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新初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习附答案

一、选择题

1.—Let's ____________ some salad.

—Sorry, I don't like ____________ .

A.have; them B.to have; it C.have; it D.to have; them 2.There are two________ near our school.

A.shoe shops B.shoes shops C.shoe's shops D.shoes' shops 3.—Do _________ like going to ___________?

—I don’t know.

A.woman teachers, clothes shops B.women teachers, clothes shops C.woman teachers, sport shops D.women teachers, vegetables shops 4.---- _________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing?

--- It’s less than three ___________ flight.

A.How long, hour’s B.How far, hour’s

C.How long, hours’D.How far, hours’

5.—There are beautiful flowers everywhere to celebrate the National Day, and we have —________ holiday. That means we have seven days ________ for this public holiday.

A.a seven-day; off B.a seven-days; away

C.seven-day; over D.a seven-days’; off

6.—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great!

A.three-day; three days B.three- day; three da ys’

C.three days’; three-day D.three days; three days

7.Good food and_______help her_______better.

A.exercise; study B.exercise; studies

C.exercises; studying D.exercises; to study

8.Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A.is; the bike B.are; bikes

C.are; the bike D.is; bikes

9.—What is your _______, Lingling?

—I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night.

A.interests; interesting B.interests; interest

C.interest; interesting D.interesting; interest

10.—What can I do for you?

—Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and .

A.some chickens B.any chicken C.some chicken 11.—Could you please give me ____? —Certainly.

A.some advices B.any advices

C.some advice D.advices

12.-Can I help you?

-Yes. I'd like__________ rice.

A.a small bar of B.a slice of C.a large bag of D.a piece of 13.It's about ten __________ walk from here.

A.minutes' B.minute's C.minutes D.minute of 14.He has over 20 years teaching ________. I bet he is quite________. A.experience; experience B.experience; experienced C.experienced; experience D.experienced; experienced 15.— How _______ is it from Xi'an to Dunhuang? — It's less than 3 _______ flight. A.long; hour's B.far; hour's C.long; hours' D.far, hours' 16.Here__________.You can see me in it.

A.are two photos of my family B.is my family

C.is a photo of my family D.are my family photos

17.I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A.wasn’t used; many B.didn’t use; tons of C.used not; many 18.—The milk shake tastes good .How do you make it?

—It's easy, just follow the_________.

A.discussions B.instructions C.resolutions D.directions 19.Some bananas ______ in the bag. Some mutton ______ on the table.

A.are; are B.is; is C.are; is D.is; are 20.—What would you like for breakfast? —I'd like ________.

A.tomato noodle B.tomato noodles

C.tomatoes noodle D.tomatoes noodles

21.One of the ________ was late for the game yesterday.

A.plays B.player C.playing D.players 22.These aren’t.They’re my brother’s.

A.pen;mine B.pens;mine

C.pen;my D.pens;my

23.Let’s wish the food festival .

A.succeed B.success C.successful

24.A number of________ will take part in the sports meeting and the number of them ________ over 300.

A.students; are B.student; are C.students; is 25.My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious.

A.salad; eggs B.salads; eggs C.salad; eggs D.salads; egg 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——让我们吃点沙拉吧。——不好意思,我不喜欢沙拉。

考查非谓语动词和代词。let sb do sth.让某人做某事,所以have是原形;下面的代词指代的是some salad一些沙拉,不可数名词,所以用it,故选C。

2.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:在我们学校附近有两家鞋店。

考查名词作定语。shoe鞋;shop商店,shoe名词直接修饰shop,构成复合名词“鞋店”,其复数形式直接在shop后加s,由所给空前面的two可知,应该用复数,故选A。

【点睛】

名词作定语的短语变复数时,一般只变化中心词。例如shoe shop鞋店,复数形式是shoe shops。

但当 man和woman作定语修饰名词时,变复数时,需要两个名词都变复数。例如man doctor男医生,复数形式是men doctors;woman cook女厨师,复数形式是women cooks。

3.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——女教师喜欢去服装店吗?——我不知道。

考查名词作定语和名词的数。woman teacher:女老师,复数是women teachers,当man 或woman作定语修饰名词,变为复数时,man或woman与后面的名词同时变为复数,可知排除A和C;clothes shops:服装店;sports shops:体育用品店;vegetable shops:蔬菜店;可知D中的vegetables shops表达错误;故选B。

【点睛】

名词作定语:(1)通常用单数名词定语:a shoe factory;(2)“数词+名词”作定语,其中的名词使用单数:an 11-year-old daughter;(3)man和woman用作名词前作定语时,其单复数形式与所修饰的名词的单复数形式一致:a man doctor,some men doctors;(4)有些名词只有复数形式,用于某种意义时,习惯于用复数,用在定语时,只能用复数:a

sports game,clothes line。

4.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:-从南京到北京有多远?-坐飞机不到三个小时的路程。How long多长时间;How far 多远,提问距离;hour’s小时的;hours’是复数形式的所有格。根据对话的意思可知,这里问的是从南京到北京的距离,应用How far提问,排除A和C。空前有three修饰,故hour 用复数,再变为所有格形式,故应选D。

5.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——到处都有美丽的鲜花来庆祝国庆节,而且我们有七天的假期。——这意味着这个公共假期我们可以休息七天。

考查复合形容词。第一个空,根据题干及选项,可知这里用复合形容词作定语,其构成是:数词+名词(单数)+形容词,并且要用连词符号连接,所以“一个七天假期”应表达为a seven?day holiday;第二个空,have+一段时间+off,表示“休多长时间假期”,是固定词组,“七天的假期”seven days off = seven days’ lea ve.其他的搭配不合理;故答案选A。6.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——凯特,我下周要去广州动物园,因为我有一个三天的假期。——你的意思是你有三天不用上班?噢,太棒了!

考查复合形容词结构。 three-day是复合形容词做前置定语,用连字符连接,当作一个整体形容词,连接后不再加复数,修饰可数名词单数holiday;第二个空have+一段时间+off表示休息几天的假期,off是副词,不需要用连字符形式的形容词修饰,三天时间,three days,故选A。

7.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:好的饮食和锻炼帮助她学习更好。

考查名词辨析及非谓语动词。exercise锻炼,运动,是不可数名词;练习,早操,可数名词。study学习,动词原形;studies第三人称单数形式;studying动名词或现在分词形式;to study动词不定式。根据句意可知,第一个空中的exercise指“锻炼”,是不可数名词,没

有复数形式,先排除C和D;第二个空考查句型help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”,故选A。

8.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这里是一些结果。大多数学生认为自行车比汽车更便宜。

考查主谓一致及名词。第一句话中主语为some of the results,是复数形式,be动词用are,排除A和D;bike自行车,名词,复数形式可以表示类别,与空后的cars相比,故选B。

9.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——玲玲,你的兴趣是什么?——我真的喜欢在晚上读令人感兴趣的故事。

考查可数名词及形容词作定语。interest兴趣;interesting令人感兴趣的。根据答句中“I really enjoy reading _____ stories at nigh t.”可知推出问句问的是兴趣,再由be动词is可知your后接名词单数形式interest;stories前要用形容词作定语,用interesting符合题意。故选C。

10.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——我能为你做什么?——呃,我想要一杯牛奶,一些面包和一些鸡肉。

考查不定代词辨析。some一些,后接复数名词或不可数名词,用于肯定句;any一些,后接复数名词或不可数名词,用于否定句。chicken鸡肉,不可数名词,无复数形式;本句是肯定句,and连接并列结构;根据上文“some b read一些面包”,可知选C。

11.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——请你给我一些建议好吗?——当然。

考查名词单复数。根据动词短语give sb some advice 表示“给某人一些建议”。advice为不可数名词,不需要加s,表示希望得到对方的肯定回答用some。结合句意,故选C。12.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你想买点什么?——是的,我想要一大袋大米。

A. a small bar of.. 一小块……;

B. a slice of一片……;

C. a large bag of…一大袋……;

D. a piece of…表示一片……。rice是大米,这里表示一大袋大米用a large bag of rice来表示。根据题意,故选C。

13.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:它离这大约步行10分钟。

考查名词所有格。minute分钟,根据所给空前面的ten可知,应该用minute的复数形式,排除B和D,由所给空后面的walk可知,应该是10分钟的路程,用名词所有格形式,复数名词的名词所有格,如果名词复数是以s结尾的,直接加’即可,排除C,故选A。14.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:他有二十多年的教学经历,我敢打赌他经验十足。

考查词义辨析。experience 经验,经历,词性是名词和动词;experienced 有经验的;根据题中he has 可知他是拥有什么,需要名词,故填名词experience;根据“he is quite...”可知需要形容词experienced作表语。故选B。

15.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——从西安到敦煌有多远?——不到3个小时的航程。考查特殊疑问词辨析及名词所有格。how long多长,是对长度或一段时间的提问;how far多远,是对两地之间距离的提问。根据答语“不到3个小时的航程。”可知是对两地之间距离的提问,所以用how far,排除A、C选项。第二个空,有前面的3可知应用hour的复数形式hours,设空处修饰后面的名词flight,所以应用hours的所有格形式hours',排除B选项;故答案选D。16.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:这是一张我家的全家福。你可以在照片里面看到我。

考查名词的数。根据后面半句的句意可知,是在给对方看照片,所以能在照片里面看到我,B句意不符;而且由于后面代词it指的是单数,所以前面的照片也是单数,所以A、D 错误,故选C。

17.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我过去在学校不受欢迎,但现在我走到哪里都受到很多关注。

考查used to的否定及修饰不可数名词的词的用法。分析第一处可知,此处表示“过去不”,即used to的否定形式,可用didn’t use to或used not to表示,排除A。many许多,修饰可数名词;tons of许多,即可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。分析第二处可知,此处修饰的是不可数名词attention,所以不能用many修饰。故选B。

【点睛】

used to,翻译为“过去常常”,否定形式可用didn’t use to或used not to表示。

18.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——奶昔的味道很好,你是怎么做的?——这很容易,只要按照操作指南去做。

考查名词辨析。discussions商讨;instructions指示;操作指南;用法说明;resolutions解决;directions方向。根据上句How do you make it?可知是询问制作奶昔的方法,推测答语应是按照操作指南去做。故选B。

19.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:袋子里有一些香蕉。一些羊肉在桌子上。考查系动词辨析题。some一些,后接复数名词或不可数名词。bananas是复数形式,系词需用are;mutton是不可数名词,系词需用is;根据句意语境,可知选D。

20.B

解析:B

【解析】

句意:你早饭想吃什么?——我想吃西红柿面条。本题考查名词。Noodles面条,通常使用复数形式,可排除A、C选项;英语中名词作定语一般使用单数,可排除D选项,故正确答案是B。

点睛:名词作定语,相当于形容词,故只能使用单数。但是man/woman作定语时,其单复数与所修饰词保持一致。Sport作定语时只能使用复数形式。

21.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:昨天一位运动员比赛迟到了。

考查“one of the+名词复数”的用法。plays动词三单;player名词单数;playing动名词;players名词复数。分析句子可知,此处构成“one of the+名词复数”结构,翻译为“……之一”。故选D。

22.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:这些钢笔不是我的。他们是我哥哥的。考查名词的数和代词辨析题。指示代词these 这些,后接复数名词,pen需加复数即pens,可排除AC两个选项。后一空后面没有名词,需用名词性物主代词作表语,my是形容词性物主代词,可排除。根据句意结构,可知选B。

23.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:让我们预祝美食节圆满成功。

考查wish的用法和词意。succeed成功,动词;success成功,名词;successful成功的,形容词。句中的wish后接双宾语表示祝愿。即:wish sb. sth.因此后面应该用名词。故选B。24.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:许多学生将参加运动会,他们的人数超过了300人。

本题考查主谓一致和名词的复数形式。students是复数形式;student是单数形式;are是复数形式;is是第三人称单数形式。a number of“许多”,修饰复数名词,作主语,谓语用复数形式;the number of “……的数量”,修饰复数名词,作主语,谓语用单数形式。故选C。

25.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我姐姐和我喜欢吃两份色拉和一些鸡蛋作为晚餐。它们真的很好吃。

考查名词单复数。salad色拉;egg鸡蛋。分析句意,我和姐姐喜欢晚餐吃两份色拉和一些鸡蛋。第一个空前是two,此处表示份数,所以用复数,第二个空前有some,此处表示完整的蛋,所以也用复数。故选B。

【点睛】

salad既可做物质名词又可做个体名词,当表示物质的时候是不可数的,但表示个体的时候是可数的。egg基本上完好的蛋,称的上可数名词,打碎掉或是蛋内物质,俚语之类,那么就是不可数名词。

初中英语名词知识点

名词的分类:名词分为专有名词和普通名词。 1、专有名词:个人,地方,机构等专有名称,如:China,Shanghai,Lilei等。专有名词的首字母通常要大写。具体说来,它包括人名、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。如:Jim吉姆China中国July七Friday星期五Christmas圣诞节English 英语 2、普通名词:指表示一类人或东西或抽象概念的名词。 1)个体名词:某类人或东西中的个体,如fighter,gun,country,cup,desk,student等。一般可数,有单复数形式。 2)集体名词:若干个体组成的集合体,如family,team,police,class等。一般可数,有单复数形式 3)物质名词:无法分为个体的实物,如cotton,tea,air等。一般不可数,没有单复数之分。 4)抽象名词:动作,状态,品质,感情等抽象概念。如health,happiness,love,work,life 等。一般不可数,没有单复数之分。

名词的所有格: 1、's 所有格: 1)构成: A. 一般词尾+ 's.:the teacher's office, Xiao Li's sister's husband's mother. B. 以s 结尾的复数名词只+"' ": workers' rest room. C. 不以s结尾的复数名词加's: children's toys. D. 复合名词只在最后一个词的后面加's:my sister-in-law's brother. E. 表示共同所有的几个名词,只在最后一个词的后面加's:This is Tom, James and Dick's room. F. 表示各个所有关系的几个名词,在每个名词后分别加's: Jenny's, Jean's and Mary's rooms face to the south. G. 名词短语只在最后一个词后加's:a quarter of an hour's talk. 2)用法: A. 名词所有格主要用于表示有生命的名词,表示所属关系:Lei Feng's dairy. B. 用于表示时间的名词:today's paper. an hour's drive. Friday's work. C. 用于表示地理、国家、城市等名词:the country's plan. the farm's fruit. China's population. D. 用于表示由人组成的集体名词: our party's stand E. 用于表示度量、价值的名词: two dollars' worth of books. a pound's weight. 2、of所有格: 1)凡不能用's 属格的情况可用of 属格表示所属关系: the City of New York. a map of China.

高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1)

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初中英语语法专项名词(讲义) 一、名词(n.)表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词 (一)名词的分类 名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词可用作单数,也可用作复数。可数名词包括个体名词(表示一类人或物的个体。如:boy,desk,cat,window)和集体名词(由若干个体组成的集合体。如:family,class,police)。不可数名词包括物质名词(表示无法分为个体的实物。如:water,paper,silk,money)和抽象名词(表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如:work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework)专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如:Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States)(二)名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种: (1)一般情况下,在词尾加s. ,dog--dogs,pen--pens,boy--boys (2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es. ,brush-brushes,bus-buses,box-boxes(es读音为〔iz〕 (3)以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加e , family--families, (注:以"元音字母+y"结尾的词,直接在词尾加) (4)以元音字母o结尾的名词,变复数时情况如下: ①加,potato-potatoes ②结尾是两个元音字母的加s,,radio--radios ③某些外来词变复数时词尾加s,eg. piano-pianos ④一些名词的缩写形式变复数时,词尾加s, (photograph)--photos,kilo (kilogram)kilos ⑤zero变复数时,既可加s,也可加/zeroes (5)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把f或fe变为v,再加es. ,leaf-leaves,half--halves, knife-knives,thief--thieves(res读音为[vz]妻子骑牛拿起刀, wife--wives; calf---calves; knife----knives; 追得贼狼满街跑, thief---thieves; wolf----wolves 碰倒架子丧己命, shelf---shelves; self---selves; life----lives 手帕树叶半空飘. leaf----leaves half----halves (6)有些名词由单数变复数时,不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换其中的字母。,woman--women,policeman--policemen, Englishman--Englishmen,Frenchman--Frenchmen, foot--feet, tooth--teeth, child--children,mouse-mice,Ox-Oxen(公牛) (7)还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 ,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish works (8)另一些名词本身即是复数形式,不可用作单数。eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes 另外,①当一个名词作定语修饰另一个名词时,这个名词一般用单数。 apple tree,five apple trees, a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister 但是,当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时,就要用其复数形式。 men teachers,three women doctors ②可用"量词+of+名词复数"这一结构表示可数名词的数量。 room Of students,two boxes Of pencils

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【初中英语】名词知识点题型 一、初中英语名词 1.—There are many _____ about this farm. —Yes, lots of _____ are planted on it. A. photo; potato B. photos; potatos C. photos; potatoes D. photoes; potatoes 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:—有许多关于这个农场的照片。—是的,许多的土豆种在农场上。many和lots of修饰可数名词复数,photo 的复数是photos,potato的复数是potatoes,故答案为C。 【点评】考查可数的复数形式。牢记名词的复数的变化规律和一些特殊的名词复数。2.(·鄂州)—The dishes in this restaurant must be very expensive. —Don't worry. You can enjoy yourself. It's my _________. A. time B. treat C. task D. taste 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——餐馆里的菜一定非常贵。——别担心,你可以随便吃,我请客。It's my treat.我请客。故选B。 【点评】考查名词辨析。 3.(?黔南州)—There are a lot of ______ of bike riding. —I agree. It's good for environment and it saves money. A. products B. advantages C. instruments D. instructions 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:-骑车有许多好处。-我同意,对环境有好处而且省钱。A. products产品;B. advantages优点,好处;C. instruments乐器;D. instructions说明。有利于环境及省钱是骑车的优点、好处,故选B。 【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析,以及. products;advantages;instruments;instructions。四个词的词义和用法。 4.(·咸宁)—Tu You you received the Nobel Prize for her ________ of anemisinin(青蒿素).—And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science. A. design B. thought C. invention D. discovery 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:——屠呦呦因为发现了青蒿素获得了诺贝尔奖。——而且她是第一位在科学方面获得诺贝尔奖的中国人。design设计;thought想法;invention发明;discovery发现。因为anemisinin(青蒿素).是原来就存在的,因此是发现了它。故选D。【点评】考查名词辨析,结合语境选择合适的词。

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