高中英语必修一必修二知识点祥解

高中必修一必修二知识点

Unit 1Friendship

(Ⅰ)单词拼写

1．Children today spend more and more time inside the house instead of playing outdoors (在户外)．

2．Sarah sounded upset (伤心的) when I said you wouldn’t go shopping with her.

3．I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore (忽视) it.

4．I am very grateful (感激的) to all those who took the trouble to write to me.

5．In face of danger, it’s very important to keep calm (镇静的)．

6．When it rains, why do we see the lightning first; then hear the thunder (雷)?

7．There is a curtain (窗帘) hanging before his window in the bedroom.

8．If you can guess correctly, I would like you to be my language exchange partner (伙伴；搭档)．

(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空

1．It is hard to imagine the pain and suffering (suffer) they went through in the war.

2．The doctors had given her up but she made an excellent recovery (recover)．

3．Try not to say anything about the idea until you have understood it entirely (entire)．

4．It is beyond my power (powerful) to finish the task in two hours.

5．To be honest, I know exactly (exact) how she felt.

(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)

1．Our parents are concerned about our health and future.As far as I’m concerned,_we should talk with our parents and tell them our concerns.(concern)

2．A few people agreed while most people disagreed,_so no agreement was made.(agree)

1．My father often works deep into the night so we are_concerned_about_his_health (担心他的健康)．

2．I set_down (记下) all the folk stories in the local area as they were told to me. Would you like to have a look?

3．Since you get/are_tired_of (厌烦) going to the office every day, why not look for another job?

4．After a three-month investigation, the police decided that the fire was started on_purpose (故意地)．

5．His business expenses add_up_to_around_$4,000 (加起来大约是4 000美元) a year.

6．Since we all live under one room, we should learn how_to_get_along_well_with (如何相处好) one another.

7．That was the last time that he had_talked_with_his_father_face_to_face (与父亲面对面地交谈)．

8．We were surprised by what_the_little_girl_went_through (小女孩的经历) when she was cheated and sold to the mountain village.

9．Will you join_me_in (和我一起) looking for a present for my best friend?

10．Please pack_everything_up (整理好一切东西) before you leave.

11．This autumn the BBC will be showing a_series_of_French_films (一系列法国电影)．

12．You’re too excited. We will discuss the problem when_you_calm_down (当你冷静时)．

一、常考词汇细点拨

1．upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的v t.使不安；使心烦；打翻

[高考佳句]Upsetting people with unsigned message is cruel and disgusting.(2013·安徽高考阅读D)

①In my opinion, there is no point being upset about it.

依我看，为此事难过没有意义。

②Don’t upset_yourself_about it — no harm has been done.

不要为那件事烦恼——没有造成损失。

2．add vt. & vi.增加；添加；补充说

[教材原句]Add up your score and see how many points you get.

①In this state, the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible.

在这种状态下，婴儿很难安静下来，睡觉也不可能安稳。

②He kept_calm in face of great danger, which surprised us all.

面对巨大危险，他还是保持镇静，这使我们都非常吃惊。

4．concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n.关心；关注；(利害)关系

[教材原句]You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.

①They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with.

他们遵守规则，帮助别人克服困难，关心他们的同事。

②And as_far_as_your_body_is_concerned,_it’s “use it, or lose it”！(2013·浙江高考阅读B)

就你的身体而言，就是“用进废退”。

③All the people concerned with the case will be questioned by the police.

所有参与这个案件的人警察都要审问。

④He asked several questions concerning the future of the company.

他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。

5．suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历

[教材原句]She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there.

①Having suffered defeat after defeat, he began to lose faith in himself.

遭受了一次又一次的失败，他开始对自己失去信心。

②Not only can the environment of a country suffer_from the sudden growth of tourism. The people as well rapidly feel its effects.

(2013·江西高考阅读D)

不仅仅这个国家的环境遭受旅游业激增的困扰，而且这里的人们也很快感受到它的影响。

③The old man went through all kinds of sufferings during the war.

这位老人在战争期间经历了各种痛苦。

[熟词生义]读句子猜含义

The police is reported to have recovered the stolen jewellery. 找回———————————————————————————————————

主题串记……………………………………………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！)

请根据提示写出除disagree以外其他以dis-为前缀的高频单词

1．dislike v t.不喜欢；厌恶

2．disappear v i. 不见；消失

3．disappoint v t. 使失望

4．discourage v t. 使气馁；使沮丧

5．discover v t. 发现———————————————————————————————————

1．go through经历；通过；仔细检查；完成

[教材原句]Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through?

或者害怕你的朋友嘲笑你，或者不理解你正经历的事情？

[一词多义]

写出下列句中go through的含义

①The plan went through, which made us all happy. 通过

②This year we have gone through too many natural disasters, such as earthquakes, floods and mudslides.

经历

③I had just gone through my homework when the telephone rang. 完成

⑤If you go against nature, it will punish you.

如果你违背了自然，它就会惩罚你。

⑥To get a better grade, you should go_over the notes again before the test.

为了取得更好的成绩，你应该在考试前再复习一下笔记。

2．get along/on with与某人相处；某事进展(如何)

[教材原句]I’m getting along well with a boy in my class.

①He is easy-going, so it is pleasant to get along with him.

他很随和，因此和他相处很愉快。

②—How are you getting on with your English lesson?

—Very well.

——你的英语课程学得怎么样？

——很好。

③Your papers wouldn’t get across if you used too many technical terms in it.

如果你用了过多的专业术语，你的论文就不会被人理解。

[链接高考]

(2013·江苏高考)Team leaders must ensure that all members ________ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.

A．get over B．look over

C．take over D．come over

解析：选A考查动词短语辨析。句意：团队领导必须确保所有的成员克服他们的本能欲望以避免因犯错而带来的尴尬。get over“克服”，符合句意。look over“检查”；take over“接管”；come over“顺便来访”。

[短语对点集训]

1．He was asked to set_down the facts just as he remembered them.

2．The police went_through the whole building but didn’t find anything valuable.

3．Having got_tired_of staying indoors for days, we are longing to go out and relax ourselves.

4．Usually it’s very hard to get_along_with the man who has a bad temper.

5．The government has taken a_series_of measures to stop house prices from rising sharply.

6．—How can you say that?

—Sorry. I didn’t mean to hurt you on_purpose.

7．As soon as I came to the old town, I fell_in_love_with it immediately.

8．The summer sky was always beautiful at_dusk in the countryside.

直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ)

1．Our teacher told us that the earth ________ around the sun yesterday.

A．go B．went C．to go D．goes

解析：选D直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语表示的是客观真理，则间接引语时态不变(一般现在时)。

2．An English teacher asked his students, “Are you interested in my lessons？”

→An English teacher asked his students if ________ were interested in ________ lessons.

A．you; B．you; his C．they; my D．they; his

解析：选D直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语主语为第二人称，则间接引语(宾语从句)的主语与主句的宾语在人称上保持一致，即you 变为they；由句意可知句中的my 应改为his。

3．Having seen the film, he said what a wonderful film he ________.

A．saw B．has seen C．had seen D．would see

解析：选C考查时态。句意：看完电影后，他说他看了一部多棒的电影啊。主句动词用了过去时态(said)，间接引语也要用过去某种时态；而他说这句话是在看完电影后，故“看电影”应用过去完成时。

4．He told us that there ________ a football match at 19 o’clock.

A．were going to have B．is going to be C．will be D．was going to be

解析：选D考查间接引语中的时态。主句为一般过去时，在间接引语中，要用过去将来时态。而且a football match为单数，因此用was going to be。A项中的另外一个错误在于there be句式变形中不能使用“have”。

Ⅰ.单项填空

1．(2014·齐鲁名校高三联合测试)—Help! Help! Police ...

—________，madam. What’s the trouble?

A．Be quiet B．Calm downC．Shut your mouth D．So rude

解析：选B考查情景对话。句意：“救命！救命！警察……”“冷静点，夫人。出了什么事？”calm down“(使)平静下来；(使)镇定”，符合题意。其他选项均不符合语境。

2．(2014·武汉市武昌区高三联考)What I want to ________ to teenagers is that being addicted to the Internet will to some degree do harm to both mental and physical health.

A．get off B．get through C．get across D．get down

解析：选C考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想给青少年们讲清楚的是沉迷于网络在一定程度上对身心健康有害。get across“把……讲清楚”，符合句意。get off“动身；出发”；get through“顺利通过(考试等)”；get down“写下；记下”。

3．(2014·万州区一诊)—Did you receive the letter the next day?

—No.Somehow, it was three weeks ________ I received it.

A．since B．when C．that D．before

解析：选D考查连词辨析。句意：“你第二天收到这封信了吗”“没有，三个星期之后我才收到。”It was＋时间段＋before意为“过了多长时间才……”，主句用一般过去时，从句也应为一般过去时。

4．(2014·成都第三次诊断)When first ________ down in Chengdu, Maria found herself unable to get used to the spicy food.

A．settling B．settled C．settles D．to settle

解析：选A考查非谓语动词。句意：刚在成都定居时，Maria发现自己很不适应这里的辛辣食物。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词，settle与其逻辑主语Maria之间构成主动关系，而且动作已经发生，故选A，现在分词作时间状语。

5．(2014·马鞍山高三模拟)Schools in China are required to ________ at least one “Sports Day” per academic year.

A．set aside B．set down C．set out D．set off

解析：选A考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国的学校被要求每学年留出至少一个“运动日”。set aside“留出；拨出”；set down“写下；记下”；set out“动身；出发”；set off“出发；爆炸”。

6．(2014·兰州一中考前冲刺)It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.

A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．had been held

解析：选B It is the first/second ...time that ...结构中的从句常用现在完成时，故选B项。

7．(2014·天津十二区县联考)This football player was accused of taking money for not scoring goals ________.

A．by chance B．on end C．in turn D．on purpose

解析：选D句意：这名足球运动员被指控拿了钱故意不进球。on purpose“故意地”，符合题意。by chance“偶然地”；on end“连续地”；in turn“依次；反过来”。

8．How can Linda ________ from her illness in this room when it’s so dirty and cold? It will only make her worse.

A．escape B．recover C．separate D．graduate

解析：选B在本句中，四个动词均可以与介词from搭配，但构成的短语意义各不相同，escape from“从……中逃跑、逃脱”；recover from“从……恢复、康复”；separate from“(使)从……中分离”；graduate from“毕业于……”。根据语境可知选B项。

9．(2014·三峡名校联盟联考)After ________ series of unsuccessful attempts, he has finally passed ________ driving test.

A．/; the B．a; the C．the; a D．/; a

解析：选B句意：经过连续几次的失败，他最终通过了驾驶考试。a series of是固定短语，意为“一系列；一连串”，所以第一个空用不定冠词a；第二个空用定冠词the，特指驾驶考试。

10．(2014·德州模拟)—Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?

—It was in the hall ________ the students often have a meeting.

A．where B．which

C．that D．when

解析：选A完整的答句为强调句式，强调地点状语in the hall，后面省略了that I found the professor。“________ the students often have a meeting”为定语从句，where引导定语从句，指代先行词the hall.

11．I am tired ________ the partner I have been working with; he is too hard a person ________.

A．with; to get along with

B．from; to be got along with

C．of; to get along with

D．of; getting along with

解析：选C句意：我很烦一起工作的搭档，他是个很难相处的人。be tired of“厌倦”；get along with ...“与……相处”。

12．(2014·杭州学军中学高三质检)—I said hello to you in the street yesterday, but you ________ me completely.

—I’m sorry. Maybe I didn’t notice you.

A．cheated B．hid C．ignored D．recognized

解析：选C考查动词词义辨析。由问句中的“我和你打招呼”及答句中的“或许我没有注意到你”可知C项ignore“忽视；不理睬”，符合语境。cheat“欺骗”；hide“躲藏”；recognize “认出”。

13．(2014·南京金陵中学模拟)I failed again, but my parents encouraged me and told me that failure ________ the mother of success.

A．was B．is C．be D．has been

解析：选B表示“真理、事实”的直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变，仍用一般现在时。

14．(2014·宜宾五校第二次调研考试)Teachers’Day is a time to be ________ to all teachers who deserve special recognition.

A．available B．grateful C．generous D．ridiculous

解析：选B考查形容词辨析。句意：教师节是向所有老师表示感谢的时候，他们理应受到这样的特殊认可。grateful“感激的；表示感谢的”，符合句意。available“可获得的”；generous“大方的；慷慨的”；ridiculous“荒唐的”。

15．—Must I do well in all the subjects, Mum?

—Sure, baby! As an old saying goes, knowledge is ________.

A．command B．effort C．power D．energy

解析：选C句意：“妈妈，我一定要各科成绩优异吗？”“当然了。俗话说得好，知识就是力量。”power“力量”，符合句意。

(Ⅰ)单词拼写

1．Let me get this straight (直接地) — Tom sold the house and gave you the money?

2．The businessman speaks with a heavy Scottish accent (口音)．

3．Man’s dream of making a space voyage (航行) finally came true.

4．Has the company officially (正式地) confirmed the appointment?

5．Some medical experts will study the case at the request (要求) of the hospital.

6．She studied eight languages but is fluent (流利的) in only four of them.

7．This latter (后面的) point was of great importance.

8．His apartment is three blocks (街区) away from the police station.

(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空

1．My computer has a program which can correct my spelling(s) (spell) automatically.

2．Please set off earlier because the buses run less frequently (frequent) on Sundays.

3．Good books can enrich (rich) man’s inner life.

4．Nearly one hundred countries recognize English as their official (office) language.

5．This tree looks tall and strong but actually (actual) its trunk is hollow.

6．Gradually (gradual) the farmland turned into a desert.

(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)

1．I can hardly express how grateful I feel. I will give him a present as an expression of gratitude.(express)

2．He had changed so much that you couldn’t recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition. (recognize)

1．Scientists are developing new ways to make_good_(full)_use_of (充分利用) the solar energy more effectively.

2．He was very angry because_of (因为) what you said.

3．Don’t hesitate to call me whenever anything comes_up (出现；发生)．

4．Because of the flood, the_number_of (……的数量) homeless people has increased rapidly.

5．The Chinese government plays_an_important_part_in (在……方面起着重要的作用) international affairs.

6．Believe_it_or_not (信不信由你), I didn’t get into trouble for being late for the grammar class today.

7．The local economy is still dependent on traditional industries such_as (例如) farming and mining.

8．I’m afraid he has been away on business at_present (现在；目前)．

一、常考词汇细点拨

1．base vt.以……为根据n．基部；基地；基础

[教材原句]It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.

①We should base the theory on careful research.

我们应该把理论建立在仔细研究的基础上。

②The film based_on the novel by Mo Yan is well worth seeing.

根据莫言的小说改编的电影非常值得观看。

③The government provides them with not only food and shelter, but also the_basic_skills for their living.

政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处，还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。

[链接高考]

(2012·江苏高考)________ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.

A．Based B．Basing C．Base D．To base

解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：把一个重要的决定更多地建立在情感基础上，而不是以理性思考为基础，你迟早会后悔的。此处动词base与其逻辑主语you之间构成主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故选B项。

2．command n．[C]命令；指令；[U]掌握vt.命令；指挥；支配；博得；赢得

[经典例句]Applicants will be expected to have a good command of English.(牛津P390)

①I’m at your command— what would you like me to do?

我听从你的吩咐——你要我做什么？

②Only when you have_a_good_command_of vocabulary, will reading no longer be your obstacle.

只有掌握充足的词汇，阅读才不会成为你的拦路虎。

③He commanded that we_should_finish the work in an hour.

＝He commanded us_to_finish the work in an hour.

他命令我们一个小时内完成这项工作。

3．request n．& vt.请求；要求

[经典例句]All members of the club are requested to attend the annual meeting.

(朗文P1281)

①My parents requested that I should learn a second foreign language.

＝My parents requested me to learn a second foreign language.

我父母要求我再学一门外语。

②It_is_requested_that all the articles should be related to the students’life.

要求所有的文章与学生的生活有关。

③The kidnappers were merciless and Getty’s son made repeated requests for help from his father.

(2013·山东高考阅读表达)

绑架者毫无慈悲之心，Getty的儿子不断向他的父亲求助。

[名师指津]后跟虚拟语气的动词：

一坚持：insist;

二命令：order, command;

三建议：suggest, advise, recommend;

四要求：demand, request, require, desire; 再加一个敦促：urge。

4．recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认

[高考佳句]Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a change in number.

(2013·广东高考完形填空)

①I recognized his voice the moment he opened his mouth.

他一张嘴说话，我就听出了他的声音。

②We had to recognize that they had many advantages over us in some aspects.

我们不得不承认，他们在某些方面要比我们更有优势。

③It_is_recognized_that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.

人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。

④The city has been built up so fast that it’s changed beyond_recognition.

这城市建设得真快，已看不出它原来的面貌了。

二、间考词汇自识记

1．native adj.本国的；本地的n.本地人；本国人

be native to ... 产于……

It is well-known that the panda is native to China.

众所周知，大熊猫产于中国。

2．latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中的)后者

the former ...the latter ...前者……后者……

Mary and Jane are both my friends. The former is a clerk in a bank and the latter teaches English in a middle school.

玛丽和简都是我的朋友，前者是银行的职员，后者在中学教英语。

3．block n．街区；块；木块；石块

[熟词生义]读句子猜含义

Seeing the road blocked with snow, we had to spend the holiday at home, watching TV.阻挡———————————————————————————————————

1．come up走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮等)升起

[经典例句]I’m afraid something urgent has come up. (牛津P388)

恐怕有紧急事情发生了。

[一词多义]

写出下列句中come up的含义

①An old lady came up to me and asked for directions. 走近

②As soon as the project came up at the meeting, it attracted many people’s attention.

被提出③When the moon came up, the young people began their celebration. 升起

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