欧洲文化入门复习题

《欧洲文化入门》复习题

I. Complete each of following sentences with the most likely answer. (考30题，

每题1分)

1.In ___________ the Roman conquered Greece.

th century C. 146 B. C. D. The 5A. 1200 B. C. B. 700 B. C.

2.Which of the following works described the war led by Agamemnon against the city of Troy?

Oedipus the King Iliad Odyssey Antigone D. B. C.A.3.Which of the following is NOT the plays written by Aeschylus?

A. Antigone

B. Agamemnon

C. Persians

D. Prometheus Bound

4.Which of the following is NOT the plays written by Sophocles?

A. Electra

B. Antigone

C. Trojan Woman

D. Oedipus the

King

5.Who was the founder of scientific mathematics?

A. Heracleitus

B. Aristotle

C. Socrates

D. Pythagoras

6.Who is chiefly noted for his doctrine that “man is the measure of all things”?

A. Protagoras

B. Pythagoras

C. Pyrrhon

D. Epicurus

11.Who wrote, “I came, I saw, I conquered”?

A. Horace

B. Julius Caesar

C. Virgil

D. Marcus Tullius Cicero

On the Nature of things is 12.The author of the philosophical poem

___________.

A. Virgil

B. Julius Caesar

C. Horace

D. Lucretius

13.Which of the following is not Roman architecture?

A. The Colosseum

B. The Panthenon

C. The Parthenon

D. Pont du Gard

14.Who wrote, “Captive Greece took her rude conqueror captive”?

A. Sappho

B. Plato

C. Virgil

D. Horace

15.Which of the following is by far the most influential in the West?_______

A. Buddism

B. Islamism

C. Christianity

D. Judaism

16.The Old Testament consists of 39 books, the oldest and most important of which are the first five books, called __________.

A. Exodus

B. Commandments

C. Amos

D. Pentaeuch

19.After the _______ century Nestorianism reached China.

A. sixth

B. fifth

C. second

D. third

20.Which of the following emperors made Christianity the official

religion of the empire and outlawed all other religions? __________ A. Theodosius B. Augustus C. Constantine I D. Nero Caesar

21.Which of the following emperors issued the Edict of Milan and made Christianity legal in 313? __________

A. Augustus

B. Thedosius

C. Nero

D. Constantine

I

22.At the age of 30, Jesus Christ received the baptism at the hands of _________.

A. St. Peter

B. St. Paul

C. John Baptist

D. John Wycliff

23.By 1693, the whole of the Bible had been translated in

_________languages.

A. 228

B. 974

C. 1202

D. 154

24.When printing was invented in the 1500's, the _______ Bible was the first complete work printed.

A. English

B. Latin

C. Aramaic

D. Hebrew

25.When did the standard American edition of the Revised Version appear? _______

A. 1885

B. 1611

C. 1901

D. 1979

27.The Middle Ages is also called the _________.

A. “Age of Christianity”

B. “Age of Literature”

C. “Age of Holy Spirit”

D. “Age of Faith”

28.According to the code of chivalry, which of the following is not pledged to do for a knight? _______

A. To be loyal to his lord

B. To fight for the church

C. To obey without question the orders of the abbot

D. To respect women of noble birth

29.When was a noble crowned as a knight in the Middle Ages in Western Europe?

_______

A. At the age of 14.

B. When he was taught to say his prayers, learned good manners and ran errands for the ladies.

C. At a special ceremony known as dubbing.

D. When he was pledged to fight for the church.

30.Under feudalism, what were the three classes of people of western Europe?________

A. clergy, knights and serfs

B. Pope, bishop and peasants

C. clergy, lords and peasants

D. knights, nobles and serfs

31.By which year the Moslems had taken over the last Christian stronghold

and won the crusades and ruled all the territory in Palestine that the crusaders had fought to control? ________

D. 1291A. 1270 B. 1254 C. 1096

37.Which of the following was crowned “Emperor of the Romans” by the Pope in 800? ______

A. St. Thomas Aquinas

B. Charlemagne

C. Constantine

D. King James

Opus Maius? ________

38.Who is the author of the

A. Roger Bacon

B. Dante Alighieri

C. Chaucer

D. St. Thomas Aquinas

41.Which of the following works is written by Boccaccio? _______

Decameron Canzoniers David D. C. A. B.

Moses

42.Who is the author of the painting, Betrayal of Judas? ________

A. Giotto

B. Brunelleschi

C. Donatello

D. Giorgione

43.Which of the following High Renaissance artists is the father of the modern mode of painting? _______

A. Raphael

B. Titian

C. da Vinci

D.

Michelangelo

44.Which of the following High Renaissance artists was best known for his Madona (Virgin Mary)?

A. Titian

B. da Vinci

C. Michelangelo

D. Raphael

45.Which of the following paintings was based on the story in the Bible with Maria riding on a donkey ready to face the hardship ahead? ________ Tempesta Sacred and Profane Love B. A. Flight into Egypt The Return of the D. C. Hunters

52.Which of the following works was written by Rabelais, in which he praises the greatness of man, expresses his love of love and his reverence and sympathy for humanist learning? _______

Gargantua and Pantagruel Don Quixote B. A. The Praise of Folly Utopia D. C.53.Which of the following works is worth reading for Montaigne's humanist

ideas and a style which is easy and familiar? ________

Sonnets Decameron Rabelais Of Repentance D. C. A. B.

54.Which of the following is NOT French writer poet? _______

A. Cervantes

B. Pierre de Ronsard

C. Rabelais

D. Montaigne

55.In 1516 who published the first Greek edition of the New Testament?_________

A. Bruegel

B. Erasmus

C. El Greco

D. Rabelais

The Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs is _______? 58.The author of

A. Kepler

B. Copernicus

C. Galileo

D. Newton

th century. His 59.Galileo is the greatest name in the physics of the 17telescope magnified objects _______.

A. a thousand times

B. a hundred times

C. ten-thousand times

D. five-hundred times

60.Engels said: “The revolutionary act by which natural science declared its independence… was the publication of the immortal work…”, what does the immortal work refer to ?_______

A. Sidereus Nuncius

B. New Eassays Concerning Human Understanding

C. New system of Nature

D. The Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs

65. ________ and Newton invented independently the differential and integral calculus.

A. Descartes

B. Copernicus

C. Leibniz

D. Kepler

66.Which of the following works was not written by Francis Bacon? ________

A. Essay Concerning Human Understanding

B. The Novum Organum (New Method)

C. The New Atlantis

D. The Advancement of Learning

67.Which of the following philosophers believed that man is selfish by nature? _______

A. John Locke

B. Descartes

C. Pierre Gassendi

D. Thomas Hobbes

68.In 1644, John Milton wrote a protest against a parliamentary decree re-imposing complete censorship of the press. This was his best known prose ______.

Andromaque Areopagitica B. A.Paradise Lost Paradise Regained

D. C.

69.Which of the following is NOT the content of the Bill of Rights which limited the Sovereign's power in certain important directions?

________

A. Parliament was responsible for all the law making.

B. The power of suspending the laws by royal authority was declared

to be illegal.

C. The King should levy no money at any time.

D. The King should not keep a standing army in time of peace without consent of Parliament.

78.Which of the following artists helped to bring the Roman Baroque style to its climax? ______

A. Rubens

B. Borromini

C. Caravaggio

D. Bernini

79.Which of the following artists helped to spread the Baroque style to

North Europe? ______

A. Rubens

B. Velazquez

C. Borromini

D. Bernini

th century, who won international the 17fame and his style of 80.In painting is basically classical, his figures are frozen and their action stiff? _____

A. Christopher Wren

B. Rembrandt

C. Poussin

D. Rubbens

II. Fill in the following blanks. （考10空，每空1分）

1.European culture is made up of many elements, two of these elements are considered to be more enduring and they are the Greco-Roman element

and the Judeo-Christian element.

2.The three great tragic dramatists of ancient Greece are Aeschylus,

Sophocles, and Euripides.

3.To illustrate the principle of the level, Archimedes is said to have

told the king: “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.”

th century, the emperor Constantine moved the capital from 4.In the 4Rome to Byzantium, renamed it Constantinople ( modern Istanbul ).

5.She-wolf is the statue which illustrates the legend of creation of Roman.

6.Among all the religions by which people seek to worship, Christianity

is by far the most influential in the West.

7.The Bible is a collection of religious writings comprising two parts: the Old Testament and the New Testament.

8.In European history, the thousand year period following the fall of the West Roman Empire in the fifth century is called the Middle Ages.

9.As a knight, he was pledged to protect the weak, to fight for the church, to be loyal to his lord and to respect women of noble birth. These rules were known as code of chivalry, from which the western idea of good manners developed.

10.Under feudalism, people of Western Europe were mainly divided into three classes: clergy, lords and peasants.

11.To express their religious feelings, many people in the Middle Ages went on journeys to sacred places where early Christian leaders had lived. The most important of all was Jerusalem.

Beowulf is an Anglo-Sexon epic, in alliterative verse, originating 12. from the collective efforts of oral literature.

13.Loenardo da Vinci's major works: Last Supper is the most famous of

religious pictures; Mona Lisa probably is the world's most famous

portrait.

14.The Reformation led by Martin Luther which swept over the whole of

Europe was aimed at opposing the absolute authority of the Roman

Catholic Church and replacing it with the absolute authority of the

Bible.

15.Cervantes crowned literature of Spain and Shakespeare of England

during the Renaissance.

16.The Puritan Movement was the religious cause of the English Revolution.

17.Corneille, Racine, and Moliere are the three major dramatists of the French neoclassicism in the 17th century.

III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.（考10题，每题1

分）

1.Diogenes is chiefly noted for his doctrine that “ man is the measure

of all things.” F

2.Sappho was considered the most important lyric poet of ancient Greece. T

3.Venus de Milo was discovered in the island of Milo in 1920. F

4.Roman law eventually became the core of modern civil and commercial

law in many Western countries. T

5.The Romans greatly admired Greek works and freely borrowed from them. And besides being profound, powerful and beautiful, their own writings showed little originality. F

6.After 392 A.D., Christianity had changed from an object of oppression

to a weapon in the hands of the ruling class to crush their opponents.

T

7.The Bible is much more than a religious book; it is really an encyclopedia: history, literature, philosophy and record of great

minds. T

8.The Old Testament was originally written in Hebrew, the New Testament

in a popular form of Latin. F

9.During the Medieval times there was no central government to keep the order. The only organization that seemed to unite Europe was feudalism.

F

10.Some of the hermits were great scholars known as “ Father of the Church”, whose work is generally considered orthodox. T

11.Charlemagne wanted to rule as the emperors of Rome had done in ancient times and eventually was crowned “ Emperor of the Romans” by himself

in 800. F

12.Where the impact with Italy was most strongly felt in fine arts, in France it was literature and in England it was philosophy and drama. T

13. After Reformation, in religion, Protestantism brought into being different forms of Christianity to challenge the absolute rule of the Roman Catholic Church. T

14.The Cartesian doubt is summarized in his motto: “ I doubt, therefore

I think: I think , therefore I am.” T

15.Baroque art, flourished first in Spain was characterized by dramatic intensity and sentimental appeal with a lot of emphasis on light and color. F

16.The designing and building of St. Paul's Cathedral is the landmark in French architecture. F

17.The three composers of the classical music , Bach ,Haydn and Mozart are known as the Viennese School. F

18.The representatives of the Later Romantics in music are Berlioz, Liszt, Wagner, Verdi, Brahms, and Tchaikovsky. T

th-century science with his discovery of 19.As Isaac Newton dominated 17the laws governing the bodies of the universe, so Charles Darwin

th-centuryscience, for he discovered the laws governing the dominated

18evolution of man himself. F

20.Black humor is a kind of desperate humor. It is the laughter at tragic things. Man's fate is decided by comprehensible powers. We can't do anything about it, therefore we may as well laugh. F

IV. Explain the following terms in English. （考3个名词，每词10分）

1.Humanism ---

Broadly, this term suggests any attitude, which tends to exalt the human element or stress the importance of human interests, as opposed to the supernatural, divine element—or as opposed to the grosser, animal elements. In a more specific sense, humanism suggests a devotion to those studies supposed to promote human culture most effectively—in particular,

those dealing with the life, thought, language and literature of ancient Greece and Rome. In literary of classical culture that accompanied the Renaissance.

2.Enlightenment ---

The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement originating in France, which attracted widespread support among the ruling and intellectual

th century. the 18in the second half of classes of Europe and North America It characterizes the efforts by certain European writers to use critical reason to free minds from prejudice, unexamined authority and oppression by church or State. Therefore, the Enlightenment is sometimes called the Age of Reason.

四川大学外国语学院638 基础英语、918 英语专业综合知识考

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欧洲入门文化试题及答案

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《欧洲文化入门》练习及参考答案

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