(英语) 高考英语阅读理解专项训练100(附答案)及解析

（英语）高考英语阅读理解专项训练100(附答案)及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Robots make me nervous—especially the ones which seem to think for themselves. I was embarrassed to admit this till I heard that Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, felt the same way. Gates said in an interview with the social networking and news website Reddit: "I am in the camp that is concerned about super intelligence. First the machines will do a lot of jobs for us and not be super intelligent．That should be positive if we manage well. A few decades after that, though, the intelligence is strong enough to be a concern."

Well, maybe I don't have to worry about my computer and kitchen equipment yet. After I use them I can always pull the plug. But in the future, machines might find a way to prevent us from switching them off. There's a terrible thought!

Maybe the problem with computers too clever for us is not that they are evil like some we've seen in sci-fi movies. What could put us in danger is that they might be too efficient. That's what philosopher Nick Bostrom from Oxford University believes. He says that machines are indifferent to humans and in pursuit of their own goals，the destruction of people might be just additional damage. Bostrom gives us an example: A machine which might have its only goal to produce as many paperclips as possible might look at human bodies as extra material for paperclips and go after you. Because it is, well, a machine, it would not take pity on you.

It's a good thing that American writer Isaac Asimov thought about how far robots can go and left us his three rules of robotics. They state that a robot may not hurt a human being or allow the human being to come to harm.

I'm glad my machines at home are "dumb". All my cleaner wants to take over is the carpet in my living room. Let's hope they don't create an appliance which wants to take over the world!（1）The author quoted Bill Gates' words in Paragraph 2 in order to make the text________.

A. better-known

B. more persuasive

C. better-organized

D. more interesting

（2）An intelligent paperclip machine would harm us because _______.

A. it is much cleverer than us

B. it would take over the world

C. it has the strong feeling of destroying us

D. it would see us just as material

（3）How does the author feel about Isaac Asimov's rules of robotics?

A. Optimistic

B. Worried

C. Disappointed

D. Regretful

（4）What does the text mainly focus on?

A. The benefits of future robots.

B. The new applications of robots.

C. The concern for super intelligence.

D. The popularity of robots in the future.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了智能机器人可能给人类带来伤害以及美国作家Isaac Asimov为此制定了三条机器人规则，作者旨在引起人们对智能机器人的关注。

（1）考查推理判断。因为比尔盖茨是一个名人，他的观点更有说服力，所以作者才会引用他说的话，让别人更加相信他的观点。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“A machine which might have its only goal to produce as many paperclips as possible might look at human bodies as extra material for paperclips and go after you.”可知智能的paperclip machine会把人类当成是加工材料而伤害人类。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“It's a good thing that American writer Isaac Asimov thought about how far robots can go and left us his three rules of robotics.”可知作者认为Isaac Asimov所制定的机器人规则是好事情，说明他对此持乐观的态度。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据主题段第一段可知人们对于人工智能，尤其是机器人的迅速发展持有谨慎的态度，认为人工智能的过快发展会影响到人类的未来。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

You can either travel or read, but either your body or soul must be on the way. The popular saying has inspired many people to read or go sightseeing. Traveling just like reading, is a refreshing journey from the busy world. Books, brain food, can keep you company on your travel. On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac

The book is a globally popular spiritual guide book about youth. The main character in the book drives across the US continent with several young people and finally reaches Mexico. After the exhausting and exciting trip, the characters in the book begin to realize the meaning of life. The book can be a good partner with you to explore the United States.

Life is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera

Jean-Jacques Rousseau once said, "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains." The book tells a young artist's romantic but miserable life, about how he reads, dreams, and has a relationship. Experience the artist's passionate life in the book during a trip to Central Europe. The book invites you to deeply reflect on your current life.

The Stories of Sahara, 1967, by Sanmao

The book narrates the author's simple but adventurous life in the Sahara Desert, which seems a desolate and dull place. The fancy natural scenery and life there, along with the author's romantic and intensive emotion, will inspire you to explore the mysterious land. Reading the book is like participating in a dialogue with the author, who is sincere and humorous.

Lotus, 2006 by Annbaby

This novel set in Tibet, tells three people's stories, each with their unique characteristics. It reveals modern people's emotions and inner life, their confusion about love, and exploration of Buddhism. The book is a good partner to bring you to the sacred land Tibet.

（1）Which book is about the exploration of life value through a journey?

A. On the Road.

B. Life is Elsewhere.

C. The Stories of Sahara.

D. Lotus.（2）Whose book could be the most suitable for your trip to Germany?

A. Jack Kerouac's.

B. Sanmao's.

C. Annbaby's.

D. Milan Kundera's.

（3）What can we learn from the text?

A. Lotus is a religious book exploring Tibetan Buddhist culture.

B. On the road advises a classic route for driving across the US.

C. The stories of Sahara records its authors' own life in the desert.

D. Life is Elsewhere demonstrates Jean-Jacques Rousseau's own life.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，推荐了几本适合在旅行途中阅读的书。

（1）考查细节理解。根据On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac部分中的“After th e exhausting and exciting trip, the characters in the book begin to realize the meaning of life.”可知，在那令人筋疲力尽的旅行之后，书中的人物开始意识到生命的意义，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据The Stories of the Sahara,1967, by Sanmao部分中的“Experience the artist's passionate life in the book during a t rip to Central Europe”可知，Germany（德国）是属于Central Europe（中欧）的，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据Life is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera部分中的“The book invites you to deeply reflect on your current life.”可知，本书引导人们对当前生活进行深刻地反思，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

The National Postal Museum is divided into galleries that explore America's postal history. Visitors will have a full picture of the creation and fantastic varieties of postage stamps.

World of Stamps

Video images bring stamps to life and attract visitors who explore the surrounding displays. Visitors encounter the world's first postage stamp —the 1840 Penny Black and learn how it revolutionized communication. Stamp images, including Dr. Martin Luther King's "I have a dream" speech and the stamp that helped raise almost $72 million dollars for breast cancer research, explain how stamps have shaped history and honored people and places worldwide.

Gems of American Philately

Visitors have the opportunity of examining 13 of the most rare and highly valued stamps in the world of the stamp collection, including the most famous American stamp of all, the 1918 Inverted Jenny. A video explains why the Inverted Jenny and other stamps displayed here are the most valuable. The treasures in this area are rarely available for public viewing. Each tells a story about an important event in US history.

Mail Marks History

The markings on mail provide valuable clues to the surprising ways mail has been transported over time, including challenges and even disasters encountered along the way. You will understand these markings by following the journeys of three historic letters.

Connect with US Stamps

Visitors explore their own connections with stamps. At three touch screen tables, they create their own stamp collection based on the topics that interest them most. They can also create their own stamp designs. Visitors have the chance to view videos in which stamp designers talk about their craft, stamp collectors explain what they collect and why, and footage(片段) shows the process of making stamps.

（1）What can you do at World of Stamps?

A. Photograph some nice stamps on display.

B. Learn more about the great importance of stamps.

C. Donate money to cancer research.

D. Listen to a speech by Martin Luther King on video.

（2）What can you see at Gems of American Philately?

A. Some famous designers in the US.

B. Some newly released stamps in the US.

C. Some of the most valuable US stamps.

D. Some important public reviews of stamps.

（3）Where can you see how stamps are created?

A. Connect with US Stamps

B. Gems of American Philately

C. Mail Marks History

D. World of Stamps

（4）Where does this text come from?

A. An official report.

B. An exhibition guide.

C. An announcement.

D. An art show review.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国国家邮政博物馆几个展厅的展览内容。（1）考查推理判断。根据World of Stamps部分中的“Video images bring stamps to life and attract visitors who explore the surrounding displays.”和下文列举世界上第一张邮票，马丁路德金演讲邮票和帮助乳腺癌研究筹钱邮票的例子，说明在这里人们能够更多了解邮票的知识和重要性。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Gems of American Philately部分中的“Visitors have the opportunity of examining 13 of the most rare and highly valued stamps in the world of the stamp collection,”可知游客们在这里能够有机会欣赏到世界上最珍贵的13枚邮票。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Connect with US Stamps部分中的“They can also create their own stamp designs. Visitors have the chance……and footage(片段) shows the process of making stamps.”可知在这里能够看到邮票制作的过程。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。本文介绍了美国国家邮政博物馆几个展厅的展览内容，此类文章不属于官方报告，公告，也不属于艺术展览评论。它属于展览指导，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Michele Gentile, an Italian bookseller, is offering free books to children in exchange for plastic bottles to recycle.

Michele owns Ex Libris Cafe in Polla, a small town in southern Italy. He said he thought of the recycling program because he wanted to inspire children in the small town to read and pay attention to the environment.

"My goal is t0 spread the passion and love for books among those people in Italy who do not usually read while at the time helping the environment," Gentile explained.

The idea for the initiative (倡议) came after Gentile collaborated with a nearby middle school on an aluminum recycling project. Working together, the schoolchildren and Gentile collected enough cans to purchase books for an entire classroom. His new program too off from there and has already spread into northern Italy: Gentile's hopes his work will continue to make headlines and become a worldwide initiative.

The free books come from customers in Gentile's shop who have donated money to purchase a "suspended" book. The idea comes from a World War II practice in which customers would buy two Coffees: one for themselves and another for the next person in line. Gentile has been using the extra books as part of his recycling initiative,

While Gentile's program is a great way to recycle and get kids to read, it also brings awareness to the growing problem of plastic waste. Single-use plastics make up around 26 percent of all the plastics in the world, only 14 percent of which are recycled. Plastics that end up in landfills take around 500 years to decompose (分解), is a major concern for environmentalists.

Cutting down on plastic waste is important if we want to better the environment for future generations, and recycling programs like Gentile's book giveaway are a great way to meet that goal.

（1）What is the purpose of Gentile's book giveaway?

A.To sell more coffee and books.

B.To attract more customers.

C.To collect money for a new project.

D.To inspire reading and recycling.

（2）How did Gentile come up with the idea?

A.Working with a school to recycle cans.

B.Seeing school kids don't like reading.

C.Donating books for a local school.

D.Buying a “suspended” book for a child.

（3）Who pay for the books of the project?

A.The local government.

B.Gentile himself.

C.Some publishers.

D.His customers.

（4）Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A.An Italian's Reading Initiative

B.Recycling Can Get Kids Free Books

C.Michele's Way of Doing Business

D.A New Way to Deal with Plastic Waste

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，意大利书商Michele Gentile发起了一项“拿瓶换书”的活动，只要孩子们拿一个塑料瓶和一个铝罐就可以跟他换一本书，以此来鼓励孩子们阅读和环保。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He said he thought of the recycling program, because he wanted to inspire children in the small town to read and pay attention to the environment. ”他说他想到了环保的项目，他想启发和鼓励这个小镇的孩子们阅读和关注环保)可知，Michele的目的是鼓励和启发孩子们阅读和环保。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The idea for the initiative (倡议) came after Gentile collaborated with a nearby middle school on an alum inum recycling project. ”这个倡议的想法是在和附近的一个中学合作铝回收项目之后产生的，可知，和一所中学合作铝回收的项目让Michele有了这个想法。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“The free books come from customers in Gentile's shop who have donated money to purchase a ''suspended" book. ”这些免费图书来自于Gentile书店的顾客，他们捐钱买了一本“暂停使用”的书，可知，书店的顾客为图书付了钱。故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Michele Gentile, an Italian bookseller, is offering free books to children in exchange for plastic bottles to recycle. ”一位名叫Michele Gentile的书商正在为孩子们提供可回收的塑料瓶可以换得的免费书籍，可知，本文主要讲述Michele Gentile让孩子通过可回收利用的塑料瓶来换免费书籍的故事。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

The American newspaper has been around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper. He filled his paper with stories of adventure, articles on art, on famous people, and on all sorts of political subjects.

Three centuries after the appearance of Franklin's Courant, few believe that newspapers in their present printed form will remain alive for long, Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value, and in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed that would not have been imaginable just several years ago. The chief editor of the Times said recently, “At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case.” An article about the newspaper appealed on the website of the Guardian, under the headline “NOT DEAD YET.”

Perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet, which has made the daily newspaper look slow and out of step with the world, has brought about a real sense of death, Some American newspapers have lost 42% of their market value in the past three years. The New York Times Company has seen its stock（股票）drop by 54% since the end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in the past year. A manager at Deutsche Bank suggested that stock - holders sell off their Times stock. The Washington Post Company has prevented the trouble only by changing part of its business to education; its testing and test — preparation service now brings in at least half the company's income,

（1）What can we learn about the New England Courant?

A. It is mainly about the stock market.

B. It carries articles by political leaders.

C. It marks the beginning of newspapers.

D. It remains a successful newspaper in America.（2）What can we infer about the newspaper editors?

A. They often accept readers' suggestions.

B. They caw a lot about each other's health.

C. They stop doing business with advertisers.

D. They face great difficulties in their business.（3）Which of the following found a new way for its development?

A. the Washington Post.

B. The Guardian.

C. The New York Tinier.

D. New England Courant.

（4）How does the author seem to feel about the future of newspapers”?

A. Satisfied.

B. Hopeful.

C. Surprised.

D. Worried.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国报纸的由来，以及现在面临的挑战和做出的调整。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“the print er James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper.”可知，James Franklin创办的New England Courant就是我们今天所知的真正的报纸，也就标志着美国报业的开始，故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value”可知，报社正在逐渐失去广告商，读者和市场价值，以及后面编辑的话"At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case."，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候“你还好吗”仿佛刚出院或输了一场官司，其实隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气，编辑们现在正面临着困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故选D。

(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是The Washington Post 《华盛顿邮报》。故选A。

(4)考查推理判断。通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题，可以判断作者对此很担忧。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需

要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

It is that time of year when people need to lock their cars. It's not because there are a lot of criminals running around stealing cars. Rather, it's because of the good-hearted neighbors who want to share their harvest. Especially with this year's large crop, leaving a car unlocked in my neighborhood is an invitation for someone to stuff it full of zucchini（西葫芦）.

My sister-in-law, Sharon, recently had a good year for tomatoes. She and her family had eaten and canned so many that they began to feel their skin turn slightly red. That's when she decided it was time to share her blessings. She started calling everyone she knew. When that failed, she began to ask everyone in the neighborhood like a politician, eventually finding a neighbor delighted to have the tomatoes. "Feel free to take whatever you want," Sharon told her. She felt happy that she could help someone and that the food didn't go to waste.

A few days later, Sharon answered the door. There was the neighbor, holding some bread. The neighbor smiled pleasantly, "I want to thank you for all of the tomatoes, and I have to admit that I took a few other things and hope you wouldn't mind."

Sharon couldn't think of anything else in her garden that had been worth harvesting and said no. "Oh, but you did," the neighbor said. "You had some of the prettiest zucchini I've ever seen." Sharon was confused. Zucchini in her garden? They hadn't even plated any zucchini. But her neighbor insisted that there really were bright-green zucchini in her garden. The two of them walked together into the backyard. When the neighbor pointed at the long green vegetables, Sharon smiled, "Well, actually, those are cucumbers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating or canning."

The neighbor looked at Sharon, shock written all over her face. Then she smiled, and held out the bread that she had shared all over the neighborhood, "I brought you a loaf of cucumber bread. I hope you like it."

（1）Why does the author suggest that people in the neighborhood should lock their cars?

A. They might be stolen by thieves.

B. They night be moved away by the police.

C. Their neighbors might fill them with their harvest.

D. Their neighbors might throw rubbish in them.

（2）What does the underlined word "blessings" in the second paragraph mean?

A. tomatoes.

B. belongings.

C. helpful things.

D. best wishes.

（3）What did the neighbor do in Sharon's garden?

A. She harvest tomatoes only.

B. She harvested zucchini by accident.

C. She took some cucumbers mistakenly.

D. She stole something without Sharon's permission.

（4）We can infer from the article that the neighbors bread would taste ________.

A. bitter but tasty

B. strange and bitter

C. hard and sour

D. soft and sweet.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的妯娌邀请一位邻居去她家菜园里随便采摘西红柿和其他喜欢的蔬菜，而邻居在菜园里却错误地把老黄瓜当作了西葫芦，并且她用这个材料做成了面包拿来和邻居一块分享。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Rather, it's because of the good-hearted neighbors who want to share their harvest. Especially with this year's large crop, leaving a car unlocked in my neighborhood is an invitation for someone to stuff it full of zucchini（西葫芦）.”可知作者建议附近的人们锁上自己的车是因为他们的邻居可能往车里填自己的收成，故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“My sister-in-law, Sharon, recently had a good year for tomatoes.”可知That's when she decided it was time to share her blessings.意思是她觉得是时候与别人分享自己的西红柿了，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据由倒数第二段的“Sharon smiled, ‘Well, actually, those are cucumbers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating or canning.’”可知邻居在Sharon的菜园里错误地采摘了一些黄瓜，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“ When the neighbor p ointed at the long green vegetables, Sharon smiled, "Well, actually, those are cucumbers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating or canning."以及最后一段中的“ I brought you a loaf of cucumber bread. I hope you like it."可推知用苦涩的黄瓜做的面包味道自然是奇怪的和苦的,故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades later?Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain,in rats at least.

"This is an animal study,but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important一not just for physical development,but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive（认知的）development during ageing,"says Martin Wojtowicz of the University of Toronto,Canada."In humans,it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's symptoms（阿兹海默氏症）,possibly to the point of preventing them."

Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups,and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks.Around four months later—when the rats had reached middle age—the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box.When placed in the box,they froze with fear.

Two weeks later,the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room,the same box with the room arranged differently,and a completely different box in a different room.

The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations,suggesting they couldn't remember which one

was dangerous.But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.

“The results suggest t he amount of physical activity when we're young,at least for rats,has influence on brain and cognitive health—in the form of better memories—when we're older,"says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston,who has found that,in humans,exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.

（1）The study shows that______.

A. physical activity is important for physical health

B. using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats' growth

C. physical activity can prevent human's Alzheimer's symptoms

D. the more exercise a rat has when young,the better memory it will possess when older

（2）How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?

A. By analyzing causes.

B. By giving an example.

C. By describing the process.

D. By showing differences.

（3）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Exercise.

B. Development.

C. Benefit.

D. Study.

（4）What is the author's attitude towards the animal study?

A. Negative.

B. Objective.

C. Critical.

D. Doubtful.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过对实验鼠的实验，发现了动物在年轻时运动越多，老年时的记忆力就越好。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.”可知，锻炼对大脑终生有好处，至少对老鼠是这样的。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段和第四段讲述Wojtowicz的研究小组对老鼠进行试验的过程，因此通过描述过程发展的。故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第二段介绍一项动物研究，具体的运动对身体的发育很重要，对于人类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此it在句中指的是具体的身体活动，也就是锻炼。故选A。

（4）考查观点态度。根据短文中对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果的介绍，用数据表示，可见作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和观点态度四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

With fuel costs rising and airlines finding more fees to impose on travelers every day, airfare

isn't getting any cheaper. Since you can't drive to all your dream destinations, flying is the only way to go sometimes and, undeniably, the fastest. Luckily, there are plenty of ways to find the most affordable fares and also avoid paying as many extra charges as possible when you plan ahead.

Getting the best fare. Airlines put out their fare sales on Tuesday morning, making this day the best day to book a flight for less.

Fly during the least popular times. Tuesday, Wednesday and Saturday are the slowest days to fly, which means cheaper deals than the rest of the week. You can also find reduced rates on early morning flights, since many people don't like to get up before the sun to get to the airport. Earlier boarding times can also considerably cut down your chances of getting bumped on an overbooked flight or delayed because of other delayed flights or mechanical issues.

Choose your seat later. Some airlines charge you to pick your seat when you book online, adding even more to the bottom line of your ticket cost. If you show up early on your travel day, you can still get suitable seats. Some of the best seats get held back until flight day, unless others are willing to pay extra for them ahead of time, so you still have the chance at one of those.

Fly on holidays. You already know that summer is the most expensive time to fly, and even though most other times are more affordable, the days surrounding holidays can be crazy. Save big if you're willing to travel on major holidays, such as Thanksgiving and Christmas.

Don't wait until the last-minute to book. Many travelers don't know that there's a sweet spot for booking and getting the best price on your tickets. Book too early or too late and you could end up paying more than you need to. The best time to book is between three months and six weeks from when you want to travel.

Avoiding extra fees Airlines will charge for just about anything these days. Some have even toyed around with charging customers for using the restroom. All those extra fees can certainly add up, but there's no reason to pay them if you don't have to. Here are some tips to keep money in your wallet once you get to the airport.

Avoid the upgrade it's not necessary. Sometimes upgrades are free, but mostly you will be charged for seeking a last-minute bump to first class, and the cost can be hefty.

Fly carry-on only. Baggage fees vary wildly, but almost all airlines charge them and charge big. Why pay for your clothes to fly with you? If everyone in your travel party checks a bag, your bill can be astronomical before you ever even get to your destination. It's easy to reduce the amount of stuff you pack: Make sure all your clothing coordinates, so you can take less and still make more outfit combinations, take only two pair of shoes, plan to do a bit of laundry on your trip and bring only travel-sized toiletries.

Pack your own snacks. Unless you're flying internationally, it's rare your flight comes with a free meal. Snacks on the plane are not cheap and almost never healthy. Don't rely on what's on the small menu and instead tuck some of your own snacks — granola bars, homemade muffins, fruit and trail mix all make fantastic travel foods — into your bag and eat a lot better, and cheaper, than other passengers.

Do you have a tried and true method of getting the best deal on your flights? Let us know.

（1）Tuesday is the best to book a ticket at a lower cost for ________.

A. fewer people travel on Tuesday.

B. the flights are slower than usual.

C. fare sales are usually announced on Tuesday.

D. flights are seldom delayed on Tuesday.（2）Which of the following will help to cost you less for a flight?

A. Book your flight on Thursday.

B. Travel surrounding Christmas.

C. Pick your seat the moment you book online.

D. Book early morning flights.

（3）The underlined word “hefty” here has the same meani ng as ________.

A. large

B. heavy

C. fierce

D. acceptable

（4）To save the cost for the flight, you should ________.

A. check whether the upgrade is free before you bump to the first class

B. make sure your clothes and shoes are fit for a lot of walk

C. share your own snacks with other passengers

D. plan to do the washes on flight

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了买到便宜的飞机票的几个窍门。

( 1 )细节理解题。根据第二段Getting the best fare. Airlines put out their fare sales on Tuesday morning, making this day the best day to book a flight for less.可知，票价通常在星期二公布，所以这一天是以低价订票的好时机。故选C。

( 2 )细节理解题。根据第三段第三句You can also find reduced rates on early morning flights, since many people don't like to get up before the sun to get to the airport.可知，预订早班航班将有助于你节省花费，因为早班机坐的人少，票价较便宜。故选D。

( 3 )词义猜测题。根据倒数第四段中Sometimes upgrades are free, but mostly you will be charged for seeking a last-minute bump to first class, and the cost can be hefty.可知，升级座位只是有时候免费，但是大多数情况下，你会在最后一分钟寻找头等舱时被收费，而且成本是昂贵的，故选A。

( 4 )推理判断题。根据倒数第四段Sometimes upgrades are free, but mostly you will be charged for seeking a last-minute bump to first class, and the cost can be hefty.可知，升级座位只是有时候免费，所以在升级成头等舱时要先确认。

9．阅读理解

Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. It could be something as simple as not getting the job you wanted, or getting fewer marks even after hard work. But what makes

you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.

Once, a young school boy was caught in a fire accident in his school and was assumed that he would not live. His mother was told that he was sure to die, for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body. Even if he were to survive, he would be lame throughout his life.

But the brave boy did not want to die nor did he want to be lame. Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive. But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no motor ability. His thin legs just hung there, lifeless. Eventually he left the hospital. But his determination to walk was unshakable. At home, when he was not in bed, he had to stay in a wheelchair. One day, he threw himself from the chair and pulled himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind him. He reached the fence, raised himself up and then began dragging himself along the fence, firmly determined. He did this every day, with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided. With his iron determination, he did develop the ability to stand up, then to walk on and off, then to walk by himself and then to run.

He began to walk to school, and then run to school, to run for the joy of running. Later in college he was on the track team.

In February 1934, in New York City's Madison Square Garden, this young man who was not expected to survive, who would surely never walk, who could never hope to run-this determined young man, Dr. Glenn Cunningham, ran the world's fastest mile.

A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many, and his story, a brilliant evidence to how one can bounce back even when all difficulties are piled against one, to the degree that death seemed the preferable option.

（1）The first paragraph is intended to ________.

A. present an argument

B. make preparations for statement

C. arouse readers' interest

D. function as a brief introduction

（2）What was the doctor's opinion about Glenn?

A. Glenn was able to walk with his own great effort.

B. Great determination could make a difference to Glenn.

C. There was a slim chance that Glenn could survive.

D. Glenn could live a normal life with the upper halt" of his body.

（3）What do we know about Glenn?

A. Glenn took recovery exercise in hospital.

B. Glenn inspired people with his moving story.

C. Glenn won the first place in Marathon.

D. Glenn organized a track team in college.

（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Strengthen determination

B. Stand up after failure

C. Go after dreams

D. Face difficulty bravely

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。文章通过

Glenn幸存的故事，告诉我们“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”

（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. 和 But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.可知，第一段的作用是作一个简短的介绍。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive.可知，医生认为Glenn生还的机会很小。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many,可知，Glenn以他感人的故事激励人们。故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”可知本文最佳主题是B项Stand up after failure。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇议论类阅读，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。

10．Directions: Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range.

Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe comfortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body.

The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages. Here are the steps for using the chart:

（1）Which of the following is TRUE?

A.Exercise intensity can be reflected by a person's heart rate.

B.The faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is.

C.Vigorous exercise will definitely present a threat to people's safety.

D.The target exercise heart rate range for a 45-year-old is 90–149 BPM.

（2）A 34-year-old man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40. His fitness coach had better tell him _____________.

A."You are doing fine."

B."You can run faster."

C."You should slow down a bit."

D."You should drink some water."

（3）What is the purpose of this passage?

A.To advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising.

B.To inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 and under.

C.To tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise.

D.To show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exercise intensity.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段“Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range.”及表格上的数据可知，一个人的心率可以反映运动强度。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据表格中给的测量心率的方法可知，此人的每分钟的心率是40*4=160，结合数据表格，年龄34从35岁那一栏可知，大于百分之85，根据图表说明可知，属于剧烈运动，因此他的健康教练应该告诉他放慢一点。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。文章通过告诉读者如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。可知，文章的目的是向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

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