for her at this table、

play a joke on戏弄人；对人恶作剧eg: We can’t play a joke on law、

speak highly of称赞 eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service、

say good bye to告别；告辞eg: I don”t want to say good bye to them、

take an active part in积极参加 eg: They take an

active part in school activities、

take care of照顾；照料；注意 eg: Could you take care of my plants while I”m on vacation?

【被动语态】

语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

例如：Many people speak Chinese、

谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。主

语和谓语是被动关系。

例如：Chinese is spoken by many people、主语Chinese 是动词speak的承受者。

被动语态的构成

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken

一般过去时：was／were＋spoken

一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken

现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken

过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken

现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken

过去完成时：had been + spoken

被动语态的用法

不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Some new puters were stolen last night、一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。T his pidge was founded in19

81、这座桥竣工于1981年。

强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：The glass was poken by Mike、玻璃杯是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him、这本书是他写的。

Your homework must be finished on time、你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。

主动语态变被动语态的方法

把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

把谓语变成被动结构。

把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：

All the people laughed at him、→ He was laughed at by all people、

They make the bikes in the factory、→ T he bikes are made by them in the factory、

He cut down a tree、→ A tree was cut down by him、

含有情态动词的被动语态

We can repair this watch in two days、

→This watch can be repaired in two days、

They should do it at once、

→It should be done at once、

特殊情况

made the boy work for two hours yesterday、

→The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday、

never lets me watch TV 、

→I am never let to watch TV by mother、

gave Peter a Christmas present just now、

→A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now、

→Pete r was given a Christmas present by Jack just now、

常见的句型结构：

It isagreedwell known that、、、、、、众所周知

It istaken for granted that、、、、、、被视为当然

It must be remembered that、、、、、、务必记住、、、、、、

It mustn’t be forgotten that、、、、、、千万别忘记、、、、、、

It issaidthat、、、、、、据说

二、典型例题

1、The Olympic Games ___________every four years、

A are held

B were held

C、are holding

D、will ho1d

2、 In the art show，a lot of enjoyment _ _to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings、

A、 is giving B is given C will give D has given

3、 Today Chinese is being more and more popular、 It _________in、 many schools around the world、

A、 teaches

B、 is teaching

C、 has taught

D、 is taught

4、 Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, ________as

A、 is regarded

B、 has regarded

C、 is regarding

D、 regards

5、 Usually puters _________to search the Inter、

A、 use

B、 are using

C、 are used

D、 used

6、Do you often clean your classroom?

--Yes、 Our classroom __________every day、

A、 clean

B、 cleans

C、 is cleaned

7、一Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible?

一Yes、In fact，it ____、That”s all because of the people and the factories around、

A、 polluted B was polluted C has polluted

D、was po11ute

8、Our environment is getting worse than before、

--You”re right、 But thanks to Earth Day_______, people have done more and more useful things to protectthe earth since Earth Day、

A、 is started

B、 was started

C、 has started

9、-I feel very happy that I ____to be the host、-Congratulations!

A、 choose

B、 am chosen

C、 was chosen

D、 haven chosen

10、 Many trees and flowers ______ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden、

A、plant

B、planted

C、have planted

D、were planted

famous paintings __________in the hall next week、

A、 will show

B、 were shown

C、 is shown

D、 will be shown

12、 A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week 、

A、 given

B、 will be given

C、 has been given

D、 gives

13、---Great changes have taken place in this city、

---Right、 Many modern tall buildings have been

______ these days、

A、 turned up

B、 put up

C、 shown up

D、 fixed up

should not to drive in China、

A、 allow

B、 be allow

C、 allowed

D、 be allowed

15、 Yes, our classroom ______ every day、

A、 clean

B、 cleans

C、 is cleaned

D、 Cleaned

三、课后练习

1、Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful、

—Yes, they ______ in Hangzhou、

A、 painted

B、 were painting

C、 were painted

D、 had painted

9、---Don’t litter the ground, boy ,Look at the sign:: ―Rubbish into the dustbin、‖

---Sorry、

A, has throw B, was throw C, must throw D , must be thrown

10、The29th 0lympic Games __in Beijing in xx、

A、will hold

A、 sing B will be held

C、 singing

C、hold

D、 sings1

1、The girl was often heard happily in her room、

B、 to sing

12、 It is reported that more new teaching buildings _________ in our school in the next term、

A、 will be built

B、 was built

C、 has built

D、 will build

13、 It is reported that more new teaching buildings _________ in our school in the next term、

A、 will be built

B、 was built

C、 has built

D、 will build

14、 The sick boy _________ to hospital by the police yesterday、

A、 is taken

B、 was taken

C、 takes

D、 took

15、It’s difficult for the village children to cross the river for school、

--I think a pidge _________ over the river、

A、 was built

B、 is being built

C、 has been built

D、 should be built

16、David, turn off the TV________ no one is watching it、

--But it ________ off already! The music is from the radio、

A、 so that, has been turned

B、 when, has turned

C、 if, has been turned

D、 because, has turned

17、Usually John to school in his father’s

beautiful car、

A、 has taken

B、 is taking

C、 is taken

D、 has been taken

18、Don’t put off today’s work for tomorrow、 I mean, today’s work _________ today、

A、 may do

B、 must do

C、 may be done

D、 must be done

19、--Look, what an old palace! It looks so great!

--Yeah, it ________ nearly800 years ago、

A、 was building

B、 was built

C、 has built

D、 is built

20、Don’t discuss the problems with your partner unless you _________ to do so、

A、 ask

B、 are asked

C、 will ask

D、 will be asked

典型例题

一般现在时

1A 。

[解析]考查被动语态，根据句意，“奥运会每四年举行一次”可见须用一般现在时的被动语态，故排除了

B、

C、D。

2[答案]B。

[解析]本题考查被动语态，句中a lot of enjoyment是动作的承受者。“在这次艺术展中，一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。”

3[答案]D。

[解析]考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。

4[答案]A。

[解析] 选用一般现在时态的被动语态，表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。

5[答案]C 。

[解析]从句子看，电脑作主语，是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态，故选C。

6、

[答案]C。

[解析]考查被动语态物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。

一般过去时

1[答案]B。考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。

2[答案]B。

[解析]从句意：“……自从‘地球日’开始以来，人们已做了一些越来越有用的事保护环境。”可知，“地球日”的开始，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was started故选B。

3、 We ________into five groups to go to the old people”s home、 We did many things to cheer them up、[太原市]

A、 divided

B、 are divided

C、 were divided

3[答案]C。

[解析]本题主要考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语态的形式。由后一句

一般将来过去

1[答案]D。

[解析] 本题综合考查时态和语态。主语为“一些名画”，在此为动作“展出”的承受者，故应用被动语态，时间状语为next week，是表示将来的时间状语，所以句子时态是一般将来时，所以D项正确。

2B

答案B

答案：D。情态动词用于被动结构为：情态动词+be+过去分

词。

答案为C。句中有every day，主语为our classroom，故要

用一般现在时的被动语态。

【参考答案】

1、答案D 解析：依据句意：对不起，但我不知道什么时候见面。强调动作发生在过去，I 和tell之间是被动关系。

2、答案B 解析：由题干时间next year 科知识将来时态，

句子主语是old houses ,应用被动语态。故选B。

3、答案A 解析：由Let’s go to the Lost & Found、可

知，说明表丢失了。故选

4、答案B 解析：由Did you go to Sam’s weekend party?

可知陈述过去的动作的发生，I 和invite之间存在着被动关系。

故选B。

5、答案C 解析：How often+一般疑问句？此句型用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作的次数，表示―多长时间一次‖。

往往针对频度副词如：always, seldom, usually, once a month, sometimes, every five minutes、等提问，常用于现在时或过去时。由题干your school sports meeting 作主语，谓语应用被动语态。故选C。

6、答案D 解析：由On May30th, ,可知动作发生在过去；其主语是one bowl与sell存在被动关系。

7、答案A 解析：依据题意：

―千手观音‖ 被许多人认为是中央电视台春节联欢晚会最好的节目。表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在的影响或产生的结果，应用现在完成时。其主语是The

8、答案C 解析：they指代Those eggs of different colors，主语是物，故用被动语态。依据结构，应选

C、。

9、答案D 解析：依据句意：垃圾必须扔进垃圾箱里。表示―命令‖，句子主语是垃圾，应用被动语态。

10、答案B解析：考查一般将来时的被动语态。由in xx可知是将来时，运动会应该是―被举行‖，所以使用一般将来时的被动语态：will +be+过去分词。

11选B。考查使役动词的被动语态。在主动语态中heard后用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，而在被动语态中动词不定式符号to需补上。由关键信息was often heard可直接断定正确答案为B。

12选A。考查一般将来时的被动语态。由关键信息in the next term可知要用一般将来时，先排除

B、C二项；6

另结合题意―据报道我们学校在下个学期有更多的教学楼被

建造‖可知要用被动语态，故舍D选A。

13选A

14选B。由时间状语yesterday可知本题要用一般过去时，

先排除

A、C二项；另根据题意―那个生病的男孩被警察送到了医院‖可知要用被动语态，故舍D选B。

15选D

16选C。考查现在完成时的被动语态。结合题意―如果没有

人看电视就关掉它‖可知第一个空是条件状语从句；另由关键信息―The music i s from the radio、‖可知―已经关掉了‖，要用现在完成时的被动语态，故正确答案为C。

17选C

18选D。考查含情态动词的被动语态。由题意―今天的工作

必须在今天被做完‖可知本题要用被动语态，先排除

A、B二项；结合题意可舍C选D。

19选B。考查一般过去时的被动语态。由时间状语nearly800 years ago可知要用一般过去时，先排除

C、D二项；另结合题意―它在近800年前被建造的‖可舍A

选B。

20选B

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初中被动语态语法讲解 (一) 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态，列表如下： 一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done 一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done 现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done 将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时： (1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio. (2) We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted. 6. 过去进行时： (1)The workers were mending the road. The road was being mended.

初中英语被动语态精讲

动词语态 英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。 如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。如： They speak English.他们讲英语。 主语“他们”是“讲”这一行为的执行者，是主动句，动词用主动语态来表示； English is spoken by them.英语由他们讲。 主语“英语”是“讲”的承受者，是被动句，动词用被动语态的形式。 He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态） 一、被动语态的构成 1、助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词构成动词的被动语态的形式。助动词be有人称、数和 时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 二、主动语态变被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： （1）将主动句的宾语变为主语： 注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom. 主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动作的执行者无须说明或不必要强调时，by短语可以省略。主动语态、被动语态两种时态要保持一致。 （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。 They held a meeting yesterday. →A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。 （3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。 注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. →A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： 含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 三、各种时态的被动语态 1、一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词 We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语。 2、一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了我一件礼物。 3、一般将来时：will be+过去分词 The desk will be mended by him.这张桌子将由他修理。 4、现在进行时：am/is/are +being + 过去分词 The walls are being painted now.正在粉刷墙壁。 5、过去进行时：was/were +being + 过去分词

初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)

被动语态专题 ◆定义 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。 主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 ◆被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 ◆被动语态的时态： “主动语态变被动语态，时态不变动”，即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。请看下表： ◆主动语态变被动语态的方法 第一步：先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其中的谓语动词。 第二步：把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，变宾格为主格。 第三步：把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”，时态不变。 第四步：把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时，“by+宾语”在句中常省略。)，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。

请对比下面的主动句和被动句： 主动语态：They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China. 被动语态：Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by them in the southeast of China. 随堂演练（把下列句型改为被动句） 1.Bruce writes a letter every week. → 2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. → 3.We grow trees every spring. → 4.My mother cleans our room every morning. → 补充： ①S + V +IO +DO双宾语的结构变为被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。若将直接宾语变为主语，需根据习惯在原间宾语前加上介词to或for 。 用to的常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, bring ……. 用for的常见词有：design, choose, sing, buy, get, cook …… to him by Mary. for her by her father. 随堂演练： （1）He gave me a book. →____________________________________(间接宾语作主语) →____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语) （2）My father bought me a new bike. →____________________________________(间接宾语作主语) →____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)

初中英语语法知识—被动语态的全集汇编及答案

一、选择题 1．Both Lily and Lucy ______________to the party yesterday, but they didn't come at all. A．agreed B．sent C．were called D．were invented 2．His plays by millions of people. A．read B．will read C．are read D．is read 3．It's said that petrol(石油) _____________ in less than 100 years. So we should try to walk more instead of driving cars. A．used for B．will be used up C．used up D．will be used for 4．Han Han’s books are popular. They ___________ by many teenagers now . A．is read B．was read C．are read D．were read 5．Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ________ in a short time. A．can learn B．need learn C．can be learned D．need be learned 6．—Where did you go last night? —I to go to Li Lei’s birthday party. A．asked B．am asked C．have been asked D．was asked 7．This book_______by a lot of young people today. A．reads B．are reading C．is read 8．—The park is the oldest one in our city. —Yes. it _______ when I was sixteen years old. A．is built B．was built C．build D．built 9．-Hey, Molly, You______ o n the phone just now. But you weren’t here and the man left a phone number. -Oh? I was in the library. A．wanted B．are wanted C．were wanted D．have wanted 10．May to the party. She enjoyed herself with us. A．invites B．is invited C．was invited D．has invited 11．We hope that more trees________in our city next year. A．plant B．were planted C．planted D．will be planted 12．— What tools ________ to make paper cutting? — Scissors and paper. A．are used B．used C．will use 13．--- Mom, where is my model plane? --- Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday. A．is lent B．lends C．was lent D．lent 14．The flowers ________ every day, or they will die. A．must water B．can be watered C．should water D．must be watered

初中英语被动语态练习题

被动语态 1. The PRC (found) in 1949. 2. Edison’s mother (save) after the operation. 3. I (tell) the good news yesterday. I was pleased to hear that. 4. Dr. Bethune went on with the operation though he (ask) to leave. 5. Very little (know) about the universe thousands of years ago. 6. —Where is Peter? —He (tell) to meet some foreign friends just now. 7. He (live) in this house since it (build). 8. Trees must (put) in the hole so that it is straight. 9. Old people must (speak) to politely. 10. Let’s (go) home if your homework (do). 11. Miss Zhao usually (ask) us some questions in class but yesterday she (ask) a lot of questions by us. 12. Tom (catch) a bad cold. He (must take) good care of. 13. —Look! I (buy) a new dictionary. —When it (buy)? —The day before yesterday. 14. I can’t mend the machine. Uncle Wang should (send) for at once. 15. He showed me the kite as soon as it (make). 16. —this kind of flower (water) every day? —Certainly. It (need) much more water than the others. 17. —Which does Li Lei prefer, the long jump or the high jump? —Of course, the high jump. He (know) to be good at it. 18. Sometimes Tom (take) to school by bike, but now he (walk) to school by himself every morning. 19. No more bread (need) because my mother (buy) so much of it. 20. Stamps can (use) to send and receive letters. 21. My bike (not work) now. It must (mend). I (use) it tomorrow. 22. Your shoes (wear) out. But they can (mend) here. 被动语态专项练习 将下列句子变成被动语态(A) 1.They produce silk in Suzhou. _____________________________. 2. We take good care of our textbooks. ____________________________. 3. Many young people don’t speak Russian. ______________________________. 4. Do you often make lanterns for the traditional Lantern Festival in China?______________. 5. His mother gave him a present for his birthday.________________________________. 6. They didn’t choose me this term. _____________________________________. 7. I often hear him sing in his room. __________________________________. 8. The story made us laugh. ____________________________________. 9. We are going to build a school in the small village. ____________________________. 10. When will you held the match? _______________________________. 11. We should plant many trees on the mountains. ________________________________. 12. His mother told him not to waste time on fishing. _________________________________. 13. Father gave me a toy at Christmas. ______________________________________.

初中被动语态详细讲解.

语法专练---被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。 五、含有情态动词的被动语态

九年级英语英语被动语态讲解及练习

英语被动语态讲解及练习 一、什么是被动语态？ 英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。”，“这座楼房是由他们建造的。” 二、被动语态的结构 那么，英语中被动语态是怎么样构成的呢？请看下面的例句（注意划线部分）： His bicycle was stolen. The building has been built in 2000. 通过上面的例句，可以看出，“被动语态”的构成是： be + 过去分词+ (by+动作执行者) 三、被动语态的运用 什么情况下要用被动语态呢？一般地说，有下面几种情况： （1）不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。例如： Paper is made from wood. （纸是由木材生产出来的。） The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. （这座房子太旧了。它是1950年建成的。） He was wounded in the fight. （他在战斗在受伤了。） Electricity is used to run machines. （电是用来开动机器的。） （2）需要强调动作的对象时。例如： Calculator can't be used in the maths exam.

（计算器不能用于数学考试。） Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn’t be taken away. （阅览室的书籍和报纸不准带走。） He was awarded first prize in that contest. （他在比赛中获得了第一。） （3）为了使语气婉转，避免提到是谁做的这件事。例如： The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. （新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。） 四、各种时态的被动语态举例 一般地讲，被动语态可用于英语的各种时态。为了能准确地运用被动语态，重点是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化。各种时态的被动语态举例如下： 1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned every day. This car is made in China. 2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词 His desk was cleaned just now. The station was built in 1928. 3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词 A new factory is being built in our city now. Some trees are being cut down in the park. 4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词

初中被动语态详细讲解上课讲义

初中被动语态详细讲 解

语法专练---被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被 字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形 式的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例 如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的 构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电 脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保 证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语 就够了） 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的 形式)。

初中英语被动语态的教案

被动语态 授课人：授课时间： 一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 判断：你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ We call the doctor. People don’t play football here. The truck was cleaned yesterday. Mr Chen teaches us English. The classroom was cleaned. 二、被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词+by sb（be+done) 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should... +be done

歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、主动变被动的方法 口诀：主变宾，宾变主，By 句尾跟 Be 字变，Vpp跟后面 一、选择题（2×15=30分） 一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.