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高一英语语法知识点2020最新

高一英语语法知识点2020最新
高一英语语法知识点2020最新

高一英语语法知识点2020最新

英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,英语语法系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。下面是我给大家带来的高一英语语法知识点总结,希望能帮助到大家!

高一英语语法知识点总结1

不定冠词

1.不定冠词a,an与one同源,表示微弱的―一‖的概念,但并不强调数目,用来表示不确定的人或事物。

A用在辅音前,而不是辅音字母前;an用在元音前,而不是元音字母前。auniversityinAsia1.表示同类中的―任何一个‖Acathas

ninelives.

2.表示泛指的某人、某物IknowaJohnLennon,butnotthefamousone.

3.表示数量的―一‖

Hehasadaughter.

4.表示单位数量的‖每一‖Iearn10dollarsanhour.

5.表示相同的‖Thetwo

birdsareofacolor.

6.用于集体名词前Hegrowsupinalargefamily.

7.

在某种情况下可用于抽象名词和物质名词前Chinahasalonghistory.

二、定冠词的用法1.表示特定的人或物

2.表示地球、宇宙中独一无二的事物主要指各种天体及世界上比较有影响的物体。Thesun,themoon,theearth

3.表示地点、方向、时间、方式等atthecorner在拐角处

1)在表示季节的名词前常不用冠词。Inspring在春天

2)

具体某年的某个季节,需用冠词。Inthesummeroftheyear2008

3)用于序数词或形容词的最高级前thefirstthe

second

4)用于形容词前使其名词化therichthepoor

5)用于复数姓氏前,表示―夫妇‖或全家TheSmiths

6)用于乐器名词前

Playthepiano

高一英语语法知识点总结2

名词性从句

一、that从句

1、主语从句

(1)that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有:

It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely ,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句

It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonor,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句

It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that 从句

(2)that可以省略,但that从句位于句首时,that不能省略。

2、宾语从句

(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see,say,know,imagine,discover,believe,tell,show,think,consider,besure ,beafraid等。在可以接复合宾语的动词之后,如think,make,consider等,可以用it作形式宾语。

(2)That从句一般不能充当介词宾语,偶尔可作except,in的宾语。

3、表语从句(that不可省略)

4、同位语从句

连词that引导同位语从句时,应在某些抽象名词之后,如:fact,hope,desire,thought,suggestion,idea,news,problem,possibility等,对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,that在从句中不担当任何成分,不能省略。

二、whether/if从句

1、在表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether不能用if;当主语从句放于句首时,只能用whether不用if;当it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末时用whether或if均可;discuss后引导宾语从句时,必须用whether。

2、在宾语从句中:

(1)及物动词后:whether从句中不能有否定式,宾语从句为否定句时用if;if不能与ornot连用,但可以用whetherornot;whether后可以加不定式。

(2)介词后:只能用whether,不用if。

三、特殊疑问词引导的从句

1、主语从句:特殊疑问词引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语。

2、宾语从句

(1)常见的能接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词有see,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,findout,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder, show,discuss,understand,inform,advise等。

(2)作介词宾语。

3、同位语从句、表语从句

四、名词性关系从句

What=thething(s)

which/that

whoever=anyonewho

whichever=anyone/anythingthat

whatever=anythingthat

where=theplacewhere

when=thetimewhen

五、名词性从句的几个难点

(一)that不可省略的情况

1、主语从句,that从句置于句首时;

2、当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时,引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略;

3、由it作形式宾语时,that引导的宾语从句中,that不可以省略。

(二)wh-ever与nomatterwh-的用法区别

Wh-ever既可引导名词性从句,又可引导让步状语从句;而nomatterwh-只能引导让步状语从句。

(三)asif/though,because,why可以引导表语从句

注意:because引导的表语从句,主语不能是reason或cause,而且since,as 不能引导表语从句。

(四)that引导的同位语从句与关系代词that引导的定语从句的区别

That引导的同位语从句成分是完整的,that在从句中不担当任何成分;that 引导的定语从句成分是残缺的,that在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。

高一英语语法知识点总结3

不定式的构成1.不定式的构成

不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。不定式一般有时式和语态的变化,通常有下表中的几种形式(以do为例):主动式被动式一般式

todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing/完成进行式tohave

beendoing/

1)不定式的一般式不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。如:Theyinvitedustogo therethissummer.他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。Hestoodasideformetopass.他站到一边让我通过。

2)不定式的完成式不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之后发生,它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语,有时也可作主语、定语等。如:She seemedtohaveheardaboutthismatter.她似乎已听说过这件事。Iamsorrytohavekeptyou

waitingsolong.我很抱歉让你等了这么久。Imeanttohavetoldyouaboutit,butIhappenedto

haveanimportantthingtodo.我本来想告诉你这件事的,但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。Ithasbeenanhonorfor

metohavetraveledsomuchinyourcountry.对我来说,在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。

3)不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。如:It’sniceofyou tobehelpingusthesedays.你真好,这些天一直帮我们。Hepretendedtobelisteningtothe

teachercarefully.他假装在认真地听老师讲课。Wedidn’texpectyoutobewaitingforus

here.我们没料到你一直在这儿等我们。

4)不定式的完成进行式如果不定式表示的动作是谓语所表示

5)动词不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式构成。如:Trynottobelateagainnext

time.尽量下次不要再迟到。Hewishedusnevertomeetheragain.他希望我们永远不要再见到她。

6)疑问词+动词不定式:不定式和疑问词whether,what,which,whom,where,when,how,why等连用可以在句中起名词的作用,通常跟在tell,know,show,decide,learn,wonder,explain,advise,teach,discuss,find out等动词后面作宾语,有时也可以充当主语、表语等。如:Onhearingthenews,hedidn'tknowwhethertolaugh

ortocry.听到这个消息,他不知道该哭还是该笑。Whentoholdthemeetinghasnot

decided.什么时候开会还没有决定。Themostimportantproblemishowtogetsomuch

money.最重要的事情是如何搞到这么多钱。介词后一般不直接接不定式,但可以接疑问词+不定式短语作宾语。如:Marygavesomeadviceon howtolearnEnglish.玛丽提了一些如何学习英语的建议。Ihavenoideaofhowtodo

it.我不知道该怎么做。

高一英语语法知识点2020最新

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语法要点: “直接引语”与“间接引语” 1、概念 (1)时态变化: 现在进行时——过去进行时一般现在时——一般过去时一般过去时——过去完成时现在完成时——过去完成时一般将来时——过去将来时过去完成时不变 GAGGAGAGGAFFFFAFAF

(2)指示代词,时间状语,地点状语和动词变化: this—that;these—those;now—then;today—that day;yesterday—the day before;tomorrow—the next(following)day;here—there; come —go 2、“直接引语”和“间接引语”的转换 (1)陈述句/感叹句:去掉逗号、引号,用that引导宾语从句 如:He said ,“I am going to Beijing.”——He said that he was going to Beijing. (2)一般疑问句/反义疑问句:去掉逗号和引号,用if/whether接宾语从句,且用陈述语序 如:He asked,“Are you a teacher?”——He asked me if/whether I was a teacher. (3)特殊疑问句:去逗号和引号,由原疑问词引导宾语从句,且用陈述语序 如:She said,“What are you doing?”——She asked me what I doing. (4)祈使句:通常改为“ask(want, beg, tell, order)+宾语+动词不定式”的简单句 GAGGAGAGGAFFFFAFAF

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