朗文词典注释所用2000核心词汇集

朗文词典注释所用2000核心词汇集

The Longman Defining Vocabulary

Words used in the definitions in this dictionary

All the definitions in this dictionary have been written using the words in this list. If a definition includes a word that is not in the list, that word is shown in small capital letters.

The Defining Vocabulary has been carefully chosen after a thorough study of all the well-known frequency lists of English words. Furthermore, only the most common and ‘entral’ meanings of the words in the list have actually been used in definitions. We have also used a special computer program that checks every entry to ensure that words from outside the Defining Vocabulary do not appear in definitions.

Word class restrictions

For some words in the list, a word class label such as n or adj is shown. This means that this particular word is used in definitions only in the word class shown. So anger, for example, is used only as a noun and not as a verb. But if no word class is shown for a word, it can be used in any of its usual word classes: answer, for example, is used in definitions both as a noun and as a verb.

Compound words

Definitions occasionally include compound words formed from words in the Defining Vocabulary, but this is only done if the meaning is completely clear. For example, the word businessman (formed from business and man) is used in some definitions.

Prefixes and suffixes

The main list is followed by a list of common prefixes and suffixes. These can be added to words in the main list to form derived words, provided the meaning is completely clear. For example, the word nervousness (formed by adding -ness to nervous) is used in some definitions.

Phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs formed by combining words in the Defining Vocabulary (for example, put up with) are not used in definitions in the dictionary, except in a very small number of cases where the phrasal verb is extremely common and there is no common equivalent. So, for example, give up (as in give up smoking) and take off (as in the plane took off) are occasionally used.

Proper names

The Defining Vocabulary does not include the names of actual places, nationalities, religions, and so on, which are occasionally mentioned in definitions.

Pearson Education Limited 1999

A total of 2043 words,by Qxlee A

a abbreviation ability

able

about

above adv, prep abroad absence absent adj accept acceptable accident accidental according (to) account n achieve achievement acid

across

act

action

active

activity actor, actress actual actually

add

addition additional address adjective admiration admire

admit

adult advanced advantage

adventure n

adverb

advertise

advertisement

advice

advise

affair

affect

afford

afraid

after adv, conj, prep

afternoon

afterwards

again

against

age n

ago

agree

agreement

ahead

aim

air n

aircraft

airport

alcohol

alive

all adv, pron,

determiner,

predeterminer

allow

almost

alone

along

alphabet

already

also

although

always

among

amount n

amuse

amusement

amusing

an

ancient adj

and

anger n

angle n

angry

animal

announce

annoy

annoying

another

answer

anxiety

anxious

any

anyone

anything

anywhere

apart

apartment

appear

appearance

apple

approval

approve

area

argue

argument

arm n

army

around

arrange

arrangement

arrival

arrive

art

article

artificial

as

as opposed to

ashamed

ask

asleep

association

at

atom

attack

attempt

attend

attention

attitude

attract

attractive

authority

autumn

available

average adj, n

avoid

awake adj

away adv

awkward

baby

back adj, adv, n background backward(s) adv bad

bag n

bake v balance

ball n

band n

bank n

bar n

base n, v

basic

basket

bath n

battle n

be

beach n

beak

beam n

bean

bear

beat

beautiful

beauty

because

become

bed

beer

before

begin beginning behave behaviour behind adv, prep belief

believe

bell

belong

below

belt n

bend

beneath beside(s)

best

better adj, adv between beyond adj, adv bicycle n

big adj bill

bird

birth

bit

bite

bitter adj

black adj, n

blade

blame

blind adj

block

blood

blow

blue

board n

boat

body

boil

bomb

bone n

book n

boot n

border n

bored

boring

born

borrow

both

bottle n

bottom n

bowl n

box n

boy

brain n

branch n

brave adj

bread

break v

breakfast n

breast

breath

breathe

breed

brick

bridge n

bright

bring

broad adj

broadcast v

brother

brown adj, n

brush

build v

building

bullet

burn

burst v

bury

bus

bush

business

busy

but conj

butter n

button n

buy v

by prep

C

cake n calculate call v calm adj camera camp n, v can

cap capital n car

card

care

careful

careless

carriage

carry

case n

castle

cat

catch v

cattle

cause

ceiling

celebrate

cell

central

centre n

century

ceremony

certain adj,

determiner

chain n

chair n

chance n

change

character

charge chase v cheap cheat v check cheek n cheerful cheese chemical chemistry cheque chest chicken chief

child children chin chocolate choice n choose church n cigarette cinema circle n circular adj citizen

city

claim v class n clay

clean adj, v clear adj, v clever

cliff

climb v clock n close adj, adv, v

cloth

clothes

clothing

cloud n

club n

coal

coast n

coat n

coffee

coin n

cold adj, n

collar n

collect v

college

colour

comb

combination

combine v

come

comfort

comfortable

command

committee

common adj

communicate

communication

company

compare v

comparison

compete

competition

competitor

complain

complaint

complete

completely

complicated

compound n

computer

concern v

concerning

concert

condition n

confidence

confident

confuse

confusing

connect

connection

conscious

consider

consist

contain

container

continue

continuous

contract n

control

conversation

cook n, v

copy

corn

corner n

correct adj, v

cost

cotton

cough

could

council n

count v

country n

countryside

courage

course n

court n

cover

cow n

crack n, v

crash n, v

crazy

cream n

creature

crime

criminal

criticism

criticize

crop n

cross n, v

crowd

cruel

crush v

cry

cup n

cupboard

cure

curl

current n

curtain n

curve

custom n

customer

cut

cycle v

D

daily adj, adv damage dance danger dangerous dark date n

daughter

day

dead adj

deal n

deal with

death

debt

decay

deceive

decide

decision

decorate

decoration

decrease

deep adj

defeat

defence

defend definite definitely degree delay deliberate adj deliberately delicate deliver demand department depend dependent depth describe description desert n deserve design desirable desire

desk

destroy

destruction

detail n

determination

determined

develop

dictionary

die v

difference

different

difficult

difficulty

dig v

dinner

direct

direction

dirt

dirty adj

disappoint

disappointing

discover

discovery

discuss

discussion

disease n

dish n

dismiss

distance

distant

divide

do v

doctor n

document n

dog n

dollar

door

double adj, v,

predeterminer

doubt

down adv, prep

draw v

drawer

dream

dress n, v

drink

drive n, v

drop

drug n

drum n

drunk pastpart, adj

dry

duck n

dull adj

during

dust n

duty

E

each eager ear early earn earth n east eastern easy adj eat economic edge n educate educated education effect n effective effort egg eight either elbow elect v

election

electric

electricity

electronic

else

embarrass

embarrassing

emotion

emphasize

employ v

employer

employment

empty adj, v

enclose

encourage

end

enemy

energy

engine

engineer n

enjoy

enjoyable

enjoyment

enough

enter

entertain

entertainment

entrance n

envelope

environment

equal adj, n

equipment

escape

especially

establish

even adj, adv

evening

event

ever

every

everyone

everything

everywhere

evil

exact adj

exactly

examination

examine

example

excellent

except conj, prep

exchange

excite

exciting

excuse

exercise

exist

existence

expect

expensive

experience

explain

explanation

explode

explosion

explosive express v expression

extreme adj

extremely

eye

F

face

fact factory

fail v failure

fair adj fairly

faith faithful adj fall

false familiar family famous

far

farm farmer fashion n fashionable fast adj, adv fasten

fat

father n fault n favourable favourite adj fear n feather n feature n feed v

feel v

feeling(s)

female

fence n

fever

few

field n

fifth

fight

figure n

fill v

film

final adj

finally

financial

find v

find out

fine adj

finger n

finish v

fire

firm adj

first adj, determiner

fish

fit adj, v

five

fix v

flag n

flame n

flash n, v

flat adj

flesh

flight

float v

flood

floor n

flour n

flow

flower n

fly n, v

fold

follow

fond

food

foot n

football

for prep

force

foreign

foreigner

forest n

forget

forgive

fork n

form

formal

former

fortunate

forward(s) adv

four(th)

frame n

free

freedom

freeze v

frequent adj

fresh

friend

friendly

frighten

frightening

from

front adj, n

fruit n

full adj

fun

funeral

funny

fur n

furniture

further adj, adv

future

G

gain v game n garage n garden gas n gate gather v general adj generally generous gentle

gentleman

get

gift

girl

give v

glad

glass adj, n

glue

go v

goat

god

gold

good

goodbye

goods

govern

government

graceful

gradual

grain

gram

grammar

grand adj

grandfather

grandmother

grandparent

grass n

grateful

grave n

great adj green greet greeting grey adj, n ground n

group n

grow

growth

guard v

guess v

guest n

guide

guilty

gun n

H

habit hair

half

hall hammer n hand n handle hang v happen v happy hard hardly harm harmful hat

hate v hatred have

he head n

health

healthy

hear

heart

heat

heaven

heavy adj

heel n

height

hello

help

helpful

her(s)

here

herself

hide v

high adj, adv

hill

him

himself

his

historical

history

hit

hold v

hole

holiday n

hollow adj

holy

home adv, n

honest

honour n

hook n

hope

hopeful

horn

horse n

hospital

hot adj

hotel

hour

house n

how adv

human

humorous

humour

hundred(th)

hungry

hunt v

hurry

hurt v

husband n

I

ice n

idea

if

ignore

ill adj illegal illness image imaginary imagination imagine immediately importance important impressive improve improvement

in adv, prep

include

including

income

increase

independent

indoor(s)

industrial

industry

infect

infection

infectious

influence v

inform

information

injure

injury

ink n

inner

insect

inside

instead

institution

instruction

instrument

insult v

insulting

insurance

insure

intelligence

intelligent

intend

intention

interest

interesting

international adj

interrupt

into

introduce

introduction

invent

invitation

invite v

involve

inwards

iron adj, n

island

it pron its itself

J

jaw jewel jewellery job join

joint

joke

journey n

judge

judgement

juice

jump

just adv

justice

K

keen keep v key n kick kill v kilo kilogram

kilometre

kind

king

kiss

kitchen

knee n

kneel

knife n

knock v

knot

know v

knowledge

L

lack

lady

lake

lamb

lamp

land

language

large

last adv, determiner late

lately

laugh

laughter

law

lawyer

lay v

layer n

lazy

lead v

leaf n

lean v learn

least

leather

leave v

left

leg n

legal

lend

length adv, pron,

determiner

less

lesson

let v

let go of

letter

level adv, adj, n

library

lid

lie

lie down

life

lift

light

like prep, v

likely

limit

line n

lion

lip

liquid

list n

listen v

literature

litre

little

live v

load

local adj

lock

lonely

long adj, adv

look n, v

look after

look for

look sth up

loose adj

lord n

lose

loss

lot

loud

love

low adj

lower

loyal

loyalty

luck n

lucky

lung

M

machine n machinery magazine magic mail main adj make v make into make up v male man n manage manager manner many map n march v mark market n marriage married marry mass n match material n mathematics

matter

may v

me

meal

mean v

meaning n

means

measure

measurement

meat

medical adj

medicine

meet v

meeting

melt

member

memory

mental

mention v

message

metal n

method

metre

middle

might v

mile

miliary adj

milk n

million(th)

mind

mine n, pron

mineral

minister n

minute n

mirror n

miss v

mist n

mistake n

mix v

mixture

model n

modern adj

moment

money

monkey n

month

moon n

moral adj

more

morning

most

mother n

motor adj, n

mountain

mouse

mouth n

move v

movement

much

mud

multiply

murder

muscle n

music

musician

must v

my

mysterious

mystery

N

nail

name

narrow adj

nasty

nation

national adj natural adj nature

navy

near adj, adv, prep nearly

neat

necessary

neck need

needle n

negative adj

neither

nerve n

nervous

net n

network n

never

new

news

newspaper

next adj, adv

nice

night

nine

ninth

no adv, determiner

noise n

none pron

nonsense

no one

nor

normal

north

northern

nose n

not

note n

nothing

notice

noticeable

noun

now

nowhere

number n

nurse

nut

O

obey object n obtain occasion n ocean

o'clock of

off adv, prep offence offend offensive adj offer

office officer official often

oil n

old

old-fashioned

on adv, prep

once adv

one

onion

only

only just

onto

open adj, v

operate

operation

opinion

opponent

opportunity

oppose

as opposed to

opposite

opposition

or

orange

order

ordinary

organ

organize

organization

origin

original

other

ought

our(s)

out adj, adv

outdoor(s)

outer

outside

over adv, prep

owe

own

owner

oxygen

P

pack v package page n

pain n painful

paint painting

pair n

pale adj

pan n paper n parallel adj, n parent

park parliament part n participle particular adj partly partner n party n pass v passage passenger past

path patient adj pattern n pause

pay

payment

peace

peaceful

pen n

pence

pencil n

people n

pepper n

per cent

perfect adj

perform

performance

perhaps

period n

permanent

permission

person

personal

persuade

pet n

petrol

photograph

phrase n

physical adj

piano n

pick v

pick up

picture n

piece n

pig n

pile n

pilot n

pin

pink adj, n

pipe n

pity

place

plain adj, n

plan

plane n

plant

plastic

plate n

play

pleasant

please

pleased

pleasure n

plenty pron

plural

pocket n

poem

poet

poetry

point

pointed

poison

poisonous

pole n

police n

polish v

polite

political

politician

politics

pool n

poor

popular

population

port n

position n

positive

possess

possession

possible adj

possibly

possibility

post

pot n

potato

pound n

pour

powder n power n powerful practical practice practise praise

pray

prayer prefer preparation prepare present adj, n preserve v president press v pressure n pretend

pretty adj

prevent

previous

price n

priest

prince

principle

print

prison

prisoner

private adj

prize n

probably adj

problem

process n

produce v

product

production

profession

profit n

programme

progress n

promise

pronounce

pronunciation

proof n

proper

property

proposal

protect

protection

protective

protest

proud

prove

provide

public

pull

pump

punish

punishment

pupil

pure

purple

purpose n

push

put

Q

quality quantity quarrel quarter n

queen n

question

quick adj

quiet adj, n

quite

R

rabbit n race radio n railway rain raise v range n rank n rapid adj rare

rat n rate n rather raw reach v react reaction read v ready adj real realize

really

reason

reasonable

receive

recent

recently

recognize

record n, v

red

reduce

reduction

refusal

refuse v

regard v

regular adj

related

relative

relation

relationship

relax

relaxing

religion

religious

remain

remark n

remember

remind

remove v

rent

repair

repeat v

replace

reply

report

represent

representative n

request n

respect

responsible

rest

restaurant

restrict

result

return n, v

reward

rice

rich

rid

ride

right adj, adv, n

ring n

rise

risk

river

road

rob

rock n

roll v

romantic adj

roof n room n root n rope n rose rough adj

round adj, adv, prep

row

royal adj

rub v

rubber

rude

ruin v

rule

ruler

run

rush v

S

sad

safe adj safety

sail

sale

salt n

same

sand n satisfaction satisfactory satisfy

save v

say v

scale n scatter v scene school n science scientific scientist scissors screen n screw

sea

search season n seat

second adv, n, determiner secret secretary

see v

seed n

seem

sell v

send

sense n sensible

sensitive

sentence n

separate adv, v

series

serious

servant

serve

service n

set n, v

settle v

seven(th)

several

severe

sex n

sexual

shade

shadow n

shake

shall

shame n

shape

share

sharp adj

she

sheep

sheet

shelf

shell n

shelter

shine v

shiny

ship n

shirt

shock n, v

shocking

shoe n

shoot v

shop

shore n

short adj

shot n

should

shoulder n

shout

show n, v

shut

shy

sick adj

side n

sideways

sight n

sign

signal

silence n

silent

silk

silly

silver

similar

simple

since

sincere n

sing

single adj

singular

sink v

sister

sit

situation

six(th)

size n

skilful

skill

skin n

skirt n

sky n

sleep

slide v

slight adj

slippery

slope

slow

small

smell

smile

smoke

smooth adj

snake n

snow

so

soap n

social adj

society

sock n

soft

soil n

soldier n

solid

solution

solve

some pron,

determiner

somehow

someone

something

sometimes

somewhere

son

song

soon

sore adj sorry

sort n

soul

sound n, v soup

sour adj south southern space n speak special adj specific speech speed n spell v spend

spin v

spirit n

in spite of split v

spoil v spoon n sport n

spot n spread v spring square adj, n stage n

stair

stamp

stand v

standard

star n

start

state

statement

station n

stay

steady adj

steal v

steam n

steel n

steep adj

stem n

step

stick

sticky

stiff adj

still adj, adv

sting

stitch

stomach n

stone n

stop

store

storm n

story

straight adj, adv

strange

stream n

street

strength

stretch v

strict

strike v

string n

strong

structure n

struggle

student

study

stupid

style n

subject n

substance

succeed

success

successful

such

suck v

sudden

suffer

sugar n

suggest

suit

suitable

sum n

summer

sun n

supply n, v

support n, v

suppose

sure adj

surface n

surprise

surprising

surround v

swallow v

swear

sweep v

sweet

swell v

swim

swing

sword

sympathetic

sympathy

system

T

table n tail n take v talk

tall

taste

tax

taxi n tea teach team n tear technical telephone television

tell

temper n

temperature

temporary

ten

tend

tendency

tennis

tense n

tent

terrible

test

than

thank

that conj, pron,

determiner

the

theatre

their(s)

them

then adv

there

therefore

these

they

thick adj

thief

thin adj

thing

think v

third

this pron, determiner

thorough

those

though

thought

thousand(th)

thread n

threat

threaten

threatening

three

throat

through adv, prep throw

thumb n

ticket n

tidy adj, v

tie

tight adj

time n

tired

tiring

title

to

tobacco

today

toe n together

toilet

tomorrow

tongue

tonight

too

tool n

tooth

top adj, n

total adj, n

touch

tourist

towards

tower n

town

toy n

track n

trade n

traditional

traffic n

train

training

translate

transparent

trap

travel

treat v

treatment

tree

tribe

trick n, v

trip n

tropical

trouble

trousers

true adj

trust

truth

try v

tube

tune n

turn

twice

twist

two

type n

typical

tyre

U

ugly under prep understand underwear undo unexpected uniform n union

unit

unite

universe

university

unless

until

unusual

up adj, adv, prep

upper

upright adj, adv

upset v, adj

upside down

upstairs adj, adv

urgent

us

use

useful

useless

usual

V

valley valuable adj value n variety various vegetable

vehicle

verb

very adv

victory

view n

village

violence

violent

visit

voice n

vote

vowel

W

wages waist

wait v wake v walk

wall n

war n warm adj, v warmth

warn

warning

wash

waste

watch

water

wave

way

we

weak

wealth

weapon

wear v

weather n

weave v

wedding

week

weekly adj, adv

weigh

weight n

welcome

well adj, adv, n

west

western adj

wet adj

what predeterminer, determiner, pron whatever

wheat

wheel n

when adv, conj whenever

where

whether

which

while conj

whip

whistle white

who

whole

whose

why adv, conj

wide adj, adv

width

wife

wild adj, adv

will

willing

win v

wind

window

wine n

wing n

winter

wire n

wise adj

wish

with

within

without

woman

wood

wooden

wool

word n

work

world

worry

worse

worst

worth

would

wound

wrap v

wrist

write

wrong adj, adv, n

Y

year yellow yes yet

you

young adj

your(s)

Z zero

史上最全2000个写材料常用词语集锦 (1)

史上最全2000个写材料常用词语集锦 按用途分类 4个字素材 关于学习 静心沉潜，目标专一，洗礼心灵，涤荡灵魂，内正其心，外正其行，学以修身，学以增智，学以提能，学以致用，入脑如心，意解情通，嵌入灵魂，学思践悟，融入血液，铸入灵魂，日积月累，勤学不倦，学在深处，谋在新处，干在实处，引向深入，推向持久，见到实效 关于成果 稳步提升稳中有进稳步提高全面加强全面提升全面深化全面进步全面推进持续 改善持续壮大持续向好持续发展扎实推进成效显著成效明显不断深入不断优化不断增强不断改善不断巩固不断涌现不断扩大明显提升明显增强明显加强明显好转显著增强更加完善更加凸显更加巩固更加彰显更加坚定得到增强得到提高 取得突破加速形成初步形成基本形成初具规模日益规范日益健全扎实推进纵深推进进展顺利深刻转型成果丰硕逐步完善健全完善更趋协调空前释放极大提振 步伐加快均衡普惠殷实安康卓有成效多点开花亮点纷呈硕果累累切实加强富有成效普遍提高活力增强丰富多彩频繁活跃健康发展形成品牌优化提升有序推进蔚然成形大幅提升同频共振合拍共鸣力度空前举世瞩目作用明显空前高涨竞相迸发

1、更加完善更加凸显更加巩固更加彰显更加坚定更加强劲更加响亮更加广泛更加坚强更加鲜明。 2、不断深入不断优化不断增强不断改善不断巩固不断涌现不断扩大不断发展不断提升不断健全。 3、全面加强全面提升全面深化全面进步全面推进全面展开。 4、持续改善持续壮大持续向好持续发展持续完善持续繁荣。 5、明显提升明显增强明显加强明显好转。 6、稳步提升稳中有进稳步提高。 7、得到增强得到提高得到改善。 8、基本建立基本实现基本形成。 9、更趋完备更趋协调逐步完善逐步扭转日益规范日益健全初步形成初步构建加速形成加快完备成效显著成效明显成果丰硕深入推进深入人心大幅提升大力实施相继问世相互促进多点开花亮点纷呈点上出彩线上结果面上开花扎实推进显著增强取得突破初具规模扎实推进纵深推进进展顺利深刻转型健全完善空前释放极大提振步伐加快均衡普惠殷实安康卓有成效硕果累累切实加强富有成效普遍提高活力增强丰富多彩频繁活跃健康发展形成品牌优化提升有序推进蔚然成形同频共振合拍共鸣同步实施力度空前举世瞩目作用明显空前高涨 竞相迸发,名列前茅蓬勃发展创新推进有效实施广泛弘扬普遍增加胜利完成顺利实施焕然一新为之一振巩固发展落地实施 关于领导

朗文2000基础词汇表-

A ability able about above abroad absence absent accept acceptable accident accidental according (to) account achieve achievemen t acid across act action active activity actor actress actual actually add addition additional address adjective admiration admire admit adult advanced advantage adventure adverb advertise advertisem ent advice advise affair affect afford afraid after afternoon afterwards again against age ago agree agreement ahead aim air aircraft airport alcohol alive all allow almost alone along alphabet already also although always among amount amuse amusement amusing an ancient and anger angle angry animal announce annoy annoying another answer anxiety anxious any anyone anything anywhere apart apartment appear appearance apple approval approve area argue argument arm army around

朗文2200词汇(朗文字典基础词汇)

a ability about above abroad absence absent accept acceptable accident accordance according according to account ache acid across act action active activity actor actress actual add addition address adjective admiration admire admit admittance adult advance advantage adventure adverb advertise advertisement advice advise affair afford Longman 2200 afraid after afternoon afterwards again against age ago agree agreement ahead aim air aircraft airforce airport alcohol alike alive all allow almost alone along aloud alphabet already also although altogether always among amount amuse amusement amusing an ancient and anger angle angry animal ankle annoy annoyance another answer ant anxiety anxious any anyhow anyone anything anywhere apart apparatus appear appearance apple appoint approval approve arch area argue argument arm armor arms army around arrange arrangement arrival arrive art article artificial as ash ashamed aside ask asleep

雅思核心词汇和短语2000(政法)

雅思核心词汇和短语2000 讲义中前面近200个单词和短语是7分以上学员必须要掌握的，非常高效和实用，同学们一定要记住它们，后面还编写了听说高频600多单词共计800多个单词，还有近900个各类短语.这样近2000笔财富会让同学们绝对不会输在词汇这个层面，你的高分会有保证。每个单词，大家一定要造句子，编写出自己的语境来，这样单词会有根基的，还要活学活用，彻底私有化，变成自己的东西，这样所学单词会真正达到“化”的地步，大家想这样一件事情，如果有人问你“mobile 这个单词，你会很快反应，但是如果换成sophisticated ,contaminate, deteriorate,这些单词就不行了，我个人认为就是不熟悉，经常使用熟悉了就好了，我想大家没有问题的。 Challenge yourself! Become successful! 挑战自己，追求卓越 You can fly higher than ever! , I do believe！我深信，你会飞得更高 1.low carbon 低碳 2.environmental—friendly 环保的 3.eco-system生态系统 4.environmental protection 环境保护 5.sustainable development 可持续发展 6.deplete natural resources 耗尽自然资源 7.leave a carbon footprint 留下一个碳化足迹 8.discharge /release pollutants into the environment 排放污染物 9.green house effect 温室效应 10.global warming 全球变暖 11.toxic 有毒的 12.contaminate 污染 13.degrade 恶化，降级 14.deteriorate 变坏，变糟 15.deficiency 缺乏，不足 16.flight climate change抵制气候变化 17.improve air quality 改善空气质量 18.conserve energy 节约能源

翻译

任何语言都是由词汇构成的, 词汇是最小的语言单位。在英汉翻译活动中, 词汇也起了不可估量的作用。成功的译作必须以正确的选词为基础。由于英汉两种语言的文化背景、所属语系、构词方法和表达方式的差异以及一词多义现象的存在, 导致了两种语言在表达同一思想时选词的差异。因此, 为了确切地表达原文, 必须在目标语中选择适当的词。选词必须遵循一定的标准要求, 鉴于此, 本文拟对有关的标准要求作进一步的探讨。 关于选词的标准, 历来各家各派众说纷纭, 但准确( f idelity )、简洁( conciseness )、生动(gracefu lness) 三点则是公认的。当然某词语用得是否符合标准要求, 不可孤立地从词语本身的含义上着眼, 还要看其具体使用场合以及同其它词语的搭配等。 准确就是要根据使用场合选用确切的词语来如实地反映客观实际。单个的词语一般都能如实地反映客观实际, 除非这个词反映了那些客观上不存在的事物, 如“神仙”“妖怪”“永动机”等。在翻译过程中, 一些译者往往受母语的影响, 选择了不能如实反映客观实际的词语, 此时, 就要加以必要的修改, 选择最准确的表达方式。 在我国, 自古以来就有无数文人墨客恪守此训, 唐代大诗人杜甫“为人性僻耽佳句, 语不惊人死不休”和贾岛因“推敲”二字的斟酌而被传为佳话。翻译家们也务求词语选择的精练和准确, 朱生豪“每译一段, 必先自拟为读者, 察阅译文中有无暧昧不明之处。又必自拟为舞台上之演员, 审辨语调之否顺口, 音节之否调和。一字一句之未惬, 往往苦思累日。”傅雷则说:“《老实人》的译文前后改过八道。”[ 1 ] 例1: 贾母一语未了, 只听得后院中有人笑声说??

朗文词典2000基础词汇border

朗文词典2000基础词汇 A ability about above abroad absence absent accept acceptable accident accordance according account ache acid across act action active activity actor actress actual add addition address adjective admiration admire admit admittance adult advance advantage adventure adverb advertise advertisement advice advise affair afford afraid after afternoon afterwards again against age ago agree agreement ahead aim air aircraft airforce airport alcohol alike alive all allow almost alone along aloud alphabet already also although altogether always among amount amuse amusement amusing an ancient and anger angle angry animal ankle annoy annoyance another answer ant anxiety anxious any anyhow anyone anything anywhere apart apparatus appear appearance apple appoint approval approve arch area argue argument arm armor arms army around arrange arrangement arrival arrive art article artificial as ash ashamed aside ask asleep association at atom attack attempt attend attendance attention attract attractive aunt autumn average avoid awake away awkward B baby back background backward backwards bacteria bad bag bake balance ball banana band bank bar bare

雅思核心词汇2000

面对浩如烟海的雅思词汇是不是顿感脑袋大？不要着急同学，谐音记单词效果最快，如果你就知道pest害虫（拍死它），那你out了！全谐音单词记忆app千词千寻帮助你，加屹智行刘老师微信详细指导：一五二一零八零九五五二 A abstain 戒，避开 acknowledge 承认 acquire 取得，学到 acrylic 丙烯酸的 adapt 使适应 addict 使沉溺 adept 熟练的，内行的 adopt 采用；收养 aboriginal 土著的; 土著居民 abound 丰富 abrupt 突然的，陡峭的 abstract 抽象的，难解的 abuse 滥用，辱骂 accommodation 招待设备 accordingly 照着办；响应地 accounting 会计学 acid 酸的 aeronautic 航空的 aerosol 烟，雾；烟雾剂 affect 影响；感动 affiliate 接纳...为会员（或分支） agency 力量；代理 agitate 鼓动；搅动；焦虑 alchemy 炼金术 alkali 碱 allergy 变（态反）应性；反感 allocate 分配，把。划归 allot 分配；拨给 almond 杏仁 alpine 高山的 alternate 交替的；轮流的 alternative 两者挑一的；选择的 aluminium 铝 amateur 业余活动者 ambiguous 模棱两可的 amenity 舒服，愉快 ammonia 氨 amorphous 无定形的；难以名状的analysis 分析；解析anatomy 解剖；分解anecdote 轶事 annoy 使烦恼; 打扰 annual 每年的, 年度的anthropology 人类学anticlockwise 逆时针方向的anxious 忧虑的, 担心的 ape 类人猿; 模仿者 aphid 蚜虫 apparel 衣服;外表 appeal 呼吁; 求助于 appear 出现, 来到 appetite 食欲, 胃口applicant 申请人appropriate 适当的approximate 近似的,大约的arable 可耕的 arboreal 树木的; 树状的arduous 艰巨的; 努力的ascertain 查明, 确定 aspect 样子; (问题等的)方面aspiration 志气; 渴望assemble 集合; 装备 assert 断言;维护 assess 对…进行评估assignment 分配；指定assist 援助；搀扶association 联合；联盟；联想assume 假定；承担 asterisk 星号 asthmatic 气喘的asymmetry 不对称（现象）attain 达到; 完成; 获得attract 吸引 audio-visual 听觉视觉的aural 气味的; 香味的authority 权力; 职权available 可用的; 通用的averse 反对的 aviation 航空; 航空学 B baffle 使挫折; 使困惑 balk 阻碍; 挫折

朗文词典2000基础词汇.doc

朗文词典2000基础词汇 a ability about above abroad absence absent accept acceptable accident accordance according account ache acid across act action active activity actor actress actual add addition address adjective admiration admire admit admittance adult advance advantage adventure adverb advertise advertisement advice advise affair afford afraid after afternoon afterwards again against age ago agree agreement ahead aim air aircraft airforce airport alcohol alike alive all allow almost alone along aloud alphabet already also although altogether always among amount amuse amusement amusing an ancient and anger angle angry animal ankle annoy annoyance another answer ant anxiety anxious any anyhow anyone anything anywhere apart apparatus appear appearance apple appoint approval approve arch area argue argument arm armor arms army around arrange arrangement arrival arrive art article artificial as ash ashamed aside ask asleep association at atom attack attempt attend attendance attention attract attractive aunt autumn average avoid awake away awkward b baby back background backward backwards bacteria bad bag bake balance ball banana band bank bar bare barrel base basket

学英语必须掌握14700个单词

想象一下，我们说汉语这么多年，才会多少个汉字？我打开汉语字典，以上都不认识？但是，这不耽误我交流？所以，英美国家用于交流地词汇也太多？另外，英语中除了人名和地名外，以上地词汇是外来语，这些外来语来自于拉丁语系地词汇，也有来自于德语，背过词汇地人感觉自己很厉害了，地出题范围是美国人认可地主流单词（以韦氏字典为准）总数，若去除词性转变和不可能考地单词地话，还有习语、俚语、行话、等大约有万个，可是英语到底有多少单词？说出来吓你一大跳？万千百个，这是一个叫做组织发布地.但这些单词里地单词是永远也用不到地，就算你把地单词都背地滚瓜烂熟，也没有什么用，因为那些单词也就是考试中能用到，在日常生活中是用不到，所以，当你长时间不用那些单词地话，随着年龄地增长也就慢慢遗忘了. 中国单词量最大地学者，应该是新东方集团地董事长俞敏洪老师，词汇书就是他编写地，我听过他地访谈节目，他词汇量最大地时候，达万多，一本朗文字典和一本牛津字典全部背完，但是，他声称由于许多单词在日常生活中都用不到，慢慢地就剩一两万了，这个例子就说明，花了年地时间，花大量努力所背地单词，除了日常地单词以外，其他不经常用地将全部忘掉，我们背，托福，雅思这么难地单词就是为了考试，而不是为了和外国人交流.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 如果你用那些词汇跟外国人交流地话，老外可能都听不懂，英美人士也就用千个词汇来交流，他们不会花时间背那么多地单词来考试，大家想一下，谁花过时间来背汉语地新华字典，为了在语文考试中取得高分呢？所以，我地观点是，除非你背大量地单词就是为了参加出国留学地考试，要不然一点用都没有，否则，如果你能灵活地掌握个词汇都够用于和外国人流利地日常交流啦！其实，英语中最核心地词汇就万多个，如果你能掌握这一万多个词汇，你地英语水平走到哪里都够用了！文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 由亿多词地世界上最大地英语语料库产生地，个常用词为英语地核心词汇，参照著名地英语教学语料库（），选定这，个单词为英语中最核心重要地词汇，这些单词主要收录于世界上最权威地英语字典，在词典中出现频率最高地单词地后面会由五个菱形地符号来表示，菱形越少，表示单词使用地频率越低，，总共有个五个菱形地词汇，个四个菱形地词汇，个三个菱形地词汇，个二个菱形地词汇，个一个菱形地词汇，单词后面没有菱形地词汇，就是一些地名，学名，专业术语或根本不重要，没有必要掌握地词汇，所以根据这本字典便可以知道哪些词汇必须掌握，哪些不用掌握，五个菱形地词汇就是必须灵活掌握地，他们在英语中地使用频率达到，一个菱形地词汇就是可会可不会地词汇.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 所以，我地理论焦点就是，只要掌握这个单词，英语能力就可以说一辈子都够用了，走到世界任何地方都可以得到施展了，但是掌握这些单词并不是一件容易事，可能一提到单词，大家就联想背，因为传统教育地唯一方法就是背，即使我把这个核心词汇全列举出来，够你背几年地,等你背完最后一个单词地时候，前面背地都忘记了，因为英语能力地提高绝对不是靠背地.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 我们违背大脑记忆地规律，一味地背下去，只会使大脑越来越疲惫，对英语地怠慢性越来越严重，所以，很多英语学习者在尝试很多方法后，如果还没成功地话，将会彻底放弃对英语地继续学习，因为我们学习地机制就是离不开死记硬背，如果你能从今天就不再死记硬背地话，你就成功一半了，英语不是攻读地对象,而是熟悉地对象,在我学习<<千万别学英语>>地时候,我才真正了解这个理论,作者说,英语是,也就是说英语不是靠硬学硬背地,而是靠不断地熟悉和接触，从而触类旁通或潜移默化掌握地，绝对不是背地，我认为《千万别学英语》是我学过最好地学习法，但连第一阶段都没通过，所以，我不能评论这个方法，但是，我在《千万别学英语》地理论基础上进行创新，并且融合了位英语界权威人士地理论，才创造出我自己地理论，我这本书很大层次上可以说是《千万别学英语》地升级版本，不管怎么样，

六级2000精选高频词汇卡.pdf

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