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英语翻译 翻译技巧(常用句型)

英语翻译 翻译技巧(常用句型)
英语翻译 翻译技巧(常用句型)

二、翻译技巧常用句式的翻译方法1、强调句2、否定句3、虚拟语气4、成语习语5、其它动词形式1、强调句的译法英语的句子可利用不同的语法手法来强调其中的某个成分,从而构成了强调句。强调的方法有三种。(1)用do 来强调的语句可把do 译为“确实”、“一定”、“必须”等词,以加强语气。Examples: 1. These bacteria are too small to be seen, but they do exist. 这些细菌小得看不见,但它们确实存在。2. This reaction did take place. 这种反应确实发生了。3. They do represent extreme cases. 它们确实代表特殊情况。(2)It (was)…that(which,who)

强调的句型用强调句型“It is(was)…that(which,who)…”可以强调主语、宾语、状语。对于强调句,在译文里可用“正是”一类的字眼来强调有关成分。整个句子应当顺译,但在强调宾语时也可以倒译。a. 强调主语1. It is shallow people who judge by appearances. 浅薄之人,以貌取人。2. It is not helps but obstacles that makes a man. 使人成才的,不是助力而是阻力。(或)造就一个人,不是扶助他,而是磨难他。b. 强调宾语1. It was John with whom he first came into contact. 他首先是与约翰取得联系的。2. It was a bouquet of roses that was left to us. 留给我们的是一束玫瑰。3. It is this molecular motion that we call heat. 正是这种分子运动我们称之为热。c. 强调状语1. It was not until evening that we learned the unhappy news. 直到晚上,我们才得知这不幸的消息。2. It was here that he told me what had happened two years ago. 就是在这里他向我讲述了两年前发生的事情。3. It is from radio that the subject of electronics was born, which brought such great changes to the technology of today. 电子这门学科正是从无线电产生的,它为现代技术带来了如此巨大的变化。(3)利用倒装结构表示强调英语句子的倒装结构主要出于上下文或预期上的需要,以使说话或文章中心突出有力。谚语一般不用倒装结构,所以英译汉时常需作适当的改变。用倒装语序构成的强调句在翻译时要根据情况作不同的处理。但不是所有的倒装语序都一定要译成强调句。翻译这类强调句时,一般采用顺译法即可表到强调意味,有时也用语气词“就”、“也”等字来表示强调。a. 状语在句首,包括某些状语从句。1. Much as he likes physics, he likes mathematics better. 虽然他很喜欢物理,但更喜欢数学。2. So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. 光的运行速度如此之快,我们都很难想象。b. 地点副词移到句首的句子1. Here come the bus! 2. There goes the bell. 3. Down came the hammer and out flow the sparks. 铁锤一落,火星四射。c. 程度副词置于句首的句子1. Only after they had performed hundreds of experiments did they succeed in solving the problem. 只有在做了几百次实验之后,他们才把这一问题解决了。2. Hence comes the name magnet. 由此得出磁铁这个名称。d. 时间副词置

于句首的句子1. Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。2. Then began our new lesson. 于是我们开始上新课。e. 语气副词置于句首的句子1. No defects did we find in these parts. 在这些零件里,我们没发现什么瑕疵。2. Scarcely did they speak about the difficulties in their work. 他们很少谈到自己工作中的困难。此外,在比较状语从句或方式状语从句采用倒装语序的强调句中,译成汉语时和原文使用的自然语序相同。如:The melting point of copper is not so high as (is) that of iron. 铜的熔点没有铁的熔点高。从句为倒装语序,省略is 后为自然语序。2、否定句的译法英语的否定形式是一个常见而又比较复杂的问题,使用非常灵活、微妙,被认为是英语的特点之一。在表达否定概念时,英语在用词、语法和逻辑等方面与汉语有很大不同。因此才翻译英语否定句型时,必须细心揣摩,真正彻底理解其意义及否定重点,然后根据汉语的习惯进行翻译。某些否定句犹如陷阱,一定要慎之又慎。The English language has its peculiarities in negation. Of course, English-speaking people have their own way of thinking in the negation and of expressing negative implications, quite different from ours. What is affirmative in form in English may often mean something negative in Chinese, and vice versa. Whether sentences in English are to be turned to negative or affirmative requires careful consideration. As other languages, English has many ways to express negative meanings. We’ll have a better command of English and do a better job in translation if we do not neglect the difference between English and Chinese negation. (1)、全部否定(Full Negation) 全部否定指意义上的彻底否定,无任何肯定余地。全部否定句可以由never, no, not, none, nobody, nothing, neither…nor 等否定词构成。这类句子可以直接译成全部否定句。Examples: 1. Never touch a switch when your hands are wet. 2. No transistor in the box is out of order. 3. None of these substances are good conductors. 1、严禁用湿手触碰开关。2、盒子里的晶体管没有一个是坏的。3、这些物质都不是良导体。Phrases used in negation: none other than, by no means, not in the least, etc. 1.The new arrival was none other than the president. 2. He is by no means stupid. 3. He is not in the least angry with me. 刚进来的人不是别人正是总统。他一点都不笨。他一点都没生我的气。(2)部分否定( Partial Negation) 部分否定指不完全否定,其中的否定因素也带有一定程度的不否定因素。部分否定的概念是由几种不定代词之一与“not ”搭配而成。部分否定在结构上不易判明,翻译时必须特别注意。a. not every(=some “不是每个”)1. Every electric motor here is not new. 这儿的电动机并不是每台都是新的。2. Every student can not do the experiment well. 并非每个学生都能做好实验。b. not all(=some “不全是”)1. All the students are not diligent. 不是所有的学生都用功。2. I can not remember all

these formulas. 这些公式我并不全都记得。c. not both(=one “两个不都”)1. Both of the substances do not dissolve in water. 不是两种物质都溶于水。2. Both of the answers are not right. 两种答案并非都不对。d. not many(=a few (“不多”,

“少数几个”)1. Not many of the things are of use in form in which they are found. 不是许多东西在刚发现时就是有用的。2. Not many of us can understand this idea. 并非我们中的许多人都能理解这一观点。e. Not always(=sometimes

“不总是”,“有时”)Friction is not always useless, in certain cases it becomes a helpful necessity. 摩擦并不总是无用的,在否写情况下它是有益的、必需的。(3)双重否定(Double Negation) 双重否定即否定之否定。如果一句话中有两个否定词,而且从意义上互相抵消,构成双重否定,与汉语中的“无比称道”“座无虚席”“未尝不可”“非公莫入”相似。翻译双重否定句时,可保持双重否定形式,也可译成肯定形式,根据汉语习惯而定。Examples: 1. Without substance, there could be no world. 没有物质就没有世界。2. He is not incompetent for learning foreign language well. 他不是没有能力学好外语。3. There is no rule that has no exceptions. 任何规则都有例外。4. It is not rarely that he gets angry. 他经常发脾气。5. Those two girls never chat together without teasing each other. 那两个女孩在一起聊天总是互相逗乐。(4)形式否定句英语中有的否定词与其它词连用形成一种固定结构,这种结构形式上是否定的,但语义上表示对事物的否定达到极端程度,接近于否定的否定,实际上是肯定的意思。如:1. There is nothing like mineral water to quench one’s thirst. 矿泉水是解渴的最好饮料。2. We cannot be too careful in doing experiments. 做实验越仔细越好。3. It is impossible to overestimate the value of the invention. 这项发明的价值去论怎样估计也不会太高。(5)含蓄否定句英语里有些词或词组形式上是肯定的,但意义往往是否定的。由这类词和词组表达的否定成为含蓄否定或意义否定。汉译时,要把否定的意义明确译出。动词短语:常见的有:fail to do, lack, refuse, stop, protect…from The specification lacks details. 这份说明书不够详尽。名词:常见的有:neglect, absence, loss, exclusion A few instruments are in a state of neglect. 一些仪器处于无人管理状态。形容词:常见的有:free from, ignorant of, short of, last, little, few Japan is the last country to invent radar, but England. 发明雷达的国家绝不是日本,而是英国。介词或介词短语:常见的有:beyond, above, beneath, beside, instead of The problem is beyond the reach of my understanding. 这个问题我无法解决。(6)否定成分的转移英语中的否定,既是否定句中的一部分,如主语、谓语、宾语、定语或状语,也可以是否定复合句中的主句。翻译时,不一定按英语的否定重点原封不动的译成汉语,而应根据汉语的表达习惯作必要的

转换。a. 否定主语转换为否定谓语Without fuel and steel, there would be no modern industry. 没有燃料和钢,就不会有现代工业。The experiment on the transformation of energy shows that no energy can be created and none destroyed. 能量转换的试验说明了能量既不能创造也不能消灭。b. 否定谓语转换为否定状语He is not studying in the university. 他不在这所大学读书。Noise did not disappear as we had expected. 噪声并没有象我们所预期的那样消失。c. 否定宾语转换为否

英语翻译常用句型

翻译中常见的句型 1.否定句型 1)部分否定。其否定意义只局限于整体中的一部分。其形式:“概括词all, every等+not+谓语动词”。常用于该句型词:all, both, everybody, everywhere, always, altogether, entirely, wholly等。 All is not gold that glitters. I do not wholly agree. 2) 完全否定。其形式:no, none 等否定词+肯定式谓语。常用于该句型词:no, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, never, neither, nowhere, nowise, 等。还有一种句型:all等概括词+肯定式谓语+否定意义的词。 No words can describe the scene. 任何言词均不能描绘那景色。 All his plan came to nothing. 3)双重否定 a.主语+cannot+ help/refrain/keep + from + v-ing He could not help showing his pleasure.他不由得喜形于色。 b.主语+cannot+ but/choose but/ help but +do They can not choose but admit that they are wrong. c.(there be) not +主语+but+谓语 (There is )Nobody but has his faults. 人人都有缺点。 2.判断句型 1)强调判断句 a.主语+be+ no/none +other than/but +表语(强调内容) The tall figure that I saw was none other than our commander. b.主语+be+ nothing+(else)but/ else than/ less than+ 表语 Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.天才只不过是劳动加勤奋而已。 c.it is/was +强调部分+that/ who +从句 It is I who am to blame. 2) 正反判断句 a.主语+be +not+表语a, but +表语b What I admire in Columbus is not his discovered a world, but his having gone to search for it on the faith of an opinion. b.(it is) not… that(who) …, but…that (who) Not that we are afraid of them, but that they are afraid of us. 3)比较判断句: a.主语+be less+表语a +than表语b / more+表语b+表语a Experience shows that success is due less to abilities than to zeal. b.主语+be+表语b+ rather than+表语a He is an artist rather than a philosopher. c.主语+be+ not so much +表语a+ as+表语b It is so much advice as approval that he seeks. 他寻求的与其说是忠告,不如说是忠告。3.倍数表示句型: a.主语+be+倍数+that of 被比较对象/ as +形容词+as+被比较对象

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His mark in math is second to none in the class. 他的数学分数在班上是名列前茅的。 She is a second Lei Feng.她是雷锋式的人物。 I always believe my sixth sense.我总相信我的直觉。 He talks about you nine times out of ten when we have a chitchat. 每次我们闲聊他几乎都谈及你。 The parson official1y pronounced that they became one.牧师正式宣告他们成婚。 I used to study in France in the year one. 我早年曾在法国学习。 不定冠词a的翻译特点 英语中不定冠词a(an)相当活跃,就连英美的作家有时对它也看法不一。现用实例来说明在翻译中常出现的一些非常规用法。 (1)a day or two(=one or two days)一两天 但前者作主语时,谓语动词用单数、复数均可;后者作主语时,谓语用复数形式。 (2)more than a year一年多的时间(即一年零几个月);比较more than one year不止一年的时间(即两年。三年……)。 (3)a ten years l0年 a dozen times l2次 用在基数词前表示一个数量单位。 (4)once upon a time从前

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英语翻译常考句型详解 1.It is not that…but that… 这不是说…,而是说… 「例文」It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is much finer apparatus and of couse much more accurate in its measurement than the former. 「译文」这并不是说在一种情况下所使用的磅秤和在另一种情况下所使用的天平在构造原理上或工作方式上存在差别,而是说与前者相比,后者是一种更精密得多的装置,因而在计量上必然更加准确。 2.nothing else than 完全是,实在是 「例文」What the man said was nothing else than nonsense. 「译文」那个人讲的话完全是一派胡言。 3.as引导的特殊状语从句,翻译时做定语从句处理。 「例文」We hope the measures to control prices, as they have been taken by the government, will succeed. 「译文」我们希望,政府已经采取的控制物价的措施将取得成功。 4.名词+or+名词结构中,or后的名词是同位语,应译为即…;或者称…. 「例文」Moreover, technology includes techniques , or ways to do things , as well as the manchines that may or may not be necessary to apply them. 「译文」再者,除机器外技术还包括技艺,即制作方法,而运用这些记忆并不一定都需要机器。 5.more…than…结构有三种译法:than连接肯定形式的从句时,该从句译为否定句;在比较的基础上表示选择关系时,可译为与其说…不如说;进行同类比较时,译成比…更. 「例文」The complexity of the human situation and injustice of the social order demand far more fundamental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some politicians are willing to admit in their speeches. 「译文」人类社会形势的复杂性和社会制度的不公正性要求对社会基本结构进行彻底变革,而一些政客口头上是很不愿意承认这一点的。 「分析」这是一个主从复合句,连词than前为主句,than后为从句。虽然本句是进行程度上的比较,但从句意义是否定的, 故译成否定句。 6.no more …than 与not… any more than no more …than 与not… any more than同义,不可简单地看成是more …than的否定形式。具体地说,这一结构可能是带有一定的感情色彩的否定形式,也可能是一种较特殊的类比形式。其翻译方法有二;表示同类否定比较时,可译为不比…更或都…同样不;表示比喻关系时,可译为正如…不,…也不. 「例文」The food on the ship was no better than on any other ship on which Billy had sailed. 「译文」这条船上(供应的)食品并不如比利工作过的其他船上的(食品)好。(括号里的词是可以省略的。) 「分析」这是一个主从复合句、主句是The food …no better , than on any other ship 是省略了比较对象的比较状语从句,从句on which引导的定语从句修饰先行词ship.本句中no more… than用于同类否定的比较,可译为不如…. 7.not so much as与其说…不如说… 「例文」Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. 「译文」新学派科学家说,科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见,不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等等更为普遍的东西。 「分析」这是一个主从复合句。插入语they say是主句,Science moves forward,……and tools是宾语从句。not so much……as 连接的是状语,as引导的状语从句中,由于上下文清楚,主谓语都省略了,即as(sciencemoves forward.)because of……not so much……as也可译为与其说……不如说……,它所表达的逻辑关系和more than有相似之处,也是在比较的基础上进行判断和选择,被比较的事物也同属一个范畴。所不同的是,more……than表示前重后轻的逻辑关系,而not so much… as和less than表示前轻后重的逻辑关系,这两个结构中信息重心落在句尾,因此不必倒过来译,只须按原文的词序顺译即可。

英语翻译常用词组

1. be determined by 由…所决定 2. have something to do with 与…有关 3. be central to sth. 是…的核心 4. in contrast/by contrast与此相反 5. be due to 由于(常做表语) 6. be deprived of 被剥夺 7. respond to 对…作出反应 8. as the basis of 依据/根据 9. be born with 天生具有 10. In contrast 相比之下 11. shut off 关上,停止,切断 12. in any case=at any rate 不管怎样,无论如何; in no case 决不 13. or so 大概,大约 14. at the rate of 以…的速率 15. take time 花费时间 16. be likely to 可能;倾向于 17. result in 导致 18. not nearly 远不能;远非 19. head into走向;陷入(危机) 20. in the matter of 关于;就…而言 21. make…possible 使…成为可能

22. combine…with 把……和…结合起来;加上 23. in the fashion of 以…方式 24. such…as 像…一样 25. refer to…提到;谈到 26. agreement on 一致意见 27. be comparable to 和…相当;犹如 28. in terms of 根据;按照;在…方面 29. on the whole 总体来说;大体上看 30. draw a conclusion 得出结论 31. have the attitude towards 对…的态度 32. only if 只要 33. the same…as 与…一样 34. by lack of=for lack of 因为缺乏 35. nothing but 只不过是 36. by means of 通过;借助于 37. by the help of 通过…的帮助 38. in a sort of sense 从某种意义上来说 39. manage to do sth. 设法做到 40. extract …from 从……提炼出 41. out of…起源;来源;根据 42. build up 建立;树立

(完整版)初中英语常考句型翻译

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常用英语翻译技巧总结

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四六级翻译30个常用句型

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历年考研英语翻译常考词汇汇总

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大学英语四级翻译常考句型短语整理

education 教育 input in education 教育投入 communal participation 社会参与 enhance the moral awareness of 提高……的思想品德 professional ethics 职业道德 credit system 学分制 guarantee job assignments 包分配multidisciplinary 多学科的 key university 重点大学 national expenditure on education 国家教育经费 account for…% 占百分比 intercultural communication 国际文化交流equal stress on integrity and ability 德才兼备 to become educated through independent study 自学成材 compulsory education 普及教育 preschool/elementary/secondary/higher/ education 学前/初等/中等/高等教育 adult education 成人教育 vocational and technical education 职业技术教育 institutions of higher learning 高等学校inservice training course 在职进修班compulsory/optional course 必修/选修课 record of formal schooling 学历 diploma 文凭,学历证明 二、常用句型 1、It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say. 2、强调句型 It is not who rules us that is important , but how he rules us. 3、"All+抽象名词"或"抽象名词+itself"(very+形容词) He was all gentleness to her. 4、利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime a crime. 5、"something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of" "something of"相当于"to some extent",表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中,则为"anything of ",可译为"有点","略微等。""译为毫无","全无"。"much of"译为"大有","not much of"可译为"算不上","称不上","little of"可译为"几乎无"。something like 译为"有点像,略似。" They say that he had no universty education , but he seems to be something of a scholar. 6、同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物,"of"以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语,以修饰"of"后面的那个名词。如"her old sharper of a father",可译为:"她那骗子般的父亲"。 Those pigs of girls eat so much. 7、as…as…can(may)be It is as plain as plain can be. 8、"It is i n(with)…as in(with)"

船舶常用英文翻译

1.All doubling plate with rounded corners.加强板要倒圆角。 2.Tank to be NK coded and stamped for 5.6 Kg/cm-name ofmanufacturer & test data to be stamped on item A1. 水泥罐需NK编码和盖章,制造商名称和检验数据应印在A1上。 3.All seams to be double butt welded except as noted. 所有裂缝要双面对接焊缝,除了注意事 项。 4.Radiograph all necessary welds to obtain 100%/85% joint effeciency. 5.Remove slag& all assembly attachments-grind all sharp edges.清除焊溅物和所有装配附件, 磨光所有锐利边缘。 6.All welds to be smooth—remove all weld spatters. 所有焊缝都要光滑,去除所有焊缝溅污。 7.After fabricated, outside of tank shall be blasted to SA2.5. 制造完后,罐的外部应用SA2.5喷砂。 8.All doubling plates are to haveФ6mm telltale holes. 所有加强板要有Ф6mm 的信号孔。 词汇 Access hatch 人孔 Access ladder 通道竖梯 AHU Air handling unit 空气处理机 Air slide construction 空气气动装置 Air inlet 进气孔 Air compessor 空气压缩机 Air lock 气闸 Anchor windlass 起锚机 Angle steel 角钢/角铁 As per 按照,依据 Ball valve 球阀 Bank’s conversion table 银行的换算表 Bare drum pull 150 tonnes 裸体滚筒拉力150吨 Barge deck 驳船甲板 Baseplate 底板 Bend 弯(管)头 Bend test 冷弯测试 Black steel 碳钢/黑钢 Blind flange 法兰堵头/盲法兰/盲板 Bollard pull 系柱拉力 Bostik 波士胶 Bottom head 下封头 Bottom plate 下封头 Bow thrusters 船首推进器 Bracket 托架 Brake holding 200 tonnes 闸控200吨 Breadth moulded 模具宽度 BSP British Standard Pipe 英国标准管螺纹

英语翻译常用词组汇总[1]

英语翻译常用词组汇总 be free from没有……的,不受……影响be identified as…被认为是… be known as被称做……,以……著称be known to为……所熟知 be popular with…受……欢迎 be prepared for对……做好准备 be regarded as被认为是…,被当做是… be satisfied with对……满意,满足于… be second to…次于… be sick of…对…感到厌倦 be used as…被用做… be used to…习惯于… get used to…习惯于… all of a sudden突然 all the time一直,始终 as a rule通常,照例 as far as...be concerned就...而言as to…至于…,关于… at best充其量,至多 before long 不久以后 beyond question毫无疑问 by all means尽一切办法,务必 every now and then时而,偶尔 in itself本质上,就其本身而言 sooner or later迟早,早晚 abide by… 遵守…,信守… agree with与…相一致同意…

be beneficial to… 有利于…,有益于… turn a blind eye to… 对…视而不见 by leaps and bounds飞速地,突飞猛进地 when it comes to一谈到…,就…而论 disagree with… 与…意见不一致不同意… give an opinion on… 对…发表意见 a dapt oneself to…=adjust oneself to…使自己适应于… attribute…to…把…归因于…,认为…是…的结果comment on…评论… concentrate on/upon…集中注意力于… on the contrary与之相反 convince somebody of something使某人确信某事deprive somebody of something剥夺某人某物 in detail详细地 be equipped with…装备有… in essence本质上 to…extent在…程度上 inform. somebody of something通知某人某事 lie in在于… major in主修… in the light of… 按照…,根据… on account of… 因为…,由于… in addition to… 除…之外 on (the/an) average平均,一般来说 on the basis of… 根据…,在…的基础上 at (the) best充其量,至多 on business因公,因事 in any case无论如何,总之

英汉翻译的基本方法和技巧

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经典的常用英语搭配翻译

经典的常用英语搭配翻译 1.随着经济的繁荣with the bomming of the economy 2. 随着人民生活水平的显著提高with the remarkable improvement of people’s living standard 3. 先进的科学技术advanced science and technology 4. 为我们日常生活增添了情趣add much spice / flavor to our daily life 5. 人们普遍认为It is commonly believed that 6. 我同意前者(后者)观点I give my vote to the former / latter opinion. 7. 引起了广泛的公众关注Sth. has aroused wide public concern. / Sth has drawn great public attention. 8. 不可否认It is undeniable that 9. 热烈的讨论/ 争论a heated discussion / debate 10. 有争议性的问题a controversial issue 11. 就我而言/ 就个人而言As far as I am concerned, / Personally, 12. 有充分的理由支持be supported by sound reasons 13. 双方的论点argument on both sides 14. 发挥日益重要作用play an increasingly important role in 15. 对必不可少be indispensable to 16. 正如谚语所说As the proverb goes: 17. 对产生有利/不利的影响exert positive / negative effects on

英语常用翻译技巧总结

翻译考察三方面内容: 1、专有名词(如operational research expert)、习惯用法(如depend on)及多义词的翻译(如school、set的多义) 2、一般性翻译技巧:包括词义选择,词序调整,词性转换和增词法等等 3、具体句型(定从、状从、主从、宾从、表从、同位从、强调结构、并列、比较、倒装、插入、被动、否定等) 一、常用方法 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异,因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难,需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中,也可以运用于口译过程中,而且应该用得更加熟练。 1. 增译法:指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多,而英语句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外,一般都要根据语境补出主语,使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高,凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时,必须在前面加上物主代词。因此,在汉译英时

需要增补物主代词,而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此,在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外,在翻译时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思的完整。总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。如: (1)What about calling him right away 马上给他打个电话,你觉得如何(增译主语和谓语) (2)If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句) (3) Indeed, the reverse is true 实际情况恰好相反。(增译名词) (4) 就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。 Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.(增译物主代词) (5) 只许州官放火,不许百姓点灯。 While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. (增译连词) (6) 这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。

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