《英语翻译基础》考研真题与典型题详解-4.3 汉译英典型题详解【圣才出品】

4.3 汉译英典型题详解

根据考试大纲要求以及各院校《英语翻译基础》历年考试真题，本部分精心整理了多篇汉译英练习及参考译文。这些文章内容新颖，语言地道，涵盖了政治、经济、文化、法律以及环保、科普、旅游、社会热点等多方面题材。练习时可灵活运用本书前面介绍的翻译技巧，从而提高翻译实战能力。

【政治类】

题1

我们必须抓住新的机遇，迎接新的挑战，采取更加有力的措施，以更为积极的姿态扩大对外开放，力争对外贸易和吸收外资有新的增长。要继续实行以质取胜和市场多元化战略，贯彻落实各项鼓励出口的政策，努力扩大出口。

首先要积极调整出口商品结构，进一步扩大机电产品出口，加快纺织、服装、轻工等传统出口商品升级换代，提高高新技术产品的出口比重，扩大农产品出口。

其次是积极开拓国际市场，特别要大力拓展非洲、拉美、东欧等新兴市场，积极发展与周边国家及发展中国家的经贸关系。鼓励国内有比较优势的企业到境外投资办厂，开展加工贸易和资源开发等项目。继续发展对外承包工程和劳务合作。

参考译文：

We must seize the new opportunities to meet new challenges. By taking more effective measures and being more active in opening to the outside world, we will strive to expand our foreign trade and absorb more foreign capital. We must continue the strategy of winning through superior quality and achieving a

diversified market/a multi-outlet market and we must also implement export-stimulating policies so as to expand exports.

First of all, it is imperative to adjust the export product mix: We must expand exports of electromechanical products, speed up the upgrading of such traditional commodities as textiles, garments and other light industrial products, increase the proportion of the exports of high and new technology products, and boost exports of farm produce.

Secondly, we must actively explore international markets, especially new markets in Africa, Latin America and East Europe as well as develop economic with neighboring countries and developing countries. Chinese enterprises with a competitive superiority should be encouraged to invest abroad to found factories, engage in processing trade, develop resources, etc. We must also continue to develop contracted projects overseas and labor-export service.

题2

建立和健全社会保障体系，关系到改革、发展、稳定的全局，意义重大，刻不容缓，必须切实抓紧抓好。

当前，中国要在保证国有企业下岗职工基本生活费用津贴和城镇居民最低生活津贴的基础上，推进改革，逐步形成有中国特色的社会保障体系。在这同时，要进一步办好国有企业再就业服务中心。企业再就业服务中心要向下岗职工按时足额发放基本生活费，并代他们缴纳社会保险金。对确有困难的中西部地区和老工业基地，中央财政将继续给予支持。

不过，各地领导部门要引导职工转变择业观念，努力开拓就业门路，搞好职业培训，使

更多的下岗职工尽早实现再就业。各级政府要通力合作，加强督促检查，保证各项再就业政策落实到位。

参考译文：

Establishment and improvement of a social security system has an important bearing on the overall situation of reform, development and stability. Therefore the issue permits no delay and must be handled properly.

At present China must promote the reform to gradually set up a Chinese-type social security system on the basis of a guarantee of the basic cost-of-living allowance for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises and the minimum living allowance for urban residents. Meanwhile, we should improve the reemployment centers of state-owned enterprises. The centers should provide laid-off workers with basic living allowance in full and on time and pay the social security premiums for them. In the case of the enterprises of western and central China and old industrial bases that are in real financial difficulties, the central government will continue to offer financial help.

However, leaders in various localities should guide staff and workers in changing their idea of employment, trying to find more channels leading to employment and doing a good job of vocational training so as to help more laid-off workers to be re-employed as early as possible. Governments at all levels must make concerted efforts to strengthen their supervision to ensure the reemployment policies are properly implemented.

题3

我们要鼓励和引导有条件的企业实现主辅分离，转岗分流安置富余人员，创办独立核算、自负盈亏的经济实体。在做好上述工作的同时，我们要积极推进改革，逐步形成独立于企业事业单位之外、资金来源多渠道、管理服务社会化的、有中国特色的社会保障体系。

为了实现这一目标，我们必须首先依法扩大社会保险的覆盖面，并把保险费征缴率提高到适当的水平。城镇地区要强制推行以养老、失业、医疗为重点的社会保险，还要采取各种措施，开辟新的筹资渠道，补充社会保障基金。

其次，我们必须完善失业保险制度，加快劳动力市场建设，逐步使下岗职工由企业再就业服务中心保障基本生活，转向享受失业保险，走向劳动力市场就业。

参考译文：

Where possible, we must encourage and advise enterprises to achieve the following objectives: separating their main business activities from subsidiary ones, redirecting surplus labor within the enterprises, establishing economic entities that have independent accounting and are responsible for their own profits and losses. While performing those tasks, we must press ahead with the reform in establishing a Chinese-type social security system that is independent of the enterprises and institutions, has a variety of fund sources, and is administered by a social institution .

To realize this goal, we must first, according to law, enlarge the coverage of the social insurance and raise the insurance premium rate to a proper level. In urban areas social insurance focusing on endowment, unemployment and medical insurance must be made mandatory. Also, measures must be taken to open up new

funding channels to supplement the social security fund.

Secondly, we must improve the unemployment insurance system and accelerate the development of the labor market, so that the basic living costs of the laid-off workers will be shifted from the reemployment centers of their original enterprises to the unemployment insurance, or they may find new jobs through the labor market.

题4

中国具有五千年悠久历史。中华民族繁衍生息在中国这块土地上，各民族相互融合，具有强大的凝聚力，形成了崇尚统一、维护统一的价值观念。

在漫长的历史过程中，中国虽然经历过改朝换代、政权更迭，出现过地方割据，遭遇过外敌入侵，特别是近代史上曾饱受外国列强的侵略和瓜分，但统一始终是中国历史发展的主流，每一次分裂之后都复归统一，并又都赢来了国家政治、经济、文化、科技的快速发展。

台湾同胞具有光荣的爱国主义传统，在反抗外国侵略台湾的斗争中建立了卓越的功勋。中华人民共和国诞生后，中国人民倍加珍视得来不易的民族独立，坚决捍卫国家主权和领土完整，并为实现祖国的完全统一而努力奋斗。

参考译文：

China has a long history of 5000 years. On this land the Chinese people have been living and multiplying all the time and the various nationalities have been integrating with each other. Thus, among them a great cohesion has been forged, which advocates the concepts of admiration for and maintenance of unity.

Throughout the long history, China did experience changes of dynasties,

transfers of governments, local separatist regimes, foreign invasions, and especially the aggression and dismemberment by foreign powers in modern history. Nevertheless, unity has always represented the main developmental trend in Chinese history . After each division, China invariably resumed its unity, which, in turn , promoted the country’s rapid development in politics, economy, culture, science and technology.

Our compatriots in Taiwan have a glorious tradition of patriotism, and have made excellent contributions. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China cherished their hard-won national independence. They are determined to safeguard state sovereignty and territorial integrity and fight hard (resolutely) for [complete] reunification of the motherland.

题5

中国五千年的历史和文化深深地在中国人的心中根植了一种强烈的民族意识，这就是中国必须统一。中国政府对于国际社会普遍奉行一个中国政策表示赞赏。我们一贯认为，联合国的所有成员国，都应遵守《联合国宪章》的宗旨、原则及有关联合国决议，不以任何方式支持台湾加入联合国及只能由主权国家参加的其他国际组织。

凡是与中国建交的国家，都应本着互相尊重主权和领土完整、互不干涉内政的原则，不以任何形式或借口向台湾出售武器，或帮助台湾生产武器。

中国政府希望国际社会始终如一地奉行一个中国政策，希望美国政府切实履行中美三个联合公报关于台湾问题的各项原则和自己做出的坚持一个中国政策的庄严承诺。

参考译文：

统考大学英语B英译汉题库

统考大学英语B英译汉 题库 Document number【SA80SAB-SAA9SYT-SAATC-SA6UT-SA18】

2017年9月统考大学英语B英译汉题库（201709） 复习建议：本部分考6小题，每题5分，共30分。基本都是复习资料原题，对于基础好的同学，建议自己尝试翻译，然后背答案；对于基础差的同学，根据原句中的简单单词，把单词背过，再背答案。所有句子必须背过，重中之重！！！ 阅卷方式：本部分采取人工阅卷方式，没有标准答案，翻译句中任何一个单词正确会给0.5-1分，整句意思正确，会给满分。遇到复习资料中的原题，直接将背过的答案写上；遇到没见过的试题，则认识一个单词就写一个单词的意思，千万不要空着！ 1. As is known to all, China is the largest developing country in the world today. 众所周知，中国式当今世界上最大的发展中国家 2. The friend saw everything but did not say a single word. 这位朋友看到了一切，却一言不发。 3. They thought that there must be something wrong with their TV set.他们认为电视机一定出了毛病了。 4. You and your team can discover the answers to problems together.你和你的团队能够一起找到问题的答案。 5. Life is meaningless without a purpose. 没有目标的生活是毫无意义的。 6. He didn't need to attend the meeting. 他没必要参加那个会议。 7. I read the local newspapers with great interest every evening. 我每晚怀着极大的兴趣读当地的报纸。 8. He prefers coffee to tea. 与茶相比，他更喜欢咖啡。 9. Our textbooks are very different from theirs. 我们的教材与他们的教材很不一样。 10. Are you fond of music? 你喜欢音乐吗？ 11. You’d better do that again.你最好再做一遍。 12. What kind of life do most people enjoy? 大多数人喜欢什么样的生活？ 13. This box can hold more books than that one. 这个箱子比那个箱子能装更多的书。 14. Both Ann and Mary are suitable for the job. 安妮和玛丽都适合干这个工作。 15. I hurried to my office. 我匆忙赶到了办公室。 16. I slept soundly all night. 我整夜睡得很熟。 17. Have you seen Tom recently? 最近你看到汤姆了吗？

英译汉历年真题翻译

英译汉历年真题全文翻译 1994年真题参考译文 新学派科学家们认为，在扩大科学知识范围的过程中，技术是一股被忽视了的力量(71)他们认为，科学之所以向前发展，与其说是因为天才伟人的真知灼见，还不如说是因为像改进了的技术和工具之类更为普遍的东西。(72)一位新学派的领袖人物坚持说，简言之，所谓的科学革命主要是指一系列工具的改进、发明和使用；这一系列工具的改进、发明和使用在无数个方面拓展了科学的领域。(73)多年来，工具和技术本身作为根本性革新的源泉在很大程度上被历史学家和思想家们所忽视了。肯定技术的现代派认为，诸如伽利略、牛顿、麦克斯韦、爱因斯坦这样的著名科学大师以及像爱迪生这样的发明家都十分重视各种不同的、可用于科学实验的工艺信息和技术装置并从中获益匪浅，提倡肯定技术、否定天才的论点之核心是对伽利略在科学革命的初期所起作用的分析。当时人们对天体的认识源于公元二世纪时的天文学家托勒密。他认为，在复杂的天体系统中所有的天体都围绕着地球运动。(74)伽利略最伟大的成就在于，在l 609年他是第一个用新发明的望远镜来观察天空的人，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。但故事中真正的英雄，新学派科学家们认为，是改进制作眼镜的机器的漫长过程。 联邦政府的政策不可避免地卷入了这场“技术”对“天才”之争。(75)政府是应该以牺牲技术作为代价来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这常常取决于人们把哪一个看作驱动力量。

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英语汉译英翻译

Unit 1 1.餐饮行业与电影行业的共同之处在于其小型企业的失败率很高。 The restaurant industry has one thing in common with the film industry: the high failure rate among its small business. 2.他的伟大在于他具有非凡的能力，集科学家和实业家的品质于一身。 His greatness lies in his outstanding ability to connect the qualities of a scientist with those of an industrialist. 3.像工作单位取代居住地一样，我们的种族身份已被职业身份所取代。这一现象在流动作业的行业中表现得尤为明显。 We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with workplace, which is quite obvious among the mobile professions. 4.显然，任何一家大公司的老板都不可能事事亲力亲为，需要找一些方法把他们的理念传达给他人。 Plainly, in any large enterprise the boss cannot be directly involved in everything, and some means have to be found to transfer his belief to others. 5.没有任何人愿意再过那种自己无法控制、要别人认可、任人摆布的日子了。No one was willing to experience the feeling of being out of control and dependent on someone else’s approval, at someone else’s mercy. 6.人们渴望一种成就感，渴望有能力凭自己的手、自己的脑、自己的意志办成事情。 The human being longs for a sense of accomplishment, and being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind and with his will. 7.政府希望通过大量出售资产来弥补损失。 The government hopes that the sale of a chunk of its assets will help make up for its lose. 8.现代社会里人们的身份更多地由他们所从事的职业，而不是他们所生活的社区来界定。

历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案

历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案 原文： 越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。 这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。 译文： An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage. 解析： 本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。总体难度一般，以句号结束的句子即可作为一

统考英语B-英译汉(题库)220-9

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