沪教版初二下英语知识点笔记最全整理含例句和短语
U2P1
1:生活(n)：live
活着的，作定语(adj)：living
活着的，作表语或补语(adj)：alive
短语：生物：living things
例句：保持我们活着：keep us alive
例句：我们活着：we are alive
生活，生命(n-pl)：life-lives
短语：拯救某人生命：save one's life
短语：丧生：lose one's life
日常生活：daily life
2:呼吸(n-v)：breath-breathe
短语：深呼吸：take a deep breath
短语：喜欢呼吸纯净的空气：enjoy breathing pure air
3:危险(n)：danger
危险(adj)：dangerous
短语：在很大的危险中：in great danger
短语：一个危险的仆人：a dangerous servant
4:污染(n-v)：pollute-pollution
短语：空气/水/噪音污染：air/water/noise pollution
短语：污染空气/水：pollute the air/water
5:科学(n)：science
科学家(n)：scientist
6:打架，战斗(v)：fight
战士，斗士：fighter
短语：和污染战斗：fight against pollution
短语：为自由而战：fight for freedom
短语：污染斗士：pollution fighters
7:自然(n-adj)：nature-natural
短语：自然与环境：nature and environment
短语：自然的空调：natural air conditioners
8:物理(n)：physics
物理的(adj)：physical
短语：物理老师：physics teacher
短语：教我们物理：teach us physics
短语：一个物理变化：a physical change
化学(n)：chenistry
化学(adj)：chemical
短语：化学老师：chemistry teacher
产生一个化学物质：produce a chemical
一个化学变化：a chemical change
9:噪音(n-adj)：noise-noisy
短语：制造噪音：make noise
短语：更少吵闹：less noisy
10:危害(n-adj-adj反义)：harm-harmful-harmless
对某人有害（三种）：do harm to sb = be harmful to sb = be bad for sb 对...有好处（两种）：do good to = be good for
11:叶子(n-pl)：leaf-leaves
围巾(n-pl)：scarf-scarves
生命(n-pl)：life-lives
气体(n-pl)：gas-gases
12:交流(v-n)：communicate-coommunication
U2P2
1:让/使某人做某事：make sb/sth do sth
让/使某人怎样：make sb/sth + adj
例句：使街道更加漂亮：make streets more beautiful
例句：使树叶变得难吃：make leaves taste nasty
2:保持某人/物怎样：keep sb/sth + adj
例句：保持我们教室干净：keep our classroom clean
例句：保持安静/健康：keep quiet/healthy
例句：保持我们活着：keep us alive
保持门/窗开/关着：keep the door/window open/closed
3:来自（城市国家）（两种）：come from = be from
4:感谢某人做某事：thank sb for doing sth
例句：谢谢你帮助我（两种）：thank you for your help = thank you for helping me
5:与某人交谈：communicate with sb
6:互相（两种）：one another = each other
7:砍伐树木：cut down trees
8:也，还（三种）：as well as = and = and...as well
//as well as放在句中,and放在句中,and...as well放在句末
例句：树不仅清洁空气也使空气凉爽：（三种）trees cool the air as well as clean it = trees cool the air and clean it = trees cool the air and clean it as well
9:攻击(v)：attack
损坏(v)：damage
摧毁(v)：destroy
10:替代，替换(v)：replace
释放(v)：release
减少(v)：reduce
生产(v)：produce
11:一个半年（两种）：one and a half years = one year and a half
两个半小时（两种）：two and a half hours = two hours and a half
12:参军：join the army
入党：join the party
加入俱乐部：join the club
加入某人：join sb
例句：你能不能加入我们：would you like join us?
参加（两种） +：join in = take part in + 群众性活动
短语：根连在一起：join roots together
13:把某物递还给某人：pass sth to sb
14:经营，运作公司/工厂：manage/run a company/factory
保持机器工作，运转（两种）：keep the machine runnning/working
15:尝起来怎么样：taste + adj
美味（三种）：delicious/nice/good
味道差（三种）：terrible/awaful/bad
16:采访某人/面试某人：interview sb
一个面试：an interview
17:警告某人不要做某事：warn sb not to do sth
18:关于：on/about
19:通过做某事保护某人：protect sb by doing sth
例句：树通过产生一种化学物质保护自己：trees protect themselves by producing a chemical
保护某人免于某事：protect sb from sth
例句：保护我们免于火灾/危险：protect us from fire/danger
保护某人免于做某事：protect sb from doing sth
例句：警察保护我们免于受到坏人的伤害：The police protect us from getting hurt by bad people 20:生产，产生(v)：produce
产品(n):product
21:几乎不，否定副词：hardly
几乎没有（两种）：hardly any = almost none/no
几乎从来（两种）：hardly ever = almost never
例句：我几乎不能相信自己的眼睛：I could hardly believe my eyes
22:举例（三种，后面加）：forexample, + 句子/such as + n/n短语 = like + n/n短语
23:动词变ing四种形式：+ing/去结尾不发音e+ing/ie结尾变y+ing/辅元辅结尾双写+ing
U2P3
1:日常的(adj)：daily
日报：daily paper
2:耐心的(adj)：patient
不耐烦的(adj)：impatient
耐心地(adv)：paintly
病人(n)：patient
3:舒适的(adj)：comfortable
不舒适的(adj)：uncomfortable
舒适地(adv)：comfortably
4:放松(v-adj人-adj物)：relax-relaxed-relaxing
5:疑惑(v-adj人-adj物)：puzzle-puzzled-puzzling
6:清洁，净化：clean up
清洁，净化(n)：cleaning
做一些清洁：do some cleaning
一次彻底的净化：a thorough cleaning
短语：保持教室清洁：keep the classroom clean
7:冷冻，冰冻(v-过去式-过去分词)：freeze-froze-frozen
冰冷的(adj)：freezing
冷冻的(adj)：frozen
极冷的天气：freezing weather
冷冻食品：frozen
8:彻底的(adj-adv)：thorough-thoroughly
U2P4
1:刷牙：brush one's teeth
2:打开/关闭水龙头/电视/灯：turn on/off + the tap/TV/lights
处于开启、关闭状态：be on/off
3:把A倒入B：pour A into B
4:浪费/节约水/纸张/时间/钱：waste/save water/paper/time/money 5:遵守/破坏规则/法律：obey/follow/break the rule/law
6:以...的速度：at the speed of
平均速度：average speed
加速(v-过去式-过去分词)：speed-sped-sped
7:到某事的时间了：It's time for sth
例句：到上课/晚餐的时间了：It's time for class/dinner
到做某事的时间了：It's time to do sth
例句：到起床的时间了：It's time to get up
8:把A加入B中：add A to B
9:大量的（两种）：a huge amount of = huge amounts of
10:仍然是：remain the same
11:看四周：look around
look up两种意思：查阅字典/向上看
寻找：look for
照顾：look after
看着：look at
当心/向外看：look out
12:记得不要做某事：remember (not) to do sth
例句：记得不要浪费时间：remember not to waster the time
13:回答，答复(v)（两种）：reply = answer
reply的过去式：replied
14:一滴水：a drop of water
把我降落到溪水里：drop me into the water
15:降落(v)：fall
漂流(v)：float
上升(v)：rise
流动(v)：flow
16:你说某物是什么意思：what do you mean by sth?
17:增加：increase
保持：remain (the same)
减少：decrease
18:水的化学符号是H2O：The chemical symbol for water is H2O
19:休息(v)：rest
短语：好好休息：have a good rest
20:工厂（三种）：works/plant/factory
作品(n)：works
U2P5
1:服务(v)：serve
服务(un)：service
服务(pl)：services
仆人(n)：servant
短语：在军队服务：serve in the army
短语：一个好仆人：a good servant
短语：因为它的食物和服务而著名：be famous for its food and service
短语：公共/汽车服务：public/bus services
2:电(n-adj-adj另)：electricity-electric-electronic
短语：电动玩具/灯：electric toys/lights
短语：电子计算器：electronic claculator
短语：电子词典：electronic dictionaries
3:愚弄(v-adj)：fool-foolish
自己(n)：self
自私的(adj)：selfish
孩子(n)：child
孩子气的(adj)：childish
4:解释，说明(v-n)：explain-explanation
短语：一个说明：an explanation
耐心地/礼貌地/清楚地向某人解释某事：explain sth to sb patiently/politely/clearly //5是adj-adv和前文重复，不抄
6:照顾某人（三种）：take care of sb = look after sb = care for sb
当心某人/物：be careful with sb/sth
care for的两种意思：照顾/喜欢
7:看得见的(adj-反义)：visible-invisible
8:改变(v-adj)：change-changeable
短语：多变的天气：changeable weather
把A变成B：change A into B
9:风俗习惯,海关(n)：custom
顾客(n):customer
//10与以前重复，不抄
11:勇气(n)：courage
鼓励(n)：encourage
鼓励某人做某事：encourage sb to do sth
12:电池(n-pl)：battery-batteries
13:包含,含有(v)：contain
容器(n)：container
//Batteries are packets that contain electricity
14:每日的，每天(adj/adv)：daily
日报：daily paper
日常生活：daily life
每月的(adj/adv)：monthly
月刊：monthly magazines
每月的（两种）：monthly = every month
年收入：yearly income
短语：周报：weekly paper
每年的（两种）：yearly = every year
每周的（两种）：weekly = every week
U2P6
1:发电站：power station
火车站：railway station
2:账单：bill
清单：list
菜单：menu
3:粗的(adj-比较级)：thick-thicker
胖的(adj-比较级)：fat-fatter
更瘦：thinner
4:形式，形态/形成：form
短语：能量的不同形式：different forms of energy
短语：养成一个好习惯：form a good habit
5:把A连到B上：connect A to B
A被连到B上：A be connected to B
例句：细电线被连到粗电线上：Thin wires are connected to thick wires
6:叫某人...：call sb/sth + 名称/称呼
短语：把细电线称作电缆：call thin wires cables
7:在某种程度上（两种）：in a way = partly
8:对，答对了：That's right
你是对的：You're right
没关系（两种）：That's all right = It doesn't matter
9:A:我能做某事吗：A:May I do sth?
B:是的，你可以/不，你不可以/恐怕你不可以：Yes,you may/No,you may not/I'm afraid you can't 10:看起来像：look like
look like指：外在/外貌
怎样的...：be like
be like指：外在/外貌或内在/性格
what用：what...look like/be like
how后用：how...like
天气怎么样？（两种）：what's the weather like? = How is the weather?
11:打开/关闭：switch on/off
12:测试,测验(v/n)：test
做一个测试：have a test
13:在某人脸上：on one's face
14:在某人身上耍一个花招：play a trick on sb
U2P7
1:开会（两种）：have a meeting = hold a meeting
2:列清单(v)：list
列一个清单：make a list
3:对某人免费：be free to sb
免费：for free
4:建议(v-n-pl)：suggest-suggestion-suggestions
建议某人应当做某事：suggest that sb (should) do sth
5:在A和B中间：between A and B
6:讨论(v-n)：discuss-discussion
做一个讨论：discussion
7:选择(v-n-pl)：choose-choice-choices
做出选择：make a choice
8:决定（不）要做某事：decide (not) to do sth
决定(v-n)：decide-decision
作出决定：make a decision
9:负责做某事（三种）：be responsible for sth = be in charge of sth = take charge of sth 10:总共,总计（两种）：in all = altogether
11:上/这/下学期：last/this/next term
12:团队(n)：team
团队合作(n)：team work
13:就某事和某人达成一致：agree with sb on sth
14:秘密(n)：secret
秘书：secretary
15:考虑做某事（两种）：consider doing sth = think of doing sth
16:想到,想起：think of
例句：你能想到一个例子吗：Can you think of an example
你认为某人/物怎么样？（两种）：what do you think of sb/sth? = How do you like sb/sth 17:仔细考虑：think it over
仔细商谈：talk it over
18:应当做某事（两种）：should do sth = ought to do sth
不应当做某事（两种）：should not do sth = ought not to do sth
14:经验/经历(n)：experience
experience作经历时是：cn
experience作经验时是：un
20:建议(v-n)：advise-advice
接受某人的建议：take one's advice
一条建议：a piece of advice
例句：你给我们的建议是多么有用啊：What useful advice you're given us!
建议某人不要做某事：advise sb (not) to do sth
U2P8
1:珍贵的(adj)（两种）：precious = valuable
价值(n)：value
珍贵的（比较级）：more precious/valuable
2:出版(v)：publish
3:记笔记：take notes
4:投票给某人：vote for sb
5:设计(v)：design
设计师(n)：designer
6:阅览室：reading room
读者：reader
7:景色,风景(n):view
例句：我想要一个有好风景的房间：I want a room with a good view
8:a bit,a little第一种用法，与另一个形式相等：a bit/little + adj/adv原级 = kind of + adj/adv原级短语：有点忙：a bit busy = kind of busy
a bit/a little第二种用法：a bit/little + 比较级
9:有某人/物：with sb/sth
例句：一个有着好风景的房间：a room with a good view
没有某人/物：without sb/sth
例句：我们离开水不能生存：We can't live without water
例句：孩子们不应该在没有家长陪伴下烹饪：Children shouldn't cook without their parents
没有做某事：without doing sth
例句：他们匆忙地离开了没有说再见：They left in a hurry without saying goodbye
10:赢得地1/2/3等奖：win the first/second/third prize
赢得(v-过去式-过去分词)：win-won-won
赢得(v-过去式-过去分词)：win-won-won
11:向某人寻求某物：ask (sb) for sth
短语：向我们征求建议：ask us for advice/suggestions
短语：向我们求助：ask us for help
短语：向我们讨钱、食物：ask us for money/food
向我们请假：ask us for leave
12:班长：monitor
校长(n)：headmaster
13:保持/打破世界纪录：keep/break the world record
14:if作如果用于什么句子：条件状语从句
时态：一般现在时
if作是否用于什么句子：宾语从句
等于：whether
时态：看具体情况
例句：我不知道kitty明天是否会来：I don't know if Kitty will come tomorrow
例句：如果她要来，我会告诉你：If she comes,I'll tell you
15:青年时期(n)：youth
天才，天赋(n)：talent
委员会(n)：committee
U2P9
1:编辑(v-n)：edit-editor
短语：一名编辑：an editor
主编：the chief editor
2:推选某人为：elect sb to be + 职位
选举某人作为：elect sb as + 职位
3:安排(v-n)：arrange-arrangement
安排做某事：arrange to do sth
4:(使)结束(两种)：conclude = come to an end
5:同意某人：agree with sb
认同某事：agree on sth
就某事与某人达成一致：agree with sb on sth
同意做某事：agree to do sth
6:我不知道（两种）：I have no idea = I don't know 我有一个好主意：I have a good idea
A:我们去购物吧？：Shall we go shopping?