全国高考英语试题及答案-江苏卷
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）
英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
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4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20 分）
做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分5 分）
听下面5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the woman think of the movie?
A.It's amusing
B. It's exciting
C. It's disappointing
2.How will Susan spend most of her time in France?
A.Traveling around.
B.Studying at a school.
C.Looking stter her aunt.
3.What are the speakers talking zbout?
A.Going out.
B.Ordering drinks.
C.Preparing for a party.
4.Where are the speakers?
A.In a classroom.
B.In a library.
C.In a bookstore.
5.What is the man going to do?
A.Go on Internet
B.Make a phone call.
C.Take a train trip.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What is the woman looking for?
A.An information office.
B.A police station
C.A shoe repair shop.
7.What is the Town Guide according to the man?
A.A brochure.
B.A newspaper.
C.A map.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What does the man say about the restaurant?
A. It's the biggest one around.
B. Itoffers many tasty dishes.
C. It's famouns for its seafood.
9.What will the woman probably order?
A.Fried fish
B.Roast chicken.
C.Beef steak.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Where will Mr. White be at 11 o'clock?
A.At the office
B.At the airport.
C.At the restaurant.
11.Where will Mr.White probably do at one in the afternoon?
A.Recelive a guest.
B.Have a meeting.
C.Read a report.
12.Where will Miss Wilson see Mr.White？
A.At lunch time.
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/df17456776.html,te in the afternoon.
C.The next morning.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Why is Bili going to Germany？
A.To work on aproject.
B.To study German.
C.To start a new company.
14.What did the woman dislike about Germany？
A. The weather.
B.The food.
C.The schools.
15.What does Bill hope to do about his family？
A.Bring them to Germany.
B.Leave them in England.
C.Visit them in a few months.
16.What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
A.Fellow-travelers.
B.Colleagues.
C.Classmates.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.When did it rain last time in Juarez？
A.Three days ago.
B.A month ago.
C.A year ago.
18.What season is it now in juarez？
A.Spring.
B.Summer
C.Autumn.
19.What are the elderly advised to do？
A.Take a walk in afternoon.
B.Keep their homes cool.
C.Drink plenty of water.
20.What is the speaker doing？
A.Hosting a radio program.
B.Conducting a seminar.
C.Forecasting the weather.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _________ he or she wants.
A.however
B.whatever
C.whichever
D.whenever
答案是B。
例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _________ he or she wants.
A.however
B.whatever
C.whichever
D.whenever
答案是B。
21.Many Chinese brands,__________their reputations over centuries,are facing new challenges from the modern market.
A.having developed
B.being developed
C.developed
D.developing
22.__________not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A.It were
B.Were it
C. It was
D.Was it
23.Located_________the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A.why
B.when
C.which
D.where
24.The publication of Great Expectations,which_________both widely reviewed and highly praised,strengthened Dickens,status as a leading novelist.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
25.Working with the medical team in Africa has_________the best in her as a doctor.
A.held out
B.brought out
C.picked out
D.given out
26.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20,half of_________it used to charge.
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.how
27.He hurried home,never once looking back to see if he_________.
A.was being followed
B.was following
C.had been followed
D. followed
28.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme,one of_____purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A.which
B.it’s
C.whose
D.whom
29.O nly five years after Steve Jobs’ death ,smart –phones defeated _________PCs in sales.
A.controversial
B.contractory
C.confidential
D.conventional
30.A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _________your year ahead.
A.shape
B.switch
C.stretch
D.sharpen
31.He’s been informed that he _________for the scholarship because of his academic background.
A.hasn’t qualified
B.hadn’t qualified
C.doesn’t qualify
D.wasn’t qualifying
32.Determining where we are _________our surroundings remains an essential skill for our
survival.
A.in contrast to
B.in defense of
C.in face of
D.in relation to
33.——What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean ?
——it’s nothing .Just something _________.
A.as clear as day
B.off the top of my head
C.under my nose
D.beyond my wildest dreams
34.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents .But _________explanations
are hard to find .
A.alternative
B.aggressive
C.ambiguous
D.apparent
35.——Going to watch the Women’s V olleyball Match on Wednesday?
——!Will you go with me ?
A.You there
B.You bet
C.You got me
D.You know better
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school,Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, 36 across the campus with their heavy instrument cases. 37 at school for practice hours 38 anyone else had to be there.He swore to himself to 39 music,as he hated getting to school extra early.
__40___，one day，in the music class that was __41_of his school’s standard curriculurn，he was playing idly （随意地）on the piano and found it ____42___to pick out tunes.With a sinking feeling,he realized that he actually __43__doing it.Hetried ti hide his __44__pleasure from the music teather,who had __45__over to listen.Hemight not have this particularly well,__46__the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good___47__and suggested that Gabriel go into the musin store-room ti see if any of the instruments there __48__him.There he decided to give the cello（大提琴）a __49__.When he began practicing,he took it very __50__.But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrurnent,and was __51__to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
This __52__,of course,that he arrived at school early in the morning,__53__his heavy
instrument case across the campus to the __54__looks of the non-musicians he had left__55__.
36.A.travelling B.marching C.pacing D.struggling
37. A.rising up https://www.sodocs.net/doc/df17456776.html,ing up C.driving up D.turning up
38. A.before B.after C.until D.since
39. A.betray B.accept C.avoid D.appreciate
40. A.Therefore B.However C.Thus D.Moreover
41. A.part B.nature C.basis D.apirit
42. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/df17456776.html,plicate B.safe C.confusing D.easy
43. A.missed B.disliked C.enioyed D.denied
44. A.transparent B.obvious C.false D.similar
45. A.run B.jogged C.jumped D.wandered
46. A.because B.but C.though D.so
47. A.ear B.taste C.heart D.voice
48. A.occurred B.took to C.appealed D.held to
49. A.change B.chance C.mission D.function
50. A.seriously B.proudly C.casually D.admitted
51. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/df17456776.html,mitted https://www.sodocs.net/doc/df17456776.html,ed C.limited D.admitted
52. A.proved B.showed C.stressed D.meant
53. A.pushing B.dragging C.lifting D.rushing
54. A.admiring B.pitying C.annoying D.teasing
55. A.over B.aside C.behind D.out
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
CHRONOLOGICA
——The Unbelievable Years that Defined History
DID YOU KNOW…
In 105AD paper was invented in China?
When Columbus discovered the New World?
The British Museum opened in 1759?
CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time,from the
foundation of Rome to the creation of the internet.Along the way are
tales of kings and queens,hot air balloons…and monkeys in space.
Travel through 100 of the most
unbelievable years in world history and
ledrn why being a Roman Emperor
wasn’t always as good as it sounds,how
the Hundred Years’ War didn’t actually last for 100 years and why
Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record.
CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into
history,beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts.While
CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and
Alexander the Great,this book also gives ab account of the
lives of lesser-known individuals including the exploeer
Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.
This complete but brief historical collection is certain to
entertain readers young and old,and guaranteed to present
even the biggest history lover with somgthing new!
56.What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the next?
A．A biography. B．A travel guide.
C．A history book. D．A science fiction.
57.How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?
A．By giving details of its collection.
B．By introducing some of its contents.
C．By telling stories at the beginning.
D．By comparing it with other books.
B
Before birth,babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.They can even distinguish their mother’s voi ce from that of a female stranger.But when it comes to embryonic
learning（胎教），birds could rule the roost.As recently reported in The Auk:Ornithological Adrances,some mother birds may teach their young to sing
even before they hatch(孵化)。New-born chicks can then
imitate their mom’s call within a few days of enering the
world.
This educational method was first observed in 2012 by
Sonia Kieindorfer,a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia,and her collcagues.Femake Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their errs,When the errs were hatched,the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers—asound that served as their regular “feed me!”call.
To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds,the researchers sought the red-backed fairy wren,another species of Australian songbird.First they collected sound datd from 67 nests in four sites in Queenslang before and after hatching,Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes.A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks,ranking them by similarity.
It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms. And the more frequently mothers had called to their errs,the more similar were the babies’ begging calls. In addition,the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their mom’s voice were rewarded with the most food.
This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological(神经系统的)strengths of children to parents.An evolutionary inference can then be drawn.”As a parent,do you invest in quality children,or do you invest in children that are in need?”Kleindorfer asks.”Our res ults suggest that they might be going for quality.”
58.The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means“”.
A.be the worst
B.be the best
C.be the as bad
D.be just as good
59.What are Kleindorfer’s findings based on?
A.Similarities between the calls moms and chicks.
B.The observation of fairy wrens across Australia.
C.The data collected from Queensland’s locals.
D.Controlled experiments on wrens and other birds.
60.Embryonic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which .
A.can receive quality signals
B.are in need of training
C.fit the environment better
D.make the loudest call
C
A new commodity brings about a highly profitable,fast-growing industry,urging antitrust（反
垄断）regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago ,the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants（巨头）that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google,Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.
Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime,The giants' success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery, Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.
But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a “God’s eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond.
This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required—and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.
The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并),for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms'data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established
company is buying a new-borm threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.
The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply https://www.sodocs.net/doc/df17456776.html,panies could be forced to consumers what informati on they hold and how many money they make form https://www.sodocs.net/doc/df17456776.html,emments could order the sharing of cert ain kinds of data,with users' consent.
Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if govemments don't wants a data oconomy by a few giants,they must act soon.
61.Why is there a call to break up giants?
A. They have controlled the data market
B. They collect enormous private data
C. They no longer provide free services
D. They dismissed some new-born giants
62.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?
A. Data giants’ technolo gy is very expensive
B. Google’s idea is popular among data firms
C. Data can strengthen giants’ controlling position
D. Data can be turned into new services or products
63.By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitrust regulators could.
A. kill a new threat
B. avoid the size trap
C. favour bigger firms
D. charge higher prices
64.What is the purpose of loosening the giants’ control of data?
A. Big companies could relieve data security pressure.
B. Governments could relieve their financial pressure.
C. Consumers could better protect their privacy.
D. Small companies could get more opportunities.
D
Old Problem，New Approaches
While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life，global warning will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions（排放）peak. So even if emission were to begin decrease today，we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.
When it comes to adaptation，it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard，but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why in part at least，the US National Climate Assessment says that:”there is no ‘one-size fit all’ adaptation.” Nevertheless，there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.
Around the world people are adapting in surprising ways，especially in some poor countries，Floods have some more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that server as floating libraries，scbools，and health clinics，and are equipment with solar panels and other communication facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connecticity（连体）to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level：his staff people how to make floating gardens fish ponds prevent atarcation during the wet season.
Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways, especially in some poor countries, Fllods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mobammed Rezwan saw opportunily where others saw only disaster. His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schoods, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rezwan is creating floating conmetivity（连接）to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level: his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season.
Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang. Nophel lives in a mountaionous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers(冰川) there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Norphel’s inspiration come from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉) water. Having created nine such ice reserves. Nophel calculates that he has stored about 200, 000m3 of water. Climate change is a continuing process, so Norhel’s ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will overtake them. But he is providing a few years during
which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find other means of adapting.
Increasing Earth’s reflectiveness can cool the planet. In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses (which reflect light back to space) has changed the warming trend locally, and actually cooled the region. While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly, temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased. This example should act as an inspiration for all cities. By painting buildings white, cities may slow down the warming process.
In Peni, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the life-giving ice. The outcome is still far from clear, But the World Bank has included the proje ct on its of ‘100 ideas to save the planet”.
More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere. A friend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria. Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping. But during the past decade declining rainfall has allows him to plant highly profitable crops. Farmers in many countries are also adapting like this—either by growing new produce, or by growing the same things differently. This is common sense, But some suggestions for adapting are not. When the polluting industries argue that we’ve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, it’s a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.
Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways. But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in the way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.
65. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies .
A. adaptation is an ever-changing process
B. the cost of adaptation varies with time
C. global warming affects adaptation forms
D. adaptation to climate change is challenging
66. What is special with regard to Rezwan’s project?
A. The project receives government support.
B. Different organizations work with each other.
C. His organization makes the best of a bad situation.
D. The project connects flooded roads and highways.
67. What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming?
A. Storing ice for future use.
B. Protecting the glaciers from melting.
C. Changing the irrigation time.
D. Postponing the melting of the glaciers.
68. What do we learn from the Peru example?
A. White paint is usually safe for buildings.
B. The global warming tread cannot be stopped.
C. This country is heating up too quickly.
D. Sunlight reflection may relieve global warming.
69. According to the author, polluting industries should .
A. adapt to carbon pollution
B. plant highly profitable crops
C. leave carbon emission alone
D. fight against carbon pollution
70. What’s the author’s preferred solution to global warming?
A. setting up a new standard.
B. Readucing carbon emission.
C. Adapting to climate change.
D. Monitoring polluting industries.
第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个
．．最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Population Change
Why is the world’s population growing？The answer is not what you might think.The reason for the explosion is not that people have been reproducing like rabbits,but that people have stopped dropping dead like flies.In 1900,people died at the average age of 30.By 2000 the average age was 65.But while increasing health was a tupical feature of the 20th century,declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st.
Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen from 4.9 in the early 1960s to 2.5 owadays.Furthermore,around 50% of the world’s population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level(i.e.2.1 births per woman)and almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-repalanement birth rate.You might think that developing nations would make up the loss(especially since80% of the world’s people now live in such nations),but you’d be wrong,Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too,which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades.
A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China,for instance.What does it imply?First,China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population decline hits the country.Sencond,if other factors such as technology remain constant,economic growth and material expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble.
Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic promise.Since 1992 the number of people dying has been biggen than that of those being born by a massive 50%,Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961.Why is this occurring?Nobody is quite sure,but poor diet an above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it.If current trends don’t bend.Russia’s population will be about the size of Yemen’s by the year 2050.
In the north of india,the population is booming due to high birth rates,but in the south,where most econmoic development is taking place,birth rate is falling rapidly.In a further twist,birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural arceas an lowest in highly educated urban areas.In total,25% of India’s working-age population has no education.In 2030,a sixth of the country’s potential work force could be totally uneducated.
One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration.As for the USA,it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by 20% from 2010-2030,Moreover,the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants.As a result it’s likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.
第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）
81.请认真阅读下面有关我国电影票房收入（box-office income）的柱状图及相关文字，并按
照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Saturday Afternoon.In aShopping Center.
Li Jiang:Hi,Su Hua.Which movie shall we see?
Su Hua:Whatever.We’er got so many choice,Kung Fu Yoga,
Journey to the West…….Each sounds great!
Li Jiang:Yeah!And some movie stars are fantastic.
Su Hua:And the high-tech!...
Li Jiang:Perfect!Let’s get ome food first.W e only have 20
minutes left.
Su Hua:No hurry.The cinema is on the same floor.
One Day in 2016.At Home.
Son:Mum,shall we go and see a film to night?
Mother:Why bother?We can stay at home and watch films online.It’s convenient
with our new and faster network
Son:But it feels good in a cinema.
Mother:And the price..We have to pay 50 yuan a ticket
Son:Only 10 yuan more than last year.
Mother:But still we cannot get the money’s worth.Some films are just boring…
【写作内容】
1.用约30个单词概述柱状图信息的主要内容；
2.我国电影票房收入变化的原因有哪些，简要谈谈你的看法（上述对话仅供参考，原因不少
于两点）；
3.谈谈你对我国电影票房收入走向的看法，并简要说明理由。
【写作要求】
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3.不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
参考答案
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