中英对照-葡萄酒品种及术语
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Crushing or pressing the berries releases the juice and mixes the components of the grape.
(挤压葡萄，压出果汁并使葡萄成份混合)
What is Wine ?
GRAPES (葡萄)
WINE (葡萄酒)
Questions (问题):
1. What is wine? (什么是葡萄酒？)
2. What is the most important reaction during winemaking procession?
(葡萄酒酿造过程中最重要的反应是什么？)
T O
Acids (酸) Water (水) Flavour Compounds (香味)
Sugars (糖份)
Colour &Tannin Compounds
(颜色及单宁)
GRAPE JUICE
(葡萄汁) Fermentation converts the sugar to alcohol (发酵使糖份转化为酒精)
YEASTS (酵母)
The other components are carried over into the wine. (其它成份被带入葡萄酒)
Flavour Compounds (香味)
0.1% Colour & Tannins (颜色及单宁)
0.3%
(in red wines 在红葡萄中)
Acids (酸)
1% Sugar (糖份) 0.1%---8%
(dry wines) (sweet wines) (干性酒) (甜性酒)
Alcohol(酒精) 10%---20%
(table wines) (fortified wines) (餐酒) (加度酒)
Water (水) 80%---90%
Some components of wine: approximate percentage composition (by weight)
(葡萄酒成份百分比(重量比))
Notes (注)
?
It is the very small amounts of these colour, tannin and flavour compounds that give wine its character.(含量极少的颜色、单宁和香味赋予葡萄酒各自不同的风格)
?
The amount of each component will vary depending on the type of wine: dry, sweet, sparking or fortified.(葡萄酒的成份根据其种类不同而不同：红酒、白酒干性、甜性、汽泡酒或雪利酒) ?
Alcohol content is normally expressed as % by volume, not weight. However, the values are similar to those given in this illustration.(酒精度通常以体积百分比
至
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How to make Wine ? (如何酿制葡萄酒？)
Grape Varieties (葡萄品种)
Oak Barrel (橡木桶) Questions (问题): 1. In which step does fermentation happens?(发酵在第几步发生？)
2. Where does the red wine get its colour?(红葡萄酒的颜色是从哪来的？)
3. Do you know the main difference between white wine & red wine making procession?
Sorted crop Health & ripe
GRAPES
(精选健康成熟的葡萄)
De-stemmer (抽梗机)
Stems (梗)
Crusher (压榨机)
Must
(混合物)
cap Pressing (榨汁机)
FERMENTATION
(发酵)
AGING (陈年)
BOTTLING
(装瓶)
FINING/
CLARIFICATION (去渣、沉淀)
FILTERING
(过滤)
WINE (葡萄酒)
Notes (注)：
?
Both American oak &French oak can be used in wine aging procession, but they have different style. (美国橡木桶、法国橡木桶都被用于葡萄酒的陈年，它们有各自不同的风格。)
Stainless Steel Tank
(不锈钢桶)
The taste of wine is inevitably bound up with the grape variety. The fundamental balance
of sugar, acid and tannin is particular to each variety.
葡萄酒的风味与酿制所用的葡萄口味密不可分。甜度，酸度及单宁的含量根据葡萄
品种不同而异。
Red Grapes (红葡萄)
Cabernet Franc—Medium, blackcurrant, grassy, sometimes earth and raspberry. Cabernet sauvignon加本力苏维翁（赤霞珠)---Dark, tannic, blackcurrant, cedar, mint, green pepper, chocolate, tobacco, olives
It is the most recognizable and most versatile of the red wine grapes. The Cabernet Sauvignon grape with its thick skin thrives in warm climates and is grown throughout the world. This grape is late ripening, which makes it the slowest wine to mature. It needs time to age in oak or bottle and is at its best blended with Merlot. In Bordeaux the percentages of Cabernet Sauvignon to Merlot may vary from Chateau to Chateau but the influence of the grape is always predominate. A very good example of this grape is Chateau Cos d'Estournel. 是红葡萄品种中最为著名最为丰富多彩的一种。加本力苏维翁葡萄皮较厚，生长于温暖的气候，在世界各地都有种植。此葡萄成熟较晚，并且需要时间在橡木桶中或酒瓶中进行陈年，如与梅洛葡萄混合则口味最佳。在波尔多地区加本力苏维翁和梅洛的混合比例在每个古堡皆有可能不同，但此种葡萄酒的影响是深远悠长的。
口味特征：黑加仑，雪松，青辣椒，薄荷味，黑巧克力味，烟草味，橄榄味。
Gamay—Light to medium, strawberry, peach, pepper, going to farmyard earthiness, and Pinot –like strawberry jam.
Merlot 梅洛-Full, soft, blackcurrant, honey, raisin, mint, plum.Similar to Cabernet Sauvignon but with more plum and rose than blackcurrants, more spice and rich fruit cake with less mint.
The basis for many fine, very aromatic wines. Merlot is similar to Cabernet Sauvignon, but it is less tannic and has less intense blackberry flavor. It produces a softer, plumper, juicier, earlier maturing wine. Merlot's homeland started in Bordeaux where the most sought after Merlot based wines are from the Pomerol and St-Emilion regions in France. Either used as a blending partner or on its own, Merlot is very much a wine of our times and enjoys enormous popularity throughout the world. A very good example of this grape is Summerfield Merlot.
是多种芳香四溢的精品葡萄酒的基本葡萄品种。梅洛与加本力苏维翁葡萄品种很相似，但单宁味较轻，黑草莓的味道也不是很强烈。此种葡萄品种所酿制的葡萄酒更为柔和，果汁味浓，较为早熟。梅洛葡萄起源于波尔多地区，而最为人们所赞赏熟识的梅洛葡萄酒来自于法国的勃梅龙和圣特米隆地区。不管是与其他葡萄混合或是单独酿制成葡萄酒，梅洛都是一种现代时尚的葡萄品种，享誉中外。
Flavor characteristics:
口味特征：加本力苏维翁葡萄的口味相近，但李子和玫瑰的味道浓于黑加仑，更加麻辣，具有丰富的水果蛋糕味，薄荷味较淡。
Shiraz or syrah 设拉子或设拉---In Australia it is Shiraz and it tends to taste richer, riper and more full-bodied than France's Syrah blended wines such as Chateauneuf du Pape from Rhone, even though they are the same grape. Very few Australian producers do not make a Shiraz wine of some sort. It is the country's most planted wine grape variety. This is a wine that has early drinking appeal and yet has the ability to age for many years. Bridgewater Mill's Shiraz from the South Australia is an award winning Shiraz showing off Australia's rich side of Shiraz.
在澳大利亚称为设拉子，尽管其与法国的设拉属于同一种葡萄，但澳大利亚葡萄的口感比法国设拉混合酿制的葡萄酒，诸如隆河地区的阿维尼翁红更为丰富，成熟，酒体更为丰满。很少有澳大利亚的酿酒商不酿制一些设拉子种类的葡萄酒的。此种葡萄是澳大利亚种植最广泛的种类，在年份尚浅之时喝口感诱人，但也非常适于珍藏多年。位于澳大利亚南部的葡萄酒之路酿造公司水桥磨坊庄园所酿制的设拉子是一获奖的设拉子葡萄酒，充分展示了澳大利亚设拉子葡萄酒的丰富多彩。
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