力学词汇

Allowable stress：许用应力

Allowable load：许用荷载

Buckling：失稳

Flexural rigidity：弯曲刚度，bending 弯曲，normal stress in bending 弯曲正应力

Shear stress in bending 弯曲切应力

Bending moment ：弯曲

Bending moment diagram：弯矩图

Critical stress ：临界应力，

critical load ：临界荷载

Eccentric tension 偏心拉伸

Limit load：极限荷载，ultimate stress 极限应力，ultimate stress in tension 抗拉强度Normal Principal stress 主应力，principal stress trajectory 主应力迹线

Theorem of conjugate shearing stress切应力互等定律，reciprocal-displacement theorem位移互等定律

Torsion ：扭转

弹性力学elasticity

弹性理论theory of elasticity

均匀应力状态homogeneous state of stress

应力不变量stress invariant

应变不变量strain invariant

应变椭球strain ellipsoid

均匀应变状态homogeneous state of strain

应变协调方程equation of strain compatibility 拉梅常量Lame constants

各向同性弹性isotropic elasticity

旋转圆盘rotating circular disk

楔wedge

开尔文问题Kelvin problem 布西内斯克问题Boussinesq problem

艾里应力函数Airy stress function

克罗索夫--穆斯赫利什维利法Kolosoff- Muskhelishvili method

基尔霍夫假设Kirchhoff hypothesis

板Plate

矩形板Rectangular plate

圆板Circular plate

环板Annular plate

波纹板Corrugated plate

加劲板Stiffened plate,reinforced Plate

中厚板Plate of moderate thickness

弯[曲]应力函数Stress function of bending

壳Shell

扁壳Shallow shell

旋转壳Revolutionary shell

球壳Spherical shell

[圆]柱壳Cylindrical shell

锥壳Conical shell

环壳Toroidal shell

封闭壳Closed shell

波纹壳Corrugated shell

扭[转]应力函数Stress function of torsion

翘曲函数Warping function

半逆解法semi-inverse method

瑞利--里茨法Rayleigh-Ritz method

松弛法Relaxation method

莱维法Levy method

松弛Relaxation

量纲分析Dimensional analysis

自相似[性] self-similarity

影响面Influence surface

接触应力Contact stress

赫兹理论Hertz theory

协调接触Conforming contact

滑动接触Sliding contact

滚动接触Rolling contact

压入Indentation

各向异性弹性Anisotropic elasticity

颗粒材料Granular material

散体力学Mechanics of granular media 热弹性Thermoelasticity

超弹性Hyperelasticity

粘弹性Viscoelasticity

对应原理Correspondence principle

褶皱Wrinkle

塑性全量理论Total theory of plasticity 滑动Sliding

微滑Microslip

粗糙度Roughness

非线性弹性Nonlinear elasticity

大挠度Large deflection

突弹跳变snap-through

有限变形Finite deformation

格林应变Green strain

阿尔曼西应变Almansi strain

弹性动力学Dynamic elasticity

运动方程Equation of motion

准静态的Quasi-static

气动弹性Aeroelasticity

水弹性Hydroelasticity

颤振Flutter

弹性波Elastic wave

简单波Simple wave 柱面波Cylindrical wave

水平剪切波Horizontal shear wave

竖直剪切波Vertical shear wave

体波body wave

无旋波Irrotational wave

畸变波Distortion wave

膨胀波Dilatation wave

瑞利波Rayleigh wave

等容波Equivoluminal wave

勒夫波Love wave

界面波Interfacial wave

边缘效应edge effect

塑性力学Plasticity

可成形性Formability

金属成形Metal forming

耐撞性Crashworthiness

结构抗撞毁性Structural crashworthiness

拉拔Drawing

破坏机构Collapse mechanism

回弹Springback

挤压Extrusion

冲压Stamping

穿透Perforation

层裂Spalling

塑性理论Theory of plasticity

安定[性]理论Shake-down theory

运动安定定理kinematic shake-down theorem 静力安定定理Static shake-down theorem

率相关理论rate dependent theorem

载荷因子load factor

加载准则Loading criterion

加载函数Loading function

加载面Loading surface

塑性加载Plastic loading

塑性加载波Plastic loading wave

简单加载Simple loading

比例加载Proportional loading

卸载Unloading

卸载波Unloading wave

冲击载荷Impulsive load

阶跃载荷step load

脉冲载荷pulse load

极限载荷limit load

中性变载nentral loading

拉抻失稳instability in tension

加速度波acceleration wave

本构方程constitutive equation

完全解complete solution

名义应力nominal stress

过应力over-stress

真应力true stress

等效应力equivalent stress

流动应力flow stress

应力间断stress discontinuity

应力空间stress space

主应力空间principal stress space

静水应力状态hydrostatic state of stress 对数应变logarithmic strain

工程应变engineering strain

等效应变equivalent strain

应变局部化strain localization

应变率strain rate

应变率敏感性strain rate sensitivity

应变空间strain space 有限应变finite strain

塑性应变增量plastic strain increment

累积塑性应变accumulated plastic strain

永久变形permanent deformation

内变量internal variable

应变软化strain-softening

理想刚塑性材料rigid-perfectly plasticMaterial

刚塑性材料rigid-plastic material

理想塑性材料perfectl plastic material

材料稳定性stability of material

应变偏张量deviatoric tensor of strain

应力偏张量deviatori tensor of stress

应变球张量spherical tensor of strain

应力球张量spherical tensor of stress

路径相关性path-dependency

线性强化linear strain-hardening

应变强化strain-hardening

随动强化kinematic hardening

各向同性强化isotropic hardening

强化模量strain-hardening modulus

幂强化power hardening

塑性极限弯矩plastic limit bending Moment

塑性极限扭矩plastic limit torque

弹塑性弯曲elastic-plastic bending

弹塑性交界面elastic-plastic interface

弹塑性扭转elastic-plastic torsion

粘塑性Viscoplasticity

非弹性Inelasticity

理想弹塑性材料elastic-perfectly plastic Material

极限分析limit analysis

极限设计limit design

极限面limit surface

上限定理upper bound theorem

上屈服点upper yield point

下限定理lower bound theorem

下屈服点lower yield point

界限定理bound theorem

初始屈服面initial yield surface

后继屈服面subsequent yield surface

屈服面[的]外凸性convexity of yield surface 截面形状因子shape factor of cross-section

沙堆比拟sand heap analogy

屈服Yield

屈服条件yield condition

屈服准则yield criterion

屈服函数yield function

屈服面yield surface

塑性势plastic potential

能量吸收装置energy absorbing device

能量耗散率energy absorbing device

塑性动力学dynamic plasticity

塑性动力屈曲dynamic plastic buckling

塑性动力响应dynamic plastic response

塑性波plastic wave

运动容许场kinematically admissible Field

静力容许场statically admissible Field

流动法则flow rule

速度间断velocity discontinuity

滑移线slip-lines

滑移线场slip-lines field

移行塑性铰travelling plastic hinge

塑性增量理论incremental theory of Plasticity 米泽斯屈服准则Mises yield criterion

普朗特--罗伊斯关系prandtl- Reuss relation 特雷斯卡屈服准则Tresca yield criterion

洛德应力参数Lode stress parameter

莱维--米泽斯关系Levy-Mises relation

亨基应力方程Hencky stress equation

赫艾--韦斯特加德应力空间Haigh-Westergaard stress space

洛德应变参数Lode strain parameter

德鲁克公设Drucker postulate

盖林格速度方程Geiringer velocity Equation 结构力学structural mechanics

结构分析structural analysis

结构动力学structural dynamics

拱Arch

三铰拱three-hinged arch

抛物线拱parabolic arch

圆拱circular arch

穹顶Dome

空间结构space structure

空间桁架space truss

雪载[荷] snow load

风载[荷] wind load

土压力earth pressure

地震载荷earthquake loading

弹簧支座spring support

支座位移support displacement

支座沉降support settlement

超静定次数degree of indeterminacy

机动分析kinematic analysis

结点法method of joints

截面法method of sections

结点力joint forces

共轭位移conjugate displacement

影响线influence line

三弯矩方程three-moment equation

单位虚力unit virtual force

刚度系数stiffness coefficient

柔度系数flexibility coefficient

力矩分配moment distribution

力矩分配法moment distribution method

力矩再分配moment redistribution

分配系数distribution factor

矩阵位移法matri displacement method

单元刚度矩阵element stiffness matrix

单元应变矩阵element strain matrix

总体坐标global coordinates

贝蒂定理Betti theorem

高斯--若尔当消去法Gauss-Jordan elimination Method

屈曲模态buckling mode

复合材料力学mechanics

一.综合类

1.geotechnical engineering岩土工程

2.foundation engineering基础工程

3.soil, earth土

4.soil mechanics土力学

cyclic loading周期荷载

unloading卸载

reloading再加载

viscoelastic foundation粘弹性地基

viscous damping粘滞阻尼

shear modulus剪切模量

5.soil dynamics土动力学

6.stress path应力路径

7.numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学

二. 土的分类

1.residual soil残积土

groundwater level地下水位

2.groundwater 地下水

groundwater table地下水位

3.clay minerals粘土矿物

4.secondary minerals次生矿物

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2512140362.html,ndslides滑坡

6.bore hole columnar section钻孔柱状图

7.engineering geologic investigation工程地质勘察

8.boulder漂石

9.cobble卵石

10.gravel砂石

11.gravelly sand砾砂

12.coarse sand粗砂

13.medium sand中砂

14.fine sand细砂

15.silty sand粉土

16.clayey soil粘性土

17.clay粘土

18.silty clay粉质粘土

19.silt粉土

20.sandy silt砂质粉土

21.clayey silt粘质粉土

22.saturated soil饱和土

23.unsaturated soil非饱和土

24.fill (soil)填土

25.overconsolidated soil超固结土

26.normally consolidated soil正常固结土

27.underconsolidated soil欠固结土

28.zonal soil区域性土

29.soft clay软粘土

30.expansive (swelling) soil膨胀土

31.peat泥炭

32.loess黄土

33.frozen soil冻土

三. 土的基本物理力学性质

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2512140362.html, compression index

2.cu undrained shear strength

3.cu/p0 ratio of undrained strength cu to effective overburden stress p0

(cu/p0)NC ,(cu/p0)oc subscripts NC and OC designated normally consolidated and overconsolidated, respectively

4.cvane cohesive strength from vane test

5.e0 natural void ratio

6.Ip plasticity index

7.K0 coefficient of “at-rest ”pressure ,for total stressesσ1 andσ2

8.K0’ domain fo r effective stressesσ1 ‘ andσ2’

9.K0n K0 for normally consolidated state

10.K0u K0 coefficient under rapid continuous loading ,simulating instantaneous loading or an undrained condition

11.K0d K0 coefficient under cyclic loading(frequency less than 1Hz),as a pseudo- dynamic test for K0 coefficient

12.kh ,kv permeability in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively

13.N blow count, standard penetration test

14.OCR over-consolidation ratio 15.pc preconsolidation pressure ,from oedemeter test

16.p0 effective overburden pressure

17.p s specific cone penetration resistance, from static cone test

18.qu unconfined compressive strength

19.U, Um degree of consolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen

20.u ,ub ,um pore (water) pressure, subscripts

b and m denote bottom of specimen and mean value, respectively

21.w0 wL wp natural water content, liquid and plastic limits, respectively

22.σ1,σ2principal stresses, σ1 ‘ andσ2’ denote effective principal stresses

23.Atterberg limits阿太堡界限

24.degree of saturation饱和度

25.dry unit weight干重度

26.moist unit weight湿重度

27.saturated unit weight饱和重度

28.effective unit weight有效重度

29.density密度

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2512140362.html,pactness密实度

31.maximum dry density最大干密度

32.optimum water content最优含水量

33.three phase diagram三相图

34.tri-phase soil三相土

35.soil fraction粒组

36.sieve analysis筛分

37.hydrometer analysis比重计分析

38.uniformity coefficient不均匀系数

39.coefficient of gradation级配系数

40.fine-grained soil(silty and clayey)细粒土

41.coarse- grained soil(gravelly and sandy)粗粒土

42.Unified soil classification system土的统一分类系统

43.ASCE=American Society of Civil Engineer 美国土木工程师学会

44.AASHTO= American Association State Highway Officials美国州公路官员协会

45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 国际土力学与岩土工程学会

四. 渗透性和渗流

1.Darcy’s law达西定律

2.piping管涌

3.flowing soil流土

4.sand boiling砂沸

5.flow net流网

6.seepage渗透（流）

7.leakage渗流

8.seepage pressure渗透压力

9.permeability渗透性

10.seepage force渗透力

11.hydraulic gradient水力梯度

12.coefficient of permeability渗透系数

五. 地基应力和变形

1.soft soil软土

2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile打入桩（负）摩阻力

3.effective stress有效应力

4.total stress总应力

5.field vane shear strength十字板抗剪强度

6.low activity低活性

7.sensitivity灵敏度

8.triaxial test三轴试验

9.foundation design基础设计

10.recompaction再压缩

11.bearing capacity承载力

12.soil mass土体

13.contact stress (pressure)接触应力（压力）

14.concentrated load集中荷载

15.a semi-infinite elastic solid半无限弹性体

16.homogeneous均质

17.isotropic各向同性

18.strip footing条基

19.square spread footing方形独立基础

20.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下卧层（土）

21.dead load =sustained load恒载持续荷载

22.live load活载

23.short

理论力学专业词汇中英对照

*静力学statics *运动学kinematics *动力学dynamics *理论力学theoretical mechanics *约束constraint *力系force system *平衡力系balanced force system *刚体rigid body *力偶force couple *力的平移定理theorem of translation of a force *主矢principal vector *主矩principal moment *物体系统（物系）body system (bs) *滑动摩擦sliding friction *摩擦角angle of friction *自锁self-locking *物体的重心the center of gravity of object *轨迹trajectory *速度velocity *加速度acceleration of a particle *运动方程equation of motion *转角angle of rotation *转动方程equation of rotation *角速度angular velocity *角加速度angular acceleration *匀速转动uniform rotation *绝对速度absolute velocity *绝对加速度absolute acceleration *相对速度relative velocity *相对加速度relative acceleration *牵连速度convected velocity *牵连加速度convected acceleration *绝对运动absolute motion *相对运动relative motion *牵连运动convected motion *科氏加速度coriolis acceleration *平面运动方程equations of plane motion *质点particle *动量momentum *冲量impulse *动量矩moment of momentum *功率power *动能kinetic energy *动静法dynamic-static method *虚位移virtual displacements *虚功virtual work

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《工程热力学》课程专业词汇中英文对照表 thermodynamics热力学heat热work功irreversible process不可逆过程energy law of energy conservation能量守恒定律temperature 温度thermal equilibrium热平衡Zeroth law of thermodynamics热力学第零定律temperature scale温标 thermometer温度计thermodynamics scale of temperature 热力学温标density密度mass质量pressure压力gauge pressure表压absolute pressure绝对压力system系统boundary边界surrounding外界closed system闭口系统open system开口系统quantity of state状态参数process过程reversible process可逆过程irreversible process不可逆过程quasistatic process准静态过程isovolumetric process定容过程adiabatic process绝热过程isothermal process定温过程polytrophic process多变过程P-V diagram P-V 图absolute work 绝对功technical work技术功kinetic energy动能potential energy势能internal energy内能specific internal energy比内能specific heat capacity比热容constant volume specific heat capacity定容比热容constant pressure specific heat capacity定压比热容flow energy流动能enthalpy焓specific enthalpy比焓latent heat潜热sensible heat显热law of conservation of energy能量守恒定律first law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律nozzle喷管heat engine热机perpetual-motion machine of first kind第一类永动机ideal gas理想气体imperfect gas非理想气体equation of state状态方程式universal gas constant通用气体常数ratio of specific heat capacity比热容比Joule-Thomson effect焦耳－汤姆逊效应partial pressure分压力Dalton”s law道尔顿定律humidity湿度dry air干空气absolute humidity 绝对湿度saturated steam pressure饱和蒸汽压relative humidity相对湿度dew point露点cycle循环reciprocating engine往复式发动机bottom dead center下止点top dead center 上止点thermal efficiency热效率refrigerator制冷机heat pump热泵72 irreversibility不可逆性second law of thermodynamic热力学第二定律Clausius statement克劳修斯表述Kelven-Plank statement 开尔文－普朗克表述perpetual-motion machine of second kind第二类永动机isenthalpic process定焓过程Carnot cycle卡诺循环Clausius integral克劳修斯积分Clausius inequality克劳修斯不等式entropy熵absolute entropy绝对熵principle of the increase of entropy熵增原理T-S diagram T-S图real gas实际气体steam蒸汽boiling 沸腾evaporation汽化saturation pressure饱和压力wet saturated steam 湿蒸汽convergent nozzle渐缩喷管critical pressure临界压力Mach number马赫数compression ignition engine压缩点火发动机Diesel cycle狄赛尔循环combined cycle混合加热循环gas turbine燃气轮机steam prime mover蒸汽原动机boiler锅炉 《传热学》课程专业词汇中英文对照表 heat transfer热传递heat conduction导热convection对流natural convection自然对流free convection 自由对流forced convection 强制对流heat transfer by convection对流换热phase change 相变evaporation蒸发boiling沸腾condensation凝结melting融化solidification凝固thermal radiation热辐射temperature field温度场steady-state conduction稳态温度场transient conduction非稳态温度场temperature gradient 温度梯度isotherms 等温线cartesian coordinates直角坐标系heat flux热流密度矢量Fourier’s law导热基本定律heat Diffusion Equation导热微分方程式initial conditions初始条件boundary conditions边界条件thermal contact resistance接触热阻isothermal place等温面heat transfer rate热流量heat flux lines热

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Index 翻译（Fluid Mechanics） Absolute pressure,绝对压力（压强）Absolute temperature scales, 绝对温标Absolute viscosity, 绝对粘度Acceleration加速度centripetal, 向心的convective, 对流的Coriolis, 科氏的 field of a fluid, 流场 force and，作用力与……local, 局部的 Uniform linear, 均一线性的Acceleration field加速度场Ackeret theory, 阿克莱特定理Active flow control, 主动流动控制Actuator disk, 促动盘 Added mass, 附加质量Adiabatic flow绝热流 with friction,考虑摩擦的isentropic,等熵的 air, 气体 with area changes, 伴有空间转换Bemoullii’s equation and, 伯努利方程Mach number relations,马赫数关系式，pressure and density relations, 压力-速度关系式sonic point，critical values, 音速点，临界值，stagnation enthalpy, 滞止焓Adiabatic processes, 绝热过程Adiabatic relations, 绝热关系 Adverse pressure gradient, 逆压力梯度 Aerodynamic forces, on road vehicles, 交通工具,空气动力 Aerodynamics, 空气动力学 Aeronautics, new trends in, 航空学，新趋势 Air空气 testing/modeling in, 对……实验/建模 useful numbers for, 关于……的有用数字 Airbus Industrie, 空中客车产业 Aircraft航行器 airfoils机翼 new designs, 新型设计 Airfoils, 翼型 aspect ratio (AR), 展弦比 cambered, 弧形的 drag coefficient of , 阻力系数 early, 早期的 Kline-Fogleman, 克莱恩-佛莱曼 lift coefficient, 升力系数 NACA, (美国) 国家航空咨询委员会separation bubble, 分离泡 stalls and, 失速 stall speed, 失速速度 starting vortex, 起动涡 stopping vortex, 终止涡 Airfoil theory, 翼型理论 flat-plate vortex sheet theory, 平板面涡理论 Kutta condition, 库塔条件 Kutta-Joukowski theorem, 库塔-儒科夫斯基定理 1

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结构力学 结构力学 structural mechanics 结构分析 structural analysis 结构动力学 structural dynamics 拱 Arch 三铰拱 three-hinged arch 抛物线拱 parabolic arch 圆拱 circular arch 穹顶 Dome 空间结构 space structure 空间桁架 space truss 雪载[荷] snow load 风载[荷] wind load 土压力 earth pressure 地震载荷 earthquake loading 弹簧支座 spring support 支座位移 support displacement 支座沉降 support settlement 超静定次数 degree of indeterminacy 机动分析 kinematic analysis 结点法 method of joints 截面法 method of sections 结点力 joint forces 共轭位移 conjugate displacement 影响线 influence line 三弯矩方程 three-moment equation 单位虚力 unit virtual force 刚度系数 stiffness coefficient 柔度系数 flexibility coefficient 力矩分配 moment distribution 力矩分配法 moment distribution method 力矩再分配 moment redistribution 分配系数 distribution factor 矩阵位移法 matri displacement method 单元刚度矩阵 element stiffness matrix 单元应变矩阵 element strain matrix 总体坐标 global coordinates 贝蒂定理 Betti theorem 高斯--若尔当消去法 Gauss-Jordan elimination Method 屈曲模态 buckling mode 复合材料力学 mechanics of composites 复合材料 composite material 纤维复合材料 fibrous composite 单向复合材料 unidirectional composite

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流体力学专业词汇

流体动力学fluid dynamics 连续介质力学mechanics of continuous media 介质medium 流体质点fluid particle 无粘性流体nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid 连续介质假设continuous medium hypothesis 流体运动学fluid kinematics 水静力学hydrostatics 液体静力学hydrostatics 支配方程governing equation 伯努利方程Bernoulli equation 伯努利定理Bernonlli theorem 毕奥-萨伐尔定律Biot-Savart law 欧拉方程Euler equation 亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtz theorem 开尔文定理Kelvin theorem 涡片vortex sheet 库塔-茹可夫斯基条件Kutta-Zhoukowski condition 布拉休斯解Blasius solution 达朗贝尔佯廖d'Alembert paradox 雷诺数Reynolds number 施特鲁哈尔数Strouhal number 随体导数material derivative 不可压缩流体incompressible fluid 质量守恒conservation of mass 动量守恒conservation of momentum 能量守恒conservation of energy 动量方程momentum equation 能量方程energy equation 控制体积control volume 液体静压hydrostatic pressure 涡量拟能enstrophy 压差differential pressure 流[动] flow 流线stream line 流面stream surface 流管stream tube 迹线path, path line 流场flow field 流态flow regime 流动参量flow parameter 流量flow rate, flow discharge 涡旋vortex 涡量vorticity

暖通专业术语中英文对照词汇表

1. 热力学thermodynamics 2. 热源heat source 3. 热力学平衡状态thermodynamic equilibrium state 4. 稳态steady state 5. 非稳态unsteady state 6. 可逆过程reversible process 7. 不可逆过程irreversible process 8. 热力学第一定律first law of thermodynamics 9. 热力学第二定律second law of thermodynamics 10. 热力学第三定律third law of thermodynamics 11. 内能internal energy 12. 焓enthalpy 13. 熵entropy 14. 热量heat 15. 理想气体ideal gas 16. 相变change of phase 17. 汽化vaporization 18. 蒸发evaporation 19. 沸腾boiling 20. 沸点boiling point 21. 凝结condensation 22. 饱和状态saturation state

23. 饱和温度saturation temperature 24. 饱和压力saturation pressure 25. 饱和液体saturation liquid 26. 饱和蒸汽saturation vapor 27. 过饱和supersaturation 28. 湿蒸汽wet vapor 29. 过热superheat 30. 过热蒸汽superheated vapor 31. 过热度degree of superheat 32. 过冷subcooling 33. 过冷液体subcooled liquid 34. 气-液混合物liquid-vapor mixture 35. 干度quality 36. 冷凝点condensation point 37. 冷凝液condensate 38. 共沸混合物azeotropic mixture 39. 共沸性azeotropy 40. 共沸点azeotropic point 41. 凝固solidification 42. 熔化fusion 43. 熔点melting point 44. 升华sublimation

(完整版)流体力学常用名词中英文对照

流体力学常用名词流体动力学fluid dynamics 连续介质力学mechanics of continuous 介质medium 流体质点fluid particle 无粘性流体nonviscous fluid, inviscid 连续介质假设continuous medium hypothesis 流体运动学fluid kinematics 水静力学hydrostatics 液体静力学hydrostatics 支配方程governing equation 伯努利方程Bernoulli equation 伯努利定理Bernonlli theorem 毕奥- 萨伐尔定律Biot-Savart law 欧拉方程Euler equation 亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtz theorem 开尔文定理Kelvin theorem 涡片vortex sheet 库塔- 茹可夫斯基条件Kutta-Zhoukowski condition 布拉休斯解Blasius solution 达朗贝尔佯廖d'Alembert paradox 雷诺数Reynolds number 施特鲁哈尔数Strouhal number 随体导数material derivative 不可压缩流体incompressible fluid 质量守恒conservation of mass 动量守恒conservation of momentum 能量守恒conservation of energy 动量方程momentum equation 能量方程energy equation 控制体积control volume 液体静压hydrostatic pressure 涡量拟能enstrophy 压差differential pressure 流［动］ flow 流线stream line 流面stream surface 流管stream tube 迹线path, path line 流场flow field 流态flow regime 流动参量flow parameter 流量flow rate, flow discharge 涡旋vortex 涡量vorticity 涡丝vortex filament 涡线vortex line 涡面vortex surface 涡层vortex layer 涡环vortex ring 涡对vortex pair 涡管vortex tube 涡街vortex street 卡门涡街Karman vortex street 马蹄涡horseshoe vortex 对流涡胞convective cell 卷筒涡胞roll cell 涡eddy 涡粘性eddy viscosity 环流circulation 环量circulation 速度环量velocity circulation 偶极子doublet, dipole 驻点stagnation point 总压[ 力] total pressure 总压头total head 静压头static head 总焓total enthalpy 能量输运energy transport 速度剖面velocity profile 库埃特流Couette flow 单相流single phase flow 单组份流single-component flow 均匀流uniform flow 非均匀流nonuniform flow 二维流two-dimensional flow 三维流three-dimensional flow 准定常流quasi-steady flow 非 定常流unsteady flow, non-steady flow 暂态流

力学词汇

Allowable stress：许用应力 Allowable load：许用荷载 Buckling：失稳 Flexural rigidity：弯曲刚度，bending 弯曲，normal stress in bending 弯曲正应力 Shear stress in bending 弯曲切应力 Bending moment ：弯曲 Bending moment diagram：弯矩图 Critical stress ：临界应力， critical load ：临界荷载 Eccentric tension 偏心拉伸 Limit load：极限荷载，ultimate stress 极限应力，ultimate stress in tension 抗拉强度Normal Principal stress 主应力，principal stress trajectory 主应力迹线 Theorem of conjugate shearing stress切应力互等定律，reciprocal-displacement theorem位移互等定律 Torsion ：扭转 弹性力学elasticity 弹性理论theory of elasticity 均匀应力状态homogeneous state of stress 应力不变量stress invariant 应变不变量strain invariant 应变椭球strain ellipsoid 均匀应变状态homogeneous state of strain 应变协调方程equation of strain compatibility 拉梅常量Lame constants 各向同性弹性isotropic elasticity 旋转圆盘rotating circular disk 楔wedge 开尔文问题Kelvin problem 布西内斯克问题Boussinesq problem 艾里应力函数Airy stress function 克罗索夫--穆斯赫利什维利法Kolosoff- Muskhelishvili method 基尔霍夫假设Kirchhoff hypothesis 板Plate 矩形板Rectangular plate 圆板Circular plate 环板Annular plate 波纹板Corrugated plate 加劲板Stiffened plate,reinforced Plate 中厚板Plate of moderate thickness 弯[曲]应力函数Stress function of bending 壳Shell 扁壳Shallow shell 旋转壳Revolutionary shell 球壳Spherical shell [圆]柱壳Cylindrical shell 锥壳Conical shell 环壳Toroidal shell 封闭壳Closed shell 波纹壳Corrugated shell 扭[转]应力函数Stress function of torsion 翘曲函数Warping function 半逆解法semi-inverse method 瑞利--里茨法Rayleigh-Ritz method 松弛法Relaxation method 莱维法Levy method 松弛Relaxation 量纲分析Dimensional analysis 自相似[性] self-similarity 影响面Influence surface

材料力学专业词汇中英对照

材料力学Mechanics of Materials 构件Structure member 强度strength 刚度rigidity 稳定性stability 变形固体solid deformation body 基本假设fundamental assumption 各向同性Isotropy 内力internal force 外力external force 二力杆two force bar 刚体rigid body 轴向拉伸Axial tension 轴向压缩Axial compression 拉力tensile force 内力Internal force 轴力axial force 轴力图diagram of axial force 集中载荷concentrate load 应力stress 平均应力Average stress 全应力whole stress 平面假设Hypothesis of plane section 拉应力Tensile stress 应力集中stress concentration 剪切shearing 正应力normal stress 剪应力shearing Stress 线应变linear strain 剪应变angular strain 剪力shearing force 弹性应变能Elastic strain energy 静定问题statically determinate problem 静不定问题statically indeterminate problem 平衡方程equilibrium equations 比例极限Proportional limit 弹性极限Elastic limit 屈服极限Yielding limit 塑性材料ductile material 强度极限Strength limit 铸铁cast iron 轴Shaft 扭转Torsion 扭转角The angle of twist 扭矩Internal torque 扭矩图Internal torque diagram 剪应力互等定Theorem of complementary shearing stresses 弯曲bending 梁Beam 固定铰支座Fixed hinged support 可动铰支座Movable hinged support 固定端Rigidly fixed end 简支梁simply supported beam 悬臂梁Cantilever beam 外伸梁Overhanging beam 静定梁Statically determinate beam 超静定梁Statically indeterminate beam 弯曲内力Internal force in bending 弯矩Bending moment 内力方程Internal force equation 剪力图shearing force diagram 弯矩图bending moment diagram 分布荷载the distributed load 荷载集度the density of the distributed load 平面刚架Planar rigid frame 曲杆Curved rod 纯弯曲Pure Bending 中性轴Neutral axis 曲率半径the radius of curvature 挠度Deflection 转角Angle of rotation 挠曲线deflection curve 位移边界条Boundary conditions of the displacement 支点位移条件Displacement conditions at the supports

双语理论力学常用词汇表汇编

学习-----好资料 Sc-Te Words and Expressions used in Theoretical MechanicsⅠAlphabet Index A acceleration-due-to-gravity重力加速度 acceleration加速度accommodate调和,调整addition合成aerodynamics空气动力学aerodynamic空气阻力algebra代数学 align成一行 amplitude振幅 analytically解析法 angular-impulse角冲量angular-momentum角动量angular-velocity角速度application应用 apply施加,使用 approach途径,趋近,方法 arc-coordinates弧坐标 axis轴 B bearing轴承,支撑面 bit钻头 bolt螺栓 C cam 凸轮 cancel抵消,中和 cantilever悬臂 Cartesian-coordinate笛卡儿坐标系 cast-iron铸铁 center-of-gravity重心 center-of-mass质心 central-force向心力centroid形心 chain-rule-of-differentiation链导法则 circular-frequency圆频率clockwise(CW)顺时针 clutch离合器 coefficient系数collar套筒 collect提取（公因式） collinear共线 combine motion复合运动 combine合并同类项,联立 complementary-solution通解 component分量,构成元件 composite-body组合体 composite-motion复合运动 concept概念 concurrent汇交的 cone圆锥 conic-section圆锥曲线 conservation-of-momentum动 量守恒 conservation守恒 conservative-force保守力 consistent with….与…保持一 致 constants（const.）常数 contour等高线,参照线 constraint 约束 conventional惯例的 convention约定,惯例的 convert- conversion转化 coplanar共面的 Coriolis-acceleration科氏加速 度 corresponding相应的 Coulomb's-law-of-friction库仑 摩擦定律 counterclockwise(CCW)逆时 针 couple(s)力偶 crank曲柄 cross-product叉乘法 curvature曲率 curved-surface曲面 cycloid摆线 cylinder圆柱,汽缸 D d'Alembert's-principle达朗贝 尔原理 damped-vibration衰减振动 damp潮湿的,阻尼,衰减的 dashed虚线的 deduce推演，证明 deformation形变 degrees-of-freedom自由度 density密度 derivate求导 derivative导数 determinant行列式 detrimental有害的 diagonal对角线 differential-differentiation微分 dimension量纲,度量单位,维 direction-cosine方向余弦 direction方向 displacement位移 distributed-load分布载荷 dot-product点乘法 dynamics动力学 E eccentricity 偏心距,离心率 ellipse椭圆 elongation（弹簧等）伸长量 equal-sign等号 equation-of-motion运动方程 equilibrium平衡 equipotential-surfaces等势面 equivalence等价 equivalent等同的 expand（多项式）展开 exponent指数 F finite限定的，有限的 finite element method 有限元 方法 formula公式 Fourier-series傅立叶级数 frequency频率

岩石力学英语词汇

岩石力学词汇岩石英语词汇八导读:就爱阅读网友为您分享以下“岩石英语词汇八” 资讯，希望对您有所帮助，感谢您对https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2512140362.html,的支持! 岩石英语词汇八 petrology 岩石学 igneous rock 火成岩 magmatic rock 岩浆岩 lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩 intrusive(invade)rock 侵入岩 effusive rock 喷出岩 plutonic rock 深成岩 pypabyssal rock 浅成岩 acid rock 酸性岩 1 intermediate rock 中性岩 basic rock 基性岩 ultrabasic rock 超基性岩 granite 花岗岩 porphyry 斑岩 porphyrite 玢岩 rhyolite 流纹岩 syenite 正长岩 trachyte 粗面岩

diorite 闪长岩 andesite 安山岩 gabbro 辉长岩 basalt 玄武岩 aplite 细晶岩 pegmatite 伟晶岩 lamprophyre 煌斑岩 diabase 辉绿岩 2 dunite 橄榄岩 pumice 浮岩 sedimentary rock 沉积岩 clastic 碎屑岩clay rock 黏土岩 chemical rock 化学岩 biolith 生物岩 conglomerate 砾岩siltstone 粉砂岩 mudstone 泥岩 shale 页岩 saline rock 岩盐 limestone 石灰岩 dolomite 白云岩 marl 泥灰岩 volcanic breccia 火山角砾岩 volcanic agglomerate 火山块集岩 tuff 凝灰岩 metamorphic rock 变质岩slate 板岩 phyllite 千枚岩 schist 片岩 gneiss 片麻岩 quartzite 石英岩marble 大理岩 mylonite 糜棱岩 migmatite 混合岩 cataclasite 碎裂岩sediment(deposit) 沉积物、沉积层 boulder 漂石、顽石 cobble 卵石 gravel 砾石 sand 砂 silt 粉土 clay 粘土 sandy clay 砂质粘土 clayey sand 粘质砂土 sandy loam 壤土、亚黏土 regolith(topsoil) 浮土(表土) loess 黄土 laterite 红土 3 peat 泥炭 ooze 软泥(海泥) 变质岩 metamorphic rock 标准冻深 standard frost penetration 冰川沉积 glacial deposit

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药理学专业词汇（中英文对照） 第一章绪论 药理学 pharmacology 药物 drug 药物效应动力学 pharmacodynamics 药物代谢动力学 pharmacokinetics 上市后药物监测 post-marketing surveillance 第二章药物效应动力学 药物作用 pharmacological action 药理效应 pharmacological effect 治疗作用 therapeutic effect 对症治疗 symptomatic treatment 补充疗法 supplement therapy 不良反应 adverse drug reaction 副作用 side reaction 毒性反应 toxic reaction 后遗效应 after effect 变态反应 allergic reaction 剂量-效应关系 dose-effect relationship 最小有效量 minimal effective dose 最小有效浓度 minimal effective concentration 个体差异 individual variability 效价强度 potency 构效关系 structure activity relationship 激动药 agonist 拮抗药 antagonist 配体门控离子通道受体 ligand gated ion channel receptor 第三章药物代谢动力学 吸收 absorption 首关消除 first-pass elimination 静脉注射 intravenous injection 分布 distribution 生物转化 biotransformation 排泄 excretion 时量关系 time-concentration relationship 生物利用度 bioavailability 药物消除动力学过程 elimination kinetic process 一级消除动力学 first-order elimination kinetics