高中英语选修八第一单元Unit1

高中英语选修八第一单元Unit1

选修8 Unit 1 A Land Of Diversity

导学案

6. take in ___________________________________

一、重点词汇

1. distinction

【点拨】distinction n.区别, 差别；卓越

make a distinction between 把......与......区分开make no distinction 没有区别

have a distinction of 有......与众不同之处with distinction 优异地，显著地Mr. Green ___________________ having been the first president of the famous school.

格林先生不同凡响，他是这所著名学校的首任校长。

The law __________________________________________. 这条法律没有男性和女性的区别。

【拓展1】distinct adj. 清晰的，明显的，明确的dis tinguish v.区分，辨别；使杰出

There was a ___________________ when I opened the door. 我打开门时有一种明显的煤气味。

The twins are so alike that I can’t __________________________. 这对孪生儿长得太像，我区分不开。

【拓展2】multi- 多，多个，多种

注意“原句回放”中的“multicultural”的前缀multi-是“多、多方面、多方向”的意思。

multicultural 多元文化的multi-coloured 多色的multi-racial 多种族的

multi-media 多媒体multiparty 多党制的multi-p urpose 多种用途的、通用的2. majority

【点拨】majority n. 大多数；多半（反义词：minority n.少数，

小部分）

常用搭配：in the/ a majority 占大多数enter the majority 加入多数派

get a majority 获得多数票the great/ vast majority 绝大多数

注：1. the majority单独用作主语，谓语可用单数（侧重整体）或复数（侧重个体）。

The majority _____________against the plan. 大多数人反对这个计划。

2. “the majority of+复数名词”作主语时，其谓语动词通常用复数。

_________________________________ have brown eyes; only three have blue eyes.

我们班多数孩子眼睛是棕色的，只有三个是蓝色的。

有时还可将其中的定冠词改为不定冠词。

___________________________seem to prefer TV to radio. 大部分人似乎喜欢看电视不喜欢听收音机。【拓展】major adj.较大/多的；主要的；v. 主修

The city holds_______________________________________. 那个城市聚集了那个国家大部分人口。

3.elect

【点拨】elect vt. 选择，决定；选举（某人）election n. 选举

常用搭配：elect to do sth.选择/决定做elect sb. to ... 选某人进入.... elect sb. president 选...为总统Customers can ______________________________. 顾客可以选择用现金或信用卡付账。

She _____________________ Parliament in 2003. 她2003年被选入国会。

Ronald Reagan ____________________________ in 1980. 罗纳德?里根1980年首次被选为总统。

4.percentage

【点拨】percentage n.百分比，百分率percent 百分之......

注意：“a percentage of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词与of后的名词保持一致。

We have only ___________________________. 我们只有一小部分外文书。

_______________from the visitors to the lake nearby.那家旅馆的收入的大部分来自参观那个湖游客。

_________________________________________________. 病人中只有一小部分是儿童。

5.boom

【点拨】boom n.繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期booming adj. 急速发展的，暴涨的Living standards ______________________________________

在战后那段繁荣昌盛的时期，生活水平得到了迅速提高。

The only way _____________________ was to build more courses.

满足这场高尔夫热的需求的唯一途径是增建球场。

By the1980s, ______________________. 到20世纪80年代时，计算机行业迅猛发展。

5.occur

【点拨1】occur vi. 发生，存在（occur的过去式、过去分词要双写r，加-ed）

The accident ______________________ when people were sleeping. 事故发生在早晨4点人们都睡着的时候。

The sound _________________ so it’s difficult for him to pronounce. 这个音在他的语言里没有，所以他很难发出来。【点拨2】occur to（主意或想法突然）浮现于脑中，被想起（相当于come into one’s mind ）

常用搭配：sth. occurs to sb. 某人想起某事

It occurs to sb. that... 某人想起.......

我突然想到了一个好主意。

It ___________________________ we should go there more often.

我想起我们应该多去那里。

I suppose ____________________________ to phone the police! 我想你压根儿就没想到给警方打电话吧！

【拓展】区别occur，happen，come about，take place

1. occur指“发生”时可与happen换用，也可指有计划地发生。但occur to sb.指“某人想起某事”，

而sth. happen to sb. 指不好的事发生

What ______________________ you? 你怎么了？

2. happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。

Maybe something _________________________.也许意想不到的事情发生了。

I __________________ him on my way home. 我碰巧在回家的路上看见他了。

3. come about强调偶发事件，同happen和occur，常用于疑问句和否定句。

When Mother woke up, she didn’t know __________________________. 妈妈醒来时不知道发生了什么事。

4. take place常指预先计划而发生的事情。

Great changes _________ in our hometown during the past ten years.在过去10年里，我们的家乡发生了巨大的变化。

6.indicate

【点拨】indicate vt.指出，表明，暗示indication n.指出；表明indicative adj.指示的；暗示的I asked him where my sister was and he ________ the shop opposite. 我问他我姐姐在哪，他指指对面的商店。

_________________ that men find it easier to give up smoking than women. 研究表明男人感到比女人更容易戒烟。

He took out a map and _____________________ to us.他拿出一张地图，给我们指出了最快捷的路线。

7.apparently / slip

【点拨1】apparently adv. 显然；似乎apparent adj. 显然的, 显而易见的；表面上的

______________, you have done a lot of work. 显然，你们已经做了许多工作。

It was ____________ that he knew nothing about how to repair cars. 很明显他根本不知道如何修车。

_____________________turned to crazy laughter in a minute. 他表面的悲伤一下子转变为疯狂的大笑了。

【点拨2】slip vi.滑动，滑行；滑跤n.滑倒；小过失slippery adj. 滑溜的

My foot _______________ and I nearly fell. 我的脚一滑，差点跌到。

She ____________________ when no one was looking. 她趁无人注意的时候溜进了房间。

That’s ______________________. 那是一个笔误。

8.hire

【点拨】hire v. 租用，聘用，雇用

They __________________________. 他们按小时租用了我们的小船。

We ______________________ to take us on a tour of the city. 我们雇了一位司机带我们游览这个城市。

【拓展】hire，employ与rent

1. hire指按工作量或时间雇用人或租借东西，多指临时租用某物或雇用某人。

hire a car/ a bicycle/ a hall for a meeting 租车/ 租自行车/ 租用会议厅

2. employ较正式，多指商店或公司长期雇用人手。

employ a secretary 聘一位秘书

3. rent指租借房屋、地产，多指用于长时间租用或借用。

rent a house/ a flat 租了一幢房子/ 一套房间

二、重点短语

1.by means of

【点拨】by means of用......的办法

The money was got __________________ cheating. 这笔钱是骗来的。

This is a two-year course taught ________ lectures and seminars.这个两年的课程是通过讲座和研讨会的形式讲授的。【拓展】means n. 方法，手段（注意其单复数同形）

常用搭配：by no means绝不，一点也不（位于句首时用倒装句）by all means当然

_______________________________. 用任何方式我们也不会失败。

The problem is ______________ as simple as we first thought. 问题决不像我们当初想象的那么单纯。

2.make a life

【点拨】make a life生活（不仅仅是生存）

It is hard t o _____________________ by that little salary. 靠这么点工资生活很难。

Most people are so busy that they have no time _______________. 大多数人很忙，没有时间享受真正的生活。

【拓展】对比：make a living 谋生，赚钱维持生计

We will try our best to make a life, ____________________. 我们要努力去过（甜蜜的）日子，而不仅仅是谋生。3. team up with 【点拨】team up with与……合作(相当于cooperate with sb.）They _______________________to record the hit single. 他们与汤姆和琼斯合作发行了这支单曲。

He didn’t want _____________________. 他不愿意和任何人合作。

4.mark out

【点拨】mark out 画线，标出……界线

Mr. Powel _______________a general course of action. 鲍威尔先生已经标出了行动的全部路线。

The directions of rural development _____________________. (制

定) 农村的发展方向已经规划好了。

5. apply for

【点拨】apply for 申请（apply表示“申请”，for表示目的）

I__________________ a scholarship. 我已经申请了奖学金。

____________________, you must fill out a form. 要申请这个工作，你需要填写表格。

【拓展】apply to 适用（于），运用（于）

In this way they can better __________________. 用这种方式，他们能够把理论更好地应用于实践中。

These remarks _______________________ in this country. 这些评论适用于这个国家的任何小镇。

6. take in

【点拨】take in吸收，收留，改短（小），受骗，理解

The kind old lady ____________________________. 这位善良的老太太提出收留这个无家可归的陌生人。

Can you _______________ for me? It’s too loose round the waist. 你能把这件衣服改瘦点吗？腰部太宽松了。

My mother ______________________by the businessman’s offers and stupidly gave him most of her money.

我妈妈因为一个商人提供的条件而受骗了，愚蠢地把她大部分钱给他了。

Gazing up into his eyes, she seemed_________every word he said. 她凝视着他的眼睛，似乎理解了他说的每一个字。

take apart 拆开；剖析，抨击(论点等) take down 拿下，取下；拆卸；记下take back 取回；使……回忆起

take care of 照料；保管

take up 开始从事；占用；着手做take it easy 别紧张，慢慢来take over 继承；接收，接管take off 脱下(衣服等)；起飞take on 承担，从事；呈现take one’s place 入座；代替某人的位置take one’s time 不急，慢慢

用take的相关短语填空

①Don’ t be by his promises.

②Who do you think will now that the governor has been dismissed?

③These boxes of yours are too much space.

④I was really when seeing old photos.

7. live on

【点拨】live on 继续活着；继续存在live on sth. 以某物为生；靠某物生活Lu Xun is dead but his writing_____________________. 鲁迅已作古，但是他的作品却流芳百世。Small birds _____________________. 小鸟主要以昆虫为食。

She ________________________ after her husband died. 她丈夫去世后她又活了很多年。

【拓展】live for sth为......而生活，渴望....... live with sb/sth. 与某人一起生活，接受或容忍某现象live up to达到高标准；不辜负；live through 活过......，度过......而不死

8. a great many

【点拨】a great/good many许多，大量的（只修饰可数名词）_____________________ came here every year. 每年有大量的游客来到这里。

There were ___________________ at the concert. 音乐会上有很多人。

【拓展】表示“许多，大量的”的词和短语：

①既修饰可数名词也修饰不可数名词：

a lot of = lots of，plenty of，a quantity of，quantities of

②只修饰可数名词：

many, a (large / good) number of = numbers of，scores of ,a great/ good many

③只修饰不可数名词：

much, a great / good deal of，a large amount of，amounts

of

9. keep up

【点拨】keep up 坚持，维持，适应，沿袭（风俗、传统等）

Things are changing so fast; it is hard _______________. 事情变化的这么快，好像跟上都很费力气。

The ancient custom of giving children lucky money __________________________. 给孩子压岁钱的传统在中国仍然沿袭The good news __________________________. 这个好消息使我们情绪高昂。

【拓展】keep away (from) 不接近，不靠近keep back 阻止......的前进/进展，隐瞒keep off 使不接近keep on 继续做某事keep out (of) 使在......外，使不靠近keep up with 赶上，使不落后

keep sb. from sth./doing sth. 使某人不能做某事物

三、重点句型

1. There be + sb. + doing ...

【点拨】There be + sb. + doing ... 有人正在做某事

严格说，这不是固定句型，doing是动词-ing形式作定语，修饰前面的sb.

There is a cat _____________________________. 树上有只猫盯着我看。

There are a great many people _____________________ every year. 每年有许多人出国。

【拓展】There be + sb./sth. + done / to do

同样道理，there be句型的主语sb./ sth.也可能被过去分词及不定式等修饰。如：

There are some rare birds ___________________ dead every year. 每年有一些珍稀鸟类被杀死。

There are many problems ________________________. 有许多问题有待解决。

2. with复合结构

【点拨】with复合结构

1. 构成：with +宾语+宾语补足语

2. 可作宾语补足语的有：介词短语、形容词、副词、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。

3. 此结构可以作定语或状语。

He likes to sleep ________________________________. 他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。

________________________________, she was worried. 由于她的儿子离家出走，所以她很担心。

She came in ____________________________. 她抱着个婴儿进来了。

______________________________, we went on smoothly. 由于问题得到了解决，我们进展顺利。

____________________________, we got there easily.由于当地的向导带路，我们很容易到了那儿。

____________________________, she will work it out. 有她丈夫帮助她，她会解决那件事。

5

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