定语从句讲义

定语从句

定语从句也称为形容词性从句，它在句子中修饰名词或代词，起形容词的作用。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。定语从句由关系代词，关系副词来引导。关系代词，关系副词有三个作用：①起到连接主从句的作用②代替先行词③在定语从句中作成分。

定语从句分为两类：限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句。

①限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句是主句中的先行词不可缺少的定语，关系十分密切，不可用逗号与主句分开，译成汉语时通常把从句译在先行词之前。定语从句中谓语动词的人称和数应与先行词一致。

This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life.这就是挽救了这个男孩生命的医生。

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）

The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）

②非限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句只对主句中先行词作附加说明，关系不密切，如果省去从句，主句所表达的概念依然明确、完整。非限制性定语从句要用逗号与主句分开，不能用that连接。

Lei Feng, who served the people heart and soul, set a good example to all of us.

考点一引导限制性定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which,（见下表），

还有关系副词when, where, why.

This is a book which tells about space rocket technology.

I live in the house whose windows face south.

Tom is not the boy that he used to be.

注意：指物时，“whose+名词”结构常可以用“the+名词+of which”或“of which +the +名词”结构来替换，并且意思相同。

I live in the house whose windows face south.

= I live in the house the windows of which face south.

= I live in the house of which the windows face south.

②关系副词where, when, why可以用来引导定语从句，并且在定语从句中作状语。这些副词可以替换成“介词+关系代词”。例如：

The office where he works is on the second floor.

The office in which he works is on the second floor.他的办公室就在三楼。

The days when the Chinese people were oppressed are gone forever. 中国人民受压迫的日子一去不复返The days in which the Chinese people were oppressed are gone forever了。

I don’t know the reason why he didn’t come to sch ool yesterday.

I don’t know the reason for which he didn’t come to school yesterday.我不知道他昨天不来上学的原因。

用适当的关系词填空：

1. I still remember the night _______I first came to the house.

2. I’ll never forget the day________ we met each other last week.

3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there.

4. I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family.

5. I’ll never forget the last day______ we spent together.

6. This is the school ______I used to study.

7. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week?

8. Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition?

9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_____is famous for the West Lake?

10. Have you ever been to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake?

11. Tom will go to Shanghai,______live his two brothers.

12. I live in Beijing,____is the capital of China.

13. There was a time ______there were slaves in the USA.

考点二只用that不用which的情况

1）被修饰的先行词既是人又是物。例如：

They talked about the factories and workers that they had visited.他们谈论着他们参观过的工厂和访问过的人。2）被修饰的先行词是any, few, none, all, much, little, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时。例如：

I am interested in all that you have told me.我对你告诉我的一切都感兴趣。

There isn’t much that I can do.

He is one of the few that can work it out in five minutes.

3)先行词前面有形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。例如：

This is the best book that I have ever read.这是我读过的最好的一本书。

This book is the best that I have read.

4）先行词前有the only, the very, the last 及序数词修饰时。例如：

The only thing that we can do is to ask our teachers’ help.我们唯一能做的事是请老师帮助我们。

Is this the very museum that you visited the other day?

The first English film that I saw was “Oliver Twist”.我看的第一部英文电影是“雾都孤儿”。

When foreigners talk about China, the first that comes to mind is the Great Wall.当外国人谈起中国时，首先想到的是长城。

5) 当先行词被the same修饰，且指“同一物品”时。如：

She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday.

6）关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如：

This is no longer the place that it used to be.

He is not the man that he was.

7）当主句是以who, which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who时。如：

Which is the book that he bought yesterday?

Who that you have ever seen can beat him in the game?

考点三定语从句的关系代词指人时不宜用that而宜用who的情况。

1）先行词为one, ones或anyone时。

例如：Anyone who wants to go to college must study hard.谁要想上大学，必须努力学习。

2）先行词为those时。

例如：Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth.

考点四用as作关系代词的定语从句

1．as作关系代词既可以指人也可以指物，引导限制性定语从句。常用于下列结构中：

such...as（像……之类的），the same...as（和……同样的），so… as…. , as… as…,句型。例如：

This is not such a computer as I need.这不是我所需要的计算机。

I live in the same city as she (lives in).我和她住在同一个城市里。

He can lift so heavy a stone as no one else can.(他能搬动别人搬不动的那块石头)

You can take as many books as you need.(你需要多少书就拿多少书)

2．as引导非限制性定语从句。单个关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句，常用来说明整个主句，作“正如”、“像……那样”解释。例如：

As anyone can see, the educated youth are very happy.任何人都可以看出来，知识青年们很快乐。

As was usual with her, she went out for a walk after she got up.她像通常一样，起床后出去散步了。

as/which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：

①位置不同____________________________________________________________________________

②指代不同_____________________________________________________________________________

③语意不同_____________________________________________________________________________

She was quite right, as Harry soon discovered.

As is known to us all, China is a developing country.

He bought his sister a big toy, which delighted her greatly.

He bought a new car,which cost him a lot of money.

考点五介词与关系代词

1．与关系代词搭配的介词的确定

______________________________________________________________________________________

1.I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money .

2.I will never forget the day on which I joined the army.

3.The colorless gas without which we can not live is called oxygen.

注意：英语中有时为了强调某一名词，不定式前也可加上关系词。

Here is the money with which to buy a piano.(=Here is the money with which we can buy a piano)

She is the right person on whom to depend.(=She is the right person whom we can depend on.)

练习：1.Frank’s dream was to have his own shop____________ to produce the workings of his own hands.

A. that

B. in which

C. by which

D. how

2.The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds______ his argument in favor of the new theory.

A. which to base on

B. on which to base

C. to base on which

D. which to be based on

2.关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词的位置

___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________

①The athlete to whom you talked is a famous lone-distance runner.

②The person whom you just talked to is Mr Li.

③Is this the watch which he is looking for?

④The old man whom the nurses are looking after is very well now.

⑤The city that she lives in is very fare away.

3.“名词/数词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有：

名词/one/two…/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/ a little/the+比较级/the+最高级…+ of + which/whom.

如：There are a lot of books here, none of which belongs to me.

Yesterday Mary bought a few clothes, all of which were expensive.

考点六定语从句的主谓一致

1.________________________________________________________________________________________ The recorder that has been given to me is working.

I,whom ________ your classmate, will share the work with you.

2.________________________________________________________________________________________ He is one of the students who____(have/has) made great progress.

Mr. Wang is the only one of my friends who ________(have/has) been invited to have dinner with us.

考点七定语从句的插入语现象

I suggest you choose someone who you think is kind and friendly.

You should give a ring to Tom first, who I’m afraid will not come.

练习：This is Mr White,_________I think has something interesting to tell you.

A.which

B. whom

C. that

D. who

Helen is much more kind to her youngest child than to the others,______, of course, makes the others unhappy.

A. who

B. which

C. she

D. that

考点八定语从句的倒装现象

________________________________________________________________________________________ 如：They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.

I saw a man, on the head of whom stood a bird.

We got to a farmhouse, where lived an old farmer and his son.

考点九分隔定语从句

_________________________________________________________________________________________ The days are gone when we suffered so much.

The boss of the company, whose name is Mr. Little, told the story.

考点十“地点模糊”的先行词，后跟where引导的定语从句

_________________________________________________________________________________________ He has reached the point where a change is needed.

Can you think of a situation where this word can be used?

练习After graduation she reached a point in his career______ she needed to decided what to do.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. where

考点十一定语从句的一种特殊考察方式

________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ The role that he ________ in the activity was pretty important.

A. took

B. played

C. made

D. acted

You can’t imagine the difficulty I had______ the way to the station.

A. to find

B. in finding

C. with finding

D. found

练习：In western society, the part_________ church plays in people’s life is very important.

A. where

B. that

C. when

D. how

The advantage human being have to ______ the sun is worth discussing.

A. do with

B. play with

C. take of

D. have on

---Can you still remember that old woman?

----Sure, we’ll never forget the good care she_______us.

A. made of

B. took of

C. gave to

D. offered to

语法专题(定语从句)

1The man pulled out a gold watch, __ were made of small diamonds.

A the hands of whom

B whom the hands of

C which the hands of

D the hands of which

2 Such a book __ you showed me is difficult to understand.

A that

B which

C the one

D as

3 I have never heard so strange a story __ he told us.

A that

B which

C /

D as

4 He was educated at the local high school, __ he went on to Beijing University.

A after which

B after that

C in which

D in that

5 He is late, __ is often the case . A it B what C as D which

6 There is no one in our class __ wants to help you. A but B when C where D why

7 He owns a little shop which sells a lot of goods __ are necessary to the people __ are living nearby.

A which, who

B that,/

C which,/

D that, who

8 --- Do you have anything in mind __ you’d like to have for dinner?

--- Well, anything is OK for me. A that B which C what D where

9 Who __ has common sense will believe such nonsense?

A that

B who

C which

D but

10 Occasions are quite rare __ I have the time to spend a day with my kids

A who

B which

C why

D when

11 You’ll have to wait for one more week, __ the manager will be back from his trip.

A before

B when

C as

D until

12 I shall never forget those years__ I lived in the country,__ has a great effect on my life.

A that, which

B when, which

C which, that

D when, who

13 I work in a business __ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.

A how

B which

C where

D that

14 --- I can’t find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?

--- It was in his office __ he worked. A where B which C that D the one

15 Now children like to go to the fast food restaurant, __ as the name says, eating doesn’t take much time. A which B that C what D where

16 The reason __ she gives for not coming to the party is that her mother won’t let her.

A what

B why

C as

D which

17 This is the reason __ he is leaving now. A as B which C why D what

18 Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes __ people were eaten by the tiger. A in which B by which C which D that

19 There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, __ five are mine.

A on which

B in which

C of which

D from which

20 The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds __ his argument in favor of the new theory.

A which to base on

B on which to base

C to base on which

D which to be based on

21 By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,__ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A of which B on which C from which D above which

23 This is the small house less than 15 square meters, under __ roof lives a large family of three generations.

A which

B that

C its

D whose

24 Anyway, that evening, __ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.

A when

B where

C what

D which

25 In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30p.m., __ many people have gone home.

A whose time

B on which

C that

D by which time

26 He is the only one of the students who __ a winner of scholarship for three years.

A is

B are

C have been

D has been

27 This is Mr. White, __ I think has something interesting to tell you.

A which

B whom

C that

D who

28 Yesterday I went to a town, __ stands a huge monument. A where B that C who D where

29 It is the third time __ I have come to China.

A when

B that

C in which

D which

30 --- Do you have anything to say for yourselves?

---Yes, there is one point __ we must insist on. A why B where C how D /

31 In western society, the part __ church plays in people’s life is very important.

A where

B that

C when

D how

32 The advantage human beings have to __ the sun is worth discussing.

A do with

B play with

C take of

D have on

33 --- Can you still remember that old woman?

--- Sure, we’ll never forget the good care she ___ us.

A made of

B took of

C gave to

D offered to

34 His sister has become a lawyer, __ she wanted to be. A who B that C what D which

35 I have many friends, __ some are teachers. A of them B from which C who of D of whom

36 Those houses are sold at such a low price __ people expected. A like B as C that D which

37 The result is not the same __ they had expected , __ was rather disappointing.

A which, as

B as, that

C that, which

D as, which

38 She took the police back to __ place __ she witnessed the robbery.

A same, as

B the same, where

C same, that

D the same, when

(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关

高中六大从句讲解及练习题总结

1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is said\reported \has been proved that... It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 *What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 *How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. *I did not know why I felt like crying. 练习： 1. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey. A. while B. that C. if D. for 2. ________ makes mistakes must correct them. A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever 3. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________. A. That…that you had expected B. What …that you had expected C. That…what you had expected D. What…what you had expected 4. It ________ Bob drives badly. A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that 5. ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. （vt） *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. （prep） *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. （adj） *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. (介词的固定搭配）

定语从句讲义(教师版)

模块简介 ☆主要应用：本模块主要考察引导词的应用,随着高考英语的改革,英语语法的考点也有所改变,现在主要应用在短文改错和语法填空中 ☆模块等级：本模块难度中等,学生的基础稍微弱一些也可以接受,基础弱的学生需要5-8课时（2h/课）不等,中等学生3课时（2h/课）可以基本掌握,基础好的学生1-2课时（2h/课）可以搞定 ☆知识分布：每节课需要先讲解10个高考重点词汇辨析,之后讲解语法知识,语法知识中的例句与练习题可以相应练习本堂课程中的重点词汇,从而达到复习的效果 ☆习题分布：习题包括08-14年高考题,辽宁省模拟题并且平均练习各个考点 ☆通关确保：本部分习题为课后作业,分为牛刀小试,略有所成,炉火纯青等不同难度的单项选择还包括语法填空与短文改错从而达到最高效的练习 ☆易混模块：本模块容易与名词性从句状语从句混淆,所以三大从句讲解完毕之后会配有知识点总结与 习题练习

定语从句 【知识清单】 【考点一】句子结构 简单句（只有一套主谓结构） （1）主.谓 I sleep. （2）主.谓.宾 I study English. （4）主.谓.间宾.直宾 He gave me anoffer. （3）主.谓.宾.宾补 He makes medelighted. （即双宾语结构） （人一般为间接宾语,物为直接宾语） （5）主.系.表 I am a teacher. 复合句（有两套或两套以上的主谓结构） The girl is beautiful. The girl has long hair. （1）并列句 ①表递进：and. not only...but also.... neither...nor... She not only dances well but also sings well. Neither do I know his address, nor do my parents. ②表选择：or. Either...or..... You can stay here ,or you can leave. Either you leave or I leave. ③表转折：but. Yet. Whereas(然而）. Some men are rich, whereas others are poor. He tried his best, but he failed. ④表因果：so. For. I must be off now, for my sister is waiting for me. I work hard, so I was able to pass the exam. （2）复合句 ①定语从句：The ∧ girl (who has long hair ）is beautiful. beautiful 划线部分作用相同,即定语从句起到形容词的作用 ②状语从句：(时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较) 一、定语从句的相关概念 合并为一句话

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定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有：when, where, why, how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：

高中定语从句讲义

英语的句子成分及基本结构 首先,我们来看一下英语当中词的词性(part of speech) ( n.) apple, flower, student, adult, advertisement……这些是_________词(pron.) I, you, we, myself, ourselves……这些是________词 ( v. ) work, run, read, abandon, beg……这些是__________词 ( adj. ) excited, important , central……这些是________词, 常用来修饰 _______________ ( adv. ) fast, hard, happily, out, away…这些是________词, 常用来修饰 _______________ (conj. ) and, but, or, as, when, if…. 这些是_________词, 常用来 _______________ (prep. ) in, on, at, by, above……这些是_______词, 可以构成短语, 在一个句中做下列成分: This is a book on gardening. (做定语) The book is under the table. (做表语) He has been here since Friday. (做状语) Make yourself at home. (做补语) 接下来，我们在了解一下构成一个句子的基本成分有哪些(members of sentences) George is a smart boy from Britain. He likes learning Chinese very much. History is his favorite subject, too. Talking with his Chinese friends online makes him happy. 在这几个句子里： George, He, History, Talking with his Chinese friends 是句子中的________. is是句子中的________. like, make是句子中的________. a smart boy, his favorite subject是句子中的________. learning Chinese, him是句子中的________. smart, from Britain, favorite是句子中的________. very much是句子中的________. happy是句子中的________.

定语从句讲义与练习.doc

定语从句专项练习题 1.Don't talk about such things of you arc not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2.Is this the factory you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 3.Is this factory some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4.Is this the factory he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 5.The wolves hid themselves in the places couldn't be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 6.The freezing point is the temperature water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what 7.This book will show you can be used in other contexts.. A. how you have observed B. what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 8.The reason is he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 9.Til tell you he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which 10.That tree,branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which 11.1have bought the same dress she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 12.He failed in the examination,made his father very angry. A. which Be it C. that D. what 13.Wc'rc talking about the piano and the pianist were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 14.The girl an English song in the next room is Tom's sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing 15.Those not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn 16.Anyone this opinion may speak out A. that againsts B. that against C. who is against D. who are against 17.Didn't you see the man? A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now 18.Can you lend me the novel the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you

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高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1 ?定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2 ?先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3 ?关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系 畐y词有when, where, why 等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中 担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shak ing hands with my father is a policema n. 该句中，who is shak ing hands with my father是定语从句，修饰先行词the man , “ who ”是引导定语从句的关系词，代 替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1 ? who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playi ng football are from Class On e. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morni ng. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2 ? whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person （ whom ） you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车 上谈论的那个人。 Li Mi ng is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are wait ing for has come. The girl ( whom ) the teacher ofte n praises is our mon itor. 的班长。 注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用 你正在等的教授已经来了。 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们who来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3 ? Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很 远。 He likes to read books which are writte n by foreig n writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。 4 ? That指人时，相当于who或whom ;指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或 宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 The nu mber of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one milli on. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。 Where is the man that / whom I saw this morni ng? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿? The person that /whom you in troduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。

高中英语定语从句知识点及练习复习过程

高中英语定语从句知识点及练习

高中英语---定语从句 一定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 二关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door. Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、 The season that/which comes after spring is summer. The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 注意：指物时，常用以下结构来代替： The house whose windows are broken is empty. =The house the windows of which are broken is empty. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间（that, who不可以），也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。 The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who，若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which；关系代词是所有格时用whose。

初中定语从句讲义

定语从句 用来修饰名词的叫定语。 a pretty girl a girl in red a girl standing in the living room. a girl who is standing in the living room is lucy I like the girls who can play the guitar. ] 形容词修饰名词通常位于名词之前作前置定语；名词之后的介词短语作后置定语； 理解定语从句要把握住两个关键词：先行词、关系代词（关系副词） ★当先行词指人时,关系代词可以用who,that,whose,whom. 关系代词的作用:一指代先行词； 二在主句和从句中作引导词； 三在从句中作主语/宾语/定语。 （who和that在从句中既可以作主语，也可以作宾语；whom在从句中只能作宾语；whose在从句中只能作定语，即whose后面加名词） * Garmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music. She is the girl (who)I love very much. I love the book which my father bought for me last week very much. Do you know the girl whose hair is long Linda,whose English is very good,is always helpful. ★当先行词指物时,关系代词可以用which/that(which和that在从句中既可以作主语,也可以作宾语) I don’t like the people that speak much but do little. / The little boy (that)he is watching is lovely boy. ★当先行词指地点时,关系副词可以用where,wherer在定语从句中充当地点状语； This is a place where kids can play with sand. My uncle went to the town where he was born. It has to be a place where we can do lots of exercise. ★当先行词指时间时,关系副词可以用when,when在定语从句中充当时间状语；I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.

高中英语非限定性定语从句语法归纳

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完整版定语从句讲义个人精心整理

?定语从句定义及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的 先行词之后。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等; 关系副词有when, where, why 等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句 B.代替先行词，C.在定语从句中担当一个成分.关系代词表格

例如：(注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分) ①Do you know the pro fessor who/that will give us a sp eech next week? ②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be p ublished. ③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. (作宾语) ④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to in troduce to you. ⑤The soldier whose legs were badly woun ded was op erated on without delay. 三.6个关系代词的用法 1 )关系代词that禾n which 的用法 which, that在代替物时，一般可以通用。 His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets. The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black. ▲但在有些情况下，只用that 1.先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。 ①This is the best way that has bee n used aga inst p olluti on. ②En glish is the most difficult subject that you will lear n duri ng these years. 2.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。 ①This is the last p lace (that) I want to visit. ②It is the first America n movie of this kind that I 3.先行词是all, much, little, someth ing, everyth ing, anything, nothing, non e,a ny, few, little, no, all, much, every 等不定代词时。 ①You should hand in all that you have. ②We haven ‘ t got much that we can ffer you. ③The little money (that) he had was stole n. 4.先行词前面有the on ly, the very,等修饰时。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some mon ey. 5.先行词既有人又有物时。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talk ing about? 6.主句已有疑问词which时。避免重复使用 Which is the bike that you lost? 7.that在定语从句中作表语 Mary is no Ion ger the girl that she used to be. （作主 语） （作宾 语） ve ever seen.

高中英语定语从句知识点归纳

定语从句的连接词不可以用what． 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 指人，在从句中做主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. … (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. / 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning @ 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow (6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow ^ 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) The school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) We”ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/wh o) we have often talked about. "