综合学术英语翻译
综合学术英语翻译
Unit 1
1.无论是谁，闯红灯都是对公共安全的极端漠视。（complete disregard for）
Whoever run the red light shows a complete disregard for public safety.
2.他解释说，成功不过是自己对艺术的执着追求和运气罢了。（nothing more
than）
Success, as he explained, was nothing more than a consistent pursuit of art and good luck.
3.这个新产品得益于生物学与医学的交叉研究。（at the crossroads between）
The new product has benefited from research work at the crossroads between biological and medical studies.
4.他的观点与那位伟大哲学家的思想惊人地相似，但他声称从未听说过其观点。
（echo）
It was amazing that this idea well echoed the great philosopher’s belief, which he claimed not to have heard about before.
5.队员们进行了为期一个月的紧张训练，充分做好准备，以应对可能发生的各
种突发情况。（prepare…well for）
The one-month intense training program prepared the team members well for the possible emergencies.
6.那位环保人士所做的演讲生动有力，给现场观众留下了深刻的印象。（be
impressed with）
The audience was deeply impressed with the vigor and power of the speech delivered by the environmentalist.
7.这次旅行将为你提供一个难得的体验不同生活方式的机会。（sample）
This traveling experience will provide you with a rare opportunity to sample a different way of life.
8.充分利用有限时间是适应快节奏现代生活的必备技能之一。（use time to its
fullest potential）
Using the limited time to its fullest potential is one of the must-have/required
skills in adapting to the fast-paced modern life.
9.机器人正在被越来越多的国家用来应对各种问题。(bring…to bear on)
More and more countries are bringing robots to bear on their various problems.
10.这些学生从小就得到鼓励，去追求自己广泛的兴趣，而不受传统教育观念中
“乖学生”理念的束缚。(boundless…beyond…boundaries)
These students are encouraged from a very early age to follow their own boundless interests well beyond the boundaries of conventional belief in obedient learning.
Unit2
1.每次参加会议我们总能听到变化与挑战。（could… not without）
We could not attend a conference without hearing some talks about change and challenge.
2.按照很多报告，特别是来自乡村地区的报告，形式还是很乐观的。（in the light
of）
Things seem highly optimistic in the light of numerous reports, especially from country districts.
3.城市化应该得到适当地控制，我赞成这样的观点。（in favor of ）
I am in favor of the argument that urbanization should be controlled properly.
4.我开始慢慢明白，我仍然热爱我所做的一切。（dawn on）
Something slowly began to dawn on me—I still loved what I did.
5.我的电脑不能工作了，可能是一些病毒使电脑瘫痪了。（be rendered）
My computer does not work because it was rendered paralyzed by some viruses.
6.专家们正在研究所讨论的方案，他们会给出解答的。（in question, come to an
answer）
Experts are working on the plan in question. And they’ll come to an answer.
7.从逻辑上看，全国统一的课程是与以学生为中心的学习理念格格不入的。
（curriculum, in compatible with）
A national curriculum frame work is logically incompatible with pupil-centered
8.许多女性获得了事业上的成功，却牺牲了她们的婚姻生活。（at the price of）
For many women success is often achieved at the price of their marriage life.
9.我做了多次尝试，最后才成功考入了一个重点大学。（attempts）
Many attempts had been made before I successfully entered a key university. 10.明天很有可能会转晴。（there is a chance that）
There is a good chance that it will turn fine tomorrow.
Unit3
1.人们必须意识到中国在上个世纪经历了很多变革。（experience）
It must be realized that China experienced a great transformation in the last century.
2.然而，大多数美国人对中国和中国人民是否有正确的了解，这一点并不能确
定。（questionable）
However, it is rather questionable whether the majority of Americans know the truth about China and Chinese people.
3.所有这些信息可以通过简单的图表来传达。（convey）
All of the information can be conveyed by simple graphs.
4.让我们的孩子把这一教训融入到他们对世界的看法中很重要。（absorb）
It is essential that our children absorb this lesson into their outlook on the world.
5.这是我们所有人都可以牢记在心的教训。（heart）
It is a lesson that all of us should take to heart.
6.许多发明是起源于中国的，我们不应忽视这个事实。（sight）
We must never lose sight of the fact that many inventions originated in China. 7.我们大多数人想当然地认为技术是经济发展的最闪耀的亮点。（granted）
Many of us take it for granted that technology is the top priority in economic development.
8.怎么能在正确的地点和合适的时间拥有恰到好处的资料？（how was it that）
How was it that you had the right information at the right place and at the right
9.最能说明高等教育重要性的是许多大学生成为各个领域的领军人物。（no
better illustration）
I can think of no better illustration of the importance of higher education than
the fact that many university graduates have become the leaders in various fields.
10.人们要求增加工资既是为了更多的钱，也是为了他们的成功获得认可。（as
much... as）
The demand for a raise reflects as much admire for the recognition of their success as for more money.
Unit 4
1.十七世纪早期所提出的这一经典理论在现代化学界仍具解释力。（valid）
The classical theory, which was proposed in the early 17th century, still remains valid in modern chemical thought.
2.空气质量的最新报告结果让人担忧，报告让我们看到了严峻的空气污染问
题。（present to）
The present report on air quality is alarming, which has presented a severe problem of air pollution to us.
3.他对宇宙结构的看法给不同领域的研究均带来了巨大影响，该观点是在其
最著名的书中提出的。（contain）
His idea on the structure of the universe, as contained in his best-known book, has had great influence on various fields of study.
4.只有给予全球性广泛关注，污染问题才可能得以解决。（solution）
There is no solution to the pollution problem except ensuring global attention on the issue.
5.据报道，全球变暖趋势已对许多物种造成了威胁。（report）
Global warming is reported to have posed a great threat to many spices.
6.这个化学反应十分剧烈，需在催化剂（catalyst）和高温作用下才能进行。
（be made possible by）
The chemical reaction, made possible by the catalyst and high temperature, is very violent.
7.专家正在努力解决现存问题，期待不久将会有更好地产品问世。（expect）
A better design is to be expected as experts are working hard on the remaining
problems.
8.从现实角度看，比起读大学，自主创业的机遇对他更具吸引力。（as seen
from…viewpoint）
The opportunity to start his own business is more attractive to him than entering a college, as seen from the practical viewpoint.
9.这一理论的提出最初是受到了爱因斯坦所发现的质能关系的启发。（insight）
Einstein’s discovery of the relationship between mass and energy gave the original insight into this theory.
10.这一结论让我们回归本文开头提出的问题：如何给科学发明下一个定义，
怎样为科学发明在现代社会中发挥的作用做出合理评价。（return）
This conclusion makes us return t the questions that we started the essay with ——how to define scientific inventions, and how to give a valid evaluation as to the role they play in modern society.
学术英语 课文翻译
U8 A 1 在过去的30年里，作为一个专业的大提琴演奏家，我花了相当于整整20年时间在路上执行和学习音乐传统和文化。我的旅行使我相信在我们的全球化的世界中，文化传统来自于一个身份、社会稳定和富有同情心的互动的基本框架。 2 世界在快速改变，正如我们一定会创造不稳定的文化，让人质疑他们的地方。全球化使我们服从于别人的规则，这往往会威胁到个人的身份。这自然使我们紧张，因为这些规则要求我们改变传统习惯。所以如今全球领导者的关键问题是：如何使习惯和文化发展到融入更大的行星，同时不必牺牲鲜明特色和个人的骄傲？ 3 我的音乐旅程提醒了我，全球化带来的相互作用不只是摧毁文化；他们能够创造新的文化，生机，传播存在已久的传统。这不像生态“边缘效应”，它是用来描述两个不同的生态系统相遇发生了什么，例如，森林和草原。在这个接口，那里是最小密度和生命形式的最大的多样性，每种生物都可以从这两个生态系统的核心作画。有时最有趣的事情发生在边缘。在交叉口可以显示意想不到的连接。 4 文化是一个由世界每个角落的礼物组成的织物。发现世界的一种方式是例如通过深入挖掘其传统。例如音乐方面，在任何的大提琴演奏家的曲目的核心是由巴赫大提琴组曲。每个组件的核心是一个称为萨拉班德舞曲的舞蹈动作。这种舞蹈起源于北非的柏柏尔人的音乐，它是一个缓慢的、性感的舞蹈。它后来出现在西班牙，在那里被禁止，因为它被认为是下流的。西班牙人把它带到了美洲，也去了法国，在那里成为一个优雅的舞蹈。在1720年，巴赫公司的萨拉班德在他的大提琴组曲运动。今天，我扮演巴赫，一个巴黎裔美国人的中国血统的音乐家。所以谁真正拥有的萨拉班德？每一种文化都采用了音乐，使其具有特定的内涵，但每一种文化都必须共享所有权：它属于我们所有人。 5 1998年，我从丝绸之路发现在数千年来从地中海和太平洋许多文化间观念的流动。当丝绸之路合奏团执行，我们试图把世界上大部分集中在一个阶段。它的成员是一个名家的同等团体，大师的生活传统是欧洲、阿拉伯、阿塞拜疆、亚美尼亚、波斯、俄罗斯、中亚、印度、蒙古、中国、韩国或日本。他们都慷慨地分享他们的知识，并好奇和渴望学习其他形式的表达。 6 在过去的几年里，我们发现每一个传统都是成功的发明的结果。确保传统的生存的一个最好的方法是由有机进化，目前利用我们所有可用的工具。通过录音和电影；通过驻在博物馆、大学、设计学校和城市；通过表演从教室到体育场，合奏的音乐家，包括我自己，学习有用的技能。回到家中，我们和其他人分享这些技能，确保我们的传统在文化桌上有一席之地。 7 我们发现，在本国执行传统出口的是国外激励从业者。最重要的是，我们对彼此的音乐发展出了激情，并建立了相互尊重、友谊和信任的纽带，每一次我们都在舞台上这都是可触及的。这种欢乐的互动是为了一个理想的共同的更大的目标：我们始终能够通过友好的对话解决任何分歧。我们相互开放，我们形成一个桥进入陌生的传统，驱逐往往伴随着变化和错位的恐惧。换句话说，当我们扩大我们看世界的镜头的时候，我们更好地了解自己，自己的生活和文化。我们与我们的小星球的遥远的行星有更多的共同分享，而不是我们意识到的。 8 发现这些共同的文化是很重要的，但不只是为了艺术的缘故。所以我们的许多城市，不仅是伦敦，纽约，东京，现在即使甚至是中小城市正在经历着移民潮。我们将如何吸取同化有自己独特的习惯的人群？移民不可避免地会导致抵抗和冲突，就像过去一样？有什么关于德国的土耳其人口的阿尔巴尼亚人在意大利，北非人在西班牙和法国？文化繁荣的引擎可以帮助我们找出如何集合可以和平融合，同时不牺牲个性身份。这不是政治正确性。它是关于对人而言什么是珍贵的承认，和每一个文化已经给予我们世界的礼物。
英语专业综合教程2课后翻译答案
Unit1 1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术，令观众仿佛身临其境。 Thanks to advanced technology, the film about the ancient battle gives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves. 2. 在那场大火中，整个古城毁于一旦，但是这块石碑却幸运地保存了下来。（devastate）That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived. 3.他们看了那段录像，听了那位妇女的讲述，心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。 The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake. 4．那场大地震中，我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹，他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生，献出了自己的生命。（leave behind） In that earthquake, we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives. 5.豫园的建造始于1558年，但由于资金短缺时建时停，1578年才完成。 The construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558, but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money. 6. 1980年我遇到她时，她刚从国外读完硕士回来。（meet up with） In 1980, when I met up with her, she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree. 7.这是我第一次来纽约，但我还是设法找到了那家小公司。 It was my first visit to New York, but I managed to find my way to the little firm. 8.在电影界要达到顶峰时非常困难的，但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了。 It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry, but as a director Xie Jin did it. Unit2 1. 如今很多爱慕虚荣的年轻人，尽管还不富裕，但却迷上了漂亮的小汽车。（vain, be obsessed with） Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them. 2．当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后，他们的婚姻终于破裂了。（affair, fall apart） Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 3.那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感，在农村住了三年，放弃了生活上的许多享受。(inspiration, deny oneself something) For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life. 4．我不知道明天去崇明岛的远足活动能不能成行，因为这要取决于会不会下雨。(excursion, at the mercy of) I’m not sure if we can have the excursion to Chongming Island tomorrow. It is
学术综合英语英语填空题翻译Unit 3
Unit3 Traffic Vocabulary Development [P80-81] A: 1.They asked him to leave. In other words, he was fired. 他们让他离开。换句话说，他被解雇了。 2.The United Nations troops enforced a ceasefire in this area. 联合国军队在这片区域实行了停火。 “实行”修改成“执行”，“停火”修改成“停火协议” 联合国军队在这片区域执行停火协议。 3.The amount will be paid to everyone regardless of whether they have children or not. 无论他们是否有孩子，金额都将支付给每个人。 “金额无法支付” 无论他们是否有孩子，支付给每个人的金额是相同的。 4.Your paper does not address the real issues. 你的论文没有解决主要的问题。 5.How many vehicles were involved in the crash yesterday? 昨天的车祸有多少辆车相撞。 “相撞”修改成“涉及” 昨天的事故涉及多少辆车。 6.She felt an anxiety bordering on hysteria. 她感到焦虑接近歇斯底里的状态。 7.The new technology can be applied to farming. 新的技术能够应用于农业。 8.What do these results suggest to you? 你对这些结果有什么意见? “意见”修改成“建议” 这些结果对你有怎样的建议？ 9.He has six previous convictions for theft and burglary. 他有六个前科有关于偷盗和入室抢劫的前科。 删除了结尾的前科（重复的名词） 他有六个前科有关于偷盗和入室抢劫。
学术英语综合Unit9-译文
第九单元医学 Text A 谁还需要医生？在变化的时代洪流中与时俱进 费格斯?沙纳汉所有的一切都早经由前人说过，但是没有人听，于是我们不得不总是返回起点，从头开始。 ——安德烈?纪德 通常情况下，医生大都具备适应变化的能力。但随着变化的脚步逐渐加快，他们会不断面临挑战，所担任的角色也会遭到不少质疑。尽管医学界在医药方面已经取得了不少成就，但是现代社会对医疗职业却存有的越来越多的疑问；尽管与之前相比，人们变得越来越健康，但是健康仍旧是人们所关注的热门话题。因此，随着人们对医疗职业的职业满意度越来越低，替代医学逐渐兴起。美国的新 闻杂志借由其封面大声喊出，“谁还需要医生啊？”，而很多医学杂志的评论标题也充斥着负面的情绪：“不高兴的医生”；“现代医学一成不变”；“医学作为一种艺术的失败”；以及“医生会有未来吗？”而这种情绪也在皇家医师学会的报道中有所体现，他们报道的对象正是在变化大潮中不断变化的医生角色。报道中出现了一些对医生不利的词语与表达：“医疗职业……处于劣势”；“心神不安”；“很多医生看起来都不快乐”；“医生……过时了”以及“医生的角色需要清晰的解释”。因此， 人们呼吁医生们在塑造未来的过程中能够担当起更加积极的角色。对医疗行业来说，明智之举就是培养更多的领导能力，重点关注如何能使人们保持健康的状态，以巩固医疗行业对社会福利的影响。但是目前，医疗行业存在的最大挑战将会是 在“伙伴关系”方面，也就是医生和病人之间的关系——医患关系。 十多年前有社论观点做出预测称，正是超级专业化，分子医学以及冠以“循证”的一切这些因素促进了医疗行业的变化，而最彻底的变化是在医患关系方面。 这种关系错综复杂，容易受到社会潮流的影响。而过去的分析倾向于侧重医生们如何确诊疾病，而当前难以捉摸的诊断已经很少见了。而对于病人来说，医患关系的好坏结果也取决于医生的职业福利，因此这方面需要获得人们的关注。随着世界变化日新月异，人们的职业也应在变化的大潮中面对挑战，做出相应的回应，所以医生个人需要与时俱进，并且要思考如何能够信心十足地面对挑战，并且享 受挑战。这里并不是指通过某些“熟能生巧”来提高工作技能或者委托给继续医学 教育进行新的资格认证就能达到的。这里关乎的是医学态度与医学方法。 医生终将会适应经济，社会以及人口学的潮流，但是在面对未来科学技术的进步时，有些人仍会遭遇挑战，或者无法跟上科技进步的脚步。上文提到的现代医学所感受到的不安与焦虑中，究竟有多少是来自信息技术对医患关系产生的影
综合英语教程4第三版课后翻译答案
综合英语教程第三版4 邹为诚主编 第二单元p37 1.玛丽看到一个贼眉鼠眼的男人走进邻居家里。shifty Mary saw a shifty-eyed man walking into a neighbor’s house. 2.鲍勃总是嘲笑我对服饰的眼光。sneer at Bob always sneers at my taste in clothes. 3.打探别人的秘密是不礼貌的。pry It is impolite to pry into other’s secrets. 4.我想克里斯想要抢我的饭碗。be after sth I think Chris is after my job. 5.她看到克里斯给他使的眼色，说话的声音便越来越小了。trail off She trailed off, silenced by the look Chris gave her. 6.那些树枝干而易断。brittle The branches were dry and brittle. 7.收音机老是发出噼里啪啦的声响，我们几乎听不清里面说些什么。crackle The radio cracked so much that we could hardly hear what was said. 8.地面向海倾斜。slope The land slopes down to the sea. 9.他的口袋里鼓鼓囊囊的塞满了钞票。bulge His pockets were bulging with money. 10.我不得不和出租车司机就车费讨价还价。haggle I had to haggle with the taxi driver over the fare. 第三单元p58 1. 这样的好机会千载难逢。once in a blue moon An opportunity as good as this arises/occurs only once in a blue mo on. 2. 这个孩子因为私自拿了母亲包里的钱而觉得十分愧疚。guilty of The boy felt guilty for taking money from his mother’s handbag with out permission. 3. 她知道他的话一句真的也没有。give credence to She did not give credence to a single word of his story. 4. 一般来说，老师对学生的错误都比较宽容。be tolerant of Generally speaking, teachers are tolerant of their students’ mistakes. 5. 我想当然地以为你会跟我们一起来，于是就给你买了票。take… for granted I took it for granted that you’d want to come with us, so I boug ht you a ticket. 6. 由于经理的不断劝导，工作人员很快就改掉了迟到的坏习惯。break the habit Thanks to the manager’s repeated counseling, the staff soon broke th e bad habit o f comin g late to work. 7. 他现在对她发火，但不久会原谅她的。这只是几小时的事，仅此而已。a matter of, that’s all He’s furious with her now, but he’ll forgive her soon. It’s just/ only a matter of a few hours, that’s all. 第四单元p78
学术综合英语(罗立胜)1-6单元课文翻译
human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through language we share experience, values, exchange ideas, transmit knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to sense of reality by giving meaning to events. 在人类所有的创造中，语言也许是影响最为深远的。我们用语言来分享经验，表达(传递？)价值观，交换想法，传播知识，传承文化。事实上，对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。和通常所认为的不同的是，语言并不只是简单地反映现实，语言在具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。——语序的调整。 Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker?s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately. 好的演讲者对语言很重视，也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。词语是演讲者演讲的重要“武器”，具有特殊的用途，这和任何其他的工作技艺没什么两样。作为演讲者，必须知道词语的具体含义，也要懂得如何做到用词准确、清晰、生动、适当。 Using language accurately is as vital to a speaker as using numbers accurately to a accountant. Never use a word unless you are sure of its meaning. If you are not sure, look up the word in the dictionary. As you prepare your speeches, ask yourself constantly, “What do I really want to say? What do I really mean?” Choose words that are precise and accurate. 演讲者准确地使用语言和会计准确使用数字是一样重要的。确定词意后再措词。如果不确定，请先查词典。当你在准备演讲的时候，要不断地问自己：“我到底要说什么？我到底想表达什么意思？”用词一定要精准。 Using language clearly allows listeners to grasp your meaning immediately. You can ensure this [by using familiar words （that are known to the average person and require no specialized background）; by choosing concrete words in preference to more abstract ones, and by eliminating verbal clutter]. 用词清晰可以让听众迅速理解你的意思（抓到你的点）。要做到这一点，就要尽量使用一般人都熟悉的不需要专业知识就能懂的词语；多用具象词汇少用抽象词汇；还有要减少口误。 Using language vividly helps bring your speech to life. One way (to make your speech vivid)|is through imagery，or the creation of word pictures. You can develop imagery by using concrete language, simile, and metaphor. Simile is an explicit comparison between things （that are essentially different yet have something in common）; it always contains the words “like”or “as”. Metaphor is an impli cit comparison between things that are different yet have something in common; it does not contain the words “like” or “as”. 生动地用词能让演讲鲜活起来！比喻，这种能产生文字图像的修辞，可以使演讲达到生动的效果。比喻要用具象的语言，分为明喻和隐喻。 明喻是指在本质上有区别但仍然有相同点的事物之间做一个明确的比较，一般句中会含有“像”或“似”。隐喻则是一种隐藏的比较，不会出现like 和as 这些连接词。 Another way to make your speeches vivid is by exploiting the rhythm of language. Four devices for creating rhythm are parallelism, repetition, alliteration, and antithesis. Parallelism is the similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases, or sentences. Repetition is the use of the same word or set of words at the beginning or end of successive clauses or sentences. Alliteration comes from repeating the initial constant sounds of close or adjoining words. Antithesis is the juxtaposition of
研究生学术英语翻译
Deciding on a topic 决定一个主题 As a college student of science and technology,you are often required to write a literature review about a certain topic,or a 1500-word term paper.In either case,the writing is a complex process which involves choosing a topic,searching for relevant materials,and compiling a reference list.Hence the first thing you need to do is to choose a research topic. 作为一个研究科学技术学生，你通常需要写一个关于某一主题的文献综述，或一个1500字的论文。不管是哪种，写作都是一个复杂的过程，涉及选题，查找资料，编写参考清单。因此，你首先需要做的是选择一个研究课题。 A topic is what the essay or research paper is about.Choosing a topic for your literature review or research paper requires careful consideration.A topic that is too specialized or the general may bring many problems in terms of the time you can devote to the research or the sources of information available on the topic.How do you choose a topic which is possible to research?There are four principles: 主题就是文章或研究论文是与什么有关的。为你的文献综述或研究论文选择一个主题需要仔细考虑。一个太专业或太宽泛的主题可能带来的诸多问题，影响你花费在研究或与主题相关的信息资源上的时间。你怎么选择一种可能的研究课题？有四个原则： 1)Interesting.If a topic holds your interest,you will most likely working on it.However,you should also be aware of the interest of your readers.For example,if your readers are from different disciplines or academic backgrounds,your topic should not be too specific. 1)有趣.如果一个话题引起了你的兴趣，你将很有可能在它上工作.但是，你也应该知道你的读者的兴趣.例如，如果你的读者是来自不同的学科或学术背景的，你的主题不应该太具体。 2)Important.You also have to consider the value of the topic you are likely to choose,both academic and social.And essay without practical or theoretical value will probably not attract readers. 2)重要.你也需要考虑你可能选择的课题研究的价值,包括学术的和社会的。没有实践或理论价值的论文可能不会吸引读者。 3)Manageable.Narrow down your topic to make your paper manageable.For example,if you want to discuss the history of a disease,it may not be possible for you to cover all the important ideas in a 1500-word essay. 3)可控的.缩小你的主题，使你的论文易于管理。例如，如果你想讨论一种疾病的历史，你或许不可能用一篇1500字的文章来涵盖所有重要的想法。 4)Adequate.You have to ask the question:Can the topic I have chosen be researched?One criterion is that you mast make sure that there are adequate source materials available on the topic.Avoid a topic that has very limited information about it,for it is difficult to carry out your research without previous studies. 4）足够的。你必须问这个问题：我选择的话题能被研究吗？一个标准是，你必须确保这个主题有足够的可用的源材料，避免一个仅有非常有限的信息得主题，因为没有以前的研究，你是很难进行你的研究的。 Formulating a research question 制定一个研究问题
英语专业 综合英语翻译句子答案
1.Our big old house was closely related with the joys and sorrows of four generations. 2.I planted these roses a long, long time ago before your mother was born. 3.Many sons left home to fight against the Fascist Nazi. 4.Take the first friendly greeting and always keep it deep in your heart. 1.He has prepared answers to the questions that he expects to confront during the interview. 2.His sad story touched us so deeply that we nearly cried. 3.The two of them are walking hand in hand along the river bank, chatting, laughing, and looking happy. 4.When he heart the exciting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes. 5.People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common. 6.Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years. 7.He finally gave in to his daughter’s repeated requests to further her education abroad. 8.We locked all our valuables away before we went on holiday. 9.Although we have parted from eah other, I hope that we will remain good friends and that we will care for and help each other just as we did in the past. 10.At that critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to work out new strategies and tactics which would make it possible to conquer the enemy. Unit 2 1.A gracious manner adds the greatest splendour to your image. 2.I firmly believed the note my guest sent me didn’t take long to write. 3.The simple phrase “Excuse me.” made most of your irritation disappear. 4.Being on time is a virtue which belongs not only to the past but also to the present. 5.Y ou shouldn’t accept the other person’s presence without thinking of its importance. 6.Good manners produce the same feelings or actions in others. 1.I am sorry I am late; I was at a meeting and couldn’t get away. 2.At the concert whnever a singer finished singing a beautiful song, the audience would burst into loud cheers to show their appreciation. 3.As a stylish dresser, she is always wearing stylish clothes, but she seldom cares about what she eats or drinks. 4.The nurse tells me that the doctors have done wonders for your heart disease. 5.When awarding the prize, the chairman complimented the winner on his great contribution to mankind. 6.This problem has bothered the experts for many years. 7.The crowd of demonstrators melted away when the police arrived. 8.Since punctuality is a good habit, we should pay much attention to it and make great efforts to cultivate this good habit. 9.The old man cherishes that girl, as if she were his own daughter. 10.It is just a routine physical checkup, nothing to get worried about.
学术英语翻译
Conveying of most building concrete from the mixture or truck to the form is done in bottom-dump buckets or by pumping through steel pipelines.（大多数建筑混凝土从散沙到塑性是通过底部卸料的吊斗或钢管泵运输的）The chief danger during conveying is that of segregation. （运输中的主要危险是隔离问题）The individual components of concrete tend to segregate because of their dissimilarity.（由于混凝土的成分不同，所以要分离它们）In overly wet concrete standing in containers or forms, the heavier gravel components tend to settle, and the lighter materials, particularly water, tend to rise. Lateral movement , such as flow within the forms, tends to separate the coarse gravel from the finer components of the mix.（处于容器或模型中的过度潮湿的混凝土，其中较重的砾石组分应该沉降，较轻的材料特别是水应该升高。横向运动，例如形式内的流动，应该将粗砂砾与混合物的较细组分分开。）The danger of segregation has caused the discarding of some previously common means of conveying, such as chutes and conveyor belts, in favor of methods which minimize this tendency.（由于分离存在的危险，像是溜槽和传送带这样以前常用的运输方法已经被淘汰了，而采用最小化这种趋势的方法） 大多数建筑混凝土从搅拌机或卡车到模板内的输送是由底部卸料吊斗或由泵通过钢管完成的。输送中的主要危险是骨料离析。由于混凝土的成分的互异性所以容易发生离析。处于容器或模型中的过渡潮湿的混凝土，其中较重的砾石组分易于沉降，较轻的材料特别是水容易上浮。横向运动，例如模具内的流动容易将粗砂砾与混合物的较细成分分开。离析的风险使得人们废弃了之前经常采用的输送方式例如溜槽和传送带而采用使离析风险最小的方法。 Placing and Compacting of Concrete Placing is the process of transferring the fresh concrete from the conveying device to is final place in the forms. Prior to placing, loose rust must be removed from reinforcement, forms must be cleaned, and hardened surfaces of previous concrete lifts must be cleaned and treated appropriately. Placing and compacting are critical in their effect on the final quality of the concrete. Proper placement must avoid segregation, displacement of forms or of the reinforcement in the forms, and poor bond between successive layers of concrete. Immediately upon placing, the concrete should be compacted by means of hand tools or vibrators. Such compacting prevents honeycombing, assures close contact with forms and reinforcement, and serves as a partial remedy to possible prior segregation. Compacting is achieved by hand tamping with a variety of special tools, but now more commonly and successfully with high frequency, power-driven vibrators. These are of the internal type, immersed in the concrete, or of the external type, attached to the forms. The former are preferable but must be supplemented by the latter where narrow forms or other obstacles make immersion impossible. 浇筑是将新拌好的混凝土通过输送装置输送到其在模具中的最终位置的过程。在浇筑之前，必须清除钢筋上的浮锈，清洁模具，对于以前的混凝土吊车的硬化表层也必须进行适当的处理和清洁。浇筑和捣实对混凝土的最终质量有重要的影响。正确的浇筑必须避免离析，模具或模具内钢筋的位移以及相继浇筑的混凝土层之间的不牢固粘接。浇筑后应立即用手工工具或振捣器将混凝土捣实。捣实是为了防止变成蜂窝状，确保混凝土与模具和钢筋紧密接触，也是对之前可能产生离析的一个部分补救。捣实以前是使用各种特殊工具手动夯实来实现的，而现在更普遍和成功地采用高频率的电动振捣器来完成。浸入混凝土中的是内部形式，附着在模具上的是外部形式。前者是更期望的但是由于狭窄的部分或其他障碍物不可能浸没，所以后者肯定存在。
新世纪大学英语综合教程1翻译答案(全)
(1)这个婴儿还不会爬(crawl)，更不要说走了。(let alone) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk! (2)威尔声称谋杀案发生时他正在与一群朋友吃饭,但是我认为他在说谎。(claim, in one’s opinion） Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. (3)一定程度上阅读速度与阅读技巧密切相关；有了阅读技巧，你就可以更好地应对课外阅读了。(to a certain extent, relate …to …, cope with） To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. (4)根据规则他俩都可以参加比赛。(according to） According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game. (5)有些人想当然地认为日语(Japanese)中的每一个词在汉语中都有对应的词语。(assume, equivalent) Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word. (6)我们已将所有的相关信息告知了警方。(relevant) We have passed all relevant information on to the police. (7)关于那件事你问我再多的问题也没用，因为我是不会回答你的。(it’s no use) There is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won't answer. (8)事先没有仔细阅读合同(contract)就签了名是吉姆的错误。(on one’s part) It was a mistake on Jim's part to sign the contract without reading it carefully. (9)他们拒绝向我们提供所需要的全部信息。(provide …with) They refused to provide us with all the information we need. (10) 这起事故与三年前发生的一起事故极为相似。(similar to) This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago. (11)这部影片是根据莎士比亚的戏剧改编的。(base on) The film is based on a play by Shakespeare (12)如果你的英语和电脑技能都掌握得好，那么你在谋职时就一定比别人更有优势。(have an advantage over) If you have a good command of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job.