2015中国人民大学翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识考研真题,考研经验,考研参考书

2015中国人民大学翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识考研真题

一、选择（50分）

1、东汉（）写了《两都赋》（班固）

2、不属于唐朝笔记小说的是（世说新语）

3、考察《忏悔录》的作者（卢梭）

4、题干中给出几条信息：1936年诺贝尔文学奖获得者，美国戏剧家，四次普利策奖获得者（欧金.奥尼尔）

5、中国最早论及性格的著作是三国刘邵的（《人物志》）

6、（伏契克）的长篇特写《绞刑架下的报告》在监狱中秘密完成

7、因之因非，因非因之，所非皆是，方生方死，方死方生，虽死犹生选自庄子的哪部著作（选项有逍遥游齐物论养生主另外一个不记得了答案是齐物论）

8、社会学中“镜中我”的结论表明什么（他人对自己的评价、态度等等，是反映自我的一面“镜子）

9、谁翻译了《铁流》，并被鲁迅赞为“一声不响不断译”（曹靖华）

10、1911年（）杂志首先提出了‘表现主义“（《狂飙》）

11、美国文学之父是（选项里有杰克伦敦、马克吐温、欧文，答案是欧文）

12、大方无隅，大器晚成，大音希声，大象无形出自哪部著作（《老子》）

13、布莱希特领导的柏林剧团改编了中国哪一部戏剧（此题目在网上未找到明确答案）

14、（布鲁诺）继承了哥白尼的日心说，被烧死

15、哪位女作家获得1993年诺贝尔文学奖（莫里森）

16、别林斯基关于艺术的著名论断是（艺术是形象思维）

17、我思故我在是（笛卡尔）的名言

18、2014apec的主题是（共建面向未来的亚太伙伴关系）

19、12生肖中羊是第几位（数数看）

20、追忆似水年华属于（意识流）小说

21、考察藏族的一部哲理格言集，作者萨班·贡噶坚赞（萨迦格言）

22、中国第一部笑话集《笑林》

23、詹姆斯琼斯《细细的红线》书名取自英国作家（）的诗句“战鼓一敲响，变作一根英雄们

做成的细细的红线“（吉普林）

24、萨特代表作（《恶心》）

25、中国少数民族三部史诗，其中藏族的是《格萨尔王》

二、应用文写作

假如你是中国人民大学外国语学院翻译硕士研究生，明年7月毕业，现要求写一封申请工作信件，要求符合信函写作风格，450字以内

三、大作文

假定场景：一架待起飞的飞机上，经济舱：有人玩手机游戏，有人聊天；商务舱，有人在用电脑工作；头等舱，有人带着耳机看书，有人闭目养神

思考，价值与位置，写一遍议论文，800字以上

新词新译3

D

大案要案major cases

打白条issue IOU

大包大揽take on all things

打包贷款packing credit

打包儿use doggy bags to take food home

大包干all-round responsibility system

打保票vouch for somebody;guarantee something

达标活动target hitting activities

大病统筹comprehensive arrangement for serious disease

大部制Super-Ministry System

大包大揽belly-worship

大酬宾give a large discount to one's customers or guests

打出王牌play one's trump card

大出血make a big markdown

搭错车follow a wrong train;join in a wrong group;follow a wrong example;wrong act because of wrong judgement or rash imitation

大而全large and comprehensive;large and all-inclusive

打翻身战fight to change for the better

打工do work for others

大规模杀伤性武器weapons of mass destruction

大锅饭egalitarian practice of everyone taking food from the same big pot

打黑crack down on evil forces

大轰动blockbuster

大环境the social,political and economic environment;the overall situation

大换血an overall renewal of the membership of an organization

打击报复conduct reprisals;retaliate打击非法投机活动strike out at speculation; crack down on speculation

打假crack down on fake products

打假办Office of Cracking down on Fake Products

大检察官principal public procurator

大减价markdown sales

大贱卖big offering

大奖赛prize-giving competition

打卡机punch machine

打开天窗说亮话put all cards on the table;speak frankly;let's not mince matters 大开眼界open one's eyes;broaden one's horizons;be an eye-opener

打口碟cracked CD

大款tycoon

大力扣杀hammer

大龄青年single youngsters who have exceeded the lawful marriage age(In China the age status of this group of people is around thirty in age.To be a short term,it is also called overage youth)

大路货 1.cheap goods; 2.popular goods of fine quality

大麻marijuana,usually smoked or eaten to induce euphoria.(A British study shows

the IQ of workers who tried to juggle messages and work fell by10%-the equivalent to missing a whole night's sleep and more than double the4%fall seen after smoking marijuana.英国近日一项研究发现，在工作中经常发短信的人智商会降低10%，相当于一整夜没睡觉，而抽大麻后智商也只会下降4%。）

大满贯grand slam

大排档large stall;sidewalk snack booth

大片big-budget movie(A slew of big-budget movies managed to lure moviegoers into theaters in the US and Canada during the Christmas holidays,despite a sluggish economy and bad weather.尽管经济萧条、天气不好，一些大片还是在圣诞节期间把美国和加拿大的影迷们拉进了电影院。)

打破僵局break the deadlock

打破垄断breakup of monopoly

打破“三铁”break the Three Irons:iron armchairs(life-time posts),iron rice bowl(life-time employment)and iron wages(guaranteed pay)

大气候state policies and principles;overall atmosphere

大人物great man;big potato;very important person(VIP)

大撒把totally laissez-faire大撒把totally laissez-faire

大胜white wash

大事化小，小事化了try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all

搭售conditional sale;tie-in sale

打顺手"find one's touch,get into gear,settle into a groove"

打私combat smuggling

搭送额外奉送throw in

大腕top notch,big shot

大碗茶stall tea

大卫教ranch Davidian

打问号have some question or doubt

打小报告secretly report on a colleague;rat on a fellow worker

打小报告的人squealer

大小人kidult.The Chinese term which translates literally“adult-aged child”derives from the English word“kidult,”a portmanteau of“kid”and“adult.”The term refers to middleaged people who refuse to be denied the freedom and pleasure of youth by doing or buying things designed for children.

答谢宴会return banquet

大型电视系列片,长篇电视连续剧maxi-series

大型廉价商店warehouse store

大学扩招enrollment expansion;scale expansion(The past years have witnessed a frenzied expansion of colleges and universities.Many schools,however,have just focused on scale expansion,but neglected quality improvement.过去几年，高校掀起了一阵扩招的热潮。然而，许多学校只关注于规模的扩大，却忽视了教学质量的改善。)

大学生创业university students'innovative undertaking

大要案major and serious criminal cases

打游击work in unfixed places;work as a seasonal laborer

大藏经Tripitaka

大昭寺Jokhang Temple.

大众传媒mass media(of communications)

大众脸Miss/Mr Average(Meet Miss Average from around the world as computer works out the most common face in each country--More than100women of41different nationalities and ethnicities were photographed in cities all over the world in an effort to find common regional features.摄影师拍数千照片，合成世界各地女性大众脸——在寻找不同地区“大众脸”的活动中，摄影师分别在全球41个不同国家和地区拍摄了100位女性的照片。)大专生junior college student

大专文凭associate degree

大做文章make a big fuss about something

打补丁（电脑）patch installing

达成共识reach a consensus

大法官chief justice

打拐cracking down on the abduction of women and children

大会特邀代表specially-invited delegate to the congress

待岗"await job assignment,post-waiting"

代沟generation gap

代驾designated driver(Beijing,which registered4.7million motor vehicles by the end of2010,has a need for about3,000designated drivers a day,according to the estimates of business insiders.截止2010年底，北京已注册机动车数量为470万辆。据业内人士估计，北京每天的代驾司机需求量为3000名。)

代课老师supply teacher(Mrs.Yang is our supply teacher today because our English teacher caught a cold last night.我们英语老师昨晚感冒了，杨老师今天来代课。)

贷款额度lending quota(China's biggest banks are close to reaching annual lending quotas and plan to stop expanding their loan books to avoid exceeding the limits, according to four people with knowledge of the matter.据四位知情人士透露，我国几家大银行的年度贷款额度已接近用完，计划停止发放新贷款以避免超出限额。)

代理服务agency service

代码code

代培train on contract;train special personnel for other work units in return for payment guaranteed by a contract

代销market on commission

代销店commission agent

带薪产假paid maternity leave

带薪分流assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits

带薪假期paid holiday

带薪年假paid annual leave(The holiday will last from May1to7,3days of which are legal national holidays followed by a2-day weekend and a2-day paid annual leave.

5月1日至7日放假，其中3天为国家法定节日，2天为周末，2天为带薪年假。)

贷学金（助学贷款）student loan

待业job-waiting

待业人员job-waiting people代孕surrogate births(Japanese obstetricians adopted a ban against surrogate births in1983.1983年日本产科界通过了一项禁止代孕的规定。)呆帐dead account

代职function in an acting capacity

逮捕证arrest warrant

待机模式standby mode

代金券credit voucher，voucher

待机时间standby time(In addition,iPhone will feature up to250hours—more than 10days—of standby time.此外，iPhone的特性还有长达250小时——超过10天——的待机时间。)

贷款利率lending rate

贷款限额credit ceilings(Commercial banks'credit ceilings will be abolished to channel more lending to priority projects,rural areas,smaller enterprises and technical innovation.商业银行的贷款限额将被取消，以便向优先项目、农村地区、小型企业、技术革新项目等发放更多贷款。)

贷款质量loan quality

代理书记Acting Secretary(Acting Secretary of Commerce Robert L.Mallett today announced18inaugural appointments to two new public advisory committees at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.)

上/下班打卡punch in(out)

蛋白质工程protein engineering

单边主义unilateralism

弹道导弹ballistic missile

单刀赴会start a solo run

资料来源：育明考研考博官网https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fd7439921.html,