2012江苏高考 英语试题阅读理解

2012江苏高考英语试卷----阅读理解窥见

这已是自2004江苏自己命题以来的第9个年头了，应该说保持了一贯的平稳和高水平。无论是材料的选择，还是题型的设置，不管是继承还是创新，都是中国高考试卷的一朵奇葩。以下简单谈谈我个人在解答阅读理解部分的困惑和答题过程的揭秘。

A

选材：此话题浙江高考试卷曾经出现过，人教版老教材，第一册第一课也有这样的假设。体裁：应用说明文

话题：荒岛上只有你一人时，你最想要什么？

解题过程揭秘：1.先看整体，确定是应用文。扫读标题和第一句确定大意。

2.看问题，找关键词快，要“快、准、狠”。

3.答案处停留，细心审答。

56. According to the survey, people left alone on a desert island would most want their__________.

A. MP3 player

B. dog D. celebrity

解答：1. Respondents in all 16 countries surveyed said their spouse (调查对象) or partner would be their first choice to have with them. Perhaps this makes sense:

2. 命题人常用技巧红色为“英文同意替换”法。划线部分为答案。

57. Which of the following is true about George Clooney?

A. He has been trained in wilderness survival.

C. He does not think Roseane is beautiful.

D. He is the choice of most South African women. 解答：1. who knows if George Clooney or Penelope Cruz has taken courses in wilderness survival training? George Clooney wouldn't think I'm as pretty as my husband does!"

2. if不表条件，是宾语从句当“是否”讲，表不确定性。may not be 命题人常用技巧“不绝对”法。

3. 56和57相通，命题人常用技巧“答案环环相扣”法。配偶或是伴侣是第一位，当然那些“明星，名人”就不一定靠得住了。

58. The survey results are analyzed in terms of the respondents’ __________.

B. race, nationality and sex

C. marriage, age and race

D. age, sex and marriage

解答：1. Respondents in all 16 countries surveyed said 和下文的四幅图。

2.spouse中的South African/Indian women----nationality +gender Clooney中的Russian /Mexican men women-----nationality+gender MP3中的Malaysian/Amerian and Australian men------nationality+gender dog中的older than 45 age group----age

3.综上选A sex gender的同意性别（男女）。

B

Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping across Americas farmland. It has little to do with the usual challenges, such as flood, rising fuel prices and crop-eating insects. The country's fanners are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultural census (普查) figures show that the fastest-growing group of fanners is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.

Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in

hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying of .America's farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No.1 on a list of "useless" college degrees. Top federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.

“There couldn't be anything that's more incorrect," Merrigan said. "We know that there aren't enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.

In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by 2050, she said.

“I truly believe we're at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are at all-time record lows," said Matt Rush, director of the Texas Farm Bureau. "Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture. "

The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. The National Young Farmers' Coalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.

Ryan Best, president of Future Fanners of America, has been living out of a suitcase, traveling the country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21 -year-old Best hopes his message-that this is a new time in agriculture-will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics. Never before have we had the innovations ( 创新) in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said. “there’s really a place for everybody to fit in.”

选材：此话题大学英语四级考试曾出现过相似的文章，一篇为“美国农业”，一篇为“老年学”。

体裁：说明文

话题：美国农业面临的困境和机遇：人口老年化和全球粮食需求旺盛。

59. What is the new challenge to American agriculture?

B. Higher fuel prices.

C. More natural disasters.

D. Lower agricultural output.

解答：1. It has little to do with the usual challenges,such as flood, rising fuel prices and crop-eating insects. The country's fanners are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place.

2. 命题人常用技巧“逆向否定”法。

60.Why is Merrigan visiting universities across the country?

A. To draw federal agriculture officials' attention.

B. To select qualified agriculture graduates.

C. To clarify a recent blog posting.

解答：1. making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture.

2. 命题人常用技巧“同意替换”法。In hopes of =in order to=to表目的。

61. According to Matt Rush, American agriculture will provide opportunities for younger people

because__________.

A. the government will cover production costs

B. global food supplies will be even lower

D. America will increase its food export

解答：1. said Matt Rush, director of the Texas Farm Bureau. "Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture. "

2. 命题人常用技巧“句意概括”法。“I truly believe we're at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are at all-time record lows。

我坚信我们身处农业的黄金时代。全球农业需求创历史新高，而供给却是历史新低。

62. What do the underlined words "to turn around the statistics" in the last paragraph mean?

A. To re-analyze the result of the national census.

B. To increase agricultural production.

D. To invest more in agriculture.

解答：1. will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics.

2. 命题人常用技巧“答案环环相扣”法。从事农业的人口老年化，农业是最好时机。National agricultural census (人口普查) figures show that the fastest-growing group of fanners is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.

C

Medical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. One solution to this problem is to put the drugs inside a capsule, protecting them from the body—and the body from them—until they can be released at just the right spot. There are lots of ways to trigger(引发) this release, including changing temperature, acidity, and so on. But triggers can come with their own risks—burns, for example. Now, researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining near-infrared light (NIR,近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.

The idea of using light to liberate the drug in the capsule isn't new. Researchers around the globe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down when they absorb cither ultraviolet (UV,紫外线) or visible light. But tissues also readily absorb UV and visible light, which means the drug release can be triggered only near the skin, where the light can reach the capsule. NIR light largely passes through tissues, so researchers have tried to use it as a trigger. But few compounds(化合物) absorb NIR well and go through chemical changes.

That changed last year when Adah Almutairi, a chemist at the University of California, San Diego, reported that she and her colleagues had designed a polymer that breaks down when it absorbs NIR light. Their polymer used a commercially available NIR-absorbing group called o-nitrobenzyl (ONB). When they catch the light, ONB groups fall off the polymer, leading to its breakdown. But ONB is only a so-so NIR absorber, and it could be poisonous to cells when it separates from the polymer.

So Almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules that's even better. This one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer.

Cresol contains reactive(易反应的) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage. After polymerizing the cresols, they cap each reactive component with a light-absorbing compound called Bhc. When the Bhcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. Shining additional light continues this breakdown, potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule. What's more, Almutairi says, Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.

选材：此话题大学英语四级考试曾出现过相似的文章，题为“butter 和cream”的新发现应用于药品研究。

体裁：说明文

话题：新材料，新方法，让“毒胶囊”消失。

63. According to the passage, which of the following could be the best trigger?

A. Temperature change. C. Acidity change. D. UV light.

解答：1. There are lots of ways to trigger(引发) this release, including changing temperature, acidity, and so on. But triggers can come with their own risks—burns, for example. Now, researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining near-infrared light (NIR,近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.

2. 命题人常用技巧“逆向否定”法。

64. Why in ONB unsatisfactory?

A. It breaks down when it absorbs NIR light.

B. It falls off the polymer and triggers drug release.

C. It has not come onto the market up till now.

解答：1. When they catch the light, ONB groups fall off the polymer, leading to its breakdown. But ONB is only a so-so NIR absorber, and it could be poisonous to cells when it separates from the polymer.

2. 命题人常用技巧“不绝对”法。

65. Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?

A. Protected

B. formed D. combined

解答：1. When the Bhcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. Shining additional light continues this breakdown, potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule. What's more, Almutairi says, Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.

2. 命题人常用技巧“同意替换”法。

D

Franz Kafka wrote that "a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us. " I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn't seem to require any explanation.

We’d just finished John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. "Are you crying?" one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. "I am," I told her, "and the funny thing i s I've read it many times. "

But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I've taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel's terrible logic—the giving way of dreams to fate (命运).

For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school--one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan's upper classes—into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional "cultural capital" could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. D.'s.

Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn't always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, "it’s about being a man, it’s about manl iness. " I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth's soliloquies (独白)read as raps (说唱) , but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck's writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that "all these people hate each other, and they're all white. " His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.

Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich (充实) the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.

选材：此话题高考和大学英语四级考试曾出现过相似的文章，副科音乐或是教育的真谛。体裁：记叙文

话题：学生不是只是考试和识记，更重要的是“唤醒他们的情感”。

66. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to________

A. realize our dreams

B. give support to our life '

C. smooth away difficulties

解答：1. "a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us. "

2. 命题人常用技巧“抽象概括”法。"Are you crying?" We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity.

67. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?

A. Because they spent much time reading it.

B. Because they had read the novel before.

C. Because they came from a public school. ,

解答：1. But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen.

2. 命题人常用技巧“抽象概括”法。

68. The girl left the selective high school possibly because_______.

A. she was a literary-minded girl

B. her parents were immigrants

D. her father was then in prison

解答：1. a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high schoo l--one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan's upper classes—into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates.

2. 命题人常用技巧“同意替换”法。Left=out of school felt uncomfortable with her new classmates.=couldn't fit in with her class

69. To the author's surprise, the students read the novels________.

B. passively

C. repeatedly

D. carelessly

解答：1. he students didn't always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, "it’s about being a man, it’s about manliness. " I had never before seen

2. 命题人常用技巧“同意替换”法。didn't always read from the expected point of view=do sth creatively

70. The author writes the passage mainly to________.

A. introduce classic works of literature

C. argue for equality among high school students

D. defend the current testing system

解答：1. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts,not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich (充实) the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores,but we will fail to teach that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.

2. 命题人常用技巧“答案环环相扣”法。

备考和学习建议：1. 技巧可以很短时间掌握。

2.基础知识很重要，尤其是长难句的分析能力。

3.历年高考真题和四级真题也是高分的“红宝书”。

江苏高考英语试卷及答案

2015江苏高考英语试卷 二、单选 21. The number of smokers, ______ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in the past one year. A. it B. which C. that D. as 22. Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _____ to their greatest potential. A. accelerate B. improve C. perform D. develop 23. –Jim, can you work…..? --_____? I’ve been working two weeks on end. A. Why me B. Why not C. What if D. So what 24. Much time______ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally trapped by health problems. A. being spent B. having spent C. spent D. to spend 25. _____ Li Hua, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but…. A. That B. Why C. Where D. How 26. It is so cold that you can’t go outside______ fully covered in thick clothes. A. if B. unless C. once D. when 27. The university started some new language programmes to _______ the country’s Silk Road Economic Belt. A. apply to B. cater for C. appeal to D. … 28. It might have saved me much trouble______ the schedule. A. did I know B. have I known C. do I know D. had I known 29. The whole team ______ Donald, and he seldom let them down. A. wait on B. focus on C. count on D. call on

(完整word版)2012年江苏高考英语试题及答案

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、 准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。 2.短小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。 第一部分:听力(共两节,满分20 分) 做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5 小题;每小题1 分,满分5分) 听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选 项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. In a library. 2. At what time will the film begin? A. 7:20 B. 7:15. C. 7:00 3. What are the two speakers mainly talking about? A. Their friend Jane. B. A weekend trip. C. A radio programme. 4. What will the woman probably do? A. Catch a train. B. See the man off. C. Go shopping. 5. Why did the woman apologize? A. She made a late delivery. B. She went to the wrong place. C. She couldn’t take the cake back. 第二节(共15 小题;每小题1 分,满分15 分) 听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5 秒钟;听完 后,各小题给出5 秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6 段材料,回答第6、7 题。 6. Whose CD is broken? A. Kathy’s. B. Mum’s C. Jack’s. 7. What does the boy promise to do for the girl? A. Buy her a new CD. B. Do some cleaning. C. Give her 10 dollars. 听第7 段材料,回答第8、9 题。 8. What did the man think of the meal? A. Just so-so. B. Quite satisfactory. C. A bit disappointing. 9. What was the 15% on the bill paid for? A. The food. B. The drinks. C. The service. 听第8 段材料,回答第10 至12 题。

【最新】2018年江苏省高考英语试卷

2018年江苏省高考英语试卷 第一部分听力（共两节，满分5分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19. 15.B. £ 9. 18.C. £ 9. 15.答案是C。 1．（1.00分）What will James do tomorrow？ A．Watch a TV program． B．Give a talk． C．Write a report． 2．（1.00分）What can we say about the woman？ A．She's generous． B．She's curious． C．She's helpful． 3．（1.00分）When does the train leave？ A．At 6：30． B．At 8：30． C．At 10：30． 4．（1.00分）How does the woman go to work？ A．By car． B．On foot． C．By bike． 5．（1.00分）What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A．Classmates． B．Teacher and student． C．Doctor and patient．

2018年高考江苏卷英语答案解析

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