2015年12月大学英语四级阅读理解练习

2015年12月大学英语四级阅读理解练习

Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop ---the duration of the fixation ----varies considerably from person to person. It also vaies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.

Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it's one thing to improve a person's ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which

trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.

1. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except ________ .

A. one's familiarity with the text

B. one's purpose in reading

C. the length of a group of words

D. lighting and tiredness

2. The author may believe that reading ______.

A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation

B. requires a reader to see words more quickly

C. demands an deeply-participating mind

D. demands more mind than eyes

3 What does the author mean by saying “but it's one thing to improve a person's ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second parapraph?

A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted.

B. The reading exercises mentioned can't help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words.

C. The reading exercises mentioned can't help to improve an efficient reading.

D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve one's ability to see words.

4. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time.

B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training.

C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading.

D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.

5. The tune of the author in writing this article is ________

A critical

B neutral

C prssimistic

D optimistic

【答案及详解】

答案：CCCDA

解题思路

1 C.事实细节题。第一段提到了影响视幅的因素：不同的人，不同的阅读目的，对材料的熟悉程度，光线，疲劳。C“一组词的长度”不是能影响视幅的因素，是本题的答案。

2 C.观点态度题。作者在第二段第二句提到，眼睛训练课程只注重了阅读的视觉因素。倒数第二句书哦，阅读要求具备理解单词间关系的能力。因此选项C“阅读需要大脑的深度参与”正确。作者没有否定阅读的视觉因素的必要性，但是也没有说读者应该练习拓宽视幅，加快阅读速度。所以AB两项都不正确。作者没有对大脑和眼睛在阅读过程中的重要性进行对比，所以不选D

3 C.作者在这句话中先是肯定了那些阅读练习提高看单词的能力，然后提出了有效阅读概念。后面句中还指出，有效阅读需要的是理解单词间的联系的能力。所以作者的意思应该是那些（训练眼睛的）阅读练习对与有效的阅读无益。B与文章相反。D句是蕴涵其中一个意思，却不是作者想表达的方向。

4 D.第二段最后一句说，眼睛训练对于帮助读者阅读连贯文章无益，所以D是错的，是本题答案。

5 A.参考前面的结构剖析，作者写本文的主要目的是对那些只关注阅读的视觉因素的阅读能力课程进行批判，所以答案应该是A.

Real.time web search—-which scours only the latest updates to services like Twitter—is currently generating quite a buzz because it can provide a glimpse of what people around the

world are thinking or doing at any given moment.Interest in this kind of search is so great that, according to recent leaks, Google is considering buying Twitter.

The latest research from the interact search giant, though, suggests that real—time results could be even more powerful—they may reveal the future as well as the present.

Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian combined data from Google Trends on the popularity of different search terms with models used by economists to predict trends in areas such as travel and home sales.The result?Better forecasts in A.most every case.It works because searches reveal something about people's intentions. Google has demonstrated before that search data can predict flu outbreaks, and last week World Bank economist Erik Feyen said he could cut errors in a model that forecasts lending to the private sector by 15%using Google search data.

But real-time results could have even more predictive power: knowing what people are actually doing, not just thinking, at a particular instant gives a strong hint of the future consequences.

Johan Bollen of Los A.amos NationA. Laboratory and A.berto Pepe of the University of California, Los Angeles, applied a mood rating system to the text from over 10,000 Future Me emails sent in 2006 to gauge people's hopes，fears and predictions for the future.They found that emails directed at 2007 to 2012 were significantly more depressed in tone than messages aimed at the subsequent six years.Could they have predicted the world's current economic slump?

Without more data, that is no more than an intriguing possibility.So Bollen plans to look at more Future Me emails, as well as Twitter messages, to search for mood swings that foreshadow other economic changes.If he finds any such links.the sanle sources might be used to try and predict future economic fluctuations.

So will our online footsteps become a central part of economic forecasting?We'11 have to wait and see 0r perhaps do a quick web search.

61.What is real-time web search.like Twitter?

A.It tells us what people did in past days.

B.It generates quite a buzz in recent days.

C.It provides latest news about everything.

D.It informs what people do in the future.

62.What is the result of research established by Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian?

A.They gain nothing special from the combination of data and models.

B. 11ley indeed reveal something about people's intentions in such areas.

C. They find that the future trends cannot be predicted from the research.

D.They totally understand the future trends of these areas from research.

63.What can we infer from Para.5?

A. It is possible for researchers to get some hints from the Future Me emails.

B. There is no relationship between the depression and economic slump.

C.There is a potential relationship between depression and economic slump.

D.The Future Me emails may indicate people's reaction about future prediction.

64.What's the meaning of“Without more data,that is no more than an intriguing possibility.”?

A. More data are necessary to turn this possibility to be reality.

B.The possibility is just all intriguing possibility without data.

C. No amount of data cannot be a strong proof for the possibility.

D.More data are needed to turn it out to be a pure possibility.

65.What's the attitude of author to real.time search?

A.Negative.

B.Critical.

C.Optimistic.

D.Indifferent.

61.What is real-time web search，like Twitter?

像Twitter一样的实时搜索是什么？

A.It tells us what people did in past days.它能告诉我们人们在过去都做什么。

B.It generates quite a buzz in recent days.它是最近互联网中热门的应用领域。

C.It provides latest news about everything.它能为人们提供一切最为实时的消息。

D.It informs what people do in the future.它能告知我们未来人们都在做什么。

62.What is the result of research established by Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and HA. Varian?

谷歌的研究人员崔元英和哈尔?范里安的研究结果如何？

A.They gain nothing special from the combination of data and models.他们并未从数据和模型中得到任何特殊的信息。

B. They indeed reveal something about people's intentions in such areas.研究人员确实解读到人们的一些意图。

C.They find that the future trends can not be predicted from the research.他们发现有关未来的预测并不能从此得出。

D.They totA.ly understand the future trends ofthese areas from research.他们可以完全得知这些领域未来的发展趋势。

63.What Can we infer from Para.57

我们可以从第五段得出什么？

A.It is possible for researchers to get some hints from the Future Me emails.研究人员可能从这些邮件中得到一些暗示。.

B.There is no relationship between the depression and economic slump.人们的沮丧情绪和经济衰退没有任何关系。

C.There is a potential relationship between depression and economic slump.人们的沮丧情绪和经济衰退有潜在的联系。

D.The FutureMe emails may indicate people's reaction about future prediction.这些邮件表明人们的情绪也许可以预测未来的一些事情。

64.What's the meaning of“Without more data，that is no more than all intriguing possibility.”?

“没有更多的数据，那就只能是一个有趣的可能性”是什么意思？

A.More data are necessary to turn this possibility to be reality.需要更多的数据来证实这一可能性也许就是事实。

B.The possibility isjust all intriguing possibility without data.没有数据，可能性就只能是有趣的可能性。

C.No amount of data cannot be a strong proof for the possibility.再多的数据也不能将可能性变为事实。

D.More data are needed to turn it out to be a pure possibility.需要更多的数据证明那只是一种可能性。

65.What's the attitude ofauthor to real-time search?

作者对于实时搜索持何种态度？

A.Negative.消极的。

B.Critical.批评的。

C.Optimistic.乐观的。

D.Indifferent.漠不关心的。

Until the 1980s, the American homeless population comprised mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U. S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient（变

化无常的）and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems — both legal and educational — for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.

Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis, But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.

One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the "throwaway" youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.

Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.

1. It is implied in the first paragraph that ____.

A) the writer himself is homeless, even in his eighties

B) many older homeless residents are going on strike in 25 cities

C) there is a serious shortage of academic facilities

D) homeless children are denied the opportunity of receiving free education

2. The National Coalition for the homeless believes that the number of homeless children is _____.

A) 350,000

B) 1,500,000

C) 440,000

D) 110,000

3. One part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate. The reason might well be ____.

A) the homeless children are too young to be counted as children

B) the homeless population is growing rapidly

C) the homeless children usually stay outside school

D) some homeless children are deserted by their families

4. The McKinney Act is mentioned in this passage in order to show that ___.

A) the educational problems of homeless children are being recognized

B) the estimates on homeless children are hard to determine

C) the address of grade-school children should be located

D) all homeless people are entitled to free education

5. The passage mainly deals with ____.

A) the legal problems of the homeless children

B) the educational problems of homeless children

C) the social status of older males

D) estimates on the homeless population

【答案及详解】

答案：C C D A B

直到20世纪80年代，美国无家可归的人口主要包括的还是年龄较大的男性。现在，社会上年龄较小的一些人也面临无家可归的威胁。的确，美国市长会议在1987年对25个城市进行了一项调查，结果表明，在无家可归的人口中，儿童的增长比例是最快的。许多无家可归的儿童都聚集在城市的中心地带。其中学龄儿童四处流浪，饱受惊吓。这给已经负担建设工程教育网过重的城市教学和教学管理带来了许多额的外的麻烦，其中既涉及法律问题又涉及教育问题。

美国无家可归的人口数量估计在35万到300万人之间。同样，无家可归的学龄儿童人数也无法做出准确的估计。一份根据各州估计数字而得出的美国教法的育部的报告指出，有22万无家可归的学龄儿童，其中约有三分之一没有按规定上学。然而国家关于无家可归人员的联盟会却估计，这样的儿童人数至少还应该多一倍，其中半数以上没有正常入学。

有一部分无家可归的人口尤其难以统计，就是那些遭家庭遗弃的"浪荡"少年。据纽约小学中心估计，这样的人口有150万左右。其中还有许多小孩没有估计进去，因为这些小孩不呆在安全的家中，却往往独自在街头流浪。

联邦法律（1987年斯图尔德麦肯尼无家可归人员救助法案）有一部分专门指出了无家可归儿童的教育需要。法案中有关于教育的条款所

Cancer is feared by everyone. And this fear is reaching epidemic（流行性）proportions. Not the disease itself — there is no such thing as a cancer epidemic. Except for lung cancer, mostly caused by cigarette smoking ,the incidence rates are leveling off, and in the case of some kinds of cancer are decreasing. But the fear of cancer is catching, and the country stands at risk of an anxiety, The earth itself is coming to seem like a huge carcinogen（致癌物）. The ordinary, more or less scientific statement that something between 80 and 90 percent of all cancers are dun to things in the environment is taken to mean that none of us will be safe until the whole environment is “cleaned up.” This is not at all the meaning.

The 80-percent calculation is based on the unthinkable differences in the incidence of cancer in various societies around the world — for example, the high proportion of liver cancer in Africa and the Far East, stomach cancer in Japan, breast cancer in Western Europe and North America, and the relatively low figures for breast cancer in Japan and parts of Africa and for liver cancer in America. These data indicate there may be special and specific environmental influences, largely based on personal life-style, that determine the incidence of various forms of cancer in different communities — but that is all the data suggest. The overall incidence of cancer, counting up all the cases, is probable roughly the same everywhere.

1.Which of the following is closest to meaning to the phrase “leveling off”?

A)Became very popular

B)Reached its lowest level in popularity

C)Stopped being popular

D)Stopped increasing its popularity

2.According to the passage, the incidence of cancer is generally believed _____.

A)to be based on inactive life style

B)to be due to anxiety

C)to result from environmental influences

D)to be caused by heavy smoking

3.It can be inferred from the passage that the writer’s opinion about the relationship between cancer and environment is_____.

A)positive

B)negative

C)neutral

D)approving

4.According to the passage, the writer seems to feel that_____.

A)cancer risk is on the rise

B)the whole earth resembles a huge carcinogen

C)the risk of catching cancer is not so great as most people conceive

D)cancer can be cured sooner or later

5.Which of the following would be the best TITLE for the passage?

A)Cancer and Environment

B)The Fear Caused by Cancers

C)Data on Cancer Incidence

D)Cancer and its Investigation 答案：D C B C A

英语四级阅读理解练习题 第94组

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 综合题，请根据题目给出的内容，来回答下面给出的试题。An unidentified wit once said, "laugh, and the world laughs with you. Snore, and you sleep alone." Yet snoring is far from a laughing matter, as those unfortunates with good hearing, who are rightly subjected to the sounds of the snoring disorder, will testify. It has been estimated that one of eight Americans snores; this means that there are approximately 21 million people --- women as well as men - who render an unpleasant sound when they are asleep. And assuming that each snorer disturbs the sleep of at least one other person, it necessarily follows that there are 21 million unhappy listeners. While a sleeping person breathes, either in or out, several structures in his nose and throat generate the snoring. The sounds, coming from the soft palate and other soft structures of the throat, are caused by vibratory responses to inflowing and outflowing air. When the soft tissues of the mouth and throat come close to the lining of the throat, the vibrations that occur are caused by the position of the tongue. In short, the noise made by snoring can be compared to the noise when breezes flutter a flag on a pole. The frequency of the vibrations depends on the size, density, and elasticity of the affected tissues and on the force of the air flow. Although it is usually the process of in haling or exhaling through the mouth that cause snoring, short snores come from the nose of an open-mouthed sleeper. In all fairness to snorers, however, it should be emphasized that snoring is an involuntary out which stops as the offender is awakened. 请根据上面给出的内容，来回答下面的单项选择题（下列每小题备选答案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案。每小题0分，共5题。）16. If each snorer disturbs the sleep of one other person,the number of Americans that are unfortunately subjected the sound of the snores will be _____. A ：one out of five B ：one out of eight C ：eight out of one hundred D ：one out of eighteen 请选择答案：A:B:C:D:17. The snoring is caused by _____. A ：the soft palate and other structures of the throat B ：the inflwoing and outflwoing air through the nose C ：the inflowing and outflowing air throught mouth D ：the vibrations as a result of the inflwoing and outflowing air 请选择答案：A:B:C:D:18. If a person produces short snores,most probably he has _____. A ：a soft palate B ：a big nose

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2019大学英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(15) There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. 『Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens.』① They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”. By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close瞮ps. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. T he TV won’t do it for you. Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. 『But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws： the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front

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大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.

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3 大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四） 十六 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. 1.Pruning should be done to ______. a.make the tree grow taller

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