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It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解

“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解

"It" 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年高考的热点，因此应给予充分的重视，现将it用法归纳如下：

一、It用作实词

表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象……

二、It用作形式主语

替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

It 作形式主语的常见句型：

1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为

(1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.

此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous…

例It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license.

(2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth.

此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy.

例It's kind of you to help me with the problem.

(3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型

It's no good/use doing…

It's (well)worth doing…

It's (well)worth one's while doing/to do…

It's (well)worth while doing/ to do

例It's no use crying over spilt milk.

2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型

(1) It is + noun +从句

例It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office.

(2) It is adj. +clause

It's surp rising that… (should)………竟然……

It's a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然……

例It's important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(=It's of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.)

(3) It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause

It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze

/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that…

例It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.)

(4) It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth verb to do

(verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out)

例It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.)

(5) It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do

(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know)

例It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.)

(6) It is v-ed that … (should)…

(verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, recommend

例It is suggested that they should begin with the third question.

三、It作主语的句型

1. It takes sb. … to do…(=sb takes…to do…)某人用多长时间做某事

例It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.)

2. It's (just)(un)like sb. to do…(不)像某人做某事的风格

例It was (just) like him to think of helping us.

3. It's (about/high) time that… should /v-ed…是该做某事的时候了

例It's(about/high) time that we should take action.

4. It's the x-th time (that) … ha ve v-ed…第几次做某事了

例It's the third time that he has failed the driving test.

5. It is/has been… since …continuous v-ed(延续性动词) 某动作已有多长时间不发生了

例It's 10 years that he lived here

6. It was(not)… before…过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了

例It was not long before they arrived.

四、It 作形式宾语

用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

It 作形式宾语的常见句型：

1. verb+ it+ adj./noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)

例I think it hard for you to do the task on your own./I think it hard that you'll do the task on your own.

2. verb+it+adj./noun (one's) doing (adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=no use/no good/worth one's while/a waste of time/money/energy/words) (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)

例I'll make it worth your while telling me about his secret.

3. verb+it+ important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential that … (should)…

verb+it+of much/great/no/little importance that…(should)…

(verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, f eel, make, keep…)

例I think it important that you (should) attendthe conference.

4. verb + it+ as+ noun/adj.+ clause (verb=accept, regard, take, see, view)

例The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture.

5. v. +it + prep. + that…

owe it to sb. that…把…归功于…

leave it to sb that…把…留给某人去做

take it for granted that …想当然

keep it in mind that…

例Don't bother to arrange anything. Just leave it to me to sort out.

6. It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好恶的动词后，enjoy, like, love, dislike, resent, hate, don't mind, be fond of, feel like, see to 宾语从句紧跟it之后例I hate it you can swim so well and I can't.

7. It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面，宾语从句紧跟it之后(except that例外)

例I'm for it that you will follow their advice.

五、强调句型

It is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)… 强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。

在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点：

1. 请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句

例When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity?

2. 在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句

例It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school yesterday.

3. 在强调not … until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上

例It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was my brother.

4. 注意强调句型与定语从句的区别

例It was at 7 o'clock that he came here yesterday.( 强调句型)

It was 7 o'clock when he came here yesterday.(定语从句)

六、It 常用的固定搭配

1. make it

(1).在口语当中相当于succeed,表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达

例It's hard to make it to the top in show business.

(2).在口语中相当于fix the date for,表示“约定好时间”

例—Shall we meet next week?

—OK. We just make it next Saturday.

2. as it is

(1).相当于in fact, in reality表示“事实上，实际情况是……”

例We had planed to finish the task today, but as it is we probably won't finish it until next week.

(2).相当于方式状语从句，表示“照原样”

例Leave the table as it is.

3. as it were 相当于as one might say, that is to say, 表示“也就是说，可以说，换句话说”

例He is, as it were, a modern Sherlock Holmes.

4. if it weren't for…/if it hadn't been for…用来引导虚拟语气，相当于without, or but for, 表示“如果不是……，要不是……”

例If it weren't for Tom, I wouldn't be alive today.

5. that's it

(1). 相当于That's all. That's so much. 表示“至此为止，没有别的了”

例You can have one more sweet, and that's it.

(2). 相当于That's right.表示“对啦”

例—I guess the key to the problem is thechoice “A”

—That's it.

6. catch it 在口语中，相当于be punished/scolded for doing sth. wrong. 表示“因做错事而

挨骂，受责备，受批评，受惩罚”

例We'll really catch it form our teacher if we're late for class again.

7. have it

(1).相当于say, insist表示“说，主张，表明，硬说”

例Rumour has it that they are getting divorced.

(2).相当于get to know something,表示“了解，知道，获悉”

例I had it from John that she was going abroad.

8. have what it takes在口语中，相当于be well qualified for, 表示“具有成功的条件”

例You can take it from me that your daughter has what it takes to be a star.

9. so it seems / appears.

10. Keep at it! (Don't give up!)相当于go on,表示“继续做，不放弃”

例My teacher asked me to keep at it.

11. Go it! (Go on!) 拼命干, 莽撞

12. Now you have done it! (You have done sth. wrong.)

13. Now you'll catch it! (You'll be punished.)

14. As it happened, … 在口语中，相当于it's a pity that…, 表示“真不凑巧，真遗憾”

例As it happened, they were out.

15. As it turned out,…在口语中，相当于it was found to be in the end, 表示“最后被证明是”

例As it turned out, his statement was false.

16. Such as it is(they are) 在口语中，相当于although it may not be worth much, 表示“虽然没有多大价值”

例You can borrow my exam notebook, such as it is.

17. Take it/things easy. 相当于Don't worry or don't hurry. 用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，存住气”

例Take it easy! He will do it well.

18. Take it from me.在口语中，相当于believe me what I say.表示“请相信我的话，我敢担保”

例You can take it from me that he will make it this time.

19. For what it is worth…在口语中，相当于although I'm not sure it's of value, 表示“不管其价值如何”

例Here is the article I promise you, for what it's worth.

20. Worth it 在口语中，相当于useful, 表示“有好处，值得做”

例Don't hesitate about it! It's worth it.

21. Believe it or not.表示“信不信由你”

例Believe it or not, Tom is getting married to Mary next Sunday.

22. Take it or leave it. v. 要么接受要么放弃

例That is my last offer. You can take it or leave it.

23. It all depends/that all depends 在口语中，相当于it hasn't been decided yet, 表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”

例—Are you going to the countryside for holiday?

—It/That all depends.

24. It's up to sb. 在口语中，相当于it's decided by sb. 表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”

例—Shall we go out for dinner? —It's up to you.

固定句型及固定搭配归纳

固定句型及固定搭配归纳一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的常用动词（意思是此类动词后面要接动词时需用to do 形式，而不能用V.ing形式） afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某expect to do sth. 期待做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事manage to do sth. 设法做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词： fail to do sth. 未能做某事long to do sth. 渴望做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某struggle to do sth. 努力做某事二、接不定式作宾补的常用动词 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 = order sb. to do sth.

It作形式主语常见用法

It作形式主语常见句型 1.It + be +形容词+ that-从句可用于此句型的形容词有: wonderful, true，good，right，wrong，（un）important，useless，surprising，disturbing,frightening,alarming,clear，unusual，lucky，certain, necessary等。如： ①It is quite certain that he will be at the meeting.他将出席会议是无疑的。 ②It is surprising that he came late to school this morning.他今天早上迟到真令人惊讶。 ③It is important that we (should) study hard.我们努力学习是很重要的。注意: 该句型中的形容词是（un）important, necessary等时，从句应为(should )+动词原形。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) rember these words. 2.It + be +名词+ that-从句适用该句型的名词（词组）有: a pity，an honor，a good thing，a fact，a surprise，a question,a shame,a custom, a truth,our hope, no wonder, good/bad manners等。如： ①It is a pity (that) you missed the sports meeting last week.你错过了上周的运动会太可惜了。 ②It is a fact that Engl ish is being accepted as an international language.事实上英语已经被作为一种国际语言而接受了。

文言文中常见的固定句式

文言文中常见的固定句式文言固定句式是指由几个文言虚词搭配而成的一种固定形式的句子，这些句式在文言中有其较为固定的意义，阅读时，掌握和熟记这些较为固定的意义，有助于掌握和理解整个句子的意义。 1.“不亦……乎”连用，表反问，语气比较委婉，相当于现代汉语的"不是……吗" 例1 求剑若此，不亦惑乎译文：像这样求剑，不是糊涂吗 2."不为……乎"连用，表反问，相当于现代汉语的"不算是……吗"例 2 此不为远者小而近者大乎译文：这不算是远的小而近的大吗 3."不……则"、"不……即"连用，表选择，相当于现代汉语"不是（这样），就是（那样）"。例3 战者，必然之势也，不先于我，则先于彼，不出于西，则出于北。译文：发生战争，是必然的趋势，不是从我方发动，就是从敌方发动，不是在西边发生，就是在北边发生。例4 方春，百姓不耕即蚕，隙不可夺。译文：正当春季，老百姓不是耕种就是养蚕，一点时间也分不出来。4."非……而……"连用，表判断，相当于现代汉语的"不是……却"。例5 非字而画。译文：（纸片上面）不是写的字，而是画的画。 5."非惟……抑亦"连用，表递进，相当于现代汉语"不只……而且"。例6 非惟天时，抑亦人谋也。译文：不只是时机好，而且也是人的谋划得当啊。 6."庸……乎"连用，表疑问，相当于现代汉语的"哪里（怎么）……呢" 例7 吾师道也，夫庸之其年之先后生于吾乎译文：我学的是道理，哪里管他的年岁比我大还是小呢 7. "如何（何如）"、"奈何"、"若何（何若）"连用，表询问或商量的语气，相当于现代汉语的"怎么样（的）"、"为什么"、"怎么"等。例8 取吾璧，不予我城，奈何译文：拿了我的璧玉，不给我城，怎么办例9 非国家之利也，若何从之译文：（对楚国作战）不是从国家利益的角度来考虑，为什么要听从这种主张呢 8."如（奈、若）……何"连用，表询问，相当于现代汉语的"对……怎么样"、"把……怎么样"。例10 以残年之力，曾不能毁山之一毛，其如土石何译文：凭你衰老的年纪和余力，还不能去掉山上的一草一木，能把土和石头怎么样呢9."何……之有"连用，是"有何……"的倒装，"何"是宾语。"何……之有"表反问，相当于现代汉语的"有什么……呢" 例11 宋何罪之有译文：宋国有什么罪呢 10."得无……乎（耶、邪）"连用，表测度语气，相当于现代汉语的"该不会（恐怕、莫不是、只怕是、莫非）……吧"。例12 成反复自念，得无教我猎虫耶译文：成名一次又一次地思素，这莫非是指给捉蟋蟀的地方吗

it的用法归纳

?Never be afraid of grammar ?Collect some examples; ?Watch them very carefully; ?Find out something in common; ?Try to use the rules ---- practise. it用法完全归纳一、it 作人称代词的用法 1.指事物作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?”“It’s in the bedroom. ”“狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 2.指人 it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如： Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说It’s me。

3.代替某些代词代词it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。如： “What’s this?”“It’s a new machine. ”“这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗? 二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1.基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如： It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 2.用于某些句型 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。 It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”) It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)

英语写作常用句型及固定搭配

补充：英语写作常用句型：句子写的好坏，是文章写作成败的关键。以下一些惯用句型，实用性较强。一。开头句型： 1．As far as…is concerned,…就……而论 When it comes to sth/doing sth. 当谈论到…… 1)As far as the role of information in the future is concerned, I believe that information will play a more and more important part in people’s decision-making. 2)As far as what was mentioned above is concerned, how can we ignore the advantages travelling brings forth? 就前面所提及的而言，我们怎么可以忽视旅游带来的裨益呢？ 2．It goes without saying that…不用说 1)It goes without saying that practice makes perfect. 2)It goes without saying that reading makes a full man. 3. It can be said with certainty that…可以肯定的说 1)It can …… that cultivating a hobby can add fun to our life. 2)It can ….… that because of the knowledge, we can now enjoy a comfortable life which is brought about by advanced technology. 可以肯定地说，正由于知识我们才能享受科技进步所带来的舒适生活。 4. As the proverb says, …有句谚语说 As the saying gose, …俗话说 As the saying puts it, …俗话说 1) As the proverb says, “Honesty is the best policy.”诚实为上策。 2) As………goes, “Diligence makes up for deficiencies.”俗话说：“勤能补拙”。 3)An English proverb says, “Lost time is never found again.” 英国有句谚语说的好：“光阴如流水，一去不复回。” 5. It has to be noticed that …必须注意的是…… 1)It has to be noticed that the air we breathe is already seriously polluted by the exhaust factories and vehicles give off. 必须注意的是：我们呼吸的空气已经被工厂和交通工具所释放的废气严重污染了。 2) It has to be noticed that market all over the country are swamped with fake and poor quality products and this has greatly harmed the state’s interests and people’s health. 必须注意的是：假冒伪劣的产品充斥全国市场，这种情况大大损害了国家利益和人民的健康。 6. It’s generally recognized that …人们普遍认为 1) It’s generally recognized that college students shouldn’t try to reach after what is beyond their grasp when they choose to find a good job after graduation.人们普遍认为大学生在大学毕业后想找一个好工作时，不应该追求超出他们能力以外的目标。 2)It’s generally recognized that lazy hands makes a man poor, while diligent hands bring

it用法及句型归纳

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2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。（泛指，指代可数名词，指代人或物，同名异物） I have a bike. Do you have one Eg: (1).I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using______ now. (2) I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to buy a new _______soon. (3). that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,必须要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。（特指，指代单数或不可数，指代物，后面有定语） The coffee produced in Brazil is more famous than __________in Mexico. 四：形式主语、宾语、强调句及其他

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