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非谓语动词用法总结

非谓语动词用法总结
非谓语动词用法总结

非谓语动词用法总结

非谓语动词是历年高考英语的重要考点之一,同时也是较难掌握的难点之一。它贯穿于英语学习和考试过程的始终。但是,只要认真分析、透彻理解、看透本质、准确把握,就一定能在高考中运筹帷幄,游刃有余。

一.非谓语动词区别简表

二.不定式的用法

不定式不可作谓语,但它可以有自己的宾语、状语,构成不定式短语,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语(表用途)、状语或补足语。高考对不定式的考查主要有不定式的时态、语态、作用、否定、省略、连词+不定式等。

作主语

不定式作主语表示具体的动作,通常指一件已知

的事或目的。

不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事,做是另外一回事。)

(2)不定式短语较长时,通常放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。

eg:①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。)

②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。)

③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.(被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。)

2.作宾语

(1)常只用不定式作宾语的动词有:want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend ,decide,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,l earn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend

等。

eg:①He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮助我.)

②She has agreed to come tomorrow.(他已同意明天来.)

(2) 不定式较长时,作宾语,也可用it代替,放在后面。

eg;I find it difficult to do the job well.

(3) “特殊疑问词﹢不定式to do结构”具有名词特征,可作宾语。

eg:①She didn’t know whether to go or not.

②They haven’t decided when and where to build the school.

(4)不定式可作介but,except,besides(除……之外)的宾语,介词前有实义动词do的任何一种形式,后边的不定式就无to,否则必带to。eg:①I want to do nothing but play the

computer games。

②I have no choice but to wait。

3.动词不定式作表语

(1)不定式作表语放在be和其他系动词后,说明主语的内容。同样,“特殊疑问词+不定式”具有名词特征,也可作表语。

eg:①My job is to sweep the floor.

②His goal was to enter the key university of Beijing.

③The first question is how to find a better way to learn English well.

(2)不定式作主语时,表语也必须为不定式,结构必须保持一致。

eg:To see is to believe.

(3)如果主语部分的谓语动词或非谓语动词是实义动词do的某种形式,那么作表语的不定式可以省去to.

eg:①The first thing to do is find her.

②The only thing he could do was tell the truth.

4.不定式作定语

不定式作定语常放在所修饰的名词或代词后。eg:①I have something important to tell you.(不定式与被修饰名词构成被动关系。)

②His wish to an artist has never come true.( 不定式与被修饰名词构成同位关系。) He is the right man to do the job. ( 不定式与被修饰名词构成主动关系。)

The little girl was unhappy because she had no friends to

play with. ( 不定式与被修饰名词构成主动关系。)(注:若不定式为不及物动词,其后须加上相应的介词。)

5.不定式作状语

不定式作状语主要是表示目的、条件、原因和结果,可位于句首或句末,但句首时通常用逗号隔

开。

eg:①We set off early that morning to catch the first bus.(目的)

②To get a good result,she worked very hard.(目的)

③I feel it an honor to be invited to the party.(条件)

④She was very happy to get the first prize.(原因)

⑤He worked hard only to fail.(结果) (注:1.不定式常用在so as 或in order后,与它们一起作谓语,表示目的,但so as引起的不定式不可置于句首。

eg:In order to avoid mistakes,check your homework.

2.不定式表目的常和only连用,往往表示出乎意料的意想不到的不愿得到的结果。

eg:He hurried to the station only to find

the train had left.)

3.“形容词+enough+不定式”和“too+形容词或副词(不表情感)+不定式”也可作结果状语。

eg:①He is old enough to go to school.

②He is too weak to raise the stone.

但“too+表情感形容词

(pleased,ready,glad,willing,anxious等)+to do”表示肯定意义,too前面可用only,but 等词修饰。

eg:①They were (only) too anxious to leave.(他们只是太急于离开了。)

②She is (only) too pleased to go home.(她非常高兴可以回家了。)

6.不定式作补语

不定式作补语表示动作的完成。宾语与作补语的不定式之间是主动关系。

(1)后接动词不定式作宾补的常见动词有:

want,wish,expect,prefer,like,hate,ask,beg, request,require,beg,get,advise,persuade,i nvite,order,remind,permit,allow,send,call on,wouldlike/love,arrange for,depend on 等。

eg:①She wanted me to arrive there early.

②Our headmaster call on us to work hard.

(2)动词不定式可作感官动词(五看二听一感觉即:see,look at,watch,observe,notice,hear,listen to,feel)和使让动词

(let,make,have等)后面的宾补时,不定式符号to要省略,但如果句子变被动结构,必须带to.表示动作的完成。

eg:①He made them climb the hill.

②They were made to climb the hill.

(3)动词不定式可作形容词的补足语

动词不定式可作形容词的补足语,句型为:

(一)主语+系动词+表语(adj为convenient/easy/expensive/difficult/hard /impossible/pleasent等)+to do.(注:to do 常用主动表被动,其中do为vt,主语为to do 的宾语。)

(二)主语+find/think/consider/believe等+宾语+adj+to do.(注:其中to do常用主动表被动,其中do为vt,主语为to do的宾语。) eg:①He is easy to fool.

②Thewomanishardtoworkwith.

③Hefindthejobdifficulttodo.

(4)“特殊疑问词+不定式to do”具有名词特征,可作宾补。(谓语动词多为show,know,teach,tell等。)

eg:I’ll tell you how to get there

7不定式作评注性状语或插入语

不定式可以作评注性状语或插入语,放在句子前面、中间或末尾。常见的有to be frank,to be honest,to tell the truth,to begin with,to start with,to be short等。

eg:To begin with,I thinkyou are wrong. 三.动名词用法

动名词具有动词和名词的特点,有一般式和完成式,有主动式和被动式,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语.否定形式在其前面加not.

(1)动名词作主语

动名词作主语表示抽象动作,指一件已知的事或经验。

eg:①Driving a car on the crowded road is boring.

②Reading is my hobby.

(2)常只用动名词作宾语的动词有:admit,avoid,appreciate,consider(考虑)dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine

,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist,sugge st等。

eg:①I can’t imagine marrying her.

②She managed to escape being punished.

以下动词词组后面只接动名词作宾语:give up,belong to,look forward to,keep

on,insist on,be busy,get down to,be devoted to,have

difficulty/trouble(in),have

agood/wonderful time (in)等。

eg:①I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.

②He gave up smoking three years.

(3)动名词可作表语

动名词可作表语,一般为主语的内容.表示一般性或习惯性的动作。在概念上可以和主语划等号。把主语和表语倒过来,句子的基本含义不变。

eg:His hobby is painting.

(4)动名词可作定语

动名词可作定语,表示所修饰事物的功能或用途。eg:He often studies in the reading room. 四.现在分词

现在分词具有动词、形容词和副词的特征,在句中作定语、状语、补语和表语。

1作定语

现在分词作定语,单个v.-ing放在被修饰的名词前;如果短语作定语,则放在所修饰词的后面。动词-ing作定语和被修饰词之间为主动关系,表示动作正在同时进行或经常性发生。

eg:①the falling leaves=the leaves which are falling

②the rising sun=the sun which is rising

③I saw him go into the house facing south.

2作状语

动词-ing或其短语作状语时,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、方式、伴随等。表示时间关系的动词-ing短语可由连词while或when 引出。

eg:①Hearing the news,they got excited.(时间)

②Having finished his homework,she was playing on the playground.(原因)

③Studying hard,you are sure to get the first prize.(条件)

3作补语

现在分词作补语表示动作正在进行,宾语与作补语的现在分词之间是主动关系。

后面常接现在分词作宾补的动词有感官动词(五看二听一感觉see,look

at,watch,observe,notice,hear,listen

to,feel)使让动词(have,get)以及其他类动

词leave,keep,catch,set等。表示动作正在进行。

eg:①I saw them playing games on the playground yesterday.

②Don’t leave him waiting outside the room.

4作表语

现在分词作表语相当于形容词,常表示主语所具有的特征,含有主动意味。大多数使动词的现在分词通常可作表语,常见的有:interesting,amusing,boring,tiring,pleasin g,exciting,moving,disappointing,surpring ,encouraging等。

eg:①His story was very moving.

②The speech is really boring.

5作评注性状语或插入语

可以作评注性状语或插入语,放在句子前面、中间或末尾。

五.过去分词

过去分词既有副词的特征又有动词的特征,在句中可作定语、状语、补语、表语等成分。(1)作定语

过去分词作定语,它和被修饰词之间是被动、完成关系,单个过去分词作定语放在前,过去分词短语作定语放在后。其中及物动词的过去分词表示完成或被动概念,不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成概念,没有被动的意味。

eg: ①the risen sun =the sun which has risen

②fallen leaves=leaves which has fallen

③This is the house built several years ago.=This is the house which was built sveral years ago.

(2)作状语

过去分词在句中作状语,说明动作发生的背景或情况。它和被修饰词之间是被动关系。它在句中

可以作时间、条件、原因、方式、让步和伴随状语。

eg:①Tired out,they stopped to have a rest.(原因)

②Taken around the city,we were impressed by the city’s new look.

③Though warned of the danger ,he still went skating on the thin ice.

(3)作补语

及物动词的过去分词作补语,和宾语之间构成被动关系。不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表状态和完成。

(1)可以带过去分词作宾补的动词有感官动词(五看二听一感觉),使役动词have,get,make等,以及其他类动keep,leave,like,want,wish等。eg:①I can’t get the car going.

②I had my leg broken last week. (4)作表语

过去分词作表语表示被动意义,主语常是人,一般用来表示感受和状态,可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有:

astonished,delighted,disappointed,excite d,experienced,exhausted,frightened,inter ested,puzzled,qualitied,satisfied,upset等,有些过去分词作表语实际上已经构成固定短语。如:be interested in,be satisfied with,be covered with,be dressed in,be seated,be locked等。能用这些分词作表语的系动词有be,get,remain,stay等。

eg:①The door remained locked.

②We were greatly encouraged when we heard the speech.

六.非谓语动词的独立结构非谓语动词的独立结构为“名词或代词+非谓语动词”或“with+名词/代词+非谓语动词”。在语法上是一个独立的短语,不是句子(即:非

谓语动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致,须保留之后所构成的结构)。可放在句首或句尾。(一) 名词或代词+非谓语动词

(1)名词/代词+不定式

名词或代词通常为动作的执行者,与不定式构成逻辑上的主谓关系,可位于句首或句末。

eg:He will send me ﹩100 first,the rest to follow in a year.

(2) 名词/代词+现在分词

名词或代词通常为现在分词所表示的动作的执行者,与现在分词构成逻辑上的主谓关系。

eg①:Time permiting,we finish the work.(表条件)

②Spring coming on,the trees turns green.(表时间)

(3)名词/代词+过去分词

名词或代词通常为过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。与过去分词构成逻辑上的动宾关系或系表关

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非谓语动词用法归纳 一、表格的用法 1. doing 的用法 (1)在要求动词后(作宾语):avoid 避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge 承认/自 认admit 承认advocate 提倡/ 主张consider 考虑can't help 不禁can't stand 受不了contemplate 细想complete 完成confess 坦白dislike 不喜欢,讨厌deserve 值得delay 延迟deny 否认dread 可怕defer 拖延detest 嫌恶enjoy 享有/喜爱envy 嫉妒endure 忍受excuse 借口escape 逃跑/ 逃避finish 完成forgive 原谅fancy 幻想/ 爱好favor 造成/ 偏爱figure 描绘/ 计算hate 讨厌imagine 设想involve 卷入/ 包含keep 保持miss 错过mention 说到/ 讲到mind 介意pardon 原谅/ 饶恕permit 允许postpone 推迟practice 实行/实践prevent 阻止quit 放弃停止risk 冒险recall 回想resist 抵抗/ 阻止resume 恢复repent 悔悟resent 怨恨stand 坚持/ 忍受suggest 建议save 营救/ 储蓄tolerate 忍受

worth 值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. (2)表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. (3)表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. (4)表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. (5)表性质;特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. 6)概括性, 一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting.

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学好英语很有用。 It’s important for us to protect the environment. 保护环境对我们来说很重要。 注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。如: It’s very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that.你那样做真是太聪明啦! 2)不定式作宾语 ①一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如:would like,like,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect等。 如:Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗? ②在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在句末。 如:I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很容易。 ③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式 why not do...,why don’t you do...,had better(not) do...,would rather do,could/would/will you please(not) do... 如:I would rather stay in the room.我宁愿待在房间里。 3)不定式作宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如:tell,ask,want,allow,get,would like,encourage 后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如:Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露西让他关小收音机。 My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.我妈妈鼓励我学日语。 注意: 还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补,这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear,listen to)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(look at,see,watch,notice),但变被动语态时,必须加上to。 如:My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss. 老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。 4)不定式作定语

高考英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)

高考英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1.The rainforest is an amazing place, ________ with plants and animals that aren’t found anywhere else in the world. A.filling B.filled C.being filled D.to fill 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方,充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组:be filled with被……充满,此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系,所以用过去分词做伴随状态,故选B。 2.115.______ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank-you note on Mother’s Day. A.Expressing B.Expressed C.To express D.Having expressed 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:为了表达他的爱,克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。用不定式表目的,故选C。 3.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career. A.to thank B.thanking C.having thanked D.to have thanked 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意:在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后,Anne Benedict继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。go on to do继续做不同的事情,所以选A。 考点:考查不定式 【名师点睛】不定式有一些具体的用法,可以做宾语,定语,状语。还有不定式的不同形式:to do;to be doing;to have done。这题要注意go on to do“继续做不同的事情”和go on doing“继续做相同的事情”的区别。结合语境是关键。 4.Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A.realizing B.realized C.to realize D.being realized 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间,这个男孩决定停止玩电脑游戏。首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语

非谓语动词用法归纳

否定形式: not +不定式,not + 动名词,not + 现在分词

1.不定式与动名词作主语得区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) it is not very good for you to smoke so much.您抽这么多烟对您身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知得事或经验。

不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成得事或目得。 climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验) driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语得不定式短语后置。 it took me only five minutes to finish the job、 动名词或不定式都可以在句中作主语,但在下列句型中常用动名词作主语。 it is / was no use / good + doing sth、 it is / was not any use / good + doing sth、 it is / was of little use / good + doing sth、 it is / was useless doing sth、 it is no use crying over spilt milk、覆水难收。 it is of little good staying up too late every day、 每天都熬夜没有什么好处 2.不定式与动名词作宾语得区别 英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语,但有些动词要求: (1)不定式做宾语与宾语补足语 1)下面得动词要求不定式做宾语 afford, agree, arrange, choose, decide, hope, expect, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend, seem 常跟不定式作宾语得动词歌诀: 三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝, 设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。 hope; wish; want ; agree; promise demand; ask; refuse manage; learn; decide pretend ; choose 想要拒绝命令,需要努力学习,期望同意帮助,希望决定开始。

非谓语动词用法分析说明

非谓语动词用法分析说明 非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义,我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。 1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job. 2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 (1)不定式作表语 1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。 To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。 (2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。 To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。 To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。 (3)如果主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等为中心的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。 His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future.他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。 The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior. The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant. (4)动名词作表语:动名词作表语,表示抽象的一般性的行为。 Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。 His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。英语暑假学习 注:动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同,但其所属结构迥异,进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语,说明主语的性质或情况。

非谓语动词用法详解

非谓语动词用法详解 动词的非谓语形式有三种:不定式、动名词和分词 (一)不定式 不定式由“to十动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to do”.不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化.不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语.不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for十名词或代词宾格”构成. 1.不定式的用法: l)作主语.不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语.例如: To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2)作宾语.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语。往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语.例如: He wanted to go. I find it interesting to study work with him. 3)作宾语补足语.例如: He asked me to do the work with him. 注意:在feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice, observe,see,watch,have, let,make等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to.但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带to.例如 I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. 注意:不定式动词在介词but,except,besides后面时,如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么,这些介词后的不定式不带to,否则要带to.如: She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides swim? I have no choice but to go. 动词help之后,带to或不带to都可以。 Will you please help me (to) take this suitcase? 请你帮我提一下这个衣箱好吗?She often helps her mother (to) clean their house. 她经常帮助她妈妈打扫房子。 4)作定语.例如: I have some books for you to read. 注①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词.例如: He is looking for a room to live in. There is nothing to worry about.

非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)

一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法 (1)在要求动词后(作宾语):avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认admit 承认advocate 提倡/主张consider 考虑can't help不禁can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白dislike 不喜欢,讨厌deserve值得delay延迟deny否认dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受worth值得You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. (2)表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. (3)表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. (4)表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. (5)表性质;特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. (6)概括性,一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting. Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(概括性,一般性) Our work is serving the people. (7)动名词的逻辑主语为;①人称代词的所有格+动名词;②名词's+动名词。例如: Tom insisted on my going with them.他坚持要我和他们一起去。 He dislikes his wife's working late.他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。

(完整版)非谓语的用法总结

非谓语动词的用法总结 李靖 非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)不是真正意义上的谓语动词,在句中都不能单独作谓语。但都具有动词的某些特点,可以有自己的宾语或状语,构成非谓语动词短语。不定式表目的,表将来;动名词表主动,表进行;过去分词表被动,表完成。 一.作主语( 动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数) 1)不定式、动名词都可做主语,但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作,可以是多次的经常的行为;不定式多表示具体的动作,尤其是某一次的动作。如: Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。(泛指玩火) To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火会发生危险。 2)用动名词做主语的句型: It’s no use/no good/pleasure doing sth 做.......没有用处/好处/乐趣 It’s a waste of time doing sth 做.... 浪费时间 It is worth doing sth 值得做某事 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值得的。 3)不定式做主语的句型. It is + adj +for sb to do sth. 比较:表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/wrong等单词出现 时。 It is silly of you to say so. It is important for us to learn English well. It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language. 4) “Wh- + to 不定式”可做主语。如: When to leave hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候动身还没定呢。 Whether to drive or take the train is still a problem.是自驾车还是乘火车仍是一个问题。 5)一般情况下,不定式和动名词作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如: Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe 眼见为实。 . Planting flowers needs constant watering. 但and连接的多个动名词作主语,谓语动词大多用复数(如果前后动名词的语义一致, 谓语一般用单数)。如:Lying and stealing are immoral. 说谎与盗窃是不道德的。 6) 动名词前面可以加上形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。如: ----- What made him angry? ------ Mary’s /My/His/Her /Their/ The boy’s/ The president’s being late(made him angry. 7being,构成动名词,做主语。如: . Being examined twice a year , driver must obey in this city. 经典练习:

非谓语动词用法归纳(非常齐全)

it is / was no use / good + doing sth. it is / was not any use / good + doing sth. it is / was of little use / good + doing sth. it is / was useless doing sth. it is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 it is of little good staying up too late every day. 每天都熬夜没有什么好处 2.不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语,但有些动词要求: (1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语 1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语 afford, agree, arrange, choose, decide, hope, expect, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend, seem 常跟不定式作宾语的动词歌诀: 三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝, 设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。 hope; wish; want ; agree; promise demand; ask; refuse manage; learn; decide pretend ; choose 想要拒绝命令,需要努力学习,期望同意帮助,希望决定开始。

want ; refuse ; order need; try ; learn expect ; agree ; help hope ; wish ; decide ; begin ;start 2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补:动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求,邀请get请,得到prompt促使 allow允许forbid禁止prefer喜欢,宁愿 announce宣布force强迫press迫使 bride 收买inspire鼓舞request请求 assist协助hate憎恶pronounce断定,表示 advise劝告exhort告诫,勉励pray请求 authorize授权,委托help帮助recommend劝告,推荐 bear容忍implore恳求remind提醒 beg请求induce引诱report报告 compel强迫invite吸引,邀请,summon传唤 command命令intend想要,企图show 显示 drive驱赶mean意欲,打算train训练 cause引起instruct指示require要求 deserve应受leave使,让tell告诉 direct指导like喜欢tempt劝诱 entitle有资格order命令warn告诫 enable使能够need需要urge激励,力说 encourage鼓励oblige不得不want想要 condemn指责,谴责lead引起,使得teach教

(精心整理)非谓语动词用法总结

非谓语动词用法总结 非谓语动词是历年高考英语的重要考点之一,同时也是较难掌握的难点之一。它贯穿于英语学习和考试过程的始终。但是,只要认真分析、透彻理解、看透本质、准确把握,就一定能在高考中运筹帷幄,游刃有余。 一.非谓语动词区别简表

二.不定式的用法 不定式不可作谓语,但它可以有自己的宾语、状语,构成不定式短语,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语(表用途)、状语或补足语。高考对不定式的考查主要有不定式的时态、语态、作用、否定、省略、连词+不定式等。 作主语 不定式作主语表示具体的动作,通常指一件已知的事或目的。 不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事,做是另外一回事。)

(2)不定式短语较长时,通常放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。 eg:①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。) ②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。) ③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.(被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。) 2.作宾语 (1)常只用不定式作宾语的动词有:want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend ,decide,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,l earn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend 等。 eg:①He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮助我.) ②She has agreed to come

英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)

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