搜档网
当前位置:搜档网 › (完整)牛津版八年级上册英语语法知识

(完整)牛津版八年级上册英语语法知识

(完整)牛津版八年级上册英语语法知识
(完整)牛津版八年级上册英语语法知识

八年级上英语语法点

1) leave的用法

1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如:When did you leave Shanghai?你什么时候离开上海的?

2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如:

Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。

3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如:

Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你为什么要离开上海去北京?

2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用

should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如:How should I know? 我怎么知道?

Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚?

should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如:We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。

我们在使用时要注意以下几点:

1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如:

You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。

2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如:

You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。

3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如:

We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。

She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。

3) What...? 与Which...?

1. what 与which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如:

What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?

该句相当于:

What does your father do?

What is your father's job?

Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如:---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?

---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。

2. What...?是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而Which...?是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如:

What color do you like best? (所有颜色)你最喜爱什么颜色?

Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范围)你最喜爱哪一种颜色?

3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:Which pictures are from China?哪些图片来自中国?

4) 频度副词的位置

1.常见的频度副词有以下这些:always(总是,一直)usually(通常)often(常常,经常)sometimes(有时候)never(从不)

2.频度副词的位置:

a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如:David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。

b.放在行为动词前。如:We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在7:10去上学。

c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:Sometimes I walk home, sometime

I rides a bike.有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。

3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:Never have I been there.

5) every day 与everyday

1. every day作状语,译为“每一天”。如:

We go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天7:10去上学。

I decide to read English every day.我决定每天读英语。

2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。

She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

What's your everyday activity?你的日常活动是什么?

6) 什么是助动词

1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。

助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,例如:He doesn't like English.他不喜欢英语。

(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)

2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:

a. 表示时态,例如:He is singing.他在唱歌。

He has got married.他已结婚。

b. 表示语态,例如:He was sent to England.他被派往英国。

c. 构成疑问句,例如:Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗?

Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?

d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:I don't like him.我不喜欢他。

e. 加强语气,例如:Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

He did know that.他的确知道那件事。

3.最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would

7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do

1.forget to do忘记要去做某事。(未做)

forget doing忘记做过某事。(已做)

The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)

He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作) Don't forget to come tomorrow.别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做)

典型例题

---- The light in the office is still on.

---- Oh,I forgot___.

A. turning it off

B. turn it off

C. to turn it off

D. having turned it off

答案:C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。

2.remember to do 记得去做某事(未做)

remember doing记得做过某事(已做)

Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

8) It's for sb.和It's of sb.

1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:

It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。

3.for 与of 的辨别方法:

用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。如:

You are nice.(通顺,所以应用of)。

He is hard.(人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。)

9) 对两个句子的提问

新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势,现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如:

句子:The boy in blue has three pens.

提问:1.Who has three pens?

2.Which boy has three pens?

3.What does the boy in blue have?

4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?很显然,学生多了更多的回答角度,也体现了考试的灵活性。再如:

句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.

提问:1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?

5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?

6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends?

10) so、such与不定冠词的使用

1.so与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如:He is so funny a boy.

Jim has so big a house.

2.such与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如:It is such a nice day.

That was such an interesting story.

11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况

1.在进行时态中。如:He is watching TV in the room.

They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.

2.在there be结构中。如:There is a boy swimming in the river.

3.在have fun/problems结构中。如:We have fun learning English this term.

They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.

4.在介词后面。如:Thanks for helping me.

Are you good at playing basketball.

5.在以下结构中:

enjoy doing sth乐于做某事

finish doing sth完成做某事

feel like doing sth 想要做某事

stop doing sth 停止做某事

forget doing sth 忘记做过某事

go on doing sth 继续做某事

remember doing sth 记得做过某事

like doing sth 喜欢做某事

keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事

find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事

see/hear/watch sb doing sth 看到/听到/观看某人做某事

try doing sth 试图做某事

need doing sth 需要做某事

prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事

mind doing sth 介意做某事

practice doing sth 练习做某事

be busy doing sth 忙于做某事

can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事

miss doing sth 错过做某事12) 英语中的“单数”

人称单数形式,即可用“he,she,it”代替的。如:

he, she, it

my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle

2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如:man(单数)---men(复数)banana(单数)---bananas(复数)

3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。如:

go---goes---going---went---gone

work---works---working---worked---worked

watch---watches---watching---watched---watched

当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如:

The boy wants to be a sales assistant.

Our English teacher is from the US.

Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.

12) 英语中的“单数”

1.主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“he,she,it”代替的。如:

he, she, it

my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle

2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如:man(单数)---men(复数)banana(单数)---bananas(复数)

3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。如:

go---goes---going---went---gone

work---works---working---worked---worked

watch---watches---watching---watched---watched

当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如:

The boy wants to be a sales assistant.

Our English teacher is from the US.

Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.

13) 名词的复数构成的几种形式

名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。

I 名词复数的规则变化

1.一般在名词词尾加-s。如:pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers

desk---desks tree---trees

2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词,词尾加-es。如:class---classes dish---dishes

watch---watches box---boxes

3.以字母-o结尾的某些名词,词尾加-es。如:potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes

Negro---Negroes hero---heroes

4.以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,将-y变为-i,再加-es。如:family---families dictionary---dictionaries

city---cities country---countries

5.以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词,将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es。如:

half---halves leaf---leaves

thief---thieves knife---knives

self---selves wife---wives

life---lives wolf---wolves

shelf---shelves loaf---loaves

但是:scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs

serf---serfs gulf---gulfs

chief---chiefs proof---proofs

belief---beliefs

II 名词复数的不规则变化

1.将-oo改为--ee。如:foot---feet tooth---teeth

2.将-man改为-men。如:

man---men woman---women

policeman---policemen postman---postmen

3.添加词尾。如:child---children

4.单复数同形。如:

sheep---sheep deer---deer

fish---fish people---people

5.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化。即“中日瑞不变英法变,其它国把-s加后面”。如:

Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese

Swiss---Swiss

Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen

American---Americans Australian---Australians

Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans

Russian---Russians Indian---Indians

6.其它。如:

mouse---mice

apple tree---apple trees

man teacher---men teachers

一个字母的-ing分词

初中阶段常见的有以下这些:1.let→letting让

hit→hitting打、撞

cut→cutting切、割

get→getting取、得到

sit→sitting坐

fo rget→forgetting忘记

put→putting放

set→setting设置

babysit→babysitting 临时受雇照顾婴儿

2.shop→shopping购物

trip→tripping绊

stop→stopping停止

drop→dropping放弃

3.travel→travel(l)ing旅游

swim→swimming游泳

run→running跑

dig→digging挖、掘

begin→beginning开始

prefer→preferring 宁愿

plan→planning 计划

15) 肯定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词

1.some变为any。如:There are some birds in the tree→There aren't any birds in the tree.

但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变。如:Would you like some orange juice?

与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。

2.and变为or。如:I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler.

3.a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如:They have a lot of friends.(可数名词)→They don't have many friends.

There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可数名词)→There isn't much orange in the bottle.

4.already变为yet。如:

I have been there already.→I haven't been there yet.

16) in与after

in 与after 都可以表示时间,但二者有所区别。

1.in 经常用于将来时的句子中,以现在为起点,表示将来一段时间。如:

He will leave for Beijing in a week.一周后他会动身去北京。

2.after 经常用于过去时的句子中,以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间。如:

He left for Beijing after a week.一周后他动身去了北京。

不过,如果after后跟的是具体的时刻,它也可用于将来时。如:

We will finish the work after ten o'clock.十点后我们会完成工作的。

3.注意区分以下的in的用法。

I'll visit him in a week.一周后我会去拜访他。

I'll visit him twice in a week.一周内我会去拜访他两次。

17) 不定冠词a与an的使用

1.a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。如:

There is a "b" in the word "book".

单词book中有个字母b。

类似的字母还有:c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。

She has a small knife.她有一把小刀。

2.an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前。如:

There is an "i" in the word "onion".

单词onion中有个字母i。

类似的字母还有:a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。

Do you have an umbrella?你有一把雨伞吗?

3.以元音字母开头的单词前面不一定都用an;以辅音字母开头的单词前面也不一定都用a。如:

a useful book

a universe

a one-letter word

an hour

an uncle

an umbrell

an honest person

如何表达英语中的“穿、戴”?英语中表示“穿、戴”的表达方法有好几种,常见的有以下这些:

1、put on 主要表达“穿”的动作。如:He put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套。

You'd better put on your shoes.你最好穿上你的鞋子。

2、wear 主要表示“穿、戴”的状态。如:The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴着一副眼镜。

The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿着一条红色的短裙。

3、dress 可作及物动词,有“给......穿衣”的意思,后接“人”,而不是“衣服”。如:

Please dress the children right now.请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。

dress 也可作不及物动词,表示衣着的习惯。如:The woman always dresses in green.那位妇女总是穿绿色的衣服。

4、be in 表示穿着的状态。如:John is in white today.约翰今天穿白色的衣服。

The man in black is a football coach.

19) a little, a few 与 a bit (of)

a little, a few 与 a bit (of) 都有“一些、少量”的意义。他们的区别在哪里呢?

1. a little意为“一些、少量”,后接不可数名词。如:There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水。

还可以接形容词。如:He is a little shy. 他有些害羞。

2. a few 意为“一些、少数”,后接复数的可数名词。如:There are a few people in the room. 房间里有一些人。

3. a bit 意为“一点儿”,后接形容词。如:It's a bit cold. 有点冷。

a bit of 后接不可数名词。如:He has a bit of money. 他有一点儿钱。

4. a little 表肯定意义,little 表否定意义;a few 表肯定意义,few 表否定意义。如:

There is a little soda in the glass. 杯子里有一点儿汽水。

There is little soda in the glass. 杯子里几乎没有汽水了。

I have a few Chinese friends. 我有一些中国朋友。

Few people like him. 几乎没有人喜欢他。

5. a little = a bit of, 后接不可数名词;

a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of, 后接形容词,意为“有点儿”。

20) 关于like的用法like 可以作动词,也可以作介词。

1、like 作动词,表示一般性的“爱好、喜欢”,有泛指的含义。如:Do you like the color?你喜爱这种颜色吗?

like 后可接不定式(like to do sth),也可接动词的-ing分词(like doing sth),有时意思不尽相同。如:

She likes eating apples.她喜爱吃苹果。(习惯)

She likes to eat an apple.她喜爱吃一粒苹果。(平常不喜欢吃)

like 与would 连用,后接不定式,表示愿望或客气的请求。如:Would you like a cup of tea?您愿意喝杯茶吗?

“喜欢某人做某事”可以用结构“like sb to do sth/doing sth”。如:They all like me to sing/singing English songs.他们都喜欢我唱英文歌。

2、like 作介词,可译成“像......”。如:

She is friendly to us like a mother.她对我们友好,就像母亲一样。

It looks like an orange.它看起来像个桔子。

3、区分以下句子:

A. What does he look like?

B. What is he like?

A句译为“他长相如何?”指一个人的外貌特征;而B句译为“他人怎么样?”指人的性格特点。

C. The boy like Peter is over there.

D. A boy like Peter can't do it.

A句指外貌相似,而D句指性格相似。

21) stop to do sth 与stop doing sth

1. stop to do sth 意为“停下来去做某事”。如:The students stop to listen to their teacher. 学生们停下来去听他们老师讲话。

2. stop doing sth 意为“停止做某事”。如:The students stopped talking. 学生们停止了谈话。

与它们相反的句式是:go on to do s th “继续做某事(与刚才一事不同)”和go on doing sth “继续做某事(与刚才同一件事)”。如:

He finishes his homework and goes on to study English他完成了作业,接着继续去念英语。

They went on playing games. 他们继续玩游戏。

22) tell, speak, say 与talk

1. tell 意为“告诉、讲述”,指某人把某一件事、一条信息传送给别人或讲述一件事。如:

He tells me that he wants to be a teacher. 他告诉我说他想成为一位教师。

Father always tells interesting stories to us. 爸爸总是给我们讲有趣的故事。

tell sb sth 意为“告知某人某事”。如:He told me something about his past. 他告诉我一些他的往事。

tell sb to do sth 意为“告诉某人去做某事”。如:David told his son to do the homework. 大卫要他的儿子去做作业。

2. speak 意为“说话、讲话”,后面主要接语言。如:He can speak English and a little Chinese. 他能讲英语和一点汉语。speak to 意为“和.....讲话、谈话”。如:Can I speak to Mr Zhang? 我能和张先生讲话吗?

speak of 意为“提到、说起”。如:

The book speaks of my hometown. 那本书提到我的家乡。

3. talk 意为“谈话、讲话”,如果只有一方对另一方说话时,一般用talk to;如果双方或多方交谈,多用with。如:

Please talk to him right now. 请立即同他谈话。

He is talking with his friend. 他在和朋友交谈。

talk about 意为“谈论......”。如:They are talking about the movie. 他们在谈论那部电影。

have a talk with 意为“与......交谈”。如:Can I have a talk with you? 我可以和你交谈吗?

4. say 意为“说”。如:Can you say it in English once more? 你能用英语再说一遍吗?

say to 意为“对......说”。如:He said to his students that they would have a test. 他对他的学生说他们将有一个测试。

It is said that... 意为“据说”。如:

It is said that he could stay under the water for a long time. 据说他能呆在水里很长时间。

23) Excuse me! 与I'm sorry!

1. Excuse me! 意为“打搅了!对不起!”,一般是为了与陌生人搭话,或者要打断对方所说(做)的事。如:

Excuse me, is there a hotel in the neighborhood? 请问,附近有旅馆吗?

Excuse me, could I say something? 打搅一下,我能说一些吗?

2. I'm sorry! 意为“对不起!”,表示道歉。如:

I'm sorry, Mr Zhang. I won't do it again. 对不起,张先生。我不会这么做了。

24) 表示时间的in、on 与at

in, on 与at 都可以和表示时间的词(组)连用。

1. in 表示时间的一段或较长的时间。如:

in the morning 在上午

in May, 2004 在2004年五月

in a week 在一周之内(后)

It's Sunday, I can finish it in two days. 现在是星期天,我能在两天后完成。(星期二)Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是在一天内建起来的。

2. on 主要指在具体的一天。如:

on Sunday 在星期天

on May Day 在“五一”节

on a hot afternoon 在一个炎热的下午

He arrived in Beijing on April 26,2004. 他于2004年4月26日到达北京。

3. at 表示时间的一点或比较短的时间。如:at 8:00 在八点noon 在中午

I always get up at 6:00 every morning. 我总是每天早晨六点起床。

It's always warm at this time of year. 每年的这个时候总是暖和的。

25) Other及其用法

Other 及其相近的词(组),如others, the other, the others, another, any other 等,一直是中学生朋友们比较困扰的问题,平常的考试、作业中经常出错。下面是它们的一些用法:

1、other 指其余的人或物,所有格是other's,复数形式是others,the other 指“两个人或物中的另一个”,其复数形式是the others,others 相当于“other + 名词”,所以不能充当

定语,修饰名词。others指整体中去掉一部分后剩余的部分,但不是全部的,即some...others (一些...其余的人...)。the others 强调整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部,即some...the others.

2、another 泛指三个以上的不定数目中的“另外一个”。由an 和other 合并构成,所以不能和冠词连用。another 修饰单数名词,比如:another pencil.

3、any other 指除去本身以外的“任何其他的人或物”,后面要用名词的单数形式。

26) look 短语

常见的look短语有以下这些:

1.look at 朝......看Please look at the map of China. 请看中国地图。(look at=have

a look at)

2.look for 寻找The old man is looking for his dog. 老人在寻找他的狗。

3.look like 看起来像Nancy looks like her mother 南希看起来像她母亲。

4.look the same 看上去一样Li Ping and Li Jing look the same. 李萍和李晶看上去一样。

5.look up 查找Please look up the word in the dictionary. 请在词典中查找这个单词。

6.look over 仔细检查The doctor looked over Mary carefully. 医生仔细检查了玛丽。

7.look after 照顾,照看You must look after your old father. 你必须照顾你的老父亲。

8.look around 到处寻找、查看We looked around, but we found nothing strange. 我们四处查看,但是我们没有发现奇怪的东西。

27) too,also与either

1.too用于肯定句和疑问句,一般放在句尾,其前常加逗号。如:

We are in the same school, too. 我们也在相同的学校。

Do you play soccer every day, too? 你也每天踢足球吗?

2.also用于肯定句和疑问句,一般位于实义动词前、be动词后。如:

Sandra is also a Korean student. Sandra 也是一个韩国学生。

3.either用于否定句,一般放在句末。如:

They don't know the answer, either. 她们也不知道答案。

4.as well as也有“也”的意思。如:

We have great mushroom pizza as well as soda.

He is a happy boy as well.

28) hard与hardly

1.hard既可作形容词,也可作副词。如:

It's a hard(adj.) question. (=difficult) 这是一个难的问题。

The boy studies very hard(adv.). 那男孩学习非常努力。

句子结构:It's hard for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是难的。如:

It's hard for him to finish the work. 完成那项工作对他来说很难。

注意区分:hard work 困难的工作work hard 努力工作

2.hardly是频度副词,表示否定的意思。(=almost not)通常用在形容词、副词和动词之前。如:

I can hardly see it. 我几乎看不到它。

29) sometime,sometimes,some time与some times

1.sometime是时间副词,指不确定的将来或过去某一点时间(某时候或任何时候),不指一段时间。如:

We'll go to Beijing sometime next month. 我们下个月某一时候会去北京。

2.sometimes是频度副词,指“有时”、“不时”的意思(=at times)。如:

Sometimes I get up very late on Sunday morning. 有时候我在星期天早晨起得很晚。

3.some time是名词词组,指一段时间(一些时间或若干时间)。如:

It took him some time to finish the book. 她花了一些时间去完成作业。

4.some times指“几次”。如:

He met the woman some times last month. 上个月他见过那妇女几次。

30) exercise的一些用法

1.作不及物动词,译为“运动,锻炼”。如:

David exercises every morning. 大卫每天早晨进行锻炼。

2.作及物动词,译为“训练”。如:

Swimming exercises the whole body. 游泳能使身体得到全面的锻炼。

3.作名词,译为“体育锻炼、运动、体操、练习题”等。如:

It's good to do eye exercises every day. 每天做眼保键操对眼睛有好处。

Please do more exercise from now on. 从今以后请多做运动吧。

I have lots of homework to do tonight. 今晚我有很多的作业要做。

4.注意:exercise指具体运动或体操时是可数名词,复数形式为exercises;泛指运动时是不可数名词。

31) maybe与may be

1.maybe是副词,译为“也许、可能”,相当于“perhaps”。如:

Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。

He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。

2.may be中的may为情态动词,译为“可能是......”。如:

He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。

She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师。

32) same与different

1.same指“相同的”,前面通常要有一个定冠词the,但是如果same前面已经有this,those 等词,就不能再与the连用了。如:

We are in the same class. 我们在同一个班级。

结构:the same as与......一样如:

His mark is the same as mine. 他的分数和我的分数一样。

2.different译为“不同的”,其后的可数名词应为复数形式。如:

We are in different classes. 我们在不同的班级。

结构:be different from与......不同如:

This sweater is different from that one. 这件毛衣与那一件不同。

different的名词形式为difference, 复数形式为differences。

33) 动词want的用法

1.want sth. 想要某物They want some help. 他们需要一些帮助。

2.want sb. to do sth. 想要某人去做某事My father wants me to help him on the farm. 我父亲要我在农场上帮他。

3.want to do sth. 想要做某事I want to study English in England.我想要在英国学习英语。

4.want doing 需要... Your sweater wants washing. 你的运动衣该洗了。

34) be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法

1.be good for 对......有益Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的建康有益。

2.be good at 擅长于......Li Ping is good at basketball. 李平擅长于篮球。= Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅长于打篮球。

be good at = do well in 如:I'm good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅长于数学。

3.be good to 对......好Parents are always good to their children. 父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。

35) how many与how much

1.how many表示“多少”,对数量提问,后面接可数名词的复数形式。如:

There are four people in my family. ---How many people are in your family? 你家里有几个人?

We have seven classes every day.---How many classes do you have every day?你们每天上几节课?

2.how much也是表示“多少”,但它对不可数名词进行提问。如:

There is some milk in the bottle. ---How much milk is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少牛奶?

3.how much还可以对价格提问,表示“多少钱”的意思。如:

The yellow T-shirt is only 35 yuan.

---How much is the yellow T-shirt? 那件黄色的T恤衫多少钱?

1.with表“和、同、与”。如:

Can you go to the park with me? 你能和我一起去公园吗?

2.with表“用、以、被”。如:

Don't write with the red pen. 不要用那支红色的钢笔写字。

3.with表“随着”。如:

Climate varies with the time of the year.

气候随着时令的不同而不同。

4.with表“带有、有......的”。如:

The girl with long hair is my classmate.

长头发的女孩是我的同学。

5.with表“因为、由于”。如:

They were angry with hard work.

他们因为艰难的工作而生气。

6.一些with结构:

play with与......一起玩

be angry with对......生气

talk with与......交谈

get on well with与......相处融洽

37) a lot of(lots of)与many,much

1.a lot of意为“许多、大量”。相当于lots of。它既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词。如:

I have a lot of friends in China. 我在中国有很多朋友。

The old man has lots of money. 那位老人有很多的钱。

2.many意为“许多”。它用来修饰可数名词。如:

Do you have many beautiful skirts? 你有很多漂亮的裙子吗?

3.much意为“大量”。它用来修饰不可数名词。如:

There is much water in the lake. 湖里有大量的水。

4.a lot of(=lots of)用在肯定句中,而many,much不受限制。如果将一个含有a lot of (=lots of)的肯定句改为否定句或疑问句,要将它们改为many或much。如:We can see a lot of birds in the tree.---We can't see many birds in the tree. 我们在树上看不到很多鸟儿。

He wants lots of soda. ---Does he want much soda? 他需要许多汽水吗?

38) help用法举例

help既可以作名词,也可以作动词。

1.help作名词,意为“帮助”。如:

He needs some help.

他需要一些帮助。

2.help作动词,也是“帮助”的意思。如:

Can you help me?

你能帮帮我吗?

3.help的结构:

help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事

=help sb with sth帮助某人做某事

如:They want to help the boy carry the heavy box.=They want to help the boy with the heavy box.

他们想要帮助那位男孩搬那个重箱子。

39) well的用法

well可以作副词,也可以作形容词。

1.well作副词,意为“(某事干得)好”。如:

The boy draws very well. 男孩画得很好。

2.well作形容词,意为“健康、安好”。如:I'm not feeling well. 我觉得不舒服。

40) ago与before

ago与before都表示“......以前”,但用法有所区别。

1.ago意为“以前”,表示从此刻算起的若干时间之前,常用于过去时的句子中。如:

He took a photo a week ago. 他一周前照了一张相片。

2.before作为副词时表示:

a.从过去某一时刻算起的若干时间以前,用于过去完成时的句子中。如:

The boy had already seen the comedy before. 那男孩以前已经看过那部喜剧片了。

b.笼统的“以前”,用于一般过去时或现在完成时的句子中,一般单独使用,而ago不可以单独使用。如:

He's read this novel before. 他以前读过这部小说。

41) need的用法

1.need作实义动词,意为“需要”。如:

Do you need to stay at home? 你要呆在家里吗?

2.need作情态动词,一般用于对must的否定回答。如:

--Must he leave now?他必须离开吗?

---No, he needn't.不,他不必。

3.区分:

a.need作实义动词。

He needs to go.

He doesn't need to go.

Does he need to go?

Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.

b.need作情态动词,一般不用于肯定句。

He needn't go.

Need he go?

Yes, he need./No, he needn't.

42) decide的几种句式

1.decide to do sth决定去做某事

They decide to fly kite on weekend. 他们决定在周末去放风筝。

2.decide on doing sth决定做某事

They decide on flying kites. 他们决定放风筝。

3.decide on sth就某事决定......

Betty decided on the red skirt. 贝蒂选定了那条红裙子。

4.decide的名词形式为decision,结构:make a decision,意为“做决定”。

如:He has made a decision. 他已经做一个决定了。

43) too many,too much与much too

1.too many意为“太多”,用于修饰可数名词的复数。如:

There are too many students in our class. 我们班上有太多的学生。

2.too much意为“太多”,用于修饰不可数名词。如:

We have too much work to do. 我们有太多的工作要做。

3.much too表示“太”,用来修饰形容词或副词。如:

The box is much too heavy, so I can't carry it. 箱子太重了,所以我搬不动它。

44) can的用法

1.表示能力。如:

We can carry the heavy box. 我们可以搬得动箱子。

Who can sing an English song? 谁会唱英文歌?

2.表示惊讶、不相信等态度,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。如:

Can it be true? 这会是真的吗?

You can't be serious? 你不会当真吧?

3.表示允许,意思与may相近,主要用于口语中。

如:Can I smoke here? 我可以在这儿吸烟吗?

Can I go with him? 我可以跟他一起去吗?

小学英语语法汇总 牛津译林

育英二外小学英语语法大全 第一章名词 一、定义 名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西,也可以是表示抽象的东西。 二、分类 1.名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词 如:john is a student student是普通名词,john是专有名词 普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an,定冠词the或不加冠词,专有名词前一般不加冠词,专有名词的首字母要大写。 2.普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词,其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词,物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。 3.专有名词 专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词,多为独一无二的事物。 三、名词的数 1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词——可以数的名词 不可数名词——数不清(没有复数) drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge food?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings 2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式,不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用,没有复数形式 many+可数名词复数 much/a little+不可数名词 some,any,a lot of(lots of)两者都可以修饰。 3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰 不可数名词数词+量词+of+名词 对可数名词的数量提问用how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用how much 4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法: 1)some,much,a little,a lot of,a bit of,plenty of用等表示多少。

八年级上册英语语法归纳

八年级上册英语语法归纳 【篇一】 1. what 与which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do? What is your father’s job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如: ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特? ---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。 2. What...?是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而Which...?是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如: What color do you like best? (所有颜色) 你最喜爱什么颜色? Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范围) 你最喜爱哪一种颜色? 3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国? 4) 频度副词的位置 1.常见的频度副词有以下这些: always(总是,一直) usually(通常)

often(常常,经常) sometimes(有时候) never(从不) 2.频度副词的位置: a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如: David is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟到。 b.放在行为动词前。如: We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7:10去上学。 c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。 3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:Never have I been there. 5) every day 与everyday 1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如: We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7:10去上学。 I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。 2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。 She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

初中英语语法练习12 牛津版

初中英语语法练习12 牛津版 I、 Choose the best answer. (共26分) 1. Be careful when you go out. The streets ______ snow now. A. are made of B. are covered with C. are made up of D. are full of 2. ----I’m sorry I’ve broken your vase. -----: ______ A. with pleasure B. d on’t mind C. never mind D. don’t be sorry 3. The English story is quite easy for you. There are only ______ new words in it. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 4. I’ll show you ______ our new housing estate when you finish your project. A. in B. to C. at D. around 5. They have to go over their lessons before nine o’clock, ______ ? A. haven’t they B. do they C. have they D. don’t they 6. A talk on science ______ in our school last Monday. A. gave B. gives C. was given D. is given 7. You will succeed in your work ______ you give up hope. A. unless B. if C. after D. until 8. He ______ from his newspaper as I entered the room. A. looked up B. looked at C. looked for D. looked out 9. Don’t talk to Simon like that. After all, he is only ______ o ne-year-old boy. A. a B. an C. the D. / 10. In my class, some students love music, ______ are fond of drawing. A. another B. the other C. the others D. others 11. My sister doesn’t like her new sweater. It makes her look rather ______ . A. fat B. nice C. fatter D. nicer 12. Unluckily, Mr. Brown drove so ______ that his car crashed into a tree yesterday evening. A. careful B. carefully C. careless D. carelessly 13. These days Sally ______ on a diet. She only eats two meals a day. A. was going B. has gone C. goes D. is going 14. Amy has no idea ______ spend her summer holidays. A. what she should B. when should she C. where she should D. that she should 15. ______ fun it is to have a picnic on such a sunny day! A. what a B. what an C. what D. how 16. ______ Peter finished his homework, he jumped onto his bike and rode to the beach. A. though B. until C. as soon as D. if 17.I’m afraid you have made _____mistakes in the test. Please be careful next time. A. a few B. much C. a little D. few 18.Since you are very tired, you ____finish the work today. A. don’t B. needn’t to C. not need D. needn’t 19. Usually children ____ good care of by their parents when they are at home. A. take B. are taking C. have taken D. are taken 20. This isn’t ____ Chinese textbook. I think it is ____.

八年级上英语语法点(完整版)

八年级上英语语法 【灰常完整的哦】 1) leave 的用法 1. leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如: When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的? 2. leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如:Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3. Ieave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如:Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京? 2)情态动词should “应该”学会使用 should 作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会” 的意思,例如: How should I know? 我怎么知道? Why should you be so late today?尔今天为什么来得这么晚?should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如: We should help each othe我们应当互相帮助。我们在使用时要注意以下几点: 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如: You should be here with clean hands尔应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如: You should go to the doctor if you feel ill ?如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如: We should arrive by supper time.我们在晚饭前就能到了。She should be here any moment 她随时都可能来。 3 1. what与which都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?

牛津小学英语语法点汇总

语法及练习1 be动词 Be 动词的用法: (1) Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,复数全用are。 (2) 肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. (3) 一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. 用恰当的be动词填空。 1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. 2. The girl______ Jack's sister. 3. The dog _______ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home. 7. How _______ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 9. Whose dress ______ this? 10. Whose socks ______ they? 11. That ______ my red skirt. 12. Who ______ I? 13.The jeans ______ on the desk. 14. Here ______ a scarf for you. 15. Here ______ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _____ for me. 19. Some tea ______ in the glass. 20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there. 21. My sister's name ______Nancy. 22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil. 23. ______ David and Helen from England? 24. There ______ a girl in the room. 25. There ______ some apples on the tree. `26. _______ there any kites in the classroom? 27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle? 28. There _______ some bread on the plate. 29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.

新目标八年级上册 英语语法知识点精讲+练习

新目标八年级上册英语语法知识点精讲+练习 (一)一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do(动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is going to rain. will do结构表示将来的用法: 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下: 一般疑问句构成: (1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t 否定句构成:will + not (won’t)+do Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成: 特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? ★★练一练★★ 根据例句,用will改写下列各句 例:I don’t feel well today. (be better tomorrow) I’ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight) _____________________________ 2. I’m tired now. (sleep later) _____________________________ 3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon) _____________________________ 4. We can’t leave right now. (leave a little later) _____________________________ 5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow) _____________________________ 答案:1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight. 2. I’ll sleep later. 3. They’ll buy one soon. 4. We’ll leave a little later. 5. Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow.

(完整版)苏教版译林牛津初中英语语法总结(初一初二)

补充: 1.句子的构成 初中一年级上语法 1.in,on,at表示时间的应用 in +parts of day(evening,morning,etc) /month/season/year on + day (Sunday, etc)/date(1 July,etc)/parts of a special day( Sunday morning)/special holidays(Children’s Day) at + time of day (seven o’clock)/ age(6 years old) 2.频率副词 never, seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always 3.疑问副词的用法 what,which,who,whose,when,why,how 4.可数名词与不可数名词 5.some和any的用法 6.There be句型 7.现在进行时及动词+ing的用法 初中一年级下语法 1.序数词与基数词 2.一般将来时:will与shall、be going to 3.名词所有格 名字+’s,mine,yours,ours,theirs,his,hers,its 4.冠词a,an, the的用法 5.表示方位的介词 In front of, behind,inside,outside,above,below,over,under 6.一般过去式及过去分词+ed的用法 7.can,could,may的用法 8.What 和How开头的感叹句 9形容词的用法,在句子中的位置 10.不定代词的用法 Somebody, someone, something Anybody, anyone, anything Nobody, no one, nothing Everybody, everyone, everthing 初中二年级上语法 1.比较级、最高级的用法 than作为比较级、the+最高级的用法 +er 及+est 的用法,most+形容词表示最高级 2. more…than, fewer….than,less..than, the most, the fewest, the least的用法 3. as…as的用法 4.反身代词的用法 Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 5.祈使句的用法

牛津五年级英语语法大全

五年级英语语法知识汇总 一、词类: 1、名词 这里强调两点:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is 人称代词:有主格和宾格之分。一般动词前用主格,动词后用宾格。 3、指示代词 4、冠词 有a、an、the。a和an的区别:an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u)前,a用于辅音音素前。 二、否定句: be动词(am、is、are)+not、 情态动词can+ not、 助动词(do、does)+ not 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句: 1、看句中有无be动词,如有,直接在be动词后+ not。 2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,直接在情态动词后+ not。 3、如上述二者都没有,就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤:

(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。(2)确定助动词用do、does,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does, (3)在助动词后加not。 (4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。 三、一般疑问句。 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为一般疑问句: 1、看句中有无be动词,如有,把be动词提到句首即可。 2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,把情态动词提到句首即可。 3、如上述二者都没有,就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤: (1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。(2)确定助动词用do还是does,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does (3)把助动词后提到句首。 (4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。 四、特殊疑问句。 表示疑问,有疑问词(在开头),回答有很多种可能。 五、时态 1、一般现在时 (1)一般现在时中的be动词: 一般用原形:am is are am用于第一人称单数(I);is用于第三人称单数(he she it和其他人名或称谓,如:Ben his sister 等);are用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you;第三人称复数they和其他复数,如the children 、his parents等)。 (2)一般现在时中的动词: 第一种情况:主语是第三人称单数(he she it 和其他,如Helen 、her cousin 等),动词后一般加s或es。 第二种情况:主语不是第三人称单数,动词都用原形。 (4)一般现在时判断依据(如何判断一个句子是一般现在时): △be动词是am、is、are △动词用原形或加s、es △没有时间状语或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具体的时间

八年级上册英语语法《一般过去时》知识点整理(最新整理)

一般过去时 1.一般过去时:表示过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 2.一般过去时结构: 1)Be 动词:主语+Be 的过去式(was /were)+其它。 2)实义动词:主语+V-ed+其它。 3.一般过去时的标志词: yesterday 昨天yesterday morning 昨天上午last year 去年 just now 刚才 two days ago 两天前in 1999 在1999 年情景提示等。 4.一般过去时的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。 1)Be 动词: (1)肯定句:主语+was/were +其它. I was late yesterday. 昨天我迟到了。 We were primary students 5 years ago. (2)否定句:主语+was /were+not +其它. We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到) (3)一般问句:be 动词提前。Was/Were + 主语+其它? I was ill yesterday. (改一般疑问句) →Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?) 肯定回答:Yes, I was. (是的,我病了。) 否定回答:No, I wasn't. (不,我没病。) (4)特殊问句:对谓语动词进行提问的:疑问词+was/were+主语+其它(一

般疑问句)?I was born in 1997. →When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的? 2)实义动词: (1)肯定句:主语+V-ed +其它。 I called up my good friend just now. (2)否定句: 主语+didn’t +V 原形+其它 I didn’t argue with Tom last week. (3)一般问疑句:Did +主语+ V 原形+其它? I bought a souvenir in 2010. (改一般疑问句) →Did you buy a souvenir in 2010? 肯定回答:Yes, I did. 否定回答:No, I didn’t. (4)特殊疑问句: 疑问词+did +主语+ V 原形+其它? I went to HongKong last year. →Where did you go to HongKong last year? 5.变化规则 (1)、规则动词的变化规则: (1)一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。如:play―played work―worked (2)以e 结尾的动词只加d. 如:like--- liked love―loved , (3)以辅音字母+Y 结尾的动词,变Y 为I,再加ed. 如:study―studied carry―carried (4)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写最后这个辅音字母,再加ed. 如stop―stopped

初中英语语法练习18牛津版2

1 / 4 初中英语语法练习(十二) I、Choose the best answer. (共26分) 1. Be careful when you go out. The streets ______ snow now. A. are made of B. are covered with C. are made up ofD. are full of 2. ----I'm sorry I've broken your vase.-----: ______ A. with pleasure B. don't mind C. never mind D. don't be sorry 3. The English story is quite easy for you. There are only ______ new words in it. A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few 4. I'll show you ______ our new housing estate when you finish your project. A. inB. toC. atD. around 5. They have to go over their lessons before nine o'clock, ______ ? A. haven't they B. do they C. have they D. don't they 6. A talk on science ______ in our school last Monday. A. gave B. givesC. was givenD. is given 7. You will succeed in your work ______ you give up hope. A. unlessB. ifC. afterD. until 8. He ______ from his newspaper as I entered the room. A. looked upB. looked atC. looked forD. looked out 9. Don't talk to Simon like that. After all, he is only ______ one-year-old boy.A. aB. anC. theD. / 10. In my class, some students love music, ______ are fond of

八年级上册英语语法汇总

一. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 (1)单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est。 ①单音节单词 small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest ②少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词 clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest (2)以不发音e结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st。

large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest (3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest (4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest (5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。

beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily (6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→furthest/farthest 2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法 (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。 Tom is taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高。

2020牛津高中英语语法大全集1至模块10语法

2018高考牛津高中英语-模块一至模块十语法 牛津高中英语-模块一 第一单元 一定语从句:定语从句的介绍 ?就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样,定语从句也可以修饰名词。定语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词。 形容词:The green team 介词短语:The team in green 定语从句:The team who were wearing green ?定语从句通常由关系代词来引导,如which, that, who, whom, whose,或关系副词来引导,如when, where, why。关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语,宾语,表语,定语;关系副词可以在定语从句中担当状语。 如:做主语The trees which are on the school campus have lost their leaves. 做宾语The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school. 做表语Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be. 做定语She has a brother whose name I can’t remember. 做状语The school where he studied is in Shenzhen. 二定语从句:关系代词:that,which,who,whom,和whose ?在定语从句中,that和which用来指代物。 如:This is the story that /which we wrote for our storytelling contest. ?在定语从句中,who 用来指代人。 如:I am going to see a friend who has just come back from the UK. ?当who在定语从句中做宾语时,可以用whom来取代,且whom比who 更正式。 如:I don’t know the name of the teacher who/whom I saw in the computer room the other day.

八年级上学期的英语语法总结(精)

八年级上学期的英语语法总结(全部! 一、只能修饰可数名词的词语有: many, many a(n, a good / great many, a (great / large number of, scores of, dozens of等。例如: Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening. 开张后的头几天,很多人去了那儿。 I have been there dozens of times. 我已去过那儿很多次了。 There’re a number of students reading English in the classroom. 教室里有许多学生在读英语。 Many a student has(=many students havevisited the Great Wall.(谓语动词用单数 很多学生都游览过长城。 In winter, a good many animals sleep under the snow. 冬天很多动物在雪下冬眠。 注意: many所修饰的复数名词前若有限定词,many 后面要接of, 表示―……中的很多‖。例如: A great many(of the graduates have found jobs. 毕业生中很多人已经找到了工作。 二、只能修饰不可数名词的词语有:

much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of等。例如: Is there much water in the bucket? 桶里有很多水吗? He always has a great amount of work to do. 他总是有很多工作要做。 三、既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词语有: a lot of, lots of, plenty of (以上三个词语后谓语动词的数依of 后的名词的单复数而定,a great / large quantity of (其后谓语用单数,quantities of (其后谓语用复数。例如: There is still lots of snow in the garden. 花园里还有许多雪。 There is plenty of rain here. 这儿的雨水很多。 A great quantity of flowers was placed in the hall. 大厅里放了很多鲜花。 There are large quantities of food in the cupboard. 橱柜里有许多食物。 在所有这些表示―很多‖的词语中many, much 是最常用的词,它们既可以用于肯定句,也可以用于疑问句和否定句。例如: Are there many people in the street?

八年级上册英语语法知识点总结

八年级上册英语语法知识点总结(一)一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do(动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is going to rain. will do结构表示将来的用法: 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下: 一般疑问句构成: (1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t

否定句构成:will + not (won’t)+do Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成: 特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? 练一练 根据例句,用will改写下列各句 例:I don’t feel well today. (be better tomorrow) I’ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight) _____________________________ 2. I’m tired now. (sleep later) _____________________________ 3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon) _____________________________ 4. We can’t leave right now. (leave a little later) _____________________________ 5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow) _____________________________ 答案:1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight.

牛津版初中英语语法教案大全

名词 (一) 概述 名词是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念名称的词,可以说名词是万物之名称。它们可以是: 人的名字 Li Ming, Tom 地方名称 China, London 职业称呼 teacher, doctor 物品名称 pencil, dictionary 行为名称 study, invention 抽象概念 history, grammar (二)普通名词和专有名词 1.普通名词 凡不属于特定的人名、地名、事物名称或概念名称的名词,都属于普通名词。这类名词在所有的名词中占绝大多数。普通名词大致有以下四种类型: 1)个体名词 个体名词指作为个体而存在的人或物。可以指具体的人或物,例如: He has two aunts. 他有两个姑姑。 Most classrooms have computers. 多数教室里都有电脑。 也可指抽象东西,例如: We’ve live d here for twenty years. 我们在这里住了二十年了。 I had a dream last night 我昨晚做了一个梦。 个体名词有复数形式,如:weeks, problems;单数形式可以和a/an 连用,如:a week, a problem, an old man. 2)集体名词 集体名词表示由个体组成的集体,下面是一些常见的集体名词: family (家,家庭) army (军队) company (公司;全体船员) enemy (敌人) government (政府) group (小组,团体) public (公众) team (队;组) police (警方) 集体名词有时作单数看待,有时作复数看待。一般说来,视为整体时作单数看待,想到它的成员时作复数看待: 例如: 有的集体名词通常用作单数,例如: Our company is sending him to work in Berlin. 我们公司将派他去柏林工作。 有的集体名词多作复数看待。例如: The police are looking for him. 警察正在找他。 3)物质名词 物质名词指无法分为个体的东西,我们学过的常见的物质名词有: beer, cloth, coal, coffee, coke, cotton, ice, ink, jam, juice, meat, medicine, metal, milk, oil paper, rain, salad, salt, sand, snow, soup, steel, sugar, tea, water, wine, wood, wool 等。 一般说来,物质名词是不可数折,因而没有复数形式。但有一些特殊情况: a .有些物质名词可用作可数名词,表示“一份”,“一杯”: Tree beers, please. 请来三杯啤酒。 A chocolate ice-cream for me. 给我一份巧克力冰淇淋。 b .有此物质名词可作可数名词,表示“一种”: It was a special tea which tasted of orange blossoms. 这是一种特别的茶,有桔子花叶。 It was a delicious wine. 那是一种美味的红酒。 作单数看待 作复数看待 His family isn't large. 他家人不多。 The government is planning to build a dam here. 政府打算在这里建一座水坝。 The public was unlikely to support it. 公众支持它的可能性不大。 His family are all music lovers. 他家的人都喜欢音乐。 The government are discussing the plan. 政府在讨论这个计划。 The public were deceived by the newspaper. 公众受到报纸的蒙骗。

相关主题