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高考英语语法:主动表被动的常见情形主动主动

高考英语语法:主动表被动的常见情形主动主动
高考英语语法:主动表被动的常见情形主动主动

高考英语语法:主动表被动的常见情形主动主动

高考英语语法主动

高考英语语法:主动表被动的常见情形

(1)某些连系动词(如look,sound,smell,feel,taste,prove等)要用主动表被动,因为连系动词为不及物动词,它们没有被动语态形式:

Thatdoglooksdangerous.那只狗看起来很危险。

Yourideasoundsagoodone.你的想法听起来很好。

Myadviceprovedtobewrong.我的意见证实是错的。

(2)当open,shut,lock,move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义:

Thedoorwon’tshut.这门关不上。

Thesupermarketdoorsshutautomatically.超级市场的门是自动关的。

注:该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t,won’t等连用,注意它与用被动语态含义不同:Thewindowwon’tshut.这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了)

Thewindowwon’tbeshut.这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题,只是不用关)

有时可能用主动和被动形式均可,只是强调重点稍有不同:

Suddenlythedooropened.突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者)

Thedoorwassuddenlyopened.门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者)

(3)当read,wash,clean,cook,cut,wear,carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义:

Theclothwasheswell.这种布料好洗。

Thebooksellsquickly.这书销售得快。

Thischeesedoesn’tcuteasily.It’stoosoft.这乳酪不容易切,太软了。

Thisshirtwillwearverylong.这衬衫可以穿很久。

注:该用法通常与well,easily,slowly,quickly等副词连用,并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态,只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性,用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作):

Thesentencesreadclearly.这些句子读起来很清楚。(即这句子没有歧义)

Thesentencesarereadclearly.这些句子被读得很清楚。(指读的人读得好)

另外,以上用法有时也可能用于进行时态:

Thevegetablesarecooking.蔬菜正在煮着。

Isthebooksellingwell?这书销售情况如何?

(4)某些表示开始和结束的动词(begin,start,finish,end等),当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者时,可用主动语态表示被动意义:

Whendoestheconcertbegin?音乐会什么时候开始?

Theplayendedatteno’clock.戏10点钟结束。

(5)有的动词本身含有被动意味,通常用主动形式来表示被动含义:

Whereisthenewfilmshowing?这部电影在哪里放映?

Myskirtcaughtonanail.我的裙子被钉子钩住了。

Soonthehousefilledwithpeople.很快房子就挤满了人。

本文来自[无忧文档]https://www.sodocs.net/doc/da11982159.html,收集与整理,感谢原作者。/center>

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