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散文翻译总结

散文翻译总结
散文翻译总结

9. Politics and the English language(1.4.7)

大多数为英语而烦心的人都会承认,英语的处境不佳,并且我们不能通过有意识的行动而使这种情形有所改观。我们的文明颓废不堪,语言也不能幸免,她不可避免的成为整体衰落的一份子。随之而来,任何反对滥用语言的努力都是感情上的复古主义者,就像那些倾向于蜡烛而非电灯,或是偏爱马车而非飞机的努力一样。言外之意,这里隐藏着一种并不十分明晰的信念,即语言是自然衍生的结果,并不是我们为自身之便而创造的工具。(考过的)

每段文章的文句都有问题,遑论避免行文粗陋了。但他们却有两点却是共同的:比喻陈腐和缺少精确性。作者或者有某种想法却苦于表达,或者在不经意间传达了其他信息,又或者他根本不在乎他的字句是否表达了什么。这种含混不清与全然无力的表达,是当今英语文章最显著的特点,而在任何政治性的写作中,更是莫此为甚。一旦选中特定的论题,具体就化为抽象,几乎没人有能力思考说话的口吻,而这都已司空见惯。文章的选词越来越少的考虑词本身的含义,反倒是越来越多的由短语堆砌而成,一如预制的鸡窝那样叠床架屋。

夸张的风格本身就是一种隐约其辞。大量的拉丁词语就如连绵不断的细雪一样,一点点的覆盖在了事实之上,将事实的轮廓变的模糊起来,而将所有的细节更是掩盖的严严实实。清晰的语言最大的敌人就是不诚实。当一个人宣称的目的和真实的目的存在差距时,他会本能的倾向于使用冗长的文字和颇费周张的成语,就像乌贼故放烟雾一样,以此扰乱人们的视线。每当大环境变坏之日,就是语言遭殃之时。

6. the art of listening(5.9)

当收听节目(最简单的科技节目除外)时,我感到做笔记很重要。·经常有这种情形,如果我不做笔记,到末尾我便会发现由于专注于倾听和理解细节而耗费了精力,既没能记住论点,也没掌握全·一- 部。这样的收听绝不是轻松自在的放纵自己,而是十足的艰苦工作。有时,讲话人说的太快,太含糊或太超越我的理解力,收听还会成为白费气力的劳动。但更多的时候,我得到了回报,吸收了新的令人振奋的观念,这些所得促进了我的思维,丰富了我对生活的见解。

正如我在文章开端所说的,听不在场的讲话人说话是不自然的,远比听亲身在场的人说话容易使人疲倦。如同阅读使人眼睛疲倦一样,它使人的耳朵疲倦。如果我们在任何一种情况下过分用力,心智就会停歇。大多数认真的读者常常发现读最后一两页时,尽管读是在读,但却不再接收所读的内容。收听过度的听讲者也是如此——他忘记了少量真正消化的东西比大量的过度摄取会有更多的营养。

5.As I see it (4.

6.7)

我们必须引以为戒的是:我们厌恶某些人,甚至讨厌整个人类,并不等于有权伤害自己的同类,不管他们是何等的可憎。依我之见,社会的规则必须是“自己活也让别人活”。另外,由于不断违反这一规则的人必须受到清算,所以即使是和平主义者和不抵抗主义者也必须按此原则划清界线。

我们当今在处理事情的方式上到底出了什么毛病呢?不是我们不能生产足够的商品,我们的机器现在每小时生产的东西相当于以前10000个手工工人干的活。但是,一个国家只生产商品是不够的,它还必须分配这些商品。而这却是我们的制度无可奈何地必然出毛病的地方。每个人一天工作4,5个小时,一周休两个礼拜天,就该过上十分舒适的生活。可是,为了几个天之骄子能够一年得到几十万磅的收入,千百万劳动者却不是死在车间,就是做60年苦工之后靠救济金度日。

依我之见,此事并不需要争论或表态。谁都可以一眼看出此事的愚蠢性及邪恶之处。如不坚决对之进行改革,我们本身及我们的文明都将被其毁灭。可是,我们只是喋喋不休的奢谈布尔什维主义、法西斯主义、共产主义、自由、独裁者、民主以及诸如此类的东西。与我同时代的弗林德斯-皮特里教授为我们新发掘出来的历史所提供的首要教训就是:任何一种文明,不管多么灿烂、多么辉煌、多么相似于我们这里的文明,都经受不住由于在财富和劳逸方面愚蠢地分配不当而产生的社会不满和阶级冲突。这一历史却偏偏是我们学校从来没有教过的,从而证实了德国哲学家黑格尔的说法:“我们学了历史就知道人们根本没有从历史上学到东西。(这段相对容易考)

1(5.6.7.8.9.10)

哲学研究能使我们的观点不至于僵化。我们每个人都常理所当然地认同某些普遍观点,把它们称作常识。要知道曾有人持过截然不同的观点,而我们自己的想法也源于哲学家极具独创性的推测。

如果狗能说话,它很可能不会区分运动体和生命体。一些原始部落的人也

不会区分,旅游者眼中的他们认为到处都有灵魂存在。我们处于机器时代,倾向于机械地解释所有的事物。然而自机器发明以来,笛卡尔[8]首次提出动物和人的身体本质上就是架机器距今也才区区300年。

科学家很可能认为哲学的所有问题最终都会被科学解决。对大多数问题来说这是可能的。哲学家仍在争论的问题中有很大部分会由科学解答。过去柏拉图认为我们看东西时,它上面有两束光,一束来自太阳,另一束来自我们的眼睛,而看的过程就像拄着拐棍摸索,两束光汇聚时才产生视力,这种视力流回大脑中使我们看见了事物。现在我们知道光来自太阳,反射进我们眼里。虽然不清楚眼里具体发生什么变化以致产生视觉,但随着我们对大脑机能的认识不断深入,我们极有把握弄清楚,而有关认识与意志的众多哲学大问题也将得到完美解决。

但就算后代子孙能够解答今天困扰我们的这样那样的问题,他们仍有未知的领域,那就是未来。哲学或许可以说成是对未知事物的争论。即使科学让我们有望一窥事实,不轻易下结论往往仍是上策。马克思和恩格斯对于他们同辈人关注的哲学问题言之甚少,也有这方面原因,他们显然相当明智。

但我们得为未来做准备,没有一定的哲学知识就无法做出合理的安排。一些人说我们只要依前人经验和宗教教条完成该做的事就行了,上帝会关照未来的。另一些人说世界是一个机器,规律运转,未来的事已有定数,再怎么努力改变也是徒劳。马克思主义者则说,即使我们是历史进程的一部分,未来仍取决于我们自身,这一哲学观点的确激励人们去成就伟大事业。不管它是不是真理(我认为是真理),它都能有力地指导行动。

我们需要一种哲学思想,来帮助我们应对未来。不可知论很容易成为懒人和保守主义者的借口。无论采用马克思主义或是其他哲学思想,我们都得了解它的

发展历程然后才能理解它。因此,了解哲学史对马克思主义者极为重要,即使在当前这个关键的时期。

散文翻译 Sweet September

散文翻译Sweet September Sweet September By Hal Borlnd 甜美的九月 September is more than a month, really; it is a season, an achievement in itself. It begins with August's leftovers and it ends with October's preparations, but along t he way it achieves special satisfactions. After summer's heat and haste, the year co nsolidates itself. Deliberate September-in its own time and tempo---begins to sum u p another summer. 真的,九月不仅仅是一个月份,它还是一个季节,一份成就。它始于八月的余热,终于十月繁忙的预备。但在这之间,它带来了异常的惊喜与满足。熬过夏季的躁热,这年就平静下来。九月,伴着它的时令,踩着它的节拍,翩然而至,宣告夏季的结束。 With September comes a sense of autumn. It creeps in on a misty dawn and vanis hes in the hot afternoon. It tiptoes through the treetops, rouging a few leaves, the n rides a tuft of thistledown across the valley and away. It sits on a hilltop and ho ots like an October owl in the dusk. It plays tag with the wind. September is a cha llenging busy as a squirrel in a hickory tree, idle as a languid brook. It is summer's ripeness and richness fulfilled. 九月悄然给我们捎来了一丝秋意。它无声无息地浸入雾蒙蒙的清晨,又在阳光煦暖的午后没了踪影;它蹑手蹑脚地跨过树梢,擦过些许叶子,又轻踏一簇毛蓟绕过山谷而去。它时而独栖山顶,像十月黄昏中猫头鹰的鸣叫;时而又同微风嬉戏;时而如山核树上的松鼠,忙得不亦乐乎;时而如慵懒的小溪,汩汩流淌。夏季的成熟与丰饶成就了甜美的九月。 Some of the rarest days of the year come in the September season-days when it is comfortably cold but pulsing with life, when the sky is clear and clean, the air cris p, the wind free of dust. Meadows still smell of hay and the sweetness of cut gras s. September flowers are less varied than those of May but so abundant that they make September another flowery month. Goldenrod comes by mid-August, but rises to a peak of golden abundance in early September. Late thistles make spectacular purple accents. And asters blossom everywhere, along the roadsides, in meadows, o n the hilltops, even in city lots, raging in color from pure white through all degrees of lavender to the royal New England purple. 九月给我们带来了一年中最难得的时光:晴空万里,秋高气爽,清风徐来,一尘不染,生命

经典英语美文短篇

经典英语美文短篇:爱母亲甚于爱自己 说明和注解:丁克威 这是一篇动情之作,读完后掩卷而思:母亲的胸怀是博大的,母亲的心灵是至纯的,母亲的爱是无私的。然而我们对于母亲的报答又有多少? 文章语言朴素简单,相信作为中学生的你能轻松地读下来。读到佳句妙语处,真希望你能把它记下来、背下来。 Those Childhood Days When you came into the world, she held you in her arms. ?hold somebody in one’s arms: 把某人抱在怀中 You thanked her by weeping your eyes out. ?weep one’s eyes out: 痛 哭;大哭 When you were 1 year old, she fed you and bathed you. ?注意bathe在此处用作及物动词,意为“给……洗澡”。 You thanked her by crying all night long. ?all night long:整夜;如 说“整天”则是all day long。 When you were 2 years old, she taught you to walk. ?可说teach somebody to do something(教某人做 某事) You thanked her by running away when she called. When you were 3 years old, she made all your meals with love. ?do something with love: 带着爱意/心做某事。 You thanked her by tossing your plate on the floor. ?toss: 抛投。When you were 4 years old, she gave you some crayons. ? crayon: 蜡笔。 You thanked her by coloring the dining room table. ?color在此句中用作动 词,表示“着色”。When you were 5 years old, she dressed you for the holidays. ? dress: 给……穿衣。 You thanked her by plopping into the nearest pile of mud. ?plop: 扑通一声地掉下去。 When you were 6 years old, she walked you to school. ?注意walk在此处用作及物动词,意为“陪……一起走”。

散文译文赏析

竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除 散文译文赏析 篇一:散文诗名篇赏析《Youth青春》中英文 经典英语名篇文章:青春 作者:samuelullman 青春不是年华,而是心境;青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝,而是深沉的意志、宏伟的想象、炽热的感情;青春是生命的深泉在涌流。 经典英语文章《青春》背后的故事: 太平洋战争打得正酣之时,麦克阿瑟将军常常从繁忙中抬起头,注视着挂在墙上的镜框,镜框里是篇文章,名为《青春》。这篇文章一直伴随着他,也跟着他到了日本。后来,日本人在东京的美军总部发现了它,《青春》便开始在日本流传。 一位资深的日本问题观察家说,在日本实业界,只要有成就者,没有哪一个不熟知不应用这篇美文的,就连松下电器的创始人松下幸之助几十年来也把《青春》当作他的座右铭。

还有这么一件趣事,足以证明《青春》在日本的魅力。一天,美国影片销售协会主席罗森菲尔德参加日本实业界的聚会,晚宴之前的谈话,他随意说了一句:“《青春》的作者,便是我的祖父。”在座的各位实业界领袖大为惊讶,其中有一位一边激动地说“我一直随身带着它呢”,一边从口袋里掏出了《青春》。 Youthisnotatimeoflife;itisastateof mind.Itisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlips andsuppleknees.Itisamatterofthewill,a qualityoftheimagination,vigorofthe emotions;itisthefreshnessofthedeepspring oflife. Youthmeansatemperamental predominanceofcourageovertimidity,ofthe appetiteforadventureovertheloveofease. Thisoftenexitsinamanof60,morethana boyof20.nobodygrowsmerelybythe numberofyears;wegrowoldbydeserting ourideas.Yearsmaywrinkletheskin,butto giveupenthusiasmwrinklesthesoul.worry, fear,self-distrust1bowstheheartandturns thespiritbacktodust.青春不是年华,而是心境;青春

英语美文欣赏

Sun smile 阳光般的微笑 The sun shone brightly on the ground in front of her feet as she pondered the reality of light. 太阳光芒四射地照耀这她脚前这片大地。她在沉思,思考着阳光是怎么一回事: How did light get here? Who made it and why? 它是怎么来到这儿的?谁让它来的?来做什么? She instinctively stepped into the sun spot and instantly felt warmer, brighter, and fuller of life and energy. 她下意识地踏进阳光里,整个人立刻觉得暖和,清醒起来,浑身充满了生机和活力。 The sun wrapped her in comfort and stability for, if nothing else,she could always count on the sun waking her up most mornings. 阳光笼罩着她,她感到很舒服很踏实,如果没有其他事情,大多数早晨,她都会让阳光叫她起床。

Its predictable radiance felt like the mother she never had as her childhood was characterized more so by pain and heartache than comfort and love. 太阳那如期而至的光芒就像妈妈一样,虽然她从来就没有感受过母爱,她的童年记忆里满是痛苦和伤心,而不是关怀和爱。 She stepped out of the sunlight and felt that all-too-familiar anxious pang in the pit of her stomach as she remembered how horrible it was to live in her childhood home. 她从阳光里走出来,一阵再熟悉不过的恼人的悲痛袭击了她的胸口,让她回忆起童年时的可怕生活。 Memories flooded her mind as she unsuccessfully tried to block them out by thinking good thoughts. 她努力朝好的方面想,希望能抵挡住如洪水般泛滥的痛苦回忆,但是无济于事。 Oh how she wished she could curl up in the middle of the sun and allow its love to encase her for all eternity. 她是多么希望可以蜷缩在温暖的阳光里,让太阳的爱包裹着她直到永远。 But, no, she was stuck here on earth with those who didn't feel the sun's rays the same way she did,who didn't feel deeply connected to this amazing source of life. 然而,这是不可能的。她只能在这儿,和其他人一起。其他人不像她一样渴望阳光,也不曾觉得自己与这神奇的生命之源有什么紧密联系。 All she could do was stand in the sun on occasion and shut out the rest of the world for a little while. 她唯一能做的就是偶尔站在阳光里,和阳光以外的世界短暂地隔离。 Maybe if she stood here long enough they would cease to exist. 她想也许只要一直站在阳光里,外面的世界也就不复存在了。

英语短文阅读

Part I Reading comprehension Directions: There are some reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Education is one of the key words of our time. A man without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim(受害人) of unfortunate circumstances(状况)deprived of one of the greatest twenty-first century opportunities. Convinced(深信的)of the importance of education, modern states "invest" in institutions of learning to get back "interest" in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, punctuated by textbooks ---those purchasable wells of wisdom ---what would civilization be like without its benefits? So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births; but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on "facts and figures" and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of "college" imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life. It is the ideal condition of the "equal start" which only our most progressive forms of modem education try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no "illiterates" -if the term can be applied to peoples without a script---while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England in 1967, and is still non- existent in a number of "civilized" nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the "happy few" during the past centuries. Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents; therefore the jungles and the savages know of no "juvenile

英语翻译文章9.11

Person of the Year(Nancy Gibbs) Sept.11 delivered both a shock and a surprise---the attack, and our response to it----and we can argue forever over which mattered more. There has been so much talk of the goodness that erupted that day that we forget how unprepared we were for it. We did not expect much from a generation that had spent its middle age examining all the ways it failed to measure up to the one that had come before—all fat, no muscle, less a beacon to the world than a bully, drunk on blessings taken for granted. It was tempting to say that Sept. 11 changed all that, just as it is tempting to say that every hero needs a villain, and goodness needs evil as its grinding stone. But try looking a widow in the eye and talking about all the good that has come of this. It may not be a coincidence, but neither is it a partnership: good does not need evil, we owe no debt to demons, and the attack did not make us better.It was an occasion to discover what we already were. “Maybe the purpose of all this,” New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani said at a funeral for a friend, “is to find out if America today is as strong as when we fought for our independence or when we fought for ourselves as a Union to end slavery or as strong as our fathers and grandfathers who fought to rid the world of Nazism.” The terrorists, he argues, were counting on our cowardice. They’ve learned a lot about us since then. And so have we. For leading that lesson, for having more faith in us than we had in ourselves, for being brave when required and rude where appropriate and tender without being trite, for not sleeping and not quitting and not shrinking from the pain all around him, Rudy Giuliani, Mayor of the World, is TIME’s 2001 Person of the Year.(From Time, December 31, 2001)

【关于孝的英语美文欣赏】经典英语美文欣赏50篇

【关于孝的英语美文欣赏】经典英语美文欣赏50篇 对父母亲的感恩就是对老人孝顺,孝敬有多种形式。吃好穿暖心情爽,精心照顾不添烦。自由生活无拘束,玩牌购物遂心愿。了关于孝的英语美文,欢迎阅读! “Enough! Enough!”I said when Father and Mother were still giving me more fish ad meat. My bowl was piled up like a little hill. “Don't study too late into the night. Do be careful of your health. Have you had any examinations recently?”Father asked me in great concern. My face turned red. I didn't dare to give Father an answer. I hadn't made any progress in my studies. I did badly in all subjects. I only got 60 for maths and failed in physics. “It doesn't matter. Try to find better study methods and to work harder. I am sure you can enter a college!”Hearing these words, I bent my head down. What a kind father! He didn't scold me, but encouraged me instead.

英语美文欣赏带翻译

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Weeks with sees our attractiveness level as akin to that of a discarded dishcloth, and the most physical we could see ourselves being with the guy who actually likes us is a game of ping pong over an especially long table. All of which means that someone usually ends up getting rejected. I'm sure I'm not alone when I say I have struggled with the scenario where I am not interested in a man romantically, but I want to keep him as a friend because he is funny and I enjoy his company, or he has shown himself to be that rare specimen known as "a nice, genuine person, " or he simply doesn't mention his therapist in every other sentence. Rather than string him along and give him hope, I feel compelled to somehow communicate to him sooner rather than later that we'll just be staying friends, nothing more. Otherwise, I think I am being unfair to him. Why should he waste his romantic stamina on me when there are loads of other single women out there who might fall instantly in love with him? The thing is, it can sometimes be tricky to reject a man and keep him as a friend. If the operation is not executed carefully, you may end up creating a "menemy." It requires a certain amount of skill to be able to turn down a man's sexual advances or romantic gestures and then get him to agree to meet you for blueberry pancakes the following weekend and chat about the latest Woody Allen film. Some men aren't satisfied with just that. I'm not clear why. What's so bad about friendship? Everyone needs buddies. But I've seen men react poorly or simply fall off the face of the earth. I get it -- their feelings are hurt. None of us likes getting rejected. But in my experience, some men find it especially soul-crushing. I am only bringing all of this up because I recently had to go through this scenario again. I had spent some time cultivating a friendship with a man who, in my defense, I thought was gay. So I didn't see the harm in him buying me the occasional falafel, or accepting an invitation to see a film with him. Isn't that what friends are for? But a mutual friend shed light on his sexual orientation (straight) and suggested that his intentions -- and attentions -- weren't platonic. He had never "made the moves" but now it was all crystal clear -- that explains the way he had looked at me that time the tahini sauce dribbled down my chin! Since he had clearly been too timid to express his feelings, I thought I would be clever this time and subtly mention the dates I had been going on, focusing on the one guy I was kind of keen on, so that he would know that I was "unavailable" for heavy petting and those sorts of activities, but that I was available for things like roller skating, falafel-eating and shooting the breeze. Doesn't that sound nice? That way, he would known not to try to lean in for a kiss, and I wouldn't have to pull the Stevie Wonder dance and dodge him went he went for it. It was like pre-rejection, yet I was sparing his feelings because he didn't even have to put himself out there! I really thought I was being brilliant. It backfired, of course. Said man ended up sending me an email rant accusing me of being insensitive by talking about other men when he had "feelings for me." As if I am psychic, by the way, just because I am a woman! How was I supposed to know that? I think in his mind we were dating. In my mind, he was my new gay BFF. In the end, I got mad at him for getting mad at me, and now the friendship has ended. And I have created yet another "menemy." 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If so, I hope they'll keep it to

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