上海市2016届高考压轴考试英语试卷(解析版)

2016上海市高考压轴卷

英语

（考试时间120分钟试卷满分150分）

第I卷（共103分）

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

(A)

This report is about how to be polite. It (25) ( examine ) how we can make our language more polite and how we can make sure we do not upset someone from another culture. The information can be accessed on the Internet.

It has been found that words such as ―would‖ and ―could‖ can be used to help us to be polite. For example, it is much (26) (good) to say ―Would you do this?‖ rather than ―Do this!‖. It is also suggested (27) it is useful to say ―Please‖ and ―Thank you‖. People from the West like to use these words in cases where some people in Asia may not think it necessary. (28) ( Say ) ―sorry‖ if we interrupt or disa gree (29) someone also helps us to be polite. For example, when we disagree, we should say ―I‘m sorry, but I think you are(30)_ (mistake)‖ rather than ―You‘re wrong!‖

In conclusion, we need to know the custom of a country so that we do not make others embarrassed. It seems that if people learn something about other (31)_ (culture) before they visit new countries, they (32) ( be) less likely to upset others.

(B)

An old friendship had grown cold. Where once there had been closeness, there was only strain. Now pride kept me from picking up the phone.

Then one day I dropped in on another old friend, who‘s had a long career as a minister and counselor. We were seated in his study----surrounded by maybe a thousand books and fell into deep conversation about everything from small computers to the tormented life of Beethoven.

The subject finally turned to friendship and(33)______ perishable it seems to be these days. I mentioned my own experience as an example. ―Relationships are mysteries,‖ my friend said. ―Some endure. (34)______ fall apart.‖

Gazing out his window to the wooded V ermont hills, he pointed toward a neighboring farm, ―Used to be a large barn over there.‖ Next to a red-frame house were the footings of (35)_______ had been a sizable structure.

“It was solidly built, probably in the 1870s. But like so many of the places around here, it went down because people left for richer lands in the Midwest. No one took care of the barn. Its roof needed (36) _______(patch); rainwater got under the eaves and dripped down inside the posts and beams.‖

One day a high wind came along, and the whole barn began to tremble. ―You could hear this creaking, first, like old sailing-ship timbers, and then a sharp series of cracks and a tremendous roaring sound. Suddenly it was a heap of scrap lumber.‖

“After the storm blew over, I went down and saw these beautiful, old oak timbers, solid as could be. I asked the fellow who owns the place what had happened. He said he figured the rainwater(37)_______(settle) in the pinholes, where wooden dowels held the joints together. Once those pins were rotted, there was nothing to link the giant beams together.‖We both gazed down the hill. Now all that was left of the barn was its cellar and its border of lilac shrubs.

My friend said he had turned the incident over and over in his mind, and finally came to recognize some parallels between building a friendship:(38)________ _____ _______ strong you are, how notable your attainments, you have enduring significance only in your relationship to others.

“To make your life a sound structure that will serve others and fulfill your own potential,‖ he said, ―you have to remember that strength, however massive, can‘t endure (39)______ it has the interlocking support of others. G o it alone and you‘ll inevitably tumble.‖

“Relationships have to be cared for,‖ he added, ―like the roof of a barn. Letters unwritten, thanks unsaid, confidences violated, quarrels unsettled-----all this acts like rainwater seeping into the pegs, weakening the link between the beams.‖

My friend shook his head. ―It was(40) _______ good barn. And it would have taken little

to keep it in good repair. Now it will probably never be rebuilt.‖

Later that afternoon I got ready to leave. ―You wouldn‘t like to borrow my phone to make

a call, I don‘t suppose?‖ he asked.

“Yes.‖ I said, ―I think I would. Very much.‖

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

The success of a speech is often attributed to the skill of the speaker, with merit being given to speakers who are confident, articulate, knowledgeable and able to deliver a speech with(41) ______.

But often it is not the speakers who write these moving speeches, it is a speechwriter. And one industry in which this(42) ________ is common is that of politics. So what does it take to be a political speechwriter?

Well according to a recent job advertisement from the US Embassy in Britain, a political speechwriter needs to have exceptional interpersonal skills, be detail oriented and able to (43)________ a deep knowledge of their subject. They must also work closely with speakers and be able to relate to their style.

Some believe that the best speechwriters have an inherent talent, a natural creative(44)________, and that speechwriting is an art form.

So what about those of us who do not possess such genius? Can we still produce successful speeches?

In an interview with the BBC, Dr Max Atkinson (a communications specialist) (45)_________ a number of speechwriting techniques. He also(46) ________ how these techniques have been used in historic speeches.

One such technique is introducing (47) ________. This is extremely useful when presenting a positive(48) ________ on a negative issue. One of the most famous examples of this can be seen in a speech given by former American President John F Kennedy: "Ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country.‖

Another technique is the use of three-part(49) ________. Dr Atkinson explains that this can be an excellent way of adding finality or confirming a statement. Former British Prime Minister Tony Blair was a fan of this technique. One of his most famous campaign (50)_______ was "education, education, education.‖

So next time you have to prepare a speech or presentation, try applying one or more of these techniques and see if you have what it takes to be a winning speechwriter.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why．Do you need it for a (51)_______ reason, such as your job or your studies? (52)_______ perhaps you are interested in the (53)_______ , films or the music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a (54)_______ of the language．

Most people learn best using a variety of (55)_______ , but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people．They (56) _______ an environment where you can practice under the guidance of someone who‘s good at the language．We all lead (57) _______ lives and learning language takes time．You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a (58) _______．It doesn‘t matter if you haven‘t got long．Becoming (59) _______ in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes a lot less．

Many people start learning a language and soon given up．―I‘m too(60) _______ ,‖ they say．Yes, children do learn languages more quickly than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any age．And learning is good for the health of your brain, too．I‘ve also heard people (61) _______ about the mistakes they make when (62) _______ ．Well, relax and laugh about your (63) _______ and you‘re much less likely to make them again．Learning a new language is never(64) _______ ．But with some work and devotion, you‘ll make progress．And you‘ll be(65) _______ by the positive reaction of some people when you say

just a few words in their won language．Good luck!

51．A．technical B．political C．practical D．physical

52．A．After B．So C．Though D．Or

53．A．literature B．transport C．agriculture D．medicine

54．A．view B．knowledge C．form D．database

55．A．paintings B．regulations C．methods D．computers

56．A．protect B．change C．respect D．provide

57．A．busy B．happy C．simple D．normal

58．A．theory B．business C．routine D．project

59．A．bored B．fluent C．interested D．devoted

60．A．old B．nervous C．weak D．tired

61．A．worry B．hesitate C．think D．quarrel

62．A．singing B．working C．bargaining D．learning

63．A．progress B．mistakes C．cleverness D．clumsiness

64．A．tiresome B．hard C．interesting D．easy

65．A．blamed B．amazed C．interrupted D．informed

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Tens of thousands of ancient pictures carved into the rocks at one of France‘s most important tourist sites are being gradually destroyed. Scientists and researchers fear that the 36,000 drawings on rocks in Mont Bego in the French Alps are being damaged so rapidly that they will not survive for future generations.

The mountain, believed to have once been a site for prayer, is scattered (散布) with 4,000-year-old drawings cut into bare rock. They include pictures of cows with horns, cultivated fields (耕地) and various gods and goddesses. But as the popularity of the site increases, the pictures are being ruined by thoughtless graffiti (涂鸦).

Jean Clottes is the chairman of the International Comm ittee on Rock Art. He says, ―People

think that because the pictures have been there so long they will always continue to be there. But if the damage continues at this rate there will be nothing left in 50 years.‖

He describes seeing tourists stamping on the drawings, wearing away the rock and definition (清晰) of the artwork as they do so. Some visitors, he says, even cut off parts to take home as souvenirs. ―When people think they can‘t take a good enough photograph, they rub the drawings to get a clearer pi cture,‖ he said. ―The drawings are polished by the weather, and if the sun is shining and the visitors can‘t see them properly they simply rub them to make them look fresher.‖ Other researchers describe how people arrive carrying long sticks with sharp ends to scratch (刮) their own drawings, or even their names, in the rocks.

But experts are divided over the best way to preserve the drawings. Henry de Lumley, director of the Museum of Natural History in Paris, believes that the only way to save the site is to turn the whole mountain into a ―no-go‖ area, preventing the public from going there except on guided tours. Otherwise, he says, not only will the site be completely destroyed but important research work will be reduced.

Clottes disagrees, ―The measure s uggested by Henry de Lumley is the most severe, and while it is the most effective, it is also certain to bring about protests from people who live there,‖ he said. ―The site was classified as a historic monument years ago by the Ministry of Culture, and w e must do as much as possible to save what is there.‖

David Lavergne, the regional architect, also wants to avoid closing the site. ―Henry de Lumley‘s idea isn‘t ideal,‖ he said. ―Our department feels that the best solution is to let people look at the site, but because the area is very big it is difficult to prevent visitors from damaging it.

I would prefer that everyone was able to look at it, but the main problem is money. We do not have the funds to employ the necessary number of guards. We may have to consider charging a fee. It doesn‘t seem to be possible to get the government support.‖

In Nice, Annie Echassoux, who also worked on researching the site, is alarmed that as the mountain becomes easier to reach —tourists can now avoid the three-and-a-half-hour walk by hiring vehicles — the damage will increase rapidly. She thinks that the only solution is to rope off the area and provide guides. ―You can‘t say the plan can‘t go ahead because there is no money,‖ she said. ―That is not good enough. Money mus t be provided because the Ministry of Culture has classified this area as a historic site. If we don‘t take steps, we will be responsible for losing the

drawings for the next generation.‖

66．Jean Clottes says that people who visit the mountain____.

A. do not believe the drawings are old.

B. believe they are allowed to paint there

C. think the drawings should be left alone

D. think the drawings will not disappear 67．According to Jean Clottes, some of the visitors to the area have____.

A. helped to clean the drawings

B. taken bits of the rock home

C. been unable to take photographs

D. misunderstood what the pictures mean 68．Henry de Lumley is eager to ____.

A. set up research projects

B. protect public rights

C. keep out individual visitors

D. ban traffic in the area

69．This passage has been written about Mont Bego to ____.

A. advertise the closing of the site

B. warn visitors about the dangers of the site

C. encourage scientists to visit the site

D. describe fears for the future of the site

(B)

You use her as a shoulder to cry on. She texts you back with casual jokes. But she, Xiaoice, is only a virtual chatbot.

Xiaoice, Microsoft's latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014, and returnen to WeChat in 2015, where she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily, The New York Times reported. On WeChat, Xiaoice is an official account. After following it, users can start text-based conversations with Xiaoice.

"Her incredible learning ability was why people loved to talk with Xiaoice," Liu Jinchang, a researcher at High-tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science and Technology, told China Daily. Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis（表情符号）m conversations, Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting with users, China Daily reported.

Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the US. Driven by top tech companies, they are becoming smarter and more common. For instance, IBM's latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant at Australia's Deakin University, answering students' questions about course schedules and financial aid. Apple's Siri and Amazon's Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users.

These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms, The New York Times pointed out. However, it may take decades before scientists develop a "Samantha", the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film Her. In the film, Samantha sparks a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix. Many viewers were

enthusiastic about this fan tasy of virtual soul mates.

70.What does the underlined part in paragraph two mean?

A. She became a best seller.

B. She became very powerful.

C. She became a money maker.

D. She became very popular.

71.Which of the following can Xiaoice do?

A. Do housework.

B. Spread messages.

C. Identify various photos.

D. Read news to its users.

72.Which company's chatbot program can act as an academic consultant?

A. Microsoft.

B. IBM.

C. Apple.

D. Amazon.

73.What can be learned from the last paragraph?

A. Chatbots mainly run on smartphones now.

B. It'll take decades to apply chatbots to cars.

C. Samantha is played by a US actor in the film.

D. The film Her doesn't interest many audience.

(C)

In Britain and other countries，young people sometimes take a―gap year‖，a year off between high school and college．This idea never gained a big following in America．Recent news reports have suggested that interest may be growing，though there are no official numbers．Charles Deacon,．Dean of Admissions at Georgetown University in Washington，D．C．，estimates that in the current first-year class of 1,600 students，only about 25 decided to take a year off．He says this number hasn‘t changed much over the years．

Mr．Deacon says the most common reason for taking a―gap year‖is to have a chance to travel，but he says international students may take a―gap year‖to meet requirements at home for military duty．

Some high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education，but it can also give students a chance to explore their interests．Students hoping to be doctors，for example，could learn about the profession by volunteering in a hospital．Many colleges and universities support gap-year projects by permitting students to delay their admission．Expels say students can grow emotionally and intellectually as they work at something they enjoy．

The Harvard admissions office has a n essay on its Web site called―Time Out or Bum Out for the Next Generation．‘‘It praises the idea of taking time off to step back，think and enjoy gaining life experiences outside the pressure of studies．It also notes that students are sometimes admitted

to Harvard or other colleges partly because they did something unusual with that time．Of course，a gap year is not for everyone．Students might miss their friends who go on directly to college，and parents might worry that their children will decide not to go to college once they take time off．Another concern is money．A year off，away from home，can be costly．Holly Bull‘s job is to specialize in helping students plan their gap year．She notes that several books have been written about this subject．She says these books along with media attention and the availability of information on the Internet have increased interest in the idea of a year off, and she points out that many gap-year programs cost far less than a year of college．

74．What is the passage mainly about?

A．It is likely that taking a―gap year‖is becoming popular in America．

B．More and more American students are choosing to take a year off．

C．If you want to go to an American university, take a gap year first．

D．Americans hold different opinions towards students‘taking a―gap year‖．

75．How many reasons for students‘ taking a―gap year‖are mentioned in the passage?

A．2．B．3．C．4．D．5．

76．The essay―Time Out or Bum Out for the Next Generation．‖suggests that______．A．every student must take a―gap year‖before applying for a famous university

B．some famous universities encourage students to gain more life experiences

C．taking a?gap year‘Can make students free from life learning

D．the stress of studies does harm to the students‘ health

77．What can we learn from the passage?

A．Charles Deacon doesn‘t support the idea of the students‘taking a―gap year‖

B．Parents might disagree with the program，concerned about their children‘s future.

C．Books and media have contributed to the students‘interest in school learning.

D．Experts agree taking a year off will benefit the students emotionally and physically. Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before．But some recent studies on people in their

golden years are disturbing: they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure．That‘s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.

Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue (疲劳) in people after they got tired while they were still employed.

The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years．They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement．The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.

Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work．The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions (养老金) that French workers enjoy．Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries.

―The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important,‖ Westerlund says．―We do n‘t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement．But no matter what the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won‘t see the improvements we did.‖

However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees‘ health after they leave their jobs－with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work．(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.) 78．According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other diseases like __________.

79．Westerlund‘s group found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both _______________.

80．What does the word ―improvements‖ in paragraph 5 refer to? ______________________ 81．Retirement may make people happier with ________________.

第II卷（共47分）

I. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1. 现在人们越来越关注青少年的心理健康。（pay）

2. 据文献记载，这个地区历史上发生过多次大的地震。（occur）

3. 网民们都希望每年“双十一”之后能更方便地享受网店的优质服务。（access）

4. 迄今虽说屡屡采取严控措施，就是工资收入较高的人仍然觉得难以承担目前的高房价。

5. 旅游业飞速发展时，只有把游客的利益放在首位，旅行社才能吸引并留住游客。（Only）II. Guided Writing

Directions:Write an English composition in 120–150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

近年来，各地媒体不断推出各种选秀节目，电视选秀非常流行，同时不少年轻人，甚至高中生也参加了这类节目。请以“电视选秀节目(TV talent show)之利弊”为主题，用英文写一篇120个词左右的短文。要点如下：

1、简述电视选秀节目的现状；

2、你对选秀节目利弊的看法并说明你的理由。

2016上海市高考压轴卷

参考答案

【答案】

25.examines

26.better

27.that

28.Saying

29.with

30.mistaken

31.cultures

32.will be

【解析】

试题分析：文章主要讲解了如何使我们的话更有礼貌。

25.examines 考查动词。It做主语，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，故填examines。

26.better考查比较级。根据后面rather than可知此处需用good的比较级形式better，说明说Would you do this?‖ 要比―Do this!‖好得多，故选better。

27.that考查关系代词。That在此处引导主语从句，故填that。

28.Saying考查现在分词。现在分词位于句首表示主动关系，故填Saying。

29.with考查介词。Disagree with sth.表示“不同意某事”，固定搭配。故填with。

30.mistaken考查形容词。形容词mistaken用来修饰主语you，但是我觉得你错了，故填mistaken。

31.cultures考查名词。此处culture应该用复数表示“其他国家的文化”，故填cultures。

32.will be考查将来时。此处if引导条件句，主句需要用一般将来时，表示“他们将更不可能惹怒别人”，故填will be。

考点：考查上下文分析和词汇的掌握。

33．how【解析】句意：最后，话题又转到友谊上，谈到现在的友情似乎很容易变质，我举例提到了自己的经历。用how修饰perishable。

34．Others【解析】句意：关系是神秘的，有些能耐久，有些却易破裂。和some搭配用others。 35．what【解析】句意：我看到，在一栋红木屋旁，有一个原来是庞大建筑物的地基。用what引导宾语从句。

36．patching【解析】句意：它的屋顶需要修补。need doing―需要被……‖，是动名词主动表示被动的用法。

37．had settled【解析】句意：他说他发现了雨水已经渗进了有木钉固定连接的针孔里了。settle这个动作发生在said前面，用过去完成时。

38．no matter how【解析】句意：不论你是多么强大，不论你的成就多么辉煌，只有在与他人交往的过程中，你才有长久的价值。no matter how+形容词…，引导让步状语从句。

39．unless【解析】句意：必须记住，没有他人的支持，不论你的力量多么强大，也不可能持久。unless―除非‖，引导条件状语从句。

40．a【解析】句意：朋友摇了摇头，说：―这是一座好谷仓，只要好好维护，不需要花多少精力就能保存下来。‖barn是可数名词，这里是泛指，故用不定冠词―a‖。

【备注】文章探讨了关于友谊的话题，好的友谊需要好好的维护。

评分标准：

1. 25—40题，每小题1分。

2. 拼写错误扣1分。

3. 第36题，两空格只写正确一空扣1分

41-50 HJKAC GIEFD

评分标准：

41—50题，每小题1分。

Sections A

【试题解析】本文为一篇议论文。文章就学习一门语言的原因、方法以及语言学习与年龄、犯错误之间的关系等进行了讨论。

51．根据本空额接下来的such as your job or your studies是对填空部分的列举，据此可知答案为C项。句意：你需要学一门语言是因为某一实际的原因，诸如求职或求学吗？practical 实际的。

52．本题考查过渡性词语，应着重分析上下文之间的逻辑关系。句意：或许你对另外一个国家的文学、电影、音乐感兴趣，而且你知道掌握该语言将会有很大的帮助。本段讨论的是学习语言的原因，上句和本句分别给出了一种原因，显然两句之间为并列关系。or perhaps或许。故选D项。

53．根据语境可知，所填词语与接下来的films or music 并列，被of a different country 修饰，films or music 为文艺方面，故选A项。

54．view观点，看法；knowledge知识，掌握；form形式，表格，形状；database数据库。have a knowledge of掌握，了解，熟知。故选B项。

55．本句为本段的主题句。上一段讨论了学习语言的原因，本段讨论的是学习方法。故选C 项。句意：大多数人使用各种不同的方法学得很好，但对许多人来说，传统的课堂是理想的开始。

56．根据空格后的内容an environment where．．．可知，此处应该表示―提供‖(provide)一个环

境。句意为―它们(传统的课堂)可以提供一种环境：你可以在一个精通该语言的人的指导下练习‖。故选D项。

57．接下来讨论的是学习一门语言需要大量的时间，故选A项。句意：我们都生活得很忙碌，但学习一门语言需要时间。

58．根据前半句中的regularly可知应选C项。句意：如果定期学习，你会获得更多的成功，所以要努力养成习惯。routine例行公事；日常工作；常规，惯例。

59．句意：要学到流利的程度需要数年的时间，但只要求说得过去，时间则可以少得多。but 表示转折，前一句说的是需要很多时间，后一句自然说相反的情况。故选B项。

60．根据接下来的children和adults可知，本段讨论的是学习语言与年龄之间的关系。故选A项。句意：许多人开始学习语言，但很快就放弃了。他们会说―我年龄太大了‖。

61．根据常识可知，学习一种语言的时候，人们一般都担心犯错误。worry about担心，故选A项。hesitate about对……犹豫不决；think about考虑；quarrel about就……争吵。62．本文讨论的是学习语言的事情。when learning＝when they are learning a language。故选D项。

63．本句为一特殊句型，―祈使句＋and＋陈述句‖，该结构相当于一个含有条件状语从句的主从复合句，祈使句表示的是一个条件。句意：放松心态，自嘲自己的错误，这样你再次犯错的可能性就大减。故选B项。

64．根据上下文的信息可锁定本句句意。本句为第四段的首句，起着承上启下的作用，是对上文的总结。上文讨论学习语言的诸多困难，然后通过But with some work and devotion，you‘ll make progress．话锋一转，讨论学习语言的收获。故选D项。

65．通过上句可知，话题转移到讨论学习语言给你的收获——你说上几句他们自己的语言，一些人的积极反应就会让你―惊奇‖。故选B项。

答案：51-55．CDABC 56-60．DACBA 61-65．ADBDB

评分标准：

51—65题，每小题1分。

Sections B

【答案】

66.D 67.B 68.C 69.D

【解析】考点：考查科普类短文阅读。

试题分析: 现代人的游览观光时的不文明、无意识的行为对岩石上的壁画造成了极大的困

扰和破坏。法国的科研人员担心，照目前的情况，下一代很可能看不到这种壁画了。

66.D 细节理解题。由“He says, ―People think that because the pictures have been there so long they will always continue to be there.”可知，人们认为这些图画在这里这么长时间了，以后还会一直在这里的。故选D。

67.B 细节理解题。由“Some visitors, he says, even cut off parts to take home as souvenirs.”可知，有些游客甚至把岩石的一部分带回了家。故选B。

68.C 细节理解题。由“Henry de Lumley, director of the Museum of Natural History in Paris, believes that the only way to save the site is to turn the whole mountain into a ―no-go‖ area, preventing the public from going there except on guided tours.”可知，亨利认为应该把整座山认定为禁止进入的地区，除了导游团，所以他反对个人游客。故选C。

69.D 主旨大意题。文章写了法国蒙特贝格地区岩石画像的破坏现状，并对此表示担忧，还引述了许多专家的不同观点。因此是为了讲述这一地区的未来的担忧。故选D。

【答案】

70.D 71.C 72.B 73.A

【解析】考点：考查说明文阅读

试题分析:本文人工智能程序的发展情况，列举了微信上的聊天程序大受欢迎，IBM的人工智能程序能成为顾问，但是目前这种程序主要应用在智能手机上，人们期待它将来可以在手机以外的地使用。

70.D 推理判断题。根据she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily可知，她在微信上大受欢迎，很多中国人都喜欢与她聊天，故选D。

71.C 细节理解题。根据her ability to identify photos and send emojis可知，她有能力分辨照片和发送表情符号，故选C。

72. B 细节理解题。根据IBM's latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant可知，IBM的最新人工智能程序可以作为学术顾问，故选B。

73.A 推理判断题。根据These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms,可知，人们期待这些程序出了智能手机之外，也能应用在电视，汽车，起居室等地，所以目前是主要应用在智能手机上，故选A。

【答案】

74.A 75.C 76.B 77.B

【解析】考点：社会现象类阅读。

试题分析: 文章讲述越来越多的美国学生选择take a gap year这样一种受教育方式。即休学一年，周游世界或做自己喜欢做的事情。

74.A 考查主旨大意。文章讲述越来越多的美国学生选择take a gap year这样一种受教育方式。即休学一年，周游世界或做自己喜欢做的事情，故选A项。

75.C 考查细节理解题。结合第三段和第四段可知有四种原因，分别是to travel,to meet requirements at home for military duty, to recover after twelve years of required education, to explore their interests，故选C项。

76.B 考查推理判断题。根据第六段提到It also notes that students are sometimes admitted to Harvard or other colleges partly because they did something unusual with that time在这一年的空档期，他们做过一些非同寻常的事情，可知一些著名大学鼓励学生更多地去体验生活，故选B项。

77.B 考查推理判断题。根据登第二段可知父母对这种计划很担忧，认为会耽误孩子的前程，故选B项。

评分标准：66—77题，每小题2分。

78.heart disease and high blood pressure

79.mentally and physically

80.The decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms.

81.more of a financial safety net

评分标准：

1. 78—81题，每小题2分。

2. 内容正确，语法正确，得2分。

3. 内容正确，语法虽有错误，但不影响理解，得2分。

4. 内容正确，语法重大错误，影响部分理解，得1分。

5. 第78题，内容缺失，即只回答出一部分（heart disease或high blood pressure）扣1分。

6. 第79题内容缺失，即只回答出一部分mentally 或physically扣1分。

7.第80题，内容缺失，即只回答出一部分（The decrease in fatigue 或depressive symptoms.）扣1分。

8. 第81题，回答内容不完整（more of 或a financial safety net）扣1分。

9. 即使语法正确，但是内容错误，扣2分。

10.答案超过规定字数8词，扣2分。

中译英

(4分)1. 现在人们越来越关注青少年的心理健康。（pay）

Now more and more people pay more and more attention to teenagers‘ mental health. (4分)2. 据文献记载，这个地区历史上发生过多次大的地震。（occur）

It is recorded in the document that a lot of severe earthquakes occurred in this area in history.

(4分)3. 网民们都希望每年“双十一”之后能更方便地享受网店的优质服务。（access）Netizens all hope that they can have easier access to the quality service of online shops after November 11th, every year.

(5分)4. 迄今虽说屡屡采取严控措施，就是工资收入较高的人仍然觉得难以承担目前的高房价。(though)

Though severe / strict control measures have been taken repeatedly / again and again by now / up to now, even those with high income still feel / find it difficult / hard to afford the current high housing prices.

(5分)5. 旅游业飞速发展时，只有把游客的利益放在首位，旅行社才能吸引并留住游客。（Only）

Only by putting the interest of customers in the first place can a travel agency attract and hold/keep tourists when tourism is developing at great speed.

英语作文（参考）

With different media across China coming up with various shows, TV talent show has grown in popularity in recent years. Meanwhile, it is not uncommon to see many young people, even high school students, attend these shows.

As far as I am concerned, TV talent show is like a double-edged sword, which can do us both good and harm. On the one hand, these shows can provide precious opportunities for the young to express themselves and to perform their talents of singing, dancing and so on. On the other hand,

they may also mislead the youth and make them believe that they can make easy money or become famous overnight, ignoring the fact of ―No pains, no gains.‖

Therefore, it is of vital importance for us, especially young people and their parents, to think twice before attending them.

评分标准：

1、本题总分为25分，其中内容10分，语言10分，组织结构5分。

2、评分时应注意的主要方面：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性以及上下文的

连贯性。

3、评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定所属档次，然后对照相应的组织结构档次给予加分。

其中，内容和语言两部分相加，得15分或以上者，可考虑加4-5分，15分以下者只能考虑加

0、1、2、3分。

4、词数少于70，总分最多不超过10分。

各档次给分要求：

内容部分

A．内容充实，主题突出，详略得当。

B．内容较充实，能表达出作文要求。

C．内容基本充实，尚能表达出作文要求。

D．漏掉或未能写清楚主要内容，有些内容与主题无关。

E．明显遗漏主要内容，严重离题。

语言部分

A．具有很好的语言表达能力，语法结构正确或有些小错误，主要因为使用了较复杂结构或词汇所致。

B．具有较强的语言表达能力，语法结构和词汇的应用基本正确，错误主要因为尝试较复杂

结构或词汇所致。

C．有一些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。

D．语法结构与词汇错误较多，影响了对内容的理解。

E．语法结构与词汇的错误很多，影响了对内容的理解。

组织结构部分

A．自然地使用了语句间的连接成分，全文流畅结构紧凑。句子结构多样，词汇丰富。B．能使用语句间连接成分，全文流畅结构紧凑。句子结构多样，词汇较丰富。

C．能使用简单的语句间连接成分，全文内容连贯。句子结构有一定的变化，词汇使用得当。

D．尚能使用语句间连接成分，语言连贯性较差，句子结构单调，词汇贫乏。

E．缺乏语句间的连接成分，语言不连贯。词不达意。

整体作文分类得分

A类20—25分

B类16—19分

C类12—15分

D类7— 11分

E类 4 — 6 分

2016年上海市高考英语试卷及答案

2016年上海市高考英语试卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．It is satisfactory． B．It is luxurious． C．It is old﹣fashioned． D．It is disappointing． 2．（1分）A．On August 5th． B．On August 6th． C．On August 7th． D．On August 8th． 3．（1分）A．A waiter． B．A butcher． C．A porter． D．A farmer． 4．（1分）A．In a theatre． B．In a library． C．In a booking office． D．In a furniture store． 5．（1分）A．She expected to a better show． B．She could hardly find her seat． C．She wasn't interested in the show． D．She didn't get a favourable seat． 6．（1分）A．The woman often eats out for breakfast．

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上海高考英语试题 集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）

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