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中考英语代词专题

中考英语代词专题
中考英语代词专题

初中英语代词知识归纳总结

代词是代替名词的一种词类,在初中的学习是重点,所以对于初中的英语代词知识点进行归纳很有必要。以下是学习啦小编分享给大家的初中英语代词知识归纳,希望可以帮到你!

初中英语代词知识归纳

一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、" 初一;它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,主格在句中作主语;宾格作宾语,用在动词和介词之后。例如;I will write to her tomorrow. 人称代词见下表:

二、物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人物和数的变化见上表。形代后必须有名词,名代后不必加名词,名代=形代+名词如: I like his car. 我喜欢他的小汽车。Our school is here,and theirs is there. 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿. 本句中theirs=their school。

三、反身代词是表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我们自己"、"你们自己"和"他们自己"等的代词,也叫做自身代词。变化规则:一二人称在形容性物主代词后加self(单数)或selves (复数)。第三人称在宾格后加self(单数)或selves (复数)。如: She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。阶段常用的短语有teach oneself自学,dress oneself 自己穿衣,come to

oneself 恢复知觉,enjoy oneself 过的快活,help oneself to 随便吃、随便用,make youself at home 不受约束,by oneself 独自地; 单独地,speak to oneself 自言自语

四、指示代词有this,that,these,those等。This,those在一些句子中代替前面的名词以避免重复,如:The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou. 这种题型经常在中出现。

五、相互代词是表示相互关系的代词,有each other;和one another两组,但在运用中,这两组词没什么区别。如: They love each other. 他们彼此相爱。

六、不定代词指不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词。常见的不定代词有a11,both,each,every等,以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代词,如anybody,something,no one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但none和由some,any,no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语。如: --- Do you have a car? --你有一辆小汽车吗? --- Yes,I have one. --是的,我有一辆。--- I don’t know any of them. 他们,我一个也不认识。

七、疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。

八、关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等,可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(通称为先行词)。以后我们在从句的时候再详细讲解。

常见考法

对于代词的考察,通常是以单项选择或完形填空形式考查代词词义及其用法,尤其是几个易混淆的代词,如every和each,前者用于三个或三个以上,不能与连用,后者用于两个或两个以上,可以和连用。

初中英语代词使用误区提醒

1.准确使用不定代词both,all,either,any,neither,none等,这是代词考查的重点。both表示“两者都”;all表示“三者或三者以上都”;either指两者之间任何一个,常与or 连用;any指三者或三者以上中任一个;neither 意为“两者都不”;none 指三者或三者以上都不。

2.形容词修饰复合不定代词需要后置。

3.准确使用人称代词宾格、物主代词、反身代词。

典型例题1:I have two sons,but _____ of them looks like me. Aboth B. none C. neither D. every

解析:本题考查不定代词的用法。B和D都用于三者或三者以上,故排除;表示转折,说明“两个儿子都不像我”,neither意为“两者都不”,故用C。

答案:C

典型例题2:Look at the photo,the girl beside--- is Nancy.

AI B my C me D mine

解析:本题考查人称代词用法,介词后加宾语。

答案:C

总结:准确辨别各个代词的用法,注意上下文之间的联系。

代词的定义和分类

代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。

连接代词的用法

1. 连接代词主要包括who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever, whosever 等,它们在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等(但who, whom, whoever 等不用于名词前作定语),主要用于引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句等。

如:Ask him which he wants. 问他要哪一个。(which引导宾语从句) The question is who can help us. 问题是谁能帮助我们。(who引导表语从句)

What he says sounds reasonable. 他说的话听起来有道理。(what引导主语从句)

2. 关系代词型what 的用法。

比较下列两句:

Idon't know what you like. 我不知道你喜欢什么。

You can get what you like. 你想要什么就可得到什么。

第一句中的what 表示"什么";第二句中的what 则具有关系代词的性质,相当于"先行词+关系代词",表示"…所…的一切事或东西",如上面第二句的what就相当于everything that。顺便说一句,如第二句这样用的what 有时还可后接一个名词。

如:We gave him what (little) help(此处help为名词) we could. 我们给了他我们力所能及的帮助。

3. whatever, whoever与whichever的用法:它们可用于引导主语从句和宾语从句,也可用于引导让步状语从句。如:

Whoever comes will be welcome. 任何人来都欢迎。(whoever引导主语从句)

Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是对的。(whatever引导主语从句)

Whoever you are, you can't enter. 不管你是谁,都不能进去。(whoever 引导让步状语从句)

Whichever side wins, I shall be happy. 不管哪边赢,我都会高兴。(whichever引导让步状语从句)

疑问代词的用法

1. 疑问代词即指who, whom, whose, which, what等用于引出特殊疑问句的代词。它们在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。

如:What did she say? 她怎么说?(what作say的宾语)

Which are our seats? 哪些是我们的座位?(which作表语)

What are you worrying about? 你为什么事烦恼?(what作about的宾语)

注意:1. who和whom 只用作主语、宾语和表语,不用作定语;what, which, whose 则既可用作主语、宾语和表语,也可用作定语。

2. what与which的用法区别:当选择的范围较明确时,用which;当选择的范围不明确时,用what。

如:Which color do you like, red, black or white? 红色、黑色和白色,你喜欢哪种?

What color is your car? 你的汽车是什么颜色的?

相互代词的用法

英语的相互代词只有each other和one another,它们在句中通常只用作宾语,不能用作主语或状语等。如:

Students should help one another. 学生应该互相帮助。

We have known each other for many years. 我们认识许多年了。

注意:相互代词可以有所有格形式(each other's, one another's)。如: They often stay in one another's house. 他们常常在彼此的家里住。另外,有人认为each other用于两者,one another用于三者,但在现代英语中它们常可换用(即均可用于两者或三者)。

物主代词的定义

定义:物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词在句中只用作定语,相当于一个形容词,不能单独使用;名词性物主代词则

不能用作定语,相当于一个名词词组,可以单独使用,在句中用作主语、宾语、表语、和介词of连用。如:

Here is my dog. Its name is Tom.(形容词性物主代词its作name的定语) My sister lost her bicycle. (形容词性物主代词her作bicycle的定语)

Is that coffee yours or hers? (名词性物主代词)

人称代词的定义

定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。

如:Tom is a boy, and he(代指第三人称单数Tom) is a student.

Mary is very pretty, and she(代指第三人称单数Mary) likes singing. The boys are students, and they(代指第三人称复数数The boys) are in the room.

The dog is small. It(代之第三人称单数The dog) is Tom's.

人称代词的句法作用

A)人称代词有主格和宾语之分:主格用作主语和表语,宾格用作宾语。

如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher. (主语)

She and I are good friends(主语). Neither she nor I am student.

--I saw the boys this morning.

--Are you sure it was they(表语)?

B) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语,或者介词的宾语。

如:I saw him at the party(动词see的宾语).

Ihaven't seen them recently. (动词see的宾语)

Ibought a book for them.(作介词for的宾语)

=I bought them a book.(作介词buy的间接宾语)

☆注意:

a.在口语中,人称代词的主格形式作表语时,常常可以用宾格替换。

如:It can't be he/him.

--Is this Mr. Green?

--Yes, this is he/him.

b. 在口语中,当人称代词用于than, as 之后或用于强调句中被强调时,用主格(较正式) 和宾格(较口语化) 均可以。

如:He sings better than I/me. 他比我唱得好。

You know more than she/her.

She is as tall as me (me=I am).

c. 单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它充当的是主语也是如此。如: "I like English." "Me too=I like English too." "我喜欢英语。""我也喜欢。"

--Who did it?

--Them.(=They did it)

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