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英文写作的“七项基本原则”

英文写作的“七项基本原则”
英文写作的“七项基本原则”

写作的“七项基本原则”

一、长短句原则

工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.

如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!

强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

二、主题句原则

国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!

特别提示:隐藏主题句可是要冒险的!

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

三、一二三原则

领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点…如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。

1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)

2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)

3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)

4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)

5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)

6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)

7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)

8)most important of all, moreover, finally

9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)

10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)

建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!

四、短语优先原则

写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:

I cannot bear it.

可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.

I want it.

可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it.

这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。

五、多实少虚原则

原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospitable 之类的形象词。再比如:

走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room

但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room

小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room

小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room

老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room

所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!

六、多变句式原则

1)加法(串联)

都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:

I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar.

如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:

Not only is the fur coat soft, but it is also warm.

其它的短语可以用:

besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

2)转折(拐弯抹角)

批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。

The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.

The coat was thin, but it was warm.

更多的短语:

despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding

3)因果(so, so, so)

昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!

The snow began to fall, so we went home.

更多短语:

then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)

有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。

举例:This is what I can do.

Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.

同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:

When to go, Why he goes away…

5)附加(多此一举)

如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。

The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.

I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.

Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.

其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。

6)排比(排山倒海句)

文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!

Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.

Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.

We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏)

要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!

七、挑战极限原则

既然是挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!

原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:

The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.

Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.

如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪!

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1、大家打开淘宝首页,搜索关键词。现在是春装上新的季节,我以春装举例,搜索春装。然后找到一个宝贝,搜索全标题,会出现如下结果: 上图划线部分显示:“2016春装新款雪纺连衣裙仙女装甜美时尚宽松中袖白色打底欧根纱裙”搜索结果较少,尝试下:“春装连衣裙女装裙”、“春装雪纺连衣裙女装”、“春装连衣裙女装欧根纱” 因为你搜的是全关键词,搜索的结果很少,所以,淘宝就给你指定了关键词,这里指定的就是“春装连衣裙女装裙”、“春装雪纺连衣裙女装”、“春装连衣裙女装欧根纱”。 2、那么这些词有什么用呢? 淘宝认为,这些词的权重是最高的。假如我们用以上词组合起来的标题,去搜索全标题。如果没有出现这些词,那么我们本来认为连衣裙、女装等是关键词,但是淘宝没有读出来。因为淘宝认为的权重词跟你想表达的不一样,这就说明我们的组合方式不对。我们要做的就是修改关键词顺序,直到出现以上关键词。如果对了,那么就是你的标题就是非常非常棒的。 下面再说一个问题,以前经常有人问我,五哥,我一个同行做的很好,我能不能抄袭他标题,这里我不跟大家解释,我用实例让大家看一下。

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2020年大学英语六级写作十大必背作文范文(4)

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个人简历写作基本原则

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的学历和能力,怀疑你的人品和求职态度、求职热情;简历不规范,人却打扮得神采奕奕,会让招聘单位很难将简历与你的本人联系在一起;简历不规范,会暴露出你粗心的缺点。 温馨提示:简历的内容应包括最基本的姓名、性别、年龄、毕业学校等个人资料,另外,个人主要经历、主要成绩和简单的自我介绍也不可少。彩色个人艺术照、长篇大论及过于花哨的格式是绝对不应该有的。 2、简历制作要朴素大方 有不在少数的人认为,将自己的简历制作得豪华耀眼会更容易获得应聘机会和成功,其实完全没有必要。 刻意使用高级纸张,使用富丽堂皇的印刷效果,将简历制作得像高级请柬或菜单,制作豪华简历,说明你注重做表面文章、奢侈浪费,招聘方容易认为你华而不实。如果招聘单位恰好特别崇尚朴素,你的豪华简历无异于向对方提出批评和挑衅。

温馨提示:制作简历不宜使用豪华纸张,不宜烫金、压膜,不宜制作成相册式封面。 3、简历内容要详略得当 有的人简历真称得上”简”:一张让人感觉不到分量的薄纸,上面的材料少得只相当于名片,这种简历是绝对不合格的! 简历太简单,一方面说明你对自己不够负责、不够自信、不注重自己的形象、不注重细节、对自己要求过低,另一方面说明你对应聘单位不够负责,不够诚实,不肯向对方透露足够详实的个人信息。过于简单的简历还说明你对自己所应聘的职位采取的是无所谓的态度,让人误以为你对自己选择的职业不尊重、不信任。 温馨提示:简历不应只包含基本资料,不能字数太少,用纸不能太薄、太次。 4、简历不可弄虚作假 有人在简历上虚构自己的工作经

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