非常实用的法律词汇(中英对照)
非常实用的法律词汇（中英对照）
? 债转股debt-to-equity swap
??港元的联系汇率制the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK
dollar
??坏帐、呆帐、死帐bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad
debt/ bad loan
??反倾销措施anti-dumping measures against...
??通货紧缩deflation
??通货膨胀inflation
??非配额产品quota-free products
??非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects
??风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment
??风险基金venture capital
??风险准备金loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
??搞活国有大中型企业revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
??规模经济scale economy/ economies of scale
??国合企业(即国有合
作社)
state-owned cooperatives
??国际收支balance of international payments/ balance of payment ??国际收支不平衡disequilibrium of balance of payment
??国家补贴public subsidies
??国家现汇结存state foreign exchange reserves
??合理引导消费guide rational consumption
??季节性调价seasonal price adjustments
??既成事实established/accomplished facts
??技工贸结合的科技型企业scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development
??劳动密集性企业labor-intensive enterprises
??乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
??千年问题、千年虫millennium bug
??企业技术改造technological updating of enterprises ??企业亏损补贴subsidies to cover enterprise losses ??实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to
??平等互利、讲效、形式多
样、共同发展的方针pursuing practical results, adopting various ways and seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development
??瓶颈制约"bottleneck" restrictions
??市场准人的行政管
理措施
AAMA: Administrative Aspects of Market Access
??亚太工商咨询理事
会
ABAC: APEC Business Advisory Council
??亚太商业论坛ABF: APEC Business Forum
??亚太通讯与数据系
统
ACDS: APEC Communications and Database System
??亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心ACTETSME: APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises
??亚洲开发银行ADB: Asian Development Bank
??亚太经合组织经济
领导人会议
AELM: APEC Economic Leaders Meeting ??东盟自由贸易区AFTA: ASEAN Free Trade Area
??亚太经合组织部长
级会议
AMM: APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
??澳新紧密经济关系协定ANZCERTA: Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
??亚太商业网络APB-Net: Asia-Pacific Business Network
??亚太经济合作组织APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
??亚太能源研究中心APERC: Asia Pacific Energy Research Center ??亚太信息基础设施APII: Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure
??亚太实验室认可合作APLAC: Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
??亚太法定计量论坛APLMF: Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
??亚太计量程序APMP: Asia Pacific Metrology Program
??东南亚国家联盟ASEAN: Association of South-East Asian Nations ??亚欧会议ASEM: Asia-Europe Meeting
??农业技术合作ATC: Agricultural Technical Cooperation
??民事civil
??民事civil affairs;affairs relating to civil law
??民事上的占有civil possesion
??民事上的没收civil forfeiture
??民事上诉civil appeal
??民事主体civil subject
??民事法律关系civil legal relationship
??民事活动activity relating to civil law
??民事纠纷civil dispute
??民事客体civil object
??民事原告civil plaintiff
??民事被告civil defendant
??民事指控civil charge
??民事案件civil case
??民事过失civil negligence
??民事责任事故accident involving civil liability
??民事补偿civil remedy
??民事诉讼civil action
??民事损害civil injury
??民事债务civil debt
??民事管辖civil jurisdiction
??民事制裁civil sanction
??民事审判civil trial
??民事调解civil mediation
??民事罚款civil penalty
??民事权利争议dispute concerning private rights
??民事权利剥夺deprived of private rights
??民事权利请求civil claim
??民事权利变更alternation of private right
??民政civil administraion
??民事权利与责任civil right and liability
??民事权利civil right
??人身权利jura personarum; rights of the person ??人格权right of personality
??上诉权right of appeal
??不受时效限制权imprescriptible right
??立遗嘱权right to make a will
??合法权利legal right
??共有权communal tenure
??求偿权recoupment; recourse
??居住权right of habitation
??使用权right of use
??委任权power of pocuration
??财产权proprietatis; property right
??财产让与权benefit of cession
??起诉权right of action
??采光权right of ancient lights
??专用权sole right of use
??专有权exclusive power
??专利申请权clailm of patent application
??控告权right of complaint
??答辩权right of reply
??解释权right to interpret
??经济权利economic right ??债的请求权debt claim
??监护权guardianship ??选择权right of choice ??转卖权right of resale
??（当事方为进行仲裁或接受国际法院的管辖权而签订的）协定compromis: a special agreement between States to submit a particular issue either to an arbitral tribunal or to the International Court of Justice
??事实上de facto: existing as a matter of fact rather than of right ??法律上de jure: as a matter of legal right
??根据公允及善意的原则ex aeque et bono: as a result of fair dealing and good conscience
??出于善意的ex gratia: done as a matter of favour (An ex gratia
payment is one not required to be made by a legal
duty.)
??依职权而自然获得ex officio: by virtue of holding an office
??事后的；溯及既往的e x post facto: by a subsequent act (describing any
legal act, such as a statute, which has retrospective
effect)
??主动的，自愿的ex proprio motu(ex mero motu): of his own motion
??不可抗力force majueure(法语): irresistible compulsion or
coercion
??强制法jus cogens(ius congens): coercive law; a rule or
principle in international law that is so fundamental that
it bins all states and does not allow any exceptions
??万民法，万国法，国
际法
jus gentium: the law of people; international law
??法无明文不处罚nulla poena sine lege: no penalty(punishment) without
a law
??法无明文不为罪nullum crimen sine lege: no crime without a law
??条约必须遵守原则pact sunt servand: a pact is not to be surrendered
(agreements are to be kept)
??自身，本身；本质上p er se
??不受欢迎的人
（personna grata受欢
迎的人）
personna non-grata
??初步的，表面上的prima facie: at first appearance; on the face of things ??情势变迁原则rebus sic standibus: change of circumstances
??无主物res nullius: an asset susceptible of acquisition but
presently under the ownership or sovereignty of no
legal person
??未确定时日的sine die: without a date
??越权行为（与intra
ultra vires(act)
vires相对）
??占领地保有原则uti possidetis
?Lesson Six
??民事责任civil liability
??不履行法律责任omission
??共同连带责任joint and separate responsibility ??完全责任full liability
??侵权责任liability for tort
??连带责任joint liability
??财产责任property liability
??过失责任fault liability
??替代责任vicarious liability
??无限责任unlimited liability
??单独责任solitary liability
??道德责任moral obligation
??监护责任liability of guardian
??严格责任赔偿strict liability
非常实用的法律词汇(中英对照)
非常实用的法律词汇（中英对照） ? 债转股debt-to-equity swap ??港元的联系汇率制the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar ??坏帐、呆帐、死帐bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan ??反倾销措施anti-dumping measures against... ??通货紧缩deflation ??通货膨胀inflation ??非配额产品quota-free products ??非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects ??风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment ??风险基金venture capital ??风险准备金loan loss provision/ provisions of risk ??搞活国有大中型企业revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises ??规模经济scale economy/ economies of scale ??国合企业(即国有合 作社) state-owned cooperatives ??国际收支balance of international payments/ balance of payment ??国际收支不平衡disequilibrium of balance of payment ??国家补贴public subsidies ??国家现汇结存state foreign exchange reserves ??合理引导消费guide rational consumption ??季节性调价seasonal price adjustments ??既成事实established/accomplished facts ??技工贸结合的科技型企业scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development ??劳动密集性企业labor-intensive enterprises ??乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises ??千年问题、千年虫millennium bug ??企业技术改造technological updating of enterprises ??企业亏损补贴subsidies to cover enterprise losses ??实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to ??平等互利、讲求实效、形式多 样、共同发展的方针pursuing practical results, adopting various ways and seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development
诉讼法律术语(英文)
. 案件case 案件发回remand/rimit a case （to a low court） 案件名称title of a case 案卷材料materials in the case 案情陈述书statement of case 案外人person other than involved in the case 案值total value involved in the case 败诉方losing party 办案人员personnel handling a case 保全措施申请书application for protective measures 报案report a case （to security authorities） 被告defendant; the accused 被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused 被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder 被害人victim 被害人的诉讼代理人victim's agent ad litem 被上诉人respondent; the appellee 被申请人respondent 被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed 被执行人person subject to enforcement 本诉principal action 必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation 变通管辖jurisdiction by accord 辩护defense 辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer 辩护人defender 辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence 辩论阶段stage of court debate 驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim 驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion 驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling 驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit 驳回通知书notice of dismissal 驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution 驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case 补充答辩supplementary answer 补充判决supplementary judgement 补充侦查supplementary investigation 不公开审理trial in camera 不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing
常见常用专利及申请相关词汇--中英文对照
常见常用专利及申请相关词汇--中英文对照 abandonment of a patent 放弃专利权 abandonment of a patent application 放弃专利申请 abridgment 文摘 abstract 文摘(摘要) abuse of patent 滥用专利权 action for infringement of patent 专利侵权诉讼 action of a patent 专利诉讼 address for service 文件送达地址 affidavit 誓书 allowance 准许 amendment 修改 annual fee 年费 annuity 年费 anticipation 占先 appeal 上诉 appellation of origin 原产地名称 applicant for patent 专利申请人 application date 申请日期 application documents 申请案文件 application fee 申请费 application for patent 专利申请(案) application laying open for public inspection 公开供公众审查的申请 application number 申请号 application papers 申请案文件 arbitration 仲裁 art 技术 article of manufacture 制品 assignee 受让人 assignment 转让 assignor 转让人 author of the invention 发明人 author's certificate 发明人证书 basic patent 基本专利 Berne Convention 伯尔尼公约 Berne Union 伯尔尼联盟 best mode 最佳方式 bibliographic data 著录资料 BIRPI 保护知识产权联合国国际局 board of appeals 申诉委员会 breach of confidence 泄密 Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the
公司法中英词汇对照
VOCABULARY OF CORPORATION LAW IN ENGLISH 1.公司corporation; company 2.合伙partnership 3.合股公司joint-stock company 4.特许公司chartered corporation 5.注册公司registered corporation 6.法定公司statutory corporation 7.无限公司unlimited corporation 8.有限责任公司limited corporation; company with limited liability 9.股份有限公司company limited by shares 10.母公司parent corporation 11.子公司subsidiaries 12.总公司Headquarter; Main Branch 13.分公司branch 14.国有独资公司wholly state-owned company 15.上市公司quoted corporation; listed company 16.公司集团groups of companies 17.保证公司limited by guarantee 18.慈善公司charitable corporation 19.控股公司holding corporation; holding company 20.公开公司publicly held corporation 21.闭锁公司closely held corporation 22.公公司pub1ic company 23.私公司private company 24.一人公司one-person company 25.一人有限责任公司one-person company with limited liability 26.外国公司的分支机构branches of foreign company 27.公司设立incorporation 28.组织机构organizational structure 29.股权转让equity transfer 30.股份发行issue of shares 31.股份转让transfer of shares 32.股东大会shareholders general assembly 33.公司债券corporate bonds 34.财务financial affairs 35.会计accounting 36.公司合并merger of companies 37.公司分立division of companies 38.增资increase of capital 39.减资reduction of capital 40.公司解散和清算dissolution and liquidation of company 41.企业法人an enterprise legal person 42.名称name 43.住所domicile 44.注册资本registered capital 45.实收资本actually received capital 46.换发营业执照renew business license 47.符合法律规定的条件meet the conditions provided for by law 48.债权the rights of credit 49.债务the debts 50.主要办事机构main administrative organization 51.对……有约束力have binding force on 52.法人资格the status of a legal person 53.公司治理corporation governance 54.公司人格corporation personality 55.契约contract 56.公司法人格否认Disregard of Corporate Personality 57.刺破公司面纱Piercing the Corporate Veil 58.揭开公司面纱Lifting the veil of the Corporation 59.普通合伙general partnership 60.有限合伙Limited partnerships 61.合伙人partner 62.有限责任limited liability 63.公司章程articles of association 64.注册证书certificate of incorporation articles of incorporation 65.发起人的受托义务promoter’s fiduciary obligation 66.认购协议subscription agreement 67.既成事实公司de facto corporation 68.法律上的公司de jure corporation 69.公司设立瑕疵defective incorporation 70.受托人义务fiduciary obligation 71.结论性证据conclusive evidence 72.股份share 73.股息dividends 74.关联第三方connected third parties 75.出资（投资）invest 76.股东shareholder 77.小股东minority shareholder 78.单个股东individual shareholder 79.消极股东passive shareholder 80.积极股东active shareholder 81.逆向合并reverse merger 82.正向合并forward merger 83.股权收购share acquisition 84.收购公司acquiring company 85.(收购)目标公司target company 86.资产收购asset acquisition 87.公司责任liability of corporation 88.公司结构（组织）corporation structure 89.董事director 90.高级职员officer 91.股东权powers of shareholder 92.选任elect 93.解任remove 94.年会（常会）annual meeting 95.兼并merger 96.解散dissolution 97.自愿解散voluntary dissolution 98.强制解散involuntary dissolution 99.法院解散judicial dissolution 100.清算liquidation 101.董事会board of directors 102.经理manager 103.监事会board of supervisors 104.累计投票权cumulative voting right 105.任期term 106.董事的延期holdover director 107.董事的解除removal of director 108.董事会会议directors’ meeting 109.公告notice 110.法定人数quorum 111.少数lower number 112.绝对多数super majority 113.自己表决present at vote 114.多数higher number 115.委员会committee 116.细则bylaw 117.董事长president; the chairman of the board of directors 118.执行董事the executive director 119.公司秘书secretary 120.股东诉讼shareholders ’action 121.股东的信息获取权shareholders’ informational right
法律专业词汇中英对照(a,b)
法律专业词汇中英对照(a,b) action of debt 债务诉讼 acquit 无罪 adjourn 暂时停止执行 administrative decision 行政判决结果 ad damnum 主张一定数额的赔偿金 adverse judgement 不利的判决 affidavit 传票送达人所写的切结书 affirm 确定原判决 affirm defence 积极的抗辩 agency stage 行政机关的裁决 agency hearing 听证会 allegation 主张的事实 american law 美国法 an ex parte hearing 一方当事人到庭说明an adversary hearing 双方当事人到庭辩论answer 答辩状 appellate jurisdiction 上诉管辖权appeal 上诉
appellant 上诉人 appellee 被上诉人 appropriate 永久占有 arrest the judgement 暂时终止法院判决结果 arraignment 刑事案件法官与当事人之间安排案件的程序assigned counsel 公设辩护人 assumpsit 承诺履行 bailment 寄托制度 bail 保释 beyond the reasonable doubt 超越合理的怀疑 bill of Middlesex 早期诉讼当事人向国王秘书处申请的令状，同意发给后才能到 国王法院进行诉讼 bailliff 法庭内的法警 bias 偏见 bench of conference 到法官室或法官面前进行会议 bond 提供担保 burden of proof 举证责任 from：http://www./classroom/flyy/
法律英语词汇大全(完美版)
法律渊源source of law 制定法statute 判例法case law; precedent 普通法common law 特别法special law 固有法native law; indigenous law 继受法adopted law 实体法substantial law 程序法procedural law 原则法fundamental law 例外法exception law 司法解释judicial interpretation 习惯法customary law 公序良俗public order and moral 自然法natural law 罗马法Roman Law 私法private law 公法public law 市民法jus civile 万民法jus gentium 民法法系civil law system 英美法系system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系civil law system 普通法common law 大陆法continental law 罗马法系Roman law system 衡平法equity; law of equity 日尔曼法Germantic law 教会法ecclesiastical law 寺院法canon law 伊斯兰法Islamic law 民法法律规范norm of civil law 授权规范authorization norm 禁止规范forbidding norm 义务性规范obligatory norm 命令性规范commanding norm 民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality 自愿原则principle of free will 公平原则principle of justice 等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith 行为act 作为ac 不作为omission 合法行为lawful act 违法行为unlawful act 民事权利权利能力civil right 绝对权absolute right 相对权relative right 优先权right of priority 先买权preemption 原权antecedent right 救济权right of relief 支配权right of dominion 请求权right of claim 物上请求权right of claim for real thing 形成权right of formation 撤销权right of claiming cancellation
诉讼法律英语词汇 中英文对照
案件 case 案件发回 remand/rimit a case （to a low court） 案件名称 title of a case 案卷材料 materials in the case 案情陈述书 statement of case 案外人 person other than involved in the case 案值 total value involved in the case 败诉方 losing party 办案人员 personnel handling a case 保全措施申请书 application for protective measures 报案 report a case （to security authorities） 被告 defendant; the accused 被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused 被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder 被害人 victim 被害人的诉讼代理人 victim's agent ad litem 被上诉人 respondent; the appellee 被申请人 respondent 被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed 被执行人 person subject to enforcement 本诉 principal action 必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation
变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord 辩护 defense 辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer 辩护人 defender 辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence 辩论阶段 stage of court debate 驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim 驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion 驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling 驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit 驳回通知书 notice of dismissal 驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution 驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case 补充答辩 supplementary answer 补充判决 supplementary judgement 补充侦查 supplementary investigation 不公开审理 trial in camera 不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing 不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest 不起诉 nol pros 不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court
PEVC法律术语英文版
This sample document is the work product of a national coalition of attorneys who specialize in venture capital financings, working under the auspices of the NVCA. This document is intended to serve as a starting point only, and should be tailored to meet your specific requirements. This document should not be construed as legal advice for any particular facts or circumstances. Note that this sample document presents an array of (often mutually exclusive) options with respect to particular deal provisions. TERM SHEET
This term sheet maps to the NVCA Model Documents, and for convenience the provisions are grouped according to the particular Model Document in which they may be found. Although this term sheet is perhaps somewhat longer than a "typical" VC Term Sheet, the aim is to provide a level of detail that makes the term sheet useful as both a road map for the document drafters and as a reference source for the business people to quickly find deal terms without the necessity of having to consult the legal documents (assuming of course there have been no changes to the material deal terms prior to execution of the final documents).
汉英对照法律专业词汇(民商事通用语)
汉英对照法律专业词汇（民商事通用语） 1、民法通则：General Principles of the Civil Law 2、民事权益：civil rights and interests 3、平等主体：civil subjects with equal status 4、财产关系和人身关系：property relationships and personal relationships 5、等价有偿：making compensation for equal value 6、诚实信用：honesty and credibility 7、适用中国法律：be governed by the law of PRC （The law of PRC shall apply to） 8、法律另有规定：otherwise stipulated by law 9、无国籍人：stateless persons 10、民事权利能力：the capacity for civil rights 11、完全民事权利能力：full capacity for civil conduct 12、限制民事行为能力人：a person with limited capacity for civil conduct 13、无民事行为能力人：a person having no capacity for civil conduct 14、法定代理人：agent ad litem 15、代理民事活动：be represented in civil activities by
16、监护人：guardian 17、户籍所在地：the place where his residence is registered 18、住所：domicile 19、经常居住地：habitual residence 20、居民委员会：the neighborhood committee 21、村民委员会：the village committee 22、民政部门：the civil affairs department 23、履行监护职责：fulfill duty of guardianship 24、承担责任：be held responsible 25、造成财产损失：cause any property loss 26、宣告为无（限制）民事行为能力人：declare …to be a person to be without or with limited capacity for civil conduct 27、下落不明one's whereabouts have been unknown 28、个体工商户：individual businesses 29、农村承包经营户：leaseholding farm households 30、个人合伙：individual partnership 31、合伙人：partnerss 32、承担民事责任：bear civil liability for 33、按照出资比例：in proportion to one's respective contributions to the investment 34、承担连带责任：undertake joint liability for
(完整版)陶瓷术语中英文对照
精心整理 陶瓷术语中英文对照 白云土dolomite 长石feldspar 瓷泥petunse,petuntse,petuntze 瓷漆enamelpaint,enamel 封泥lute 高岭土kaolin,chinaclay 硅石,二氧化硅silica,SiO2 堇青石 莫来石, 泥果, 石灰, 氧化锡 釉 原材料 云母 皂石, 其它 斑点 半透明 茶叶罐 单色的 镀金 多色的 高白 工艺品 建白材料construction/buildingmaterial 景德镇Jingdexhen,Ching-te-chen 景泰蓝cloisonné 绝缘子insulator 考古学archaeology 可塑的plastic 流变学rheology 琉璃瓦glazedtile模型、模特model 模子mould
耐热heat-proof 配方formula 盆栽bonsai 漆器lacquerwork 器皿ware 秦始皇陵兵马俑life-sizeterra-cottasoldiersandhorsesinChintomb 青铜器bronzework 人类学antropology 渗透的porous 手印，指印fingermark 首饰盒jewelcase 四面体 陶瓷的 陶工 瓦tile 温度 硬度 釉工 砖 何朝宗 薄胎瓷thinchina 彩陶器,釉陶faience 陈设瓷,摆设瓷displaychina 瓷porcelain,china(China‘中国’来自’Chin’’秦’,在英文中’中国’和’瓷’同一单词) 赤陶terracotta,terracotta,redearthenware 代尔夫精陶delft 德化陶瓷Te-huaporcelain,Dehuapottery 高温陶瓷refractorychina 工业陶瓷industrialceramics
课程教学大纲(美国法律与法律体系英汉对照)
The Jurisprudence of GATT & the WTO Course Syllabus 《美国法律制度》课程教学大纲 Name : American law and legal systems 课程名称：美国法律与法律体系(双语教学) Code: 课程编码： Semester: 7 开课学期：第7学期 No. of hours and credits: 32 hrs，2 credits 学时数、学分数：32学时，2学分 Applicable specialty: law 适用专业：法学 Succedent course: No 后续课程：无 1. Objectives and tasks 教学目的与任务 American law and legal systems is taked as an elective course. The objectives of the course are to have students know subjuct matter about the history and the law,court organization,procedure and evidence, and understand the basic legal system of the U.S.A. such as constitution law,criminal law，administrative law，etc after students complete the course. Students are required to have a preliminary understanding of the legal research. 美国法律与法律体系是门选修课。通过本课程的教学，希望学生了解法与历史的关系、美国法院体系、程序与证据；了解美国法律制度中的一些重要部门法，如宪法、刑法、行政法等。同时要求掌握一些基本的法律研究方法。 Through the study of the course, it is expected that students will grasp the current tendency of American law and legal systems, have the capacity of referring to references themselves, and strengthen their enthusiasm about American law and
常用法律词汇英文表达汇总
A b i n i t i o 从开始形容事件由开始时的状态，例如合约从开始便已经无效，称为“The contract was void ab initio”。 Accused 被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。 Acquittal 罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。Acquittal是名词。 Adjourn 休庭，押后法庭在聆讯途中暂时休庭30分钟，称为“adjourned for 30 minutes”。如要将聆讯押后再排期重审，称为“adjourned to a date to be fixed”。 Affidavit 誓章以宗教仪式发誓后签署的书面证供称为Affidavit，而以真诚发誓所签署的证供称为Affirmation，两者的格式用词有些分别，但主要作用相同。Allegation 声称诉讼陈词中未经证实的声言，例如：The Plaintiff alleged that his loss was due to the Defendant’s breach of contract，原告声称他的损失是被告违约所引致。Allegation是名词。 Assault 殴打，侵犯以武力侵犯他人的行为，称为Assault，一般性质的殴打，称为“Common Assault”；严重者称为Aggravated Assault；未经许可触摸他人身体，可以被控非礼，称为Indecent Assault。 As is 现状“As is”常用于物业买卖的合约中，指物业的现状。“The property is and will be sold on an “as is”basis …”即物业将会以其现状出售。 Bail 保释刑事案中的疑犯或被告，可以暂时被释放。保释可以是有条件的，也可以是无条件的。保释的条件包括缴交指定金额的保释金、提供人事担保及定时向警署报到等。 Balance of Probabilities 可能性较高者这是民事案件中举证的标准，法庭对原告和被告所提出的证据，认为那一方的可信性较高，便会判处该方胜诉。相对刑事案而言，民事案中败诉的后果一般都只是经济利益，所以法庭对举证的要求，相对也较刑事案为低。Beyond reasonable doubt 无合理疑点这是刑事案件中举证的标准，控方向法庭提出的证据，必须是在合理的情况下并无疑点，法庭才会判处被告有罪。刑事罪的后果对被告而言，较为严重，举证标准的要求也因此而较民事案严格，如果法庭认为证据有任何疑点，都会将疑点的利益“benefit of doubt”归于被告。 Binding
法律术语中英文对照
case law 案例法 cause of action 起诉理由 chancellor衡平法官 chancery division 衡平法庭 circuit court 巡回法院 civil law 大陆法 civil right act 人权法案 civil procedure 民事诉讼法 clerk书记官 closing argument 诉讼结论 co－defedant共同被告 common law 普通法、习惯法、一致法、共同法compurgation宣誓采证法 compurgatory宣誓采证法中的证人complaint起诉状 concurrent jurisdiction 竞合管辖权consideration约因 consortium婚姻生活权；配偶权；亲权contempt of court 藐视法庭罪 contract under seal 封印契约 contributory negligence 加工过失corpusjurissecundum美国法律百科全书counterclaim反诉 court of common pleas 民诉法院 court of king's bench 王室法院 court of exchequer 财务法院 court of exchequer chamber 财务上诉法院country court 乡镇法院 court of common bench 民诉法院 court of chancery 衡平法院
court of justice of the peace 地方治安法院 court of probate 遗嘱继承法院 court of divorce 婚姻法院 court of appeal in chancery 衡平上诉法院 court of crown cases reserved 皇室上诉法院 court of assize 巡回法院 court of outside the united kingdom 英国境外各法院court of first instance 第一审法院 court of second instance 第二审法院 court of the international trade 国际贸易法院 court of appeals for the federal circuit 联邦巡回上诉法院covenant封印契约赔偿令状 cross claim 被告间诉讼 crossexamnation复向对方提出之证人 curiaregis国王的法院 damages损害赔偿 debt返还确定金钱的令状 decree衡平法院作成的判决 deductive reasoning 演绎法 defaultjudgement一造判决 defendant被告 defendant in error 被上诉人 demurrer驳回 deposition诘问内容作成的笔录 detinue非法留置的动产回复令状 dialectical reasoning 论理（辩证）方法 direct examination 诘问自己提出辩证 direct verdict 法官指示陪审团作出直接判决 discovery process 发现程序 dismiss驳回
法律词汇汉英互译
法律词汇汉英互译 废除repeal 分割partition 分居live separate and apart 分离severance 分期付款installment payment 分期付款by instalment 分期支付by instalment 分权共有人co-owner 分权学说doctrine of separation of powers 分摊apportion 分租sub-lease 纷争的解决settlement to disputes 丰宁满族自治县Fengning Manchu Autonomous Region 风险投资venture capital 封宗法主意思想feudal legal thought 佛山市Foshan Municipality 否定repudiate 否决权veto power 否认deny
否认立约non est factum 夫妻spouse 夫妻感情goodwill as between spouses 夫妻共同所有财产joint property of the spouses 夫妻关系spousal relationship 夫妻关系中的子女a child of a union of concubinage 夫妻间有互相扶养的义务mutual obligation between spouses for maintenance of one another 夫妻名义pugitive spouses 夫妻身份spousal relationship 夫妻在婚姻关系存续期间while a spousal relationship subsists 扶养的义务mutual maintenance support obligation 扶养费maintenance 符号sign 福利社会welfare society 福州市Fuzhou Municipality 抚顺市Fushun Municipality 抚养foster 抚养费cost of maintenance 抚养关系的继父子foster father and son relationship 父母权parental right