名词--2018年中考英语试题归类

2018年中考英语试题归类---名词解析

一、句意选词

1.（山东东营）

---Let’s see what food you’ve got for dinner.

---Look, we have mutton, fish, eggs, tomatoes and _______.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ec5990722.html,k

B.bread

C.coffee

D.juice

【答案】B.

【解析】句意：“咱们看看晚餐吃什么。瞧，我们吃羊肉、鱼肉、鸡蛋和面包”。Milk牛奶，coffee咖啡，bread面包，juice果汁。根据上一句Let’s see what you’ve got for dinner可知，此处表示吃的东西，而milk, coffee和jiuice都是喝的东西，因此，应选bread（面包）。

2.（山东东营）----Hi, Li Mei. How is your new school ?

----Fantastic! We can choose the courses according to our ______. I love operas , so I took the Beijing Opera class.

A.grades

B.talents

C.interests

D.experiences

【答案】C。

【解析】句意：嗨，李雷，你的新学校怎样？好极了。我们可以根据我们的爱好选择课程。

我热爱戏剧，所以，我选了京剧。grades分数，talents才能，interests兴趣，experiences经历。根据I love operas, so I took the Beijing Opera class可知，love（热爱）属于兴趣，故选C。

3.（山东东营）---An American boy made a wheelchair for his wounded goldfish.

----Well done! Animals deserve（应该得到）love and good ______ as humans.

A.life

B.chance

C.luck

D.environment

【答案】A。

【解析】句意：一位美国男孩为他受伤的金鱼制作了一个轮椅。干得好！动物应该得到和人

类一样的爱和生活。Life生活，chance机会，luck幸运，environment环境。根据Animals deserve love and good_____as humans可知，这里指跟人类一样的生活，故选A。

4.（重庆A卷）---I have a bad cold.

---Sorry to hear that. You’d better go to see a _____ at once.

A.doctor

B.cook

C.writer

D.farmer

【答案】A。

【解析】句意：我患了重感冒。很难过听到这消息。你最好马上去看医生。Doctor医生，cook 厨师，writer作家，farmer农民。根据上文I have a bad cold可知，应去看的是医生。

5.（连云港）National Treasure quickly rose to the top television rating ranks after it was presented on CCTV.

It means a growing ______ in traditional culture among China’s youth.

A.interest B．direction C．habit D．dream

【答案】A.

【解析】句意：“国宝档案”在中烟电视台播放后，收视率迅速上升到首位。这意味着在中国

的年轻人中，对传统文化的兴趣正在上升。Interst兴趣，direction方向，habit习惯,dream梦想。根据第二句中的traditional culture（传统文化）可知，应选interest（兴趣）。

6.（山西）Reading the first ______of each paragraph before you read the whole text help you get

the main idea quickly.

A.letter

B.word

C.sentence

【答案】C.

【解析】句意：在你阅读全文之前，首先阅读每段的第一个句子，有助于你迅速获得全文中

心意思。Letter 字母、信件，word词汇，sentence句子。根据常识可知，这里指的是每一段

的第一个句子，故选sentence（句子）。

7.（湖北孝感）----Which should we start with ,Water World or Space World ?

-----Either is OK. It makes no _____ to me.

A.mistake

B.promise

C.difference

D.decision

【答案】C。

【解析】句意：我们从哪一处开始，水上世界还是太空世界？随便从哪开始都可以。这对我

而言没啥不一样。mistake错误，promise诺言，difference区别，decision决定。格局第二句Either is OK（二者中任一开始都可以）可知，应选difference（区别）。

8.（湖北武汉）--- Kate, I' m going shopping. Anything to buy for you?

---Yes, that will save me a_____.

A hand B. trip C. visit D.bill

【答案】D。

【解析】句意：凯特，我要去购物，需要我给买东西吗？是的，这可以替我省一笔钱呢。

Hand手，trip旅行，visit参观、访问，bill费用。根据上文可知，这里省的是费用，故选bill。

9.（湖北黄冈）---- I'm thirsty, Mom. I'd like something to drink.

---- We only have some _______ in the fridge.

A.Oranges

B. ice-cream

C. juice

D. cheese

【答案】C。

【解析】句意：——妈妈，我渴了。我想要些喝的东西。——在冰箱里，我们只有一些果汁。oranges桔子；ice-cream冰淇淋；juice果汁；cheese奶酪。根据I'd like something to drink可知此处表示要些喝的东西，故用juice“果汁”。故选C。

10.（湖北宜昌）----The best ______ to come to Yichang is spring.

----I think so. The green water and green mountains are unforgettable

A.environment

B. journey

C. temperature

D. season

【答案】D。

【解析】句意：到宜昌的最佳季节是春季。我也是这样看的。绿的水和绿的山令人难忘。Environment环境，journey长途旅行，temperature温度，season季节.根据上文可知，这里应

选season（季节）。

11.（湖北襄阳）---Mom. I’m thirteen now, Can I ride a bike to school?

---Yes, you can. But you must follow the traffic on the way.

A.rules

B. plans

C. safety

D. accident

【答案】A。

【解析】妈妈，我已经13岁了。我可以骑自行车去学校吗？可以，但是在路途中，你必须

遵守交通规则。Rules规则,plans 计划，safety安全，accident事故。根据上文的Can I ride a bike to school 可知，这里指的是交通规则，故选rules。

12.（河北）Did you hear the ________? A scientist will visit our school.

A. advice

B. news

C. praise

D. choice

【答案】B.

【解析】句意：你听见了这消息了吗？一位科学家将访问我校。Advice建议、劝告，news 消息，praise赞扬、称赞，choice选择。根据A scientist will visit our school可知，应选news。

13.（天津）Her smile made me feel warm and lively. It was like a hidden_______.

A. competition

B. interview

C. treasure

D. tradition

【答案】C。

【解析】句意：她的微笑使我感到温暖和充满活力。这微笑就像一份珍藏的财富。Competition 比赛、竞争，interview采访，treasure财富、财宝，tradition传统。根据句意，应选treasure。

14.（江苏扬州）The Queqiao satellite(卫星) will form a bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon.

A. contribution

B. communication

C. celebration

D. competition

【答案】B。

【解析】句意：鹊桥卫星将在地球和月球远地之间形成一座通讯桥梁。Contribution贡献,communication通讯，celebration庆祝，competition竞争。根据句意，应选communication。

15.（浙江温州）---What was the _______ of the football match last night?

--- AC Milan won the game.

A.value

B. result

C. choice

D. decision

【答案】B。

【解析】句意：昨晚的足球比赛结果怎样？AC米兰赢了。Value价值，result结果，choice 选择，decision决定。根据AC Milan won the game 可知，赢选result。

16.（山东潍坊）The Three Gorges Dam produces _____ for millions of people in China.

A.electricity

B.influence

C. transport

D.technology

【答案】A。

【解析】句意：三峡电站为数百万的中国人生产了电。electricity电，influence影响，transport 交通运输，technology技术。根据句意，应选electricity。

17.（山东青岛)Could you please put some _____ in my cup ? I’d like sweet coffee.

A.sugar

B.salt C,ice D.pepper

【答案】A。

【解析】请往我的杯子里加一些糖，我要甜咖啡。sugar糖，salt盐，ice冰,pepper胡椒。根据I’d like sweet coffee可知，应选sugar。

18.（福建A卷）----I don’t know how to use the

App Fun Dubbing.

----Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of in doing it.

A.experience

B. trouble

C. courage

【答案】A。

【解析】我不知道怎样使用APP Fun Dubbing。问一问吉米，他有做这方面的经验。Experience 经验，trouble麻烦、烦恼，courage勇气。根据句意，向选experience。

19.（湖北恩施）. -- My dear, you have made _______ in your English this term. Well done!

-- Thank you, mum. I will keep on working hard.

A.a progress

B. progress

C. progresses

【答案】B。

【解析】句意：宝贝，本期你的英语取得了进步，干得好！谢谢妈，我会继续努力的。Progress 为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故选B。

20.（安徽）－What is the ______ of your excellent spoken English?

－Practice makes perfect!

A.result

B. influence

C. duty

D. secret

【答案】D。

【解析】句意：你那出色的英语口语的秘诀是什么呢？熟能生巧。result结果，influence 影响，duty值日，secret秘密、秘诀.根据Practice makes perfect可知，应选secret。

21.（江西）I live near a big _______. It gets very noisy on match days.

A. hospital

B. store

C. bank

D. playground

【答案】D。

【解析】句意：我居住在一个大操场附近。在比赛日子里，很吵闹。Hospital医院，store百货店，bank银行,playground操场。根据It’s gets very noisy on match days可知，应选playground。

22.（感悟武威）In every ______ there has to be some give-and-take.

A. friendship

B. instrument

C. attention

D. blackboard

【答案】A。

【解析】句意：在每份友谊中，一定有取舍。Friendship友谊，instrument说明，attention态

度，blackboard黑板.根据句意，应选friendship。

23.（江苏宿迁）Wu Wei, a young artist, has received high_________ from the art community for this sculptures

A .pride B. praise C. promise D. progress

【答案】B。

【解析】句意：武威，一位年轻的艺术家，收到了来自艺术协会对他的雕塑作品的高度赞扬。pride骄傲，praise赞扬，promise诺言、许诺，progress进步。根据句意，应选praise。

24.（河南）---It’s useless to regret what has been done. Don’t make those mistakes again.

----I won’t. That’s a(n)______.

A.order

B.decision

C.promise

D.agreement

【答案】C。

【解析】句意：对做过的事情感到后悔没用的，别再犯那些错误，我不会的，这是我的承诺。order命令，decision决定，promise承诺，agreement同意。根据句意，应选promise。

25.（四川达州）.-----What do you think of The Belt and the Road Initiative（一带一路倡议）？

----Great. It will help China improve the _____ with those related countries.

A.relationship

B.agreement

C.environment

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ec5990722.html,rmation

【答案】A。

【解析】句意：你觉得一带一路怎么样？太好了。它将会帮助中国改进那些与它建立外交关

系国家的关系。relationship关系，agreement同意，environment环境，information信息.根据句意，应选relationship。

26.（广东深圳）----Mr. Li, I feel a little nervous before the coming exam.

----You'd better take a _______ from studies and relax yourself.

A.rest

B. breath

C. walk

【答案】A。

【解析】句意：李老师，我对即将到来的考试感到有一点紧张。你最好放下学习，休息一下，让自己放松放松。rest休息，breath呼吸，walk散步、行走。根据句意，应选rest。

27.（广东深圳）---I’m looking forward to the final of the 2018 World Cup.

---Me too. I hope the German team will be the_____ .It’s my favorite.

A.player

B. winner

C. loser

【答案】B。

【解析】句意：我盼望着2018年的世界杯决赛。我也是，我希望德国队会成为获胜者。德

国队是我最喜欢的球队。player运动员，winner获胜者，loser失败者。根据句意，应选winner。

28.（广东深圳）----Simon always reads for half an hour before bedtime every day.

______. Reading makes a full man.

----That’s good

A.dream

B. wish

C. habit

【答案】C。

【解析】句意：西蒙在就寝之前总要看半小时的书。那是一种好习惯。阅读使人充实。Dream 理想，wish愿望，habit习惯。根据句意，应选habit。

29.(内蒙呼和浩特)—It’ s Mr Zhang’s new movie．But I think it’s more meaningful than his others．

— I agree with you．His latest movie has come to his highest ．A．spirits B．standard C．treasure D．development

【答案】D。

【解析】句意：它张老师的新影片。但是我认为这部影片比他的其他影片更具有意义。我赞

同你的说法。他最后的一部影片已经达到了他的巅峰。spirit精神，standard标准，treasure 财富、财宝，development发展。根据句意，应选development。

30.（海南）David likes taking photos, so his father bought him a last week.

A. camera

B. dictionary

C. bicycle

【答案】A。

【解析】句意:大卫喜欢摄影，所以他父亲上周为他买一台相机。camera相机，dictionary词典，bicycle自行车. 根据David likes taking photos可知，应选camera。

31.（江苏连云港）National Treasure quickly rose to the top television rating ranks after it was presented on CCTV. It means a growing in traditional culture among China’s youth. A. interest B. direction C. habit D. dream

【答案】A。

【解析】句意：“国宝档案”在中烟电视台播放后，收视率迅速上升到首位。这意味着在中国

的年轻人中，对传统文化的兴趣正在上升。Interst兴趣，direction方向，habit习惯,dream梦想。根据第二句中的traditional culture（传统文化）可知，应选interest（兴趣）。

32.（哈尔滨）_____ is the largest city with a population of more than four million people in Australia.

A .London B. Sydney C. Paris

【答案】B。

【解析】句意：悉尼是澳大利亚人口超过四百万的大城市。London伦敦，是英国的首都，Paris巴黎，是法国的首都，它们都不属于澳大利亚，故选B。

33.（江苏盐城）Please give me some ______ on how to spend the coming weekend.

A. space

B. advice

C. praise

D. courage

【答案】B。

【解析】句意：怎样度过即将到来的周末，请给我一些建议。space空间，advice建议、劝告，praise赞扬、称赞，courage勇气。根据句意，应选advice。

34.（江苏南京）-- Do you have this T-shirt in a small_______?

----I'm afraid not. It only comes in medium.

A.size

B. colour

C. material

D. taste

【答案】A。

【解析】句意：你有小号的这款T恤吗？恐怕没有了，这款只进了中号的。size尺寸、型号，color 颜色，material材质，taste口味、味道.根据下文中的It only comes in medium可知，应选size。

35.（山东滨州）—More and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera.

an important part of Chinese .

true. It’ｓ

—That’ｓ

A.culture

B. invention

C. custom

D. influence

【答案】A。

【解析】句意：越来越多的外国人对京剧感兴趣了。那到时真的。京剧是中国文化的一个重

要组成部分。Culture文化，invention发明,custom 风俗，influence影响。根据句意，应选culture。

36.（黑龙江绥化）Can you give me some_ __________,please?

A. message

B. suggestion C .advice

【答案】C。

【解析】句意：你能给我一些建议吗？Message信息，suggestion建议，advice建议、劝告.因为message和suggestion是可数名词，受some修饰时，应使用复数形式。而advice为不可数名词，可以直接受some修饰。故选C。

二、名词单复数

1.（哈尔滨）----Alice, which season do you like best?

----Autumn. The fallen _______ are like a thick blanket on the ground. What beautiful scenery it is!

A.leaf

B. leafs

C. leaves

【答案】C。

【解析】句意：爱丽斯，你最喜欢哪个季节？秋季。落叶就像一张厚厚的毯子铺在大地上。

多美的景色啊！以--f或fe结尾的单数名词，变成复数时，--f或--fe变成--ves，故leaf（树叶）的复数形式为leaves。

2.（四川眉山）—How many_______doctors are there in your hospital, David?

—_______them _______over one hundred.

A. woman,The number of, is

B.women,A number of, are

B.woman,A number of, are D.women,The number of, is

【答案】D。

【解析】句意：大卫，你们医院有多少女医生？女医生人数有一百多位。man或woman作名词定语时，应与被修饰的名词在数上保持一致。“A number of +复数名词或宾格人称代词”表示“许多的……”，而“the number of +复数名词或宾格人称代词”表示“……的数量”，

根据题意，应选D。

3.（四川凉山）Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three and four .

A. German, American

B. Germans. American

C. Germans. Americans

D. German, Americans

【答案】C。

【解析】句意：上周许多外国人来到我们学校，起皱包括3名德国人和4名美国人。German 的复数形式为Germans，而American的复数为Americans，所以选 C.

三、名词所有格

1.（重庆B卷）---How far is it from Chongqing to Guiyang?

----It’s a

bout two _______ ride by high--speed train.

A.hour

B.hour’s

C.hours

D.hours’

【答案】D。

【解析】句意：从重庆到贵阳有多远？坐高铁大约两小时的路程。表示时间的复数名词所有格，通常加“s ‘”来表示，two hours的名词所有格为two hours’。所以选D。

2.（贵州安顺）--Excuse me! Is this new house?

--Yes, it’ｓ.The parents of them bought it last September.

them

theirs B. Lucy’s and Lily’s;

A. Lucy and Lily’s;

them

; theirs D. Lucy and Lily’s;

C. Lucy’s and Lily’ｓ

【答案】A。

【解析】句意：打扰一下，这视露西和莉莉的房间吗？是的，是他们俩的房间。他们父母去

年九月买的。Lucy and Lily’s表示“露西和莉莉共同的”，Lucy’s and Lily’s 表示“露西的和莉莉的”，根据句意这房间属于露西和莉莉共同所有的，故第一空选Lucy and Lily’s .第二空表示房间是她们的，故应使用名词性物主代词，而不是人称代词，所以，正确答案是A。

四、名词短语

（湖北宜昌）-----The population of the poor is getting smaller and smaller.

------________ the government, their living conditions have improved.

A. As for

B. Thanks to

C. As a result of

D. Thanks for

【答案】B。

【解析】句意：平穷人口正越来越小。由于政府的帮助，他们的生活条件已经得到了改善。

As for至于，thanks to由于、因为，as a result of 结果，thanks for因……而感谢。根据上文The population of the poor is getting smaller and smaller可知，这视由于政府的原因，所以，选thanks to 。

2017中考英语真题分类汇编名词

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